CN1010422B - Drill pipes and castings utilizing mult-conduit tubulars - Google Patents
Drill pipes and castings utilizing mult-conduit tubularsInfo
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- CN1010422B CN1010422B CN 87105650 CN87105650A CN1010422B CN 1010422 B CN1010422 B CN 1010422B CN 87105650 CN87105650 CN 87105650 CN 87105650 A CN87105650 A CN 87105650A CN 1010422 B CN1010422 B CN 1010422B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multi-conduit pipe for well drilling operation, which has a plurality of fluid conduits and electric conduits together with relevant ground fluid and electric commutators, and a plurality of underground sensors for providing instantaneous stratum data for ground monitors. The pipe comprises a plurality of uniform linear conduits through the pipe, and a sealing disk with a gasket is arranged between every two connected pipes so as to ensure the high pressure seal between every two connected pipes; the sealing disk is provided with a middle electric connector for connecting electric conduit connectors of one pipe with another pipe.
Description
The present invention puts it briefly and relates to drillng operation, carefully says deeplyer, relates to boring underground hole, inject high pressure and low-pressure fluid in many conduits tubing and monitoring downhole parameters controlling drilling well or production operation, thereby reaches the method and apparatus of optimum efficiency.
Basic drillng operation all remains unchanged for many years always, remains a succession of drilling rod that couples together and form drill string under present case, is rotating the drive drill bit and is rotating, and the stratum is ground off.In drilling process, need to measure various drilling parameters, for example drilling stratum, stratum gradient, temperature, pH value etc.Because drill string is the underground rotation at several thousand feet in many cases, therefore will obtain instantaneous subsurface information always is an old problem.
For example, when the drilling implementer understands formation characteristics, drill-well operation most effective.To such as dissimilar stratum such as rock stratum, soil layer or fluid layer and gas blanket etc., often wish to change the terrestrial operation mode, so that effectively handle the stratigraphic type that drill bit ran at that time.To the stratum drilling cuttings that drill bit ate away, traditional processing method is a pumping fluid down in the drilling rod, takes drilling cuttings to well head by the annular space around the drill string.Drilling cuttings rises to ground needs the quite a long time, thereby checks that these drilling cuttings are the reliable data that can not obtain at that time stratum in the probing.
The United States Patent (USP) 3 of the rude fort of dust, 419, the 092nd, the known technology of relevant drilling well, the binary channels drilling rod that this patent has adopted inside and outside concentric tube type drilling fluid of pumping ventilation down in the conduit, reduce hydrostatic pressure head on the drill bit with this, thereby quicken the speed that drilling cuttings moves on to ground in another drilling rod conduit.Adopt this mode, the drilling cuttings of stratigraphic type just can faster arrival ground in the representative probing, so can according to circumstances change the drill-well operation mode.Although the fluid reversing process of the various concentric tubes of the rude fort formula of dust drilling rod is very not complicated, consider that from the practical standpoint of jackrod structure the quantity that this class conduit can be applied is limited eventually.
People's such as Kemp United States Patent (USP) 2,951,680 is thought, can adopt non-concentric many conduits drilling rod to increase the number of conduit.But for making fluid reversing, the transition of fluid passage from conduit to the drilling rod end is to be spiral to enter the common circular concentric passage.As a result, people's such as Kemp drilling rod though different fluid reversings is gone in each conduit, makes the production process complicated of drilling rod, thereby the cost height.
Be familiar with this professional personage and all admit to adopt many conduits drilling rod to have certain advantage, but this drilling rod can not get having used widely its a series of reasons.With this drilling rod shortcoming that runs into that links together is the mode that the conduit of a drilling rod is sealed to another drilling rod conduit.The conventional seals device has O shape ring or V-shaped ring (United States Patent (USP) 2,951,680) or traditional sealing (United States Patent (USP) 3,077,358).The seal type that is adopted and use the mode of sealing to make fluid pressure that sealing can bear usually all 7,500 pounds of/square inch dividing potential drops.
Therefore obviously need a kind of so many conduits of high pressure drilling rod, the conduit number of drilling rod is unrestricted, and the structure of drilling rod or manufacture process divide complexity or cost too high only.
In addition, press for the monitoring down-hole and creep into operation, immediately its result is sent to well head, and transfer medium and drilling rod are combined by this way, unlikely grievous injury drilling rod carries the ability of fluid.
Past has the people to propose to adopt the drilling rod centre bore as the cell of settling lead.United States Patent (USP) 2.795,397 and 3,904,840 have just introduced this example.But according to this practice, the insulation of lead can be subjected to the erosion of drilling fluid, otherwise must use the protector of high price.
In carrying the hole of fluid, be the problem that electrical cnnector that each section lead is connected together and fluid isolation come because of the problem that adopts lead to produce.For addressing this problem, people once sought help from complexity and special technique.One section drilling rod need be rotated the mat screw thread and be fixed in the form of another section drilling rod the sort of, each lead has more worsened from the situation that a drilling rod is connected to another drilling rod, and this makes problem become more complicated.At United States Patent (USP) 2,798, in 358, this point is to solve by reserving enough cable lengths, and cable just can be twisted together with drilling rod like this.In other cases, promptly United States Patent (USP) 3,879, and in 097, cable is to receive annular contact of each end of drilling rod by way of the drilling rod sidewall except that two ends, and major part carries in centre bore along its length.Obviously, the number of lead that adopted this technical limitations.
At present the profile instance that multiple conducting wires is linked together at each end of drilling rod has United States Patent (USP) 2,750,569 introduced that is a kind of.In this patent, cable carries the aisle, hole by fluid.This makes cable and joint be subject to the corrosion or the erosion of drilling fluid.
The considerable problem of also influential operation total cost is the composition problem of relevant drilling well " mud " in the drilling technology.Must use density, viscosity or other performance of different material and chemicals periodic adjustment mud.This adjusting can only progressively be carried out up by the ground installation cyclic process from the drill bit district at mud.In some cases, for example under the situation of urgent blowout, must be exceedingly fast changes the density of mud, in case this situation takes place.Therefore, there are many blowouts not avoided with known technology.So need to make a kind of drill string that can in time change drilling mud pressure with control blowout or raising bit speed.
After even drillng operation is finished,, also need monitor all parameters in down-hole in the production phase from the mine management.So far, common well casing is highly perfect to wellhole, but aspect the transfer passage of lead, gas or liquid (up except the fluid of pumping), the equipment extreme difference.As temporary measure, always be that the remote measurement lead is fixed to the sleeve pipe neighboring with metal or plastic tape, extend on the remote-measuring equipment in the down-hole always.Also having a kind of known practice is to establish additional pipeline in jacket exterior, so that send air pressure, to form artificial lifting wellhole.
Therefore just need conduit well casing more than,, and hold remote measurement lead and the additional conduits that carries solvent, anti-freezing solution and many other fluids for the fluid in the pumping manufacturing process.
The present invention is to provide commutating by many high pressure and low-pressure fluid in the unique drilling rod with some identical conduits, and with electric signal or electric power toward downhole transmitted to sensor, to collect the method and apparatus of relevant subsurface formations data.
The present invention is to provide many conduits drilling rod that a kind of like this entire cross section is even thereby available extrusion is made.On cross section, this drilling rod has a cylindrical outer wall and a tubular inwall that constitutes centre bore, and many other conduits between inside and outside wall.
One of them conduit is equipped with electrical wire, is fixed with a connector in the conduit of each drill rod end.Owing to generally may wish that different fluids or electric wiring take various conduit, therefore the other end at each drilling rod is provided with an indication lug and an indication recess, can keep in a straight line when making each conduit of each drilling rod link together.Except that indication lug and recess, each drilling rod also is provided with various lug and recess, in order to drive other drilling rod with a drilling rod.
The present invention is provided with a kind of sealing that the aperture is arranged, the shape of sealing cross section is the same with drilling rod, electric transition joint is equipped with in one of them aperture, link together in order to electric wiring each drilling rod, on each plane of sealing an elastic body is arranged, when each drilling rod couples together, guarantee the integrity of high pressure between each conduit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, each drilling rod is to use threaded splice sleeve of sealing mat therebetween to link together, one end of splice sleeve has the uniform internal thread of diameter, the other end also has the uniform internal thread of diameter, but these splice sleeves each all have the different diameters and the pitch of thread.Each end of drilling rod part all has the corresponding screw thread of diameter and pitch and splice sleeve.This makes each drilling rod adjoin the partial screw threads effect that extruding seals between the drilling rod and be linked together by means of being sealed in compress mode.
According to another characteristics of the present invention, commutate to various drilling rod conduits from the multiple fluid of separately fluid source with a kind of fluid commutator, this fluid commutator has an axle, is rotating in connecting the manifold of variant fluid source.This sleeve shaft has the inner passage, and each is corresponding to the conduit of each drilling rod.Each commutator shaft passage also leads to the inlet hole on the beam barrel shape limit.In the path (this aperture is along the configuration of commutator shaft axially spaced-apart) of fluid around various inlet holes, some corresponding annular grooves are arranged in manifold.Each commutator shaft passage promptly is connected on the fluid source by its manifold groove.This configuration mode has been arranged, and various drilling rod conduits just can interruptedly not be communicated with a certain selected fluid source.
With regard to relevant characteristics of the present invention, the fluid source commutator shaft is by one each commutator shaft passage (thereby fluid source) to be connected to one of them selected drilling rod conduit, is connected on each drill string.Like this, just many unions can be arranged at hand always, and they can be exchanged each other, with by commutator shaft with various fluid sources be connected in the drill string one in the conduit being wanted to use.
With regard to another aspect of the present invention, there is a quill sleeve part of gooseneck water halter, and quill has an electrical cnnector, as the terminal fitting of drilling rod electrical wire.The slip ring that the lead that carries in quantity and the drilling rod is suitable is configured in around the quill, and each slip ring then is connected on the lead in the drilling rod.Static brushgear contacts with each slip ring, and the electrical response signal of down-hole is sent to the watch-dog on ground.
As mentioned above, a kind of so improved boring method is in the cards, in the method, all high-pressure fluids can inject one or more drilling rod conduit respectively, so that for example, corrode stratum, cleaning and cooling drill bit or drill bit path simultaneously, simultaneously the gas of other low-pressure fluid in other each conduit in each conduit of down-hole and other is mixed, to reduce the hydrostatic pressure of down-hole.Simultaneously, each sensor of drill bit or drilling rod can be sent to the watch-dog on ground with information such as relevant temperature, pressure, gradients, changes drill-well operation so just can use these information immediately.
This category information also can in order to, for example, control is toward the pressure process of ring-shaped liquid or mud and prevent blowout.In addition, according to the present invention, just in case detect blowout may take place, just can start the pump machine and exert pressure and offset excessive rising materials flow in the drilling rod central passage.In addition, the present invention also has such characteristics, i.e. the present invention has adopted a kind of annular accumulator, and this accumulator can be regulated the pressure that is added to liquid in the wellhole annular hole, thereby keeps the setting pressure of ring-shaped liquid.Thereby the ability that this ring-shaped liquid in drilling well annular hole is exerted pressure has and need not recycling mud and add material to increase the effect that its weight improves mud density.
The extremely important similar characteristics of the present invention are to have used many conduits well casing, this sleeve pipe makes drilling rod have multifrequency nature, comprising holding a large amount of production fluids bigger centre bore usually, it can monitor many downhole parameters, can under various pressure, inject fluid and solution simultaneously toward the down-hole, make mine reach best productivity ratio, everything has all improved the managerial skills of mine.
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with reference to more detailed structure of the present invention and the mode of operation introduced of following explanation.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the realization well head that each side and characteristics of the present invention adopted and total schematic diagram of underground equipment;
Fig. 2 is the part lateral view that two drilling rods are linked together, and wherein some is cut open, to show the situation that engages of screw thread between each drilling rod and the coupling sleeve;
Fig. 3 a is the transverse sectional view along many conduits tubing of the 3-3 line intercepting of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 b is the transverse sectional view of the another kind of alternative embodiment of many conduits tubing, shows the situation of all circular periphery conduits configuration along periphery around centre pipe;
Fig. 3 c is the hollow section transverse sectional view of another embodiment again, has showed an outer tube, other peripheral situation around the inner central tube configuration in pipe edge that forms interior pipe and a plurality of formation conduits of centre pipe.
Fig. 3 d is many conduits tubing transverse sectional view of another embodiment again, has showed that a cover is full of indivedual conduits of a conduit of Fig. 3 a drilling rod.
Fig. 4 is the transverse sectional view from the good many conduits tubing of the connection of the 4-4 line intercepting of Fig. 2,
Fig. 5 is the oblique view that the tubular sealing of an intermediary electrical connector wherein is housed;
Fig. 6 is the transverse sectional view at the intersection of all tubing that is connecting, and has showed sealing and intermediary electrical connector;
Fig. 7 is the transverse sectional view that the tube-shaped catheter that electrical wire, connector and contact connect is housed;
Fig. 8 to 10 is the transverse sectional view that intercept along the 8-8 line among Fig. 7,9-9 line and 10-10 line respectively;
Figure 11 prepares and the tubular end that is tightly connected parts exploded perspective view partly;
Figure 12 is the elevation of an embodiment of Drilling derrick, shows gooseneck water halter and hangs the drilling rod of setting up thereon;
The transverse side view of the gooseneck water halter of Figure 13 has been showed at the fluid of sleeve portion and the electric commutator configuring condition together with the drilling rod drive apparatus;
Figure 14 is the oblique view of dispense tube remittance and commutator, and manifold has four/part to be broken away, the situation when having fluid to transmit in axle inlet hole and the manifold cannelure to show;
Figure 15 is the bottom view of Figure 14 union, showed two or more drilling rod conduits can with the public situation of single reversing shaft passage;
Figure 16 is the horizontal section lateral view of fluid commutator, showed that manifold cannelure and various axle inlet holes separately are connected and are connected to by each axis channel the situation of sleeve portion;
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of electric slip ring on the quill, has wherein shown to give drilling rod or transmit the corresponding brush that electric signal is used from drilling rod;
Figure 18 is the lateral plane figure of crossover sub of the present invention together with sensing equipment appended on it;
Figure 19 is the longitudinal plan of crossover sub, and to show the blocking portion in order to the fluid conduit systems of installing each sensor and remote-measuring equipment, each hole of crossover sub is around the component configuration of conduit;
Figure 20 is the schematic symbol diagram that the drilling fluid toward the drilling well annulus applies annular each element of accumulator that authorized pressure uses;
Figure 21 is the sectional plain-view drawing of many conduits drilling rod and appended drill bit, has adopted high-velocity fluid with drilling stratum and cleaning drill bit in some conduit, has also showed among the figure in other all conduit in order to up to carry the low-pressure fluid of drilling cuttings on every side in the annular space district;
Figure 22 is and similar another view of Figure 21 that wherein gas down is pressed in the drilling rod conduit, discharges from the down-hole, to reduce the hydrostatic pressure at this place again.
Figure 23 is the schematic diagram that adopts the drill-well operation of liquids and gases reverse circulation and coring technology;
Figure 24 is the rough schematic view that adopts many conduits tubing of well casing;
Figure 25 is the transverse sectional view along the multitube well casing of the 25-25 line intercepting of Figure 24;
Figure 26 is the end-view along the well casing butt bottom of the 26-26 line intercepting of Figure 24;
Figure 27 is the transverse side view of the well casing brachycephaly that unloads from many catheter pump section;
Figure 28 is the parts transversely portion view by the well casing brachycephaly terminal end of transducer room intercepting.
Referring now to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is the overview of method and apparatus of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the present invention includes usually to number many conduits drilling rods of 10 expressions, this drilling rod is driven by multithread body gooseneck water halter 12.Drill bit 14 can be the drill bit that varied getable erosion subsurface formations 16 drilling wells are used.
Can adopt in the drill bit 14 such as various downhole sensors such as temperature pick up 18 or acidity-basicity sensors 20, in order to collect downhole data and data to be sent to the watch-dog on ground by drilling rod lead (not shown in figure 1).Also can establish the bit sensors that power supply 25 gives and the controller power supply of down-hole electric device in case of necessity.
According to want the boring method that uses kill line pump 42 to be set, drilling fluid is down pumped into the annular space 44 of drilling well.Annular accumulator 46 makes that the pressure of annular fluid remains on setting in the well.
From above introduction as can be seen, the invention provides according to having ready conditions and make the optimized various alternative plans of drill-well operation.From following argumentation, can be more clearly visible, the invention provides a kind of unprecedented advanced technology.
Referring now to Fig. 2.Join good pipeline section as can be seen from FIG., particularly constitute the drilling rod of a drilling rod part, more particularly, drill rod end part ways of connecting.What Fig. 2 showed is the situation of drilling rod, and wherein, many conduits (numbering 30 of one of them) thereby all are uniformities in by the tool joint 48 that will to be drilling rod 50 link together with another drilling rod 52 in whole drilling rod.This conduit 30, although at the standing part 54 of drilling rod shown in Figure 2 and 56 slightly big at diametrically for satisfying intensity and seal request, its person's character is linear.
Can be more clearly visible the situation of drilling rod 50 from the drawing in side sectional elevation of many conduits of Fig. 3 a material.Adaptive viewpoint is from many aspects set out, and it is very important in actual applications that many conduits are set in drilling rod, and all these conduits each and every one all are property linearly, can be connected with each other toward the liquid or the gas of down-hole supply any desired number; Each liquid or gas are isolated from each other and come, thereby can be by different pressure and amount supply.For this reason, proposed a kind of drilling rod in the recommendable scheme of the present invention, this drilling rod has a lateral wall 58 and a concentric inside wall 60, constitutes centre pipe 62, and most of fluid (can select rather than essential) is promptly by conduit 62 pumpings.Various longitudinal ducts 30 are situated between between inside wall 60 and lateral wall 58, and the vertical circular passage in forming between the lateral wall radially dividing plate 64 is divided into some independently conduits 30 with this circular passage.Therefore each conduit 30 entire cross section is trapezoidal, and its arc limit is parallel to each other.
Adopt this structure extremely beneficial a bit be that drilling rod or well casing can be formed from aluminium with extrusion, its reinforcement is made of a steel, or all makes with high-tensile steel.Certainly also can adopt Fig. 3 a conduit configuration in addition to satisfy indivedual requirements.For example Fig. 3 b is the form of another kind of alternative many conduits tubing.This pipe has lateral wall 66 and inside wall 68, and centre pipe 62 is the boundary with inside wall 68 also.But in this form, between inside wall 68 and lateral wall 66, equidistantly dispose the rounded a series of conduits 70 of cross section around centre pipe 62.The tubing of this form manufactures easily, tubing at one end can be erected and vertically drill through each conduit.
Fig. 3 c is and another form of the similar many conduits tubing of Fig. 3 b, and just it is made of bassoon 72, and the bassoon outer wall constitutes lateral wall, constitutes centre pipes 62 than tubule 74.Between bassoon 72 and tubule 74, dispose the less pipe of some diameters 76 along circumference.Therefore each pipe is welded to adjoining on the pipe of pipe two ends.
Fig. 3 d is by the improved tubing of 3b.On periphery, have in the tubing of some circular pipes 70 and be inserted with a tubular multichannel plug-in unit 78, fix with the method for welding and so on.Plug-in unit 78 has a central axial passageway 80, and periphery has some passages 82, and everything has all increased the number of conduit in the tubing effectively, although diameter has reduced.
Therefore as can be seen, the invention provides a kind of tubing that is easy to make, on the whole length of tubing, be laid with the individual conduits of many uniformities.How be about to below introduce in detail really utilizes this class conduit to make drilling well or production operation reach optimization.
Referring again to Fig. 2.Many conduits tubing is to adopt threaded splice sleeve 84 to be connected to each other together.When connecting like this, sealing 86 has guaranteed the integrity of each catheter pressure, and these also will be described in detail below.The end of drilling rod 50 is to connect with the differential thread effect that connects between sleeve pipe internal thread 92 and 94 outward by external pipe thread 88 and 90 with the end of drilling rod 52.External screw thread 88 and 90 has different pitch on each drill rod end.For example, it is .25 that an end per inch of drilling rod shown in Fig. 2 50 can have four screw thread 88(pitch), among the figure pipe end per inch of 52 five screw thread 90(pitch can be arranged is .2).The mantle fiber situation of splice sleeve 84 is similar, and it has coarse thread 92, in order to engage with respective threads on the drilling rod end 50, has fine thread 94(per inch five circles in another sleeve end), in order to engage with drilling rod 52 fine thread separately.Should be noted that, the fine thread 94 of splice sleeve 84 and drilling rod 50 and 52 and 90 and coarse-pitch thread 92 and 88 all be the consistent screw thread of diameter in threaded part separately.But the diameter of the coarse thread 88 of drilling rod 50 is greater than the diameter of drilling rod 52 end fine threads 90.The diameter of splice sleeve 84 screw threads is similar.The different this situation of the diameter of thread can release splice sleeve 84 from drilling rod 50 and is discharged on the drilling rod 52 and does not cause the coarse thread 92 of splice sleeve 84 to engage with the fine thread 90 of drilling rod 52.Like this, splice sleeve 84 just can be following to drilling rod 52, till it leans against on the stop flange 96.
Because each end of each drilling rod shown in the figure has different pitch reaching the purpose of differential connection, thus screw thread 88 and 90 both be not that right-handed thread is exactly a left hand thread.When each drilling rod only connected with splice sleeve 84, each screw thread was preferably got such direction, makes the spinning movement of drill bit impel the connection between each drilling rod to tighten.In general, each screw thread is by the turning of dextrorotation direction.Be that the pitch of the drilling rod 50 and 52 other ends and the diameter of thread are opposite with described each drilling rod end from what above-mentioned situation be should give attention.In other words, an end of each drilling rod is a coarse thread 88, and the other end is a fine thread 90.
The diameter of splice sleeve 84 also than connect each drilling rod big, thereby any wearing and tearing that cause with respect to well bore wall, impaired is sleeve pipe rather than drilling rod.For reaching this purpose, drilling rod splice sleeve 84 is made and can be unloaded down from drilling rod 52, and method is to reserve a part 98 that circularizes indent on the coupling sleeve pipe end, and it is unlikelyly engaged with external screw thread 90.As another kind of alternative plan, also can make splice sleeve internal thread 94 extend to cannula tip.Like this, when splice sleeve 84 is badly damaged, be not difficult to unload replacing from drilling rod 52.Usually, drilling rod leans against on the drilling rod end on the stop flange 96 storing and its each splice sleeve 84 gone up fully during transportation, is about to speak of below the reason of doing like this.
With further reference to Fig. 2, be to be in the same place, driving torque can be passed on the next drilling rod from a drilling rod in that its available screw thread is engaged with each other before connecting in drilling rod 50 and 52 end according to the present invention.Like this, the driving torque of drill string is not to transmit by threaded splice sleeve 84.Therefore threaded splice sleeve 84 and drill rod end do not need the tool joint of common taper case and band pin thread to come transmitting torque, and this screw thread need be used the thread die of high price.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that some driving lugs 100 that are located in driving recess 102 separately are engaged with each other the drilling rod that connected.Referring to Figure 11, this is the drilling rod 103 and 105 schematic diagrames together with its electrical wire 110 of carrying pipe.From figure, can be clear that on drilling rod 105 some driving lugs 100 and shown in the driving recess 102(of the drilling rod 103 ends dotted line).Being bonded with each other between the drilling rod 103 and 105 comes down to drive 100 interconnected with all recesses 102 of lug.
A lug 104 of drilling rod 105 and each recess 106 of drilling rod 103, their size and other drive lug 100 and drive the different of recess 102.Specifically, lug 104 is indication lugs, and it can link together drilling rod 105 by predetermined desirable arc or rotational alignment mode with indication recess 106.According to the present invention, the arc calibration between each drilling rod of drill string is most important, because need keep each drilling rod conduit all in a straight line at whole drill string.In addition, keep each drilling rod (for example 103 and 105) to be in specific arc align mode even even more important, the electrical wire that all signals and electric energy is supplied to each sensor of down-hole and signal up is fed to ground installation from all sensors or utensil is housed in the conduit (electric conduit 108) because have.Here " signal " speech also comprises from the electric energy such as interchange or dc source.
Therefore as seen, not only need maintenance to carry between each conduit of fluid in line, and need carry out individual calibration, because these conduits have one (conduit 108) that electrical wire is housed.Be appreciated that when needs use each conduit of drilling rod to transmit fluid, only need add driving lug 102 whole conduit (not being indivedual conduits) is kept in a straight line.Can expect, can in more than one conduit, install electrical wire in some cases.
As mentioned above, can be immediately in drillng operation from the down-hole all sensors (for example 18 and 20) receive electric signal, and can work in the mode of closed circuit, help to improve drillng operation, make it reach optimum state.Can see that from Fig. 7 to 10 electric conduit 108 of drilling rod 103 is loaded with three electrical wires 110, is fitted together in anchor clamps 112.Anchor clamps 112 preferably are furnished with the lid that solid durable materials such as teflon or Ji Le are made, and make the unlikely electric short circuit that causes of any fricting movement between the anchor clamps 112 and conduit 108 inner surfaces 114 in drilling process.
Each electrical wire 110 is received on the terminator terminating junctor 116 of drill rod end, and this connects device three conductor terminals 118 and relevant pin formula contact 120 thereof.It is on the terminal 118 of pin formula contact 120 separately that each electrical wire is soldered to.Can be bonding or be sealed in the electric conduit 108 at connector 116 of each end of drilling rod, or be fixed therein with other suitable member (not shown).
For making between a drilling rod and other drilling rod all conduits separately on electric and keeping being communicated with on the fluid passage, installed one and sealed 86, as shown in Figure 5.Sealing 86 is that its flat cross section and the cross section that illustrates drilling rod are similar.In detail, the cross section of Fig. 5 sealing and Fig. 3 a tubing embodiment's is similar, makes the belleville washer of steel band sealing mat, is placed between each drill rod end.According to following introduction, be familiar with this professional personage and be to produce with the conduit sealing of the tubing adapted of Fig. 3 b to 3d.As shown in Figure 5, sealing 86 has a central through hole 122, and peripheral equal intervals disposes peripheral through hole 124.Be fixed with an electric intermediate connector 126 of female type in one of them through hole, extremely shown in Figure 7 as Fig. 5.Intermediate connector 126 each end have some female type contacts 128, and the pin formula contact of drill rod connector 116 can insert in the female type contact 128 by frictional force, guarantees high-quality being electrically connected between drilling rod and the drilling rod.In addition, female type contact 128 and pin formula contact 120 all gold-plated or other suitable materials are in case adopt the influence of the oxidation of common existence in the drilling environment.
Adding of sealing 86 and intermediate connector 126 is the difference that the present invention and common drilling rod are electrically connected the aspect.Intermediate connector 126 has very big real advantage, and it can make drill rod end be equipped with pin formula contact type connector 116.This balanced configuration mode has been arranged, and sealing 86 orientations that need not to face up need only arbitrary end with intermediate connector 126 and contact with arbitrary drill rod end and get final product Fast Installation.In addition, the manufacture process of illustration drilling rod has also been simplified, and only needs to install a dog-type coupling 116 and get final product in the electric conduit of each drill rod end.
The important point is that sealing 86 has rubber or elastomeric seal or cushion device 130, comprises central through hole 122 around each peripheral through hole 124() configuration.In sealing 86 recommendable forms, sealing has groove 132 on 86 each plane, is determining to adjoin the compass in peripheral through hole 124 and central passage hole 122.For ease of making sealing 86 and elastic body packing ring 130, the groove 132 that adjoins between each through hole is public, thereby makes elastic body packing ring 130 make an integral body.As can be seen from Figure 6, when sleeve pipe 84 linked together drilling rod 103 and 105 and firmly connects, elastic body packing ring 130 tightly was pressed into and plays the high-seal effect in its groove, guarantees the integrity of pressure between each fluid conduit systems and the electric conduit.This sealing means can make and keep 50,000 pounds/square inch pressure reduction up between adjacent each conduit.This sealing device is more advanced than O shape ring or chev(e)ron seal, and the latter can only bear about 7,500 pounds/square inch pressure reduction up.For the purpose of coming into plain view, the electrical cnnector 116 in each end of electric conduit that do not draw among Fig. 6.
As can be seen from Figure 11 another advantage of drilling rod of the present invention.As shown in Figure 11, splice sleeve 84 leans against (not shown) on the stop flange 96.Splice sleeve 84 has such length, and when it fell back on the drilling rod 105 fully, its terminal edges flushed with the terminal edges 136 of lug at least, thereby this lug is difficult for broken or damage in storage and handling process.For same purpose, and in order to reduce flimsy weakness, the terminal surrounding of supporting drilling rod 103 is provided with continuous cylindrical edge 138, together with driving recess on the side surface within it 102 and indication recess 106.Like this, because edge 138 is continuous, thereby the terminal of this drilling rod 105 subject to damage not, this is the urgent hope of our institute; Because as can be seen, when lug 100 and 104 or when recess 102 and 106 well damages, it is dangerous that whole drilling rod just becomes.
According to the above description, be understood that many drilling rods can be linked together fast and easily, make it reach desirable arc align mode, on whole drill string, keep its each fluid passage and electric conduit to be in the state of improving.
An important feature of the present invention as can be seen from Figure 12 and Figure 13.Figure 12 and 13 drillng operation are in order to be sent to fluid and electric signal drill string and from the ground installation of drill string transmission usefulness.Crane gear 140 is suspended on the hawser 142 that is connected to derrick framework 144, and gooseneck water halter 12 fixedly is hung in well head top (not shown).Hawser winding plant (not shown) is in order to coarse adjustment drill string in wellhole, thus coarse adjustment drill bit weight.Torque stop hawser 148 prevents that gooseneck water halter 12 from rotating with the drilling rod 150 that pushes up most.
Resemble the electric-motor drive device of drill string, the elements such as preventer at well head place, little to relation of the present invention, it is known that this professional personage is familiar with in their existence and application, thereby this class drillng operation element commonly used all is omitted in this explanation and accompanying drawing.
The gooseneck water halter 12 of Figure 13 mainly is made up of sleeve part 154, washing pipe 156 and fluid commutator 182, and 154 of sleeve parts comprise quill 178, and its bottom is connected to the drilling rod 150 that pushes up most with tubular sleeve pipe 180.Union 184 can be connected to fluid commutator 182 on the quill 178 effectively.Union 184 and quill 178 the insides all have the fluid passage, in order to desirable fluid is sent in wherein some drilling rod conduits.To introduce the mode of various fluid reversings more in detail below to desirable each drilling rod conduit.
The reduced form of fluid commutator 182 as shown in figure 14, wherein, commutator shaft 196 can be rotated in fluid manifold 198, and comprises the high pressure sealing of promptly being discussed with reference to Figure 16.Reversing shaft 196 comprise some with want the corresponding inlet hole 200 of number and 202 by the fluid of various drilling rod conduit pumping.In order to demonstrate, only to draw here and receive two fluid sources of fluid commutator 182.Each inlet hole 200 and 202 all has in commutator shaft 196 shown in fluid passage 204 and the 206(dotted line), this class passage all has an outlet on commutator shaft 196 bottoms.Commutator shaft 196 also has a centre bore 208 to pass through wherein, and drilling fluid etc. promptly are sent in the centre pipe 62 of drilling rod 150 by centre bore 208.
Joint 184 is situated between between commutator shaft 196 and quill 178, with pin 179 and recess 181 installs and jam nut 183 is fixed between commutator shaft 196 and the quill 178.Figure 14 is the perspective schematic top view of joint 184.Joint 184 has a centre bore 210 that is communicated with commutator shaft centre bore 208 and two paths 212 and 214 that are communicated with commutator shaft passage 204 and 206.Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of joint 184 base structures.In the embodiment of illustrative sleeve part 154, be to want two kinds of different fluids down are pumped in the various drilling rod conduits.Therefore on the base of joint 184, around each channel passage 214 and 212, be provided with and hollow out district 216 and 218.Take this structure, path 214 is when being sent to fluid in three corresponding quill conduits 224, and path 212 just can be sent to fluid simultaneously, for example, and other four corresponding quill conduits 222.Imperforate section 22 on the joint 184 has been blocked conduit 226 remaining in the quill 178.
Therefore the inlet hole 204 of commutator 196 can be assigned to a kind of fluid in four sleeve conduits 222 that adjoin in fact, thereby is assigned in four corresponding drilling rod conduits.Similarly, inlet hole 202 can adjoin in the drilling rod conduit in order to another drilling fluid is assigned to three.Now should be clear, situ of drilling well can be established various joints and be assigned in some drilling rod conduits in order to the fluid with some fluid sources.This is to have different shapes and put into practice by the concave portion that digs that makes this position scope or joint 184 bottoms.
In addition, drill-well operation person can also find from instruction of the present invention, can adopt two to make drill-well operation reach optimum state with the different fluid source of upward pressure.In this case, from introduction of the present invention can be well understood to improve three or four inlet hole commutators in case toward each drilling rod conduit the method for the same number of different fluid of distribution.
Can see more detailedly that in Figure 14 and 16 fluid manifold 198 has passage 230 and 232, be connected to fluid source separately in the outside, be connected to commutator shaft inlet hole 200 and 202 by means of a pair of ring-shaped groove 234 and 236 in the inboard.Therefore, inlet hole 200 is constantly to have fluid to transmit when fluid flows in its ring-shaped groove 234 separately.Equally, inlet hole 202 constantly transmits one other fluid by its ring-shaped groove 236.
Because what fluid commutator 182 bore is to be confined to connect flexible pipe 170 to 174(Figure 12) fluid pressure of intensity, therefore must be provided with make each cannelure 234 and 236 and the commutator shaft 196 of rotating between the special device that seals of maintenance.More detailed high pressure seal system of drawing is used for the fluid commutator 182 of gooseneck water halter 12 among Figure 16, so that can adopt various high-pressure fluids to make the downhole drill operation be convenient to carry out.The external surface of commutator shaft 196 is covered with ceramic materials 240, makes the axle 196 in fluid manifold 198 have solid and durable stayed surface.
Around each ring-shaped groove 234 and 236 high pressure sealing 242 is arranged, seal between the ceramic veneer 240 with fluid manifold 198 and commutator shaft 196.Low pressure seal 243 is configured in the other end of axle 196.One side of high pressure sealing 242 is applied with the high voltage control fluid, is added to the high pressure of high pressure sealing 242 opposite sides with counteracting.So just reduce the pressure reduction of high pressure sealing 242 each side, thereby reduced the possibility that the pressure blowout takes place.Therefore established high pressure sealing fluid inlet apertures 244(as shown in figure 16), its effect is that the side to each high-pressure seal ring 242 provides high-pressure fluid, the pressure that is produced along each down pumping of drilling well conduit because of the high pressure drilling fluid with balance high-pressure seal ring opposite side.Some low pressure seal fluid issuings hole 246 is for establishing pressure control fluid reflux to the reservoir (not shown) of sewing that high pressure sealing 242 plays even weighing apparatus effect.
Centre bore 208 in the commutator shaft 196 can seal by above-mentioned same high-pressure process, no longer repeats here.
Self-evident, according to above-mentioned introduction, the present invention makes drill-well operation person can be selectively inject the fluid of the extra-high-speed pressure reduction of different numbers in the different drilling rod conduits of arbitrary number, and toward underground equipment add fluid so that, for example, clean or the cooling drill bit, ventilate in the drilling fluid or help to produce indentation and corrosion function, or carry out operations simultaneously the stratum.
Electric commutator (in Figure 17 be numbered 186) makes between the lead 110 that respectively rotating in the drilling rod and the surface-monitoring equipment 22 and keeps electric path.Drilling rod electrical wire 110 is to connect with the drilling rod 150 at top, and by corresponding connector (not shown)s under the quill 178.The top of the electrical wire in the quill 178 also is connected to connector 250, is connected to the connector 252 among Figure 17 at last.Here as an example, in drilling rod 150, be loaded with four electrical wires.Four corresponding leads 254,256,258 and 260 all are fixed on the termination box 262.Four leads are on each all receives separately slip ring 264,266,268 and 270 from termination box 262.Each slip ring is all made by brass or other suitable conductive material, and they are fixed on the quill 178, thereby rotates with quill 178.
Like this, the electric signal that is carried by each lead 110 from each sensor of down-hole just appears at and respectively rotates on the slip ring 264 to 270.Four brushes 272,274,276 and 278 are being pressed on the slip ring that is fixed on separately, make it have good electrical contact.Each brush is static, and each is pressed on the slip ring with brush holder, shown in numbering 280 among the figure.Each brush holder is fixed on the bearing 282, and bearing 282 is fixed to again on the gooseneck water halter framework.In bearing 282, each lead, for example 284, be to be connected on each brush 278, electric signal is carried on the watch-dog.Electric commutator 186 is covered with the protective cover (not shown), in case the on-slip ring is exposed in the drilling well rugged environment.
Therefore visible the present invention be provided with some electrical wires 110 along drill string cabling one through to underground equipment.Surface-monitoring equipment 22 can be received the electric signal from underground equipment at once, thereby can take action according to signal.
Another characteristics of the present invention as can be seen from Figure 18 and 19.This is the schematic diagram of crossover sub, this crossover sub optimum with through improved drilling rod adapted to enlarge its a many-side people's performance.Crossover sub 286 is pipe nipples of drilling rod, and the casing joint of introducing above having also is provided with simultaneously and is numbered 288 sensing equipment.Concrete as we can see from the figure be three sensors.Pressure sensor 290, acidity-basicity sensor 20 and temperature pick up 18.
Each sensor all is electric control, thereby all receives remote measurement or conversion equipment 292, so that convert the physical quantity input value of sensor to the signal of telecommunication, is sent to surface-monitoring equipment.As shown in the figure, telemetering equipment 292 is wired on the electrical wire anchor clamps 112, up extends on each slip ring in drill string again.Lead anchor clamps 112 are configured in the electric conduit 108.
Owing to may not have enough big space to hold sensing and remote-measuring equipment in the electric conduit 108, so block segment fluid flow conduit 294 with eliminator 296 and 298.Be connected with raceway groove 297 between the part of having blocked 303 and the electric conduit 108, electrical wire can be applied to from electric conduit 108 be arranged on the remote-measuring equipment 292 of blocking part 303.Passage installing plate 300 is packed in the passway of blocking part 303 302 of fluid conduit systems 294.Installing plate 300 is fixed on the crossover sub wall together with packing ring 304 usefulness screws 306.Packing ring 304 adopts common rubber washer to get final product, because the conduit of having blocked 303 does not bear too big pressure.
Lead to duct spacers 310 and be provided with many crossover subs hole 308, with flowing back to conduit 294 lowers so that fluid is walked around the duct portion of having blocked 303 by fluid conduit systems 312 from the top of conduit 294.
In order to reduce the hydrostatic pressure head at wellhole place, normally drilling fluid is ventilated.Therefore illustrative crossover sub 286 is provided with outer vent 314 and interior air vent 316, the former is in order to give the ventilation of the drilling fluid in the wellhole annular space 44, the latter is in order to give the ventilation of the drilling fluid in the centre pipe 315, as shown in figure 19, for carrying out inside and outside ventilation, be connected to separately centre pipe 318 and the fluid conduit systems 320 and 322 of wellhole annular space 44 compressed gas that all passes to nitrogen and so on by each air vent.Self-evident, single crossover sub 286 is not by embodying all characteristics of illustrated crossover sub.The drilling rod of above-mentioned special manufacturing also can make it have one or more above-mentioned characteristics relevant with crossover sub in addition.
Sleeve 324 and 326 plays the protection sensor, unlikely damage when it is used in storage or in the down-hole.Sleeve 324 also plays stop catch to splice sleeve 84.
Therefore crossover sub 286 makes on every side that stratum sensor can install in the drill string, and fluid is flowed in each fluid conduit systems.Should understand, when adopting crossover sub 286, same fluid should be pumped in conduit 294 and 312, because these conduits transmit fluid by aperture 308.
Can see annular accumulator 46 among Figure 20.Accumulator 46 is the hydrostatic pressure head of mechanical adjustment wellhole selectively, with the integrity of further raising wellhole, and can regulate continuously when subsurface pressure changes.Specifically, this equipment can prevent to cause calamitous and the great blowout event of cost.Offset with the density that improves drilling mud in the wellhole annular space 44.When boost in pressure gets too fast or drill-well operation person when not noticing that pressure raises, the density of drilling mud just can not quick adjustment must be enough to prevent the generation of blowout.
At this moment annular accumulator just can be exerted pressure toward wellhole annular space 44, and the actual density that changes drilling mud 327 is rapidly handled this emergency.Annular accumulator 46 has a storage tank 328 that is connected to the wellhole annular space by suitable pipeline 330.Rotary head 331 forms ring packing around drilling rod makes system become a closed-loop system.Storage tank 328 has a flexible membrane 332 that drilling mud 327 and the compressed gas 324 on it are kept apart.As can be seen, on barrier film 332, thus the increase of the gas pressure of drill bit and mud 327, the actual density of mud increases.Air pump 336 is pressed into gas in the bigger air supply trough of volume 338, can improve the pressure of gas 334 in the accumulator storage tank 328 like this when needing fast.Adjuster 340 can be regulated, thereby can regulate the pressure between air supply trough 338 and the accumulator storage tank 328.Therefore, there is being requirement to regulate under the situation of this indication of pressure, just can opening the gas pressure of adjuster 340, thereby improve actual density with increase drilling mud 327.
According to an important aspect of the present invention, can make adjuster 340 regulate automatically, and be connected to the pressure monitor device 342 on ground, so that regulate accumulator storage tank 328 automatically according to the transient change of pressure sensor 290 detected down-hole pressures.Like this, use the present invention by closed-loop system and can detect and prevent urgent blowout disaster ahead of time.Can utilize pressure monitor device 342 priming pumps 42 in addition, so that the downhole fluid liquid level is maintained desirable height.
After all equipment of introducing in we think the most practical and recommendable embodiment, introduce a kind of improved boring method that adopts this equipment now.From this point, we look at Figure 21 to 23, and this is to use the drilling rod of the various characteristics of the present invention and the detail drawing of wellhole.
Figure 21 has showed a kind of like this boring method, the drilling fluid that this method employing pumps into the down-hole in one or more conduits 346 liquid 344(for example has first density) simplify the process of removing stratum drilling cuttings 347 from drill bit 348 by high rapid fire action.The chip 347 that is suspended in the drilling mud up is carried on the ground via wellhole annular space 44.Also past pumped downhole drilling fluid 344 in other conduit 352.In these conduits 352, the suffered pressure ratio of fluid 344 much bigger in conduit 346, and being introduced in the bit bore path 354 is so that corrode the stratum and/or remove drilling cuttings 347 in the bore path 354 fast.Can down pump into drilling fluid 356 in a large number along drilling rod centre pipe 358, it be mixed with drilling fluid 344, again this fluid-mixing up is pressed in the wellhole annular space 44, carry landing surface drilling cuttings 347 in drill bit district 348 with second density.
Therefore, this many conduits drilling rod has been arranged, the drill-well operation personnel ever since one's birth for the first time simultaneously respectively toward the down-hole to be enough to from the pressure pumping drilling fluid of drill bit removing drilling cuttings, the drilling fluid that pumping pressure is high, to corrode the stratum, the another kind of low-pressure fluid of a large amount of pumpings toward the down-hole is so that up be pressed into drilling cuttings in the wellhole annular space.
Drill-well operation shown in Figure 22 and Figure 21's is similar, but also set up a kind of crossover sub 360, compressed gas 362 promptly pumps in the wellhole annular space 44 by outer ventilation 314 in crossover sub 360, so that give the drilling fluid ventilation of hybrid density, thereby reduces actual density.In other words, this venting process has reduced the hydrostatic pressure in drill bit district 348.Therefore be understood that, in this example venting process and the process of exerting pressure toward drilling fluid, between two processes, can in wide region, change the density of drilling fluid rapidly with annular accumulator 46.
Figure 23 shows the operating process of coring, and wherein, high pressure drilling fluid 344 is by some conduit 346 and 352 and be added to drill bit district 348 by the nozzle (not shown), and the centre pipe 358 by drilling rod is together with stratum drilling cuttings 347 recycled back then.In addition, also by with Compressed Gas 362 through down pumping of fluid conduit systems 364, the ventilating mode that enters centre pipe 358 by interior air vent 316 improves the efficient of drilling fluid 344 recycled back again.Not so also fluid can be injected the outer ring space of drilling rod with appropriate adjusting outskirt.
Be understood that equally also configuration mode shown in Figure 23 also can utilize drill bit 14 changes of Figure 21.In this embodiment, the size of drilling cuttings has reduced, so that can improve the efficient toward the whole pneumatic conveying drilling cuttings of well head.
Introduced above through improved drilling equipment and method.Be understood that, above-mentioned each side and characteristics can be combined the efficient of further raising drill-well operation.For example, can on drilling rod, install above-mentioned other sensor in addition of introducing,,, simultaneously itself and ground installation be linked up to change the drilling rod operation sequence as above-mentioned pressure sensor to detect the desired formation data that obtains.This closed-loop system has been eliminated operating personnel and has been received that information postpones the possibility of taking measures or not having fully to take action afterwards.In addition, this closed-loop system can be regulated continuously to any amount of drill-well operation, makes system reach optimum efficiency.
According to an important aspect of the present invention, following three kinds of functions can be separated each other, thereby can independently be handled and control: (1) keeps the integrity of wellhole aspect chemistry and pressure, (2) circulation cycle of drilling cuttings, discharge it outside well and (3) to the booster action that cutting or erosion rose on stratum.Therefore the present invention can adopt multiple fluid that is separated from each other and fluid-mixing thereof to fulfil above-mentioned three kinds of functions.By contrast, in the prior art, above-mentioned functions can not be separated, thereby can not independently be handled or control.
Another main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of well casing with many conduits.Many conduits well casing has and the above-mentioned similar advantage relevant with drilling rod.
Be familiar with this professional personage and be understood that,, also need to fulfil the mine governing plan of meticulous establishment, guarantee that mine reaches the highest production efficiency even after mine enters the production phase.The whole production of mine management so far always is subjected to the down-hole information quantitative limitation, and these down-hole informations can be in order to change conditions down-hole to raise the efficiency after collecting, also can be in order to change the efficient of ground pumping operation with raising.Extremely similar to above-mentioned drill-well operation, under the situation that can transmit multiple fluid and electric signal, also can realize high efficiency mine production closed-loop system.The project that needs to understand in highly developed production system is that the down-hole is about each district's pressure, temperature, flow, fluid viscosity and situations such as density, fluid acid-base value.It is beneficial to monitor these and other parameter, and purpose is to control the operational circumstances on ground so that (for example) control is pressed into the gas pressure of down-hole, thereby reduces the hydrostatic pressure of down-hole, and injects solvent or solution to dissolve oil plant or adjusting pH value toward the down-hole.Can also so that further influence the stratum, make it discharge more oil or other material simultaneously toward other solution of pumped downhole.In other is used, may need to inject alcohol solution or antifreezing agent, to prevent because of the caused undesirable low temperature condition of the effects of reduced temperature of gas flow toward the down-hole.
From the situation of above-mentioned introduction as seen, urgent hope can be monitored the multiple parameter of down-hole toward the pumped downhole multiple fluid in.According to the present invention, Figure 24 and 25 is a kind of examples that can remedy many conduits well casing 366 of various so far well casing weak points.The general performance of well casing 366 and with sleeve pipe to get the configuration mode that connects to form drill string identical with each side above-mentioned and that drilling rod is relevant.Because the various conduits of sleeve pipe 366 also may carry high-pressure fluid, therefore established seal 86(Figure 27 of the sealing that is equivalent to Fig. 5), to guarantee the integrity of pressure between well casing 366 each conduit.
Particularly, Figure 25 has showed the structure in well casing 366 cross sections, comprising centre bore 370, many fluid conduit systems 372 be equiped with the electric conduit 374 of many remote measurement leads 376.Each remote measurement lead 376 is received the connector of each end of electric conduit, and receives by the intermediate connector 126 of seal 86 on the corresponding remote measurement lead of other each section of well casing of drill string.The many conduits well casing 366 that is noted that Figure 25 generally speaking is identical with many conduits drilling rod of Fig. 3 b, and just the tubing cross section of well casing is bigger, in the well diameter scope.Centre bore 370 diameters are big slightly in addition, to adapt to a large amount of production fluids of up pumping.
Referring to Figure 24, the well casing 366 usefulness sleeve pipes 84 that push up most are connected to and are numbered 378 well head block.The cross section of well head block brachycephaly 380 is similar with well casing 366, and it is not shown also to be provided with sealing 86() with the above-mentioned indication relevant and driving lug and recess with Figure 11.Well head block 378 has many path 382(dotted lines) by wherein, each well casing conduit 372 and 374 is connected on separately the fluid or source of solvent and monitoring control making sheet 394.The present invention for embodiment in, seven fluid conduit systems 372 of well casing all can be received on each fluid source 388 by fluid distributor 386 each and every one.The outlet 390 that high-pressure hose (for example flexible pipe shown in the figure 384) is received fluid distributor 386 with each well head block path 382.
Like this, established a closed-loop system, in this system, ground installation can be operated automatically according to the variation of the detected downhole parameters of each sensor.For example, (this is detected by sensor 424 in the indication that increases according to the downhole production fluid viscosity, soon speak of in detail below), monitoring control panel 394 can be handled this electric indication and impel one of them electromagnetic valve 396 action, thereby pure fluid source is received one or more well casing fluid conduit systems 372 by fluid distributor 386, thereby change the viscosity of producing fluid.In addition, when viscosity sensor transmits the instantaneous viscosity of downhole production fluid toward monitoring control panel 394, one or more other electromagnetic valves 396 can move or discharge, with by making this fluid increase Fluid Volume or reduce the Fluid Volume that pumps into the down-hole by the number that reduces the fluid conduit systems 372 that this solvent of pumping passed through by way of other fluid conduit systems 372.
Just enumerated the general concrete configuration mode of electromagnetic valve 396 and manifold device above, being familiar with this professional personage can otherwise designed.
Can also install manual operation button panel 400, so that manual control electromagnetic valve 396, make any fluid can be by any one or more well casing fluid conduit systems 372 pumpings.
Well head block 378 also has a centre bore (not shown), and pump shaft 402 promptly extends to the down-hole by this centre bore and plays pump action, produces fluid and promptly rises to ground by means of this pump action.
The bottom portion of well casing has each fluid conduit systems 372 of well casing brachycephaly 404(promptly from this brachycephaly outlet) and some electric telemetering sensors.Well casing brachycephaly 404 can be equipped with the normal reciprocating plunger with many conduits tubing 406 of thread connection to a special use in this tubing, rise on the ground in order to will produce fluid.
Figure 26 and Figure 27 have represented the various characteristics of well casing brachycephaly 404.See well casing brachycephaly 404(Figure 26 from the bottom) comprise that a screen cloth 408 that covers centre bore 370, the size of mesh can prevent that sand grains etc. from entering pump district 406.Screen cloth 408 is made by stainless steel or other corrosion resistant similar material, and its periphery has some holes and fluid conduit systems in line, thereby fluid can not be subjected to the restriction of screen cloth 408 from the ejection of the bottom of well casing brachycephaly 404.Screen cloth 408 is clipped between the convex shoulder 410 and conduit terminals 414 of joint 412, is fixed in the well casing brachycephaly 404.The conduit terminals 414 of brachycephaly 404 have a plurality of fluid conduit systems 372, centre bore 370 and an electric conduit 374, all align by the corresponding pipe of many catheter pump section 406 with many conduits well casing 366.In addition, well casing brachycephaly 404 also has and drives and the indication lug, can cooperate with separately driving and indication recess on many catheter pump section 406.As mentioned above, the integrity of pressure between well casing brachycephaly 404 each corresponding pipe and the many catheter pump section 406 is guaranteed in sealing 86.
As seen from Figure 26, each fluid conduit systems leads to borehole bottom by nozzle bore 416.As can be seen from the figure, can be by the nozzle bore of different needs equipment different-diameter.
Figure 27 has further showed the remote measurement lead 376 in well casing brachycephaly 404 and the many catheter pump district 406.Electric conduit connector 418, sealing intermediate connector 126 and well casing brachycephaly connector 420 make and form continuous electric path between remote measurement lead 376 and the sensor 422.The enlarged detail of the transducer room 422 in the well casing brachycephaly 404 as shown in figure 28.In Figure 26, be provided with a plurality of sensors at the terminals of transducer room 422, one of them number of sensor is 424.Sensor 422 has some threaded inlets 426, and outside threaded sensor 424 promptly is fixed in this inlet.This configuration mode is extremely similar at the configuration mode that connects the gas coupling box with threaded fuse, just wherein is provided with sheet packing 428, in case fluid leaks in the transducer room 422.The sensor contact 430 of band spring makes the continuous electric path of formation between sensor element 424 and the remote measurement lead 376.
This structure has very big benefit, to detect individually the mine of certain type is produced vital downhole parameters because can the some sensor elements 424 of preliminary election be fixed in the well casing brachycephaly 404.The type that amplifier on the monitoring control panel 394 and other detector can be installed in sensor 424 in the well casing brachycephaly 404 is carried out distribution, makes detected individual parameters can change or represent the useful indicated value of these parameters.In addition, if want to adopt 374 sensor elements that can hold 424 of a plurality of single electric conduits and remote measurement lead 376, then can be with remote measurement lead and corresponding connector device capacity with the expansion sensing equipment in some other fluid conduit systems.
As for Figure 27, joint 412 is fixed to many catheter pump section 406 by corresponding internal and external threads with conduit terminals 414.Many catheter pump section 406 has a centre bore 432 as pumping cylinder, and pump plunger 434 promptly moves back and forth up force feed production fluid in this centre bore.Pump plunger 434 has common periphery sealing 436 in order to prevent that fluid from spilling the above and below of pump plunger 434.In the downward stroke of pump plunger 434, produce fluid up is sent to pump plug 434 by passage 440, the flap valve 438 opened top margin.In the downward stroke of plunger 434, flap valve 438 cuts out, and produces fluid and up is sent in the storage tank (not shown) on ground.
Generally speaking, enumerated the benefit of many conduits tubing above as well casing.Owing to established many conduits, borehole bottom has many paths can support utilization, thereby can detect the multiple parameters of down-hole, and can the total production management efficiency of mine be brought up to very high level by various fluid conduit systems.
Although all tubing of above reference, conduit, connecting mode etc. have been introduced some most preferred embodiments of boring method and equipment, self-evident, can carry out various modifications on the basis of the scope of the invention that does not break away from appended each the claim defined of this manual, this only is a selection problem on the engineering.Be familiar with this professional personage even passable, for example, the various characteristics of crossover sub are embodied directly on drilling rod or the drill bit, and by means of the present invention, they can find to realize that this selection is very easy to.In addition, unnecessary in the time of embodying indivedual advantage of the present invention whole advantages of the present invention all are applied on the composite pipe.In addition, scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of the disclosed above-mentioned details of this manual, but consistent with the gamut of claims, thereby comprises any and all equivalent equipment and methods.
Claims (19)
1, the tubing of a kind of drilling well and mine production usefulness, this tubing includes an elongated drilling rod, each end of drilling rod is suitable to be connected with each end of other similar drilling rod, it is characterized in that having in the described elongated drilling rod a plurality of arch separate conduits at interval that are to pass through, each described conduit extends to the other end from an end of described drilling rod basically equably, comprise that also is used for the sealing that a described tubing is connected with another similar tubing, sealing has several and is used for the hole that each conduit with a described Guan Cun is communicated with another similar tubing, sealing is also isolated described each hole mutually, transfers out thereby multiple different fluid is transferred in the drilling well or from drilling well.
2, tubing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drilling rod also includes concentric interior lateral wall, and described inside wall forms a centre pipe of described many conduits, and all conduits of other of described many conduits then are arranged radially in described inside wall outside.
3, tubing according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described other all conduit is constituted by an elongated annular channels between the lateral wall in described, and the some radially dividing plates in the described path form the sidewall of each described other all conduit.
4, tubing according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described other all conduit includes the elongated channel of a plurality of independently circular sections.
5, tubing according to claim 4 is characterized in that, this tubing comprises that also an elongated plug-in unit is fixed in the described path, and this plug-in unit includes a plurality of independently elongated channel.
6, tubing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described drilling rod includes an inner casing, the inside wall of this inner casing constitutes described centre pipe, with an outer shell concentric with described inner casing, the lateral wall of this outer shell constitutes the outer wall of described drilling rod, and described other all conduit is made of a plurality of other each cylinders that are fixed between the described interior outer shell.
7, tubing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the described tubing indicating device is arranged, be used for the similar tubing of described tubing and another being alignd and connecting, thereby make the corresponding catheter alignment of some conduits with another similar another similar tubing of tubing of described tubing of described tubing.
8, tubing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described being sealed into has cancellated tabular, its cross section is similar to described drilling rod cross section with conduit, described sealing also includes on each plane of sealing, around the elastic body of each described conduit mouth periphery setting.
9, tubing according to claim 8 is characterized in that, on each plane of described tabular sealing netted groove is arranged, and described elastomer portion embeds in the described groove.
10, tubing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described tubing also comprises a wire, in order to carry electric signal and to be fixed in the electric conduit of described tubing.
11, tubing according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described tubing also comprises each place, aperture that is configured in described electric conduit, is used for the apparatus that is electrically connected of the described electric wire of termination, and this is electrically connected apparatus and includes the contact that is used to connect described electric wire.
12, tubing according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described tubing also comprises the device that described connector is sealed to described electric conduit.
13, tubing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this tubing also comprises the electric wire in the electric conduit that is located at described a plurality of conduits; One is fixed on the terminator terminating junctor that each end of described electric conduit has the contact of each end of the described lead of termination; With the connector in described sealing, in order to the contact of described first connector of described tubing and another kind of electric wiring like tubing are linked.
14, tubing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described tubing comprises a drilling rod, and the also supporting fluid reversing device that comprises is wished the conduit that connected in order to each a plurality of fluid source is connected to described all conduits when described drilling rod rotates.
15, tubing according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described tubing comprises a drilling rod, also supportingly comprises electric reversing arrangement, in order to coupling in described drilling rod rotation process from the electric signal of described lead.
16, tubing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this tubing is also supporting to be comprised in order to device and pressure apparatus in the scope around the annular space that the drilling rod fluid is limited in the formed wellhole of described tubing, pressure apparatus comprises a storage tank, in order to storing pressurized gas, gas-pressurized then applies desirable pressure with the drilling fluid in the described annular space in the past, thereby changes the actual density of drilling fluid in the described annular space.
17, tubing according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, this tubing also comprises a pressure sensor that is fixed on described tubing sidewall, is added to the pressure of described drilling fluid, the device of the described signal of response in order to the device that transfers the signal of well pressure in the described tubing of expression with in order to adjusting.
18, tubing according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, this tubing comprises that also being connected to described fluid reversing device is used at a described conduit with a kind of fluid of the first pressure pumping, thereby and promotes device to the corrosion function on stratum by another described conduit with the second pressure pumping one other fluid that is higher than described first pressure.
19, tubing according to claim 18, it is characterized in that, this tubing also comprises a closed-loop system, and this closed-loop system comprises that the device (described signal indication a certain drilling parameter) and of a sensor that is fixed on described tubing sidewall, by described tubing transmission electric signal control the controller of a described fluid according to described electric signal.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105650 CN1010422B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Drill pipes and castings utilizing mult-conduit tubulars |
| CN 90106628 CN1018749B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1990-07-31 | Method of managing prodn. well |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105650 CN1010422B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Drill pipes and castings utilizing mult-conduit tubulars |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106628 Division CN1018749B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1990-07-31 | Method of managing prodn. well |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1039464A CN1039464A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| CN1010422B true CN1010422B (en) | 1990-11-14 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87105650 Expired CN1010422B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1987-08-03 | Drill pipes and castings utilizing mult-conduit tubulars |
| CN 90106628 Expired CN1018749B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1990-07-31 | Method of managing prodn. well |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106628 Expired CN1018749B (en) | 1987-08-03 | 1990-07-31 | Method of managing prodn. well |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (2) | CN1010422B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085772C (en) * | 1999-07-15 | 2002-05-29 | 江苏石油勘探局石油工程技术研究院 | Parameters design method for mechanically oil-producing technology with rod pump. |
| US7320370B2 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2008-01-22 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Automatic downlink system |
| CA2783764C (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2017-08-15 | Fiberspar Corporation | System and methods for removing fluids from a subterranean well |
| MX2013000387A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-03-22 | Sunstone Technologies Llc | Method for extracting hydrocarbons by in-situ electromagnetic heating of an underground formation. |
| IES20100726A2 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-09-28 | Reelwell As | Method for continuous formation core sampling |
| US9080427B2 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2015-07-14 | General Electric Company | Seabed well influx control system |
| CN102704908B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2015-06-03 | 西南石油大学 | Split-flow automatic control system of coal bed methane horizontal branch well and process thereof |
| CN103470201B (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2017-05-10 | 通用电气公司 | Fluid control system |
| CN104947647B (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-05-08 | 同济大学 | A kind of recyclable drilling real-time measurement apparatus |
| CN108343390A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-07-31 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Construction project hole construction dust collector and its application method |
| CN108894735B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2024-03-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Bottom hole pressure and temperature data acquisition nipple |
| CN110441208B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-06-26 | 乐清市钜派企业管理咨询有限公司 | Tracking monitoring well of landfill seepage-proofing system and arrangement method thereof |
| CN111335846B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2022-10-25 | 贵阳鑫睿材料科技有限公司 | Coal bed gas exploitation well-flushing equipment |
| CN114109367B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-07-25 | 四川轻化工大学 | Method and system for monitoring annular liquid level of well bore |
| CN115992658B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-05-16 | 山东成林石油工程技术有限公司 | Multi-pass jet flow blocking removal oil extraction device and use method |
-
1987
- 1987-08-03 CN CN 87105650 patent/CN1010422B/en not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-07-31 CN CN 90106628 patent/CN1018749B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1018749B (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| CN1048076A (en) | 1990-12-26 |
| CN1039464A (en) | 1990-02-07 |
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