CN101065521A - Device and method for melt spinning fine non-woven fibers - Google Patents
Device and method for melt spinning fine non-woven fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN101065521A CN101065521A CNA200480044476XA CN200480044476A CN101065521A CN 101065521 A CN101065521 A CN 101065521A CN A200480044476X A CNA200480044476X A CN A200480044476XA CN 200480044476 A CN200480044476 A CN 200480044476A CN 101065521 A CN101065521 A CN 101065521A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NFGXHKASABOEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylethyl 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CCCC(C)CC=CC(C)=CC(=O)OC(C)C NFGXHKASABOEEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004750 melt-blown nonwoven Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
To provide a drainage collecting pipe which makes clear the relationship between the relative positional relationship between a drift board and a swirl vane, and the draining ability thereof, and exhibits an optimal positional relationship between the drift board and the swirl vane. The drainage collecting pipe is formed of a body 1 having vertical joint ports 3, 4 at upper and lower ends thereof, and horizontal joint ports 6 on the circumferential wall thereof, and the drift board 7 and the swirl vane 8 arranged in the body such that the former is arranged above the latter. Provided that the center of the drift board 7 and the center of the swirl vane 8 are set at a minimally arranged angle when they intersect each other at an angle of 90[deg.] in a plan view from above the center of a vertical pipe axis, the drift board 7 and the swirl vane 8 are arranged in an angular range of 0 to (5/16)*[pi] as an allowable angle [theta] in addition to the minimally arranged angle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of meltblown that is used for the thin non woven fibre of melt-spinning that limits according to claim 1 preamble, and the device of the described method of enforcement that limits according to claim 14 preamble.
Background technology
When producing non-woven microfiber, a large amount of ribbons are extruded by the spinneret orifice of spinning head by polymer melt, then by blow flow stretch form microfiber (superfine fibre, Feinstfaser), the fiber diameter of this fiber usually＜10 μ m.This method is called meltblown in the prior art.Blow flow is preferably produced by hot-air, and this hot-air blows on ribbon with high energy.Blow flow causes the stretching and the fracture of ribbon, thereby forms the thin non woven fibre of finite length.
DE 33 41 590 A1 disclose a kind of like this method, wherein adopt the fluid of not heating as blow flow.On the principle, this colder blow flow has such advantage, promptly there is no need convection cell and heats.This method also can be produced the microfiber of being made by thermoplastic polymer, and its fineness is less than 10 μ m.
The meltblown of prior art is no matter be to implement with the blow medium of heat or as the cold blow medium of the disclosed usefulness of DE 33 41 590 A1, and ribbon is drawn as limited long fiber (endlicheFaser) usually.Except forming the such shortcoming of fine hair, this fiber is can be owing to the segment of fiber adhesion causes physical property inhomogeneous when forming non-weaving cloth by lay.Specifically, because the cause of limited long fiber section, this non-weaving cloth can only bear very little tensile strength.
DE 199 29 709 A1 disclose the another kind of method that is used to make thin non woven fibre.In this method, ribbon is split into microfiber by means of air-flow.This art methods that is called as the Nanoval method in professional domain promptly produces a kind of pressure effect to the ribbon under air-flow and the nozzle unit effect based on such principle.Described pressure effect causes the ribbon spalling, thereby produces in a large number the microfiber of (endlos) basically for no reason.Meanwhile, account for the pressure of leading static pressure, rely on this static pressure to make the ribbon spalling greater than the air-flow that surrounds ribbon at fibrous inside.Fiber is introduced to lay zone and lay formation non-weaving cloth under the air-flow effect then.
All have a danger in all meltblown of prior art, promptly each fiber was understood inter-adhesive before final curing and is caused the discontinuity point that appearance is not expected in the non-weaving cloth.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide and be used for the meltblown that melt-spinning starts the thin non woven fibre of described type,, can produce high-quality microfiber with lower energy consumption according to this method.
Another object of the present invention provides the non woven fibre that is used to make non-weaving cloth, and it has the physical property of improvement.
In addition, produce a microfiber thereby the objective of the invention is to improve the meltblown and the device for melt blowing that are used for the thin non woven fibre of melt-spinning, this microfiber has maximum uniformity and continuity to realize the even distribution of fiber in the lay process in the process that manufactures non-weaving cloth subsequently.
This problem of device solves that the present invention has the method for disclosed feature in the claim 1 and has disclosed feature in the claim 14 by proposition.Non woven fibre according to method manufacturing of the present invention shows the feature that has according to claim 24, and the non-weaving cloth that forms shows the feature that has according to claim 25 thus.
The favourable further improvement of the present invention limits has disclosed feature and combination of features in the relevant dependent claims.
The present invention is based upon on the basis of following understanding, and promptly in traditional meltblown, blow flow is accelerated to maximal rate when striking ribbon.Therefore the collision of blow flow and ribbon more or less causes ribbon to extend suddenly.This elongation causes tensile fiber, perhaps causes fibrous fracture when surpassing maximum spin-drawing amount.For fear of this fiber overstress, according to the present invention, blow flow flows to ribbon in accelerating sections.Blow flow and ribbon quicken in accelerating sections together then, make ribbon be drawn into microfiber for no reason.By this way, can avoid advantageously that ribbon bears overstress during stretching.Up to the terminal maximal rate that just reaches blow flow of accelerating sections, thereby cause the predetermined stretching fully of ribbon.
Because blow flow and ribbon quicken in accelerating sections, blow flow can flow to ribbon with less energy consumption.Therefore, verified, only need just be enough to provide ribbon less than the malleation in the 1000mbar scope with predetermined spin-drawing amount.Therefore, the consumption of blow flow also can be reduced to minimum.
Blow flow is the air of natural air temperature in 15 ℃ to 110 ℃ scopes preferably.Therefore, the fringe region of cured fiber rapidly, this characteristics are particularly conducive to the stability of the fiber that will stretch.In addition, can strengthen the cooling of microfiber.In this respect, not to be heated be very important to air.Therefore, be not cooled according to environmental condition or the temperature of the air that heats is called the natural air temperature.
Blow flow is preferably made by the surrounding air that is in environment temperature, and described surrounding air sucks from the environment of spinning head below.In the device for spinning of routine, the air average consumption is about 600m around
3When/h*m and maximum positive voltage were 1bar, blow flow can provide with lower consumption.
In a kind of alternative method, during for each spinneret orifice 1.0g/min to 10g/min, ribbon is extruded in the mass flow of the polymer melt of the spinneret orifice that flows through spinning head; According to this method, the polymer of all existing kinds---for example polypropylene or polyamide---can be extruded.Preferably, set the circulation＞3g/min of each spinneret orifice.Therefore, bore dia can be in 0.2 to 1.0mm scope.
Therefore, it is very favorable that polymer melt was heated in spinning head before soon coming out from spinneret orifice, and this makes ribbon of just having extruded have higher melt temperature, and for example polypropylene fibre can reach more than 350 ℃.According to the difference of polymer type, polymer melt preferably is heated to the scope between 300 ℃ to 400 ℃.
For the constant optimum setting that obtains to be determined by polymer type, spinneret orifice capillary diameter and predetermined fibre fineness, the length setting of accelerating sections that is used to quicken blow flow and ribbon is in the scope of 2mm to 30mm.
Thereby, after coming out from spinneret orifice, ribbon can send into accelerating sections immediately, and perhaps the Qu Houzai that extrudes at the weak point that passes through maximum 2mm sends into accelerating sections, and ribbon is not come out by any blow flow can in extruding the district from spinneret orifice with influencing.
In order to produce big pulling force on ribbon, a kind of method that preferably substitutes proposes, and ribbon and blow flow are admitted to a free space when passing accelerating sections, and the pressure of the leading gas in this free space is substantially equal to environmental pressure.The vortex is caused in blow flow expansion freedom of entry space, thereby improves the impact of blow flow to fiber surface.So-called whipping effect also may take place causes fiber to continue to be stretched.
In order to strengthen this effect, can utilize air guide element to produce the more air vortex at free space.Can also in fiber, produce special effect thus, for example dense-sparse position (Dick-D ü nn-Stelle).
But, also can in free space, provide the extra cooled gas flow that is used for, this method that substitutes is used in advantageous particularly under the situation that blow flow has the higher air temperature.
The method according to this invention is suitable for handling the polymer of all existing kinds, for example polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester or polyamide, and be processed into the non woven fibre that is limited to 0.5 μ m on the microfiber cross section.Particularly use polypropylene material can reach good result, wherein for no reason the fibre fineness of microfiber in 1 μ m to 30 mu m range.
Being particularly suitable for stack shaping with microfiber made according to the method for the present invention as fiber for no reason is non-weaving cloth.
Be used to implement the device proposition of method of the present invention, accelerating sections forms in two of spinning head belows and blows between the top rib and basal edge of nozzle bore.Therefore, just can realize being designed to be located immediately at the accelerating sections of spinneret orifice below without any need for additional servicing unit.Device characteristic according to the present invention is that specifically a large amount of ribbons can be drawn into microfiber equably and not make the adjacent fiber adhesion with nearer relatively gap.Therefore device of the present invention is suitable for making the microfiber of a large amount of high-quality, high evenness.
According to a kind of favourable improvement of apparatus of the present invention, two top ribs that blow nozzle bore belong to an access road, and two basal edges that blow nozzle bore belong to the accelerating sections of an exit passageway to realize determining.Wherein the free flow cross section of exit passageway is littler than the circulation cross section of access road.Therefore fiber can quicken continuously by means of blowing the blow flow that nozzle bore comes out after by access road, until arriving exit passageway.
Different according to fibre fineness and type of polymer, exit passageway is arranged to the gap width in 2 to the 8mm scopes.Gap width is determined by the minimum range that blows between the nozzle bore basal edge respect to one another.
Access road with big gap width advantageously direct forming on the height of spinning head bottom surface, thereby make the ribbon of extruding can directly enter accelerating sections.But access road is formed in the distance very little apart from the spinning head bottom surface and also is fine, thereby makes ribbon can arrive accelerating sections after distinguishing by extruding of the weak point in 0 to the 2mm scope.
The length of accelerating sections defines according to the distance that access road leaves exit passageway, and this length can be in the scope of 2mm to 20mm according to the different of kinds of fibers and fibre fineness.
A kind of preferred design of apparatus of the present invention blows hole place at each to have one and flows into passage and be used for air supply.Described flow channel forms between each basal edge that blows nozzle bore and the top rib.Therefore, basal edge and top rib are arranged or are shaped so that flow channel has the flow cross of convergent along blowing the hole direction respectively at basal edge and rib end, top.Therefore, can realize that the air supplied with constantly quickens until entering accelerating sections, thereby only need supply with less energy to produce blow flow.
The air of supplying with advantageously be kept at blow the pressure chamber that the hole links to each other in.
According to apparatus of the present invention one particularly advantageous further improvement, pressure chamber is connected so that air is provided as far as possible economically with a pumping part.Pumping part sucks surrounding air and it is delivered directly to the balancing gate pit.
One free space forms in and blows basal edge below, hole with convenient violent stretching of flowing out ribbon between the phase of expansion in blow flow from accelerating sections.
This free space can comprise and be used to guide, the additional auxiliary element of cooling and/or drawing of fiber.This gives device of the present invention flexibility highly, promptly can produce the microfiber of any kind of and purposes.
The non woven fibre that the method according to this invention is made by polymeric material is characterised in that, although the cross section of microfiber in the scope of 0.5 μ m to 30 μ m, fiber still has endless length.This makes can provide the microfiber for no reason by the meltblown manufacturing to be used to make non-weaving cloth.
Therefore, the feature of the non-weaving cloth of the present invention that is made of non woven fibre of the present invention specifically is, at longitudinal direction (Maschinenrichtung) with all have high uniformity in a lateral direction.Therefore this non-weaving cloth is particularly suitable for intercepting product, and this intercepts the requirement of product one side can see through air, but on the other hand, this non-weaving cloth has retardation for liquid.Therefore, non-weaving cloth of the present invention is particularly suitable for health product, medical product and filtration application.
The feature of non-weaving cloth of the present invention specifically is, compares with traditional melt-blowing nonwoven to have higher tensile property.Therefore non-weaving cloth of the present invention can be advantageously used in the product that micro-strain is arranged in producing and using.Particularly this non-weaving cloth is suitable for this application, and the lay of promptly being made by polypropylene in this non-weaving cloth of microfiber for no reason becomes weight per unit area at 1.5g/m
2To 50g/m
2In the scope and have at least 60% elongation at break or can bear the maximum tensional stress of percentage elongation at least 40% time.
The high strength of this non-weaving cloth and deformability make it can make the composite non-weaving cloth with a lot of layers in an advantageous manner.In composite non-weaving cloth of the present invention, having one deck at least is the non-weaving cloth with microfiber for no reason of the present invention.
Non-weaving cloth of the present invention and composite non-weaving cloth all are particularly suitable for health product, the medical product such as wound dressing, filtering product or the household products such as mop cloth or rag such as diaper or cotton wool.
Therefore, preferably adopt special composite non-weaving cloth to be used for above-mentioned application, in this composite non-weaving cloth in addition at least one deck make by spun-bonded non-woven.
Description of drawings
Some embodiment by the contrive equipment that is used to implement meltblown of the present invention explain this method with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the figure that schematically illustrates an embodiment of apparatus of the present invention who is used to implement the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the detail drawing that schematically illustrates the spinning head bottom of another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the detail drawing that schematically illustrates another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section that schematically illustrates another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the chart that percentage elongation changes with the non-weaving cloth weight per unit area according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the chart that tensile strength changes with the non-weaving cloth weight per unit area according to the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the figure that schematically illustrates apparatus of the present invention first embodiment that is used to implement the inventive method.
This embodiment has a spinning head 1, and it is connected with melt source (not shown herein) by melt input pipe 2.Usually adopt extruder as the melt source.Described extruder molten thermoplastic material also flows to spinning head with described material as polymer melt under pressure.Spinning head 1 bottom has a plurality of spinneret orifices 5, and they are connected with melt input pipe 2 in spinning head 1 inside.Spinneret orifice 5 is configured in spinning head 1 bottom according to specific layout, is preferably arranged for interconnective group of series of delegation or multirow.Ribbon is extruded by the polymer melt that comes out from each spinneret orifice 5 and is obtained.
Below spinning head 1, be provided with blowing device 3, its have two be positioned at spinning head 1 below short distance staggered relatively blow nozzle 4.1 and 4.2.Each blows nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 and comprises one and blow nozzle bore 7.1 and 7.2, they separately top rib 9.1 or 9.2 and separately basal edge 10.1 or 10.2 between form.Top rib 9.1 and/or 9.2 and basal edge 10.1 and/or 10.2 be designed to tabularly, and extend with the spinneret orifice 5 that its free end is arranged essentially parallel to spinning head 1.Thus, top rib 9.1 staggered relatively and 9.2 forms access road, and basal edge 10.1 staggered relatively and 10.2 forms the exit passageway of ribbon 6.Access road and exit passageway be designed so that top rib 9.1 and 9.2 and basal edge 10.1 and 10.2 between form an accelerating sections 15, this accelerating sections, be accelerated with ribbon 6 from blowing the blow flow that nozzle bore 7.1 and 7.2 comes out.
The top rib 9.1 and 9.2 that blows nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 is arranged so that on the one hand with respect to spinning head 1 usually and significant thermal loss can occur at spinning head 1 place, do not have blow flow on the other hand and select the accelerating sections outside.To describe the design (not shown in figure 1) of spinning head 1 below in detail to the transitional region of top rib 9.1 and 9.2.
Set a pressure chamber 8.1 and 8.2 to blowing nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 respectively, store the blow medium that keeps malleation in it.The preferred air that adopts still also can adopt other gas as blow medium.Pressure chamber 8.1 can be jointly with 8.2 or respectively with pressure source for example the compressed air piping system be connected.Form free space 12 below blowing device 3, it extends to lay band (Ablageband) 13 from the basal edge 10.1 and 10.2 that blows nozzle 4.1 and 4.2.The effect of lay band 13 is that the microfiber 11 that stretches of lay is to form non-weaving cloth 14.In addition, lay band 13 is connected with a transmission device, so that export non-weaving cloth 14 continuously in lay microfiber 11 backs.Arrow is represented the direction of motion of lay band 13.
The embodiment (shown in Figure 1) of the apparatus of the present invention that are in mode of operation is shown.Import the polymer melt of for example making continuously in operation spinning head 1 by polypropylene.Spinning head 1 is designed so that it can be heated so that the melt temperature of polymer melt is remained in the scope more than 300 ℃, preferably in 300 to 400 ℃ of scopes.Then by spinneret orifice 5 extruded polymer melts formation ribbon 6 separately.Just arrive in the accelerating sections 15 and under the effect of blow flow after ribbon 6 comes out from spinneret orifice 5 and combine.Like this, ribbon 6 and blow flow are constantly quickened in accelerating sections 15 inside, until arriving exit passageway.By this way, ribbon 6 is stretched gradually.Its result is exactly that along with the expansion of blow flow in free space, described ribbon forms the microfiber of fiber cross section in 0.5 μ m to 30 mu m range.Microfiber 11 continuous lay on lay band 13 forms non-weaving cloth 14 then.
Adopt cold blowing to send medium, preferred cold air is as the blow medium of traction and stretch fiber strip 6.This process makes ribbon be cooled before lay down, thereby needn't carry out extra cooling to fiber.For for example 25 ℃ the time, especially the free space 12 between blowing device 3 and the lay band 13 can keep minimum, makes blow flow significantly improve the lay of the microfiber that forms non-weaving cloth in air themperature.And the stability of fibre guide device is improved, and reason is, the fringe region of ribbon 6 cools off rapidly when ribbon that cold blowing is sent air to run into just to have extruded.Yet because the existence in the molten core zone of ribbon 6, tensility remains unchanged basically.
In order to obtain maximum drawbar pull, blow nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 and be preferably shaped to and make blow flow from blow nozzle bore, flow out along the fiber direct of travel by blow flow.In addition, Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.This cross-sectional view only illustrates the part of spinning head bottom surface and the nozzle bore that blows that blows nozzle of below.
Details among Fig. 2 illustrates the go out present condition of ribbon 6 at spinning head 1 with view profile.Has a spinneret orifice 5 on the spinning head 1.In spinning head 1, be provided with a plurality of heating element heaters 19 so that the polymer melt that heating is carried in spinning head 1.
Below spinning head 1, be provided with have blow nozzle bore 7.1 and 7.2 blow nozzle 4.1 and 4.2, blow jet hole 7.1 between top rib 9.1 and basal edge 10.1.Top rib 9.1 and basal edge 10.1 are designed to profiled sheeting, form one and flow into passage 18.1 between top rib and basal edge.The flow cross of flow channel 18.1 is convergent on the direction that blows nozzle bore 7.1, thereby makes the air of sending in the flow channel 18.1 constantly quicken to blow nozzle bore 7.1 until arrival.Meanwhile, flow channel 18.1 is shaped so that from the blow flow that blows nozzle bore 7.1 outflows by top rib 9.1 and basal edge 10.1 and sends into along the fiber direct of travel.Verified, if having such physical bend about basal edge 10.1, top rib 9.1 make it protrude in the center that the imaginary extended line of free-ended theory arrives the exit passageway 17 that is made of the relative basal edge 10.1 and 10.2 in position, then be quite favourable.Meanwhile, between top rib 9.1 and the basal edge 10.1 distance constantly reduce last till till the center of exit passageway 17.This design that blows nozzle 4.1 can improve the acceleration effect that is used for the draw fibers bar.
Nozzle bore 7.2 mirror images that blow that blow nozzle 4.2 at spinning head 1 opposite side are symmetrical in and blow first of nozzle 4.1 and blow nozzle bore 7.1.Flow channel 18.2 between the profiled sheeting of top rib 9.2 and basal edge 10.2 is constructed with the flow cross of convergent.Therefore, about more detailed explanation referring to noted earlier.
Thereby top rib 9.1 and opened certain distance in 9.2 minutes and be positioned at the below of spinning head 1 Face to face and form access road 16 mutually.The gap width of access road 16 is represented with capital E in Fig. 2, and is defined by the distance between two top ribs 9.1 and 9.2.Gap width E is a constant on spinning head 1 whole spinning width basically.
Below top rib 9.1 and 9.2, basal edge 10.1 and 10.2 is to be provided with Face to face mutually about exit passageway 17.The gap width of exit passageway 17 is represented with capitalization A in Fig. 2, and is defined by the narrowest distance between two basal edges 10.1 and 10.2.The gap width A of exit passageway 17 also is a constant on spinning head 1 whole spinning width basically.The gap width A of exit passageway 17 is designed to the gap width E less than access road 16.Between access road 16 and exit passageway 17, has an accelerating sections 15.Specifically, blow nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 and directly feed the flow channel 18.1 and 18.2 of accelerating sections 15 by belonging to, ribbon 6 is directed from access road 16 along accelerating sections 15 with blow air and quickens until arriving exit passageway 17, and is blowed in the free space 12 that enters exit passageway 17 belows.Distance between access road 16 and the exit passageway 17 directly limits the length that blows the outlet cross section of nozzle bore 7.1 and 7.2 and provide accelerating sections 15, different according to polymer type and fibre fineness, and this distance can be in the scope of 2mm to 30mm.The gap width of exit passageway 17 changes between 2mm to 8mm.Even the capillary diameter of spinneret orifice 5 is 0.6mm, the microfiber of fibre fineness in 1 to 30 mu m range also can create with device of the present invention.
Blowing nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 sides, between spinning head 1 and top rib 9.1 and 9.2, be provided with potted component 23.1 and 23.2 towards spinning head 1.Potted component 23.1 and 23.2 is configured for avoiding the thermal insulation layer of heat loss on the one hand with respect to spinning head 1, form sealing device with respect to the blow flow of carrying on the other hand in accelerating sections 15.Potted component 23.1 and 23.2 preferably is made of heat-barrier material.
In the embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention shown in Fig. 2, between spinning head 1 bottom surface and accelerating sections 15, form an interval, this makes ribbon 6 only short extrude Qu Houcai and can enter accelerating sections passing at interval.This resilience effect (R ü cksprung) makes that the ribbon operation is more stable.
But, also can make the ribbon of extruding 6 after leaving spinneret orifice 5, directly enter accelerating sections 15.This embodiment of apparatus of the present invention schematically illustrates with cutaway view in Fig. 3.Spinning head 1 and to blow nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 design identical with the foregoing description according to Fig. 2 basically therefore with reference to above-mentioned explanation, and only illustrates its difference.
Directly be configured on the height identical at the access road between top rib 9.1 and 9.2 16 with spinning head 1 bottom surface.Consequently, thus ribbon 6 directly enters accelerating sections 15 and obtains different traction behaviors with the blow flow contact from spinning head 1 after leaving spinneret orifice 5.
Blowing nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 sides, an air gap 24.1 and 24.2 are arranged respectively between spinning head 1 and top rib 9.1 and 9.2 towards spinning head 1.Air gap 24.1 and 24.2 size are so narrow so that there is not blow air to pass through basically, but leave an enough air layer with heat insulation with spinning head 1.
In order to improve and increase the stretching of microfiber 11, a plurality of diversion members (Leitmittel) 20 are set in the free space 12 of embodiment shown in Fig. 3, diversion member causes the formation of a large amount of vortexes, thus the enhanced drawing process.But, can make the microfiber preferably that has such as the special effects of sparse point (D ü nnStelle) thus.
In Fig. 4, schematically illustrate another embodiment of apparatus of the present invention with longitudinal section.With basic identical according to the embodiment of Fig. 1, therefore its difference only is described below according to the embodiment of Fig. 4, all the other are then with reference to above-mentioned explanations.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, blowing device 3 has a pumping part 21 below spinning head 1.Pumping part 21 is connected with 8.2 with pressure chamber 8.1.Pumping part 21 extracts surrounding air and is transported to pressure chamber 8.1 and 8.2 from spinning head 1 below.By this way, the blow flow that is used for stretch fiber strip can advantageously obtain from surrounding air.Therefore, surrounding air has room temperature, and this room temperature can be in 15 ℃ to 40 ℃ scope as the variable of environment.Therefore, the result makes can provide and make blow flow with very little consumption.
Have in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 induction apparatus 22 with further improvement below blowing nozzle 4.1 and 4.2 in the free space 12 to the guiding of fiber.Therefore, when ribbon when the induction apparatus 22, from around accumulate in guiding and the cooling that free space 12 interior surrounding airs are participated in fiber directly, and without any need for foreign assistance.But also can will suck in the free space 12 by the air of weather control.Like this, be subjected to the air of weather control can be scheduled to its air themperature, air humidity and air mass flow, thereby can set the specific cooling condition in fiber place as conditioned air.But this mechanism is preferred for the situation that blow flow must be made by warmer air.
The polymer melt that the contrive equipment that method of the present invention and being used to is implemented the inventive method is applicable to all existing polymer in principle---for example polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or polyethylene---.
In an example of this method, the polymer of being made by polypropylene is melted and forms melt, and is that 0.6mm, melt handling capacity are extruded for the spinneret orifice of each spinneret orifice 6g/min by capillary diameter.Spinneret orifice quantity is 36.Air under the room temperature with 260mbar malleation is provided for pressure chamber 8.1 and 8.2.Simultaneously, use at equipment structure shown in Figure 2 so that the ribbon of extruding is stretched so that form microfiber.Back lay formation non-weaving cloth is being extruded and stretched to the PP-microfiber, and the weight of its unit are is 50g/m
2The non-weaving cloth sample analysis shows that the fibre fineness of this microfiber is in 2.5 to 25.1 mu m ranges.The average fiber section of this microfiber is 5.2 μ m.The numerical value of determining the elongation at break of the long non-weaving cloth sample of 40mm subsequently is vertical 63%, horizontal 70%.Simultaneously, can determine that vertical the maximum tensile strength is 29N, laterally be 17N.Therefore, compare, can determine that its physical property improves about 300% with traditional melt-blowing nonwoven with limited long fiber section.
In a series of tests, the polypropylene fibre lay forms the different non-weaving cloth of weight per unit area.The result who obtains thus is plotted in the chart of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.The figure shown in Fig. 5 express the non-weaving cloth weight per unit area and the elongation at break that reached between relation, capital M D and CD represent the direction of nonwoven material, wherein MD (Machine Direction) represents the vertical of non-weaving cloth, and CD (Cross Direction) representative laterally.Along with reducing of weight per unit area, elongation at break is increasing, and this result specifically shows the high strength of microfiber for no reason.Compare with traditional melt-blown non-woven material, can determine that elongation at break can bring up to 300%.
Fig. 6 illustrates the chart of the tensile strength of non-weaving cloth with variable weight per unit area.Here also can determine, compare tensile strength with traditional melt-blowing nonwoven and obviously improve.Weight per unit area is 10g/m
2About the maximum tensile strength of nonwoven material more than 5N, weight per unit area is 50g/m
2About nonwoven material more than 25N, and do not consider the direction that stretches.Therefore this nonwoven material situation that is specially adapted to bear variation such as hygienic material or occurs distortion during fabrication.Cause permeability on the one hand according to the microfiber characteristic of non-weaving cloth of the present invention, have the lower trend that sees through simultaneously air and/or steam.Therefore this nonwoven material can be preferably used as the obstruct product, for example is used for diaper and sanltary towel at health field.But also can be used for medical technology, for example wound dressing.
The non-weaving cloth of being made by this fiber can be contained in the composite in particularly advantageous mode, and the absorbability of this non-weaving cloth and retardation can be advantageously used in composite non-weaving cloth to form barrier layer.
Percentage elongation that meltblown of the present invention in addition is very high and tensile strength also make to use to be improved.Also can be used to have the situation of small deformation without a doubt, for example in the health product.
Description of reference numerals
1 spinning head, 2 melt input pipes
3 blowing devices 4.1,4.2 blow nozzle
5 spinneret orifices, 6 ribbons
7.1 7.2 blow nozzle bore 8.1,8.2 pressure chambers
9.1,7.2 top ribs, 10.1,10.2 basal edges
11 microfibres, 12 free spaces
13 lay bands, 14 non-weaving cloths
15 accelerating sections, 16 access roades
17 exit passageways, 18.1,18.2 flow channels
19 heating element heaters, 20 diversion members
21 pumping parts, 22 induction apparatus
23.1,23.2 potted components, 24.1,24.2 air gaps
Claims (29)
1. the meltblown that is used for the thin non woven fibre of melt-spinning, in the method, polymer melt is extruded so that form a plurality of ribbons by a plurality of spinneret orifices of a spinning head, be right after after ribbon comes out from spinneret orifice at this ribbon effect one cold blowing stream of supplying gas, this cold blowing is supplied gas and is flowed through that at least one blows nozzle bore and arrives the ribbon and the described ribbon that stretches under positive pressure, it is characterized in that, described blow flow is directed to ribbon in an accelerating sections, ribbon and blow flow are accelerated in this accelerating sections, make ribbon be stretched to form microfiber for no reason.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the malleation of described blow flow is set to the value that is less than or equal to 1000mbar.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described blow flow is produced by the air of natural air temperature in 15 ℃ to 120 ℃ scopes.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described blow flow is produced by the surrounding air under the environment temperature, and described surrounding air sucks from the environment of spinning head below.
5. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described ribbon is with each spinneret orifice 1.0g/min to 10g/min, the polymer melt mass flow of preferred＞3g/min is extruded the spinneret orifice by spinning head.
6. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described polymer melt is heated to 300 ℃ to the 400 ℃ temperature in the scope from spinneret orifice before extruding in spinning head.
7. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that the length of described accelerating sections that is used to quicken blow flow and ribbon is in the scope of 2mm to 30mm.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described accelerating sections tight ground directly is connected in the spinneret orifice outlet, and perhaps both distances are in 2mm scope at the most.
9. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that ribbon and blow flow are admitted to after passing accelerating sections in the free space, the pressure of this free space is substantially equal to environmental pressure.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, produces the additional air-swirl district that acts on the fiber by at least one air guide element in the described free space.
11., it is characterized in that the air-flow that fiber additionally provides by means of the accelerating sections below is cooled and guides according to each described method in the aforesaid right requirement.
12., it is characterized in that the fibre fineness of microfiber is in 0.5 μ m to 30 mu m range for no reason according to each described method in the claim 1 to 10.
13. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that, microfiber by lay to form non-weaving cloth.
14. be used for implementing the device according to each described meltblown of claim 1 to 13, this device comprises a spinning head (1), has a plurality of spinneret orifices that set in a row (5) on this spinning head bottom surface; Also comprise a blowing device (3), this blowing device has two nozzle bores (7.1,7.2) that blow respect to one another, each blows nozzle bore (7.1,7.2) be formed between top rib (9.1,9.2) and the basal edge (10.1,10.2), this top rib and basal edge all are arranged essentially parallel to spinneret orifice (5) and extend, it is characterized in that two top ribs (9.1 that blow nozzle bore (7.1,7.2) in spinning head (1) below, 9.2) and basal edge (10.1,10.2) between form an accelerating sections (15); Ribbon (6) and blow flow are accelerated in described accelerating sections, make ribbon (6) be drawn into microfiber (11) for no reason.
15. device according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, blow nozzle bore (7.1 at two, 7.2) basal edge (10.1,10.2) between form an exit passageway (17), at two top ribs (9.1 that blow nozzle bore (7.1,7.2), 9.2) between form an access road (16), wherein the free flow cross section of exit passageway (17) is less than the flow cross of access road (16).
16. device according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the gap width (A) of described exit passageway (17) is in 2mm to 8mm scope.
17., it is characterized in that access road (16) is configured to be positioned on the height of spinning head (1) bottom surface or apart from small distance place, spinning head bottom surface according to claim 15 or 16 described devices.
18., it is characterized in that access road (16) and exit passageway (17) define the length of accelerating sections (15) according to each described device in the claim 15 to 17, this length is in the scope of 2mm to 30mm.
19. according to each described device in the claim 14 to 18, it is characterized in that, form a flow channel (18.1) that is used for input air between the basal edge (10.1) that blows nozzle bore (7.1) and the top rib (9.1) belonging to, this flow channel (18.1) has the flow cross of a convergent along the direction that blows nozzle (7.1).
20., it is characterized in that blow nozzle bore (7.1,7.2) and connect with at least one pressure chamber (8.1,8.2), the air in the pressure chamber remains in malleation according to each described device in the claim 14 to 19.
21. device according to claim 20 is characterized in that, pressure chamber (8.1) is connected with a pumping part (22), surrounding air by means of this pumping part be inhaled into and input pressure chamber (8.1) in.
22. according to each described device in the claim 14 to 21, it is characterized in that, form a free space (12) in the basal edge that blows nozzle (4.1,4.2) (10.1,10.2) below.
23. device according to claim 22 is characterized in that, has additional auxiliary element (20,22) in free space (12), is used for guiding, cooling and/or drawing of fiber.
24. the non woven fibre of making by polymeric material, it is characterized in that, microfiber is by according to each described meltblown manufacturing in the claim 1 to 13 and have endless length, and the fibre fineness of wherein said microfiber for no reason is in the scope of 0.5 μ m to 30 μ m.
25. the non-weaving cloth by non woven fibre is made is characterized in that, fiber is by according to each described meltblown manufacturing in the claim 1 to 13 and have endless length, wherein for no reason the fibre fineness of microfiber in the scope of 0.5 μ m to 30 μ m.
26. non-weaving cloth according to claim 25 is characterized in that, microfiber is become weight per unit area at 1.5g/m by lay for no reason
2To 50g/m
2In the scope and elongation at break be at least 60%.
27. the composite non-weaving cloth by multi-layer nonwoven cloth is formed is characterized in that, one deck is made of the non-weaving cloth with microfiber for no reason according to claim 24 at least.
28. composite non-weaving cloth according to claim 27 is characterized in that, the weight per unit area of this layer non-weaving cloth is at 1.5g/m
2To 50g/m
2In the scope and elongation at break be at least 60%.
29. according to claim 27 or 28 described composite non-weaving cloths, it is characterized in that, other at least one deck make by spun-bonded non-woven.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004047537 | 2004-09-30 | ||
| DE102004047537.7 | 2004-09-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101065521A true CN101065521A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
Family
ID=34959766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200480044476XA Pending CN101065521A (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-12-17 | Device and method for melt spinning fine non-woven fibers |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070202769A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1797226A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101065521A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006037371A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103160939A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 上海启鹏工程材料科技有限公司 | Compressing spinning-spinneret assembly and implementing method thereof |
| CN103510164A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 苏州大学 | Melt-blown nozzle component for preparing nanofibers and nozzle device |
| CN104073897A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-01 | 南通丽洋新材料开发有限公司 | Throat-tube type cold-wind-drafted and melt micro-fibre spinning device |
| CN109177150A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-11 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of coaxial 3D printing Processes and apparatus |
| CN108323175B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2021-10-01 | 关西电子株式会社 | Method for producing resin fiber, nozzle head used for the method, and production apparatus |
| CN113502549A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-10-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Melt-blown spinning assembly |
| CN114729483A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-07-08 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Nonwoven webs with increased CD strength |
| CN115537945A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-30 | 南通大学 | A melt-blown spinning die capable of refining polymer fibers |
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| US8277711B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2012-10-02 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Production of nanofibers by melt spinning |
| DE102010019910A1 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2011-11-10 | Lüder Gerking | Spinneret for spinning threads, spinner for spinning threads and method for spinning threads |
| WO2013152858A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2013-10-17 | Ap Fibre Gmbh | Superfine-fibre non-wovens and paper-like products and method for the production thereof |
| CN103469317B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-10-21 | 无锡纳润特科技有限公司 | The melt-blown header structure of melt blowing machine |
| KR101918913B1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2018-11-15 | 그로츠-베케르트 카게 | Multi-die melt blowing system for forming co-mingled structures and method thereof |
| WO2019104240A1 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Extrusion Group, LLC | Meltblown die tip assembly and method |
| EP3543397B1 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2021-07-07 | Aladdin Manufacturing Corporation | Method for manufacturing a carpet or a rug |
| CN109868513A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-06-11 | 朴哲范 | A kind of polymer fiber of the nanofiber enhancing of in-situ fibrillation |
| CN109868512A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-06-11 | 朴哲范 | A kind of polymer extrusion molding non woven fabric production apparatus, production line and production technology |
| CN111748145A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-09 | 朴哲范 | Nano-fiber composite thermoplastic elastomer for preparing automobile parts |
| CN116219563A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-06-06 | 南通大学 | A nanofiber spinning nozzle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4526733A (en) * | 1982-11-17 | 1985-07-02 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Meltblown die and method |
| DE19607114A1 (en) * | 1995-01-28 | 1996-12-05 | Lueder Dr Ing Gerking | Filament melt spinning |
| JPH11200220A (en) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-27 | Toray Ind Inc | Production of nonwoven fabric |
| EP1079008A1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-02-28 | B a r m a g AG | Process and apparatus for the spinning of a multifilament yarn |
| DE50205368D1 (en) * | 2002-11-16 | 2006-01-26 | Reifenhaeuser Gmbh & Co Kg | Device for producing fibers of thermoplastic material |
-
2004
- 2004-12-17 CN CNA200480044476XA patent/CN101065521A/en active Pending
- 2004-12-17 EP EP04804007A patent/EP1797226A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-17 WO PCT/EP2004/014403 patent/WO2006037371A1/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-03-29 US US11/693,235 patent/US20070202769A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103160939A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 上海启鹏工程材料科技有限公司 | Compressing spinning-spinneret assembly and implementing method thereof |
| CN103510164A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 苏州大学 | Melt-blown nozzle component for preparing nanofibers and nozzle device |
| CN103510164B (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-06-29 | 苏州大学 | It is applied to prepare the melt-blowing nozzles parts of nanofiber and spray nozzle device |
| CN104073897A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-01 | 南通丽洋新材料开发有限公司 | Throat-tube type cold-wind-drafted and melt micro-fibre spinning device |
| CN108323175B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2021-10-01 | 关西电子株式会社 | Method for producing resin fiber, nozzle head used for the method, and production apparatus |
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| CN114729483A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-07-08 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Nonwoven webs with increased CD strength |
| CN114729483B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-12-12 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Nonwoven webs with increased CD strength |
| US12134844B2 (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2024-11-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Nonwoven web with increased CD strength |
| CN113502549A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-10-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Melt-blown spinning assembly |
| CN115537945A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-30 | 南通大学 | A melt-blown spinning die capable of refining polymer fibers |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006037371A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
| EP1797226A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| US20070202769A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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