CN101021062A - Stereo in-situ ecological urban water system repairing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The stereo in-situ ecological urban water system repairing process tackles polluted water via the quantitative analysis on the water. The technological scheme includes physical simulation and mathematic model analysis, microbe inoculation and culture, constituting refluxing ecological filter bed, purification with biocarrier, artificial aeration, purifying upper water, pre-treatment in the blow down port, establishing water ecological system balance, perfecting water environment data, etc. The present invention realizes the comprehensive tackling of urban water system.

Description

Urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method.Being a kind of method of administering contaminated water channel and water body thereof, is a kind of utilization physics, and the analytical method of mathematics is in conjunction with the method for the polluted-water in contaminated water channels of the several different methods comprehensive regulation such as biology, mechanical device and the water channel.

Background technology

Water bodys such as river, city small stream irrigation canals and ditches are main elements of urban ecological system, have water supply, control flood and drain flooded fields, go sightseeing and the important function of maintaining ecological balance.In recent years, along with socio-economic development, the Urbanization in China paces are constantly accelerated, the part water body is by lane change, when filling and leading up, enter in the small stream irrigation canals and ditches of river, city without industrial wastewater, agricultural effluent, the daily life sewage effectively handled in a large number, cause the rapid deterioration of the water body environment of river small stream irrigation canals and ditches, supply water, control flood and drain flooded fields, go sightseeing and the important function of maintaining ecological balance descends rapidly, make it to become an important bottleneck of restriction socio-economic development.

Pollution situation: also more and more higher along with human living standard's raising to the desired value of Urban Water Environment quality, to the degree of concern of water environment pollution problem also in continuous enhancing.According to investigation result, in the water body in 138 cities of flowing through of monitoring, the water body that meets II, III class water quality standard only accounts for 23%, and the water body that meets the IV class standard accounts for 19%, the water body that meets V class water quality standard accounts for 20%, and the water body of super V class water quality standard is up to 38%.90% water body of flowing through the city does not meet the drinking water source standard, 75% city lake waters eutrophication, and 50% urban groundwater is subjected to serious pollution.Half impounded body (beheaded river) more than 90% is in black smelly state, and degree of contamination is also in further aggravation.

From the investigation analysis, the contaminated reason of urban water system mainly contains:

1., in the Process of Urbanization, sewer system is unsound, the dirty shunting of rain not exclusively, it is not thorough to cut dirt, along with the ever-increasing while sewage treatment capacity of total amount of sewage discharge fails to grow simultaneously, cause urban water-body in a disguised form to become and admit and pollute body and exceed its self-purification capacity, water quality also worse and worse;

2., relevant department drops into great amount of manpower and material resources, financial resources have been implemented the water body engineering control, owing to unilateral emphasize flood control, draining adopt hard materials such as concrete, stone masonry to build maintenance project, though improve impact resistance and durability effect. from ecological view, but cut off organic association between water, air, soil, plant, the biology, broken the ecological homeostasis in the water body.A series of management measures such as the drainage of taking, desilting, section dirt though got certain effect, have been ignored the function of the ecological recovery of water body, finally cause river, city, small stream, ditch, water in a canal body to dig darker and darker, administer black more more;

3., because resident's environmental consciousness weakness, supervision are not enough, cause the part water area refuse in heaps, current are not smooth, the water body capacity is more and more littler, water body begins eutrophication, fouling, blackout, forms black and odorous water. give the ambient water environmental landscape and the resident is healthy, life, work have brought serious threat.

4. urban water-body itself has that catchment area is little, the weak characteristics of the few and regulating power of the exchange water yield, and since water body and surrounding environment get in touch closely, contaminated having a big risk, ecosystem fragility is easily polluted.

China's urban water system is seriously polluted, nowadays, the recovery technique of polluted-water mainly contains cuts dirty technology, bed mud dredging and bed mud soverlay technique, artificial oxygenation technology, artificial bank vegetation technique, diversion dirt removal technology and bioremediation technology etc., but the construction construction of taking to cut dirt, bed mud dredging and bed mud covering, artificial oxygenation, diversion dirt removal and bank vegetation buffer strip all belongs to auxiliary engineering means to a certain extent, can not thoroughly improve water quality.Facts have proved, only adopt municipal engineering means such as cutting dirt, revetment, desilting can't thoroughly solve river polluted problem, but at present in it is administered, also seldom adopt river course bioremediation technology and ecological recovery technology, though the black smelly pollution of river in existing bioremediation technology applying portion city is administered, also be no lack of the successful case report, but technical solution is still stable, ripe inadequately, the problems such as blindness of the unicity of ubiquity technological means, the unpredictability of effect and application.Needs along with China's urban development, urban water-body is administered the raising of requirement and technical level, bioremediation technology will have extensive use and be worth as the environmental pollution treatment technology of a kind of small investment, instant effect, environmental protection in urban water system is administered.Bioremediation technology is an emerging in recent years knocker border biotechnology, and 20th century, the mid-80 developed country was just studied bioremediation technology, and had finished some and put into practice treatment project, and the result shows that bioremediation technology is effectively, and is feasible.U.S. Nature and Man worker biological restoration research association (NABIR) thinks that biological restoration is contained hazardous contaminant such as the effect degraded soil, water body, residue by biology and makes its minimizing, innoxious, resource.Chinese scholar proposes to utilize plant or microorganism with special physiological biochemical function to repair contaminated medium (soil, water body) in position; Applying biological is handled or the biological cycle process reduces by well-designed and rational Application or block pollution sources to viewpoints such as environment directly discharge.China's urban water system is seriously polluted, facts have proved, only adopt municipal engineering means such as cutting dirt, revetment, desilting can't thoroughly solve river polluted problem, but at present in it is administered, also seldom adopt river course bioremediation technology and ecological recovery technology, though the black smelly pollution of river in existing bioremediation technology applying portion city is administered, also is no lack of the successful case report, but technical solution is still stable, ripe inadequately, the problems such as blindness of the unicity of ubiquity technological means, the unpredictability of effect and application.Needs along with China's urban development, urban water-body is administered the raising of requirement and technical level, bioremediation technology will have extensive use and be worth as the environmental pollution treatment technology of a kind of small investment, instant effect, environmental protection in urban water system is administered.1996, China begins to carry out on a large scale the test (it is exactly an example that uses bioremediation technology that Suzhou River is administered) that bioremediation technology is administered Urban Water Environment, America and Europe and Japan wait some experts to participate in the Shanghai Suzhou River and prop up river purification repairing test, begun to take shape Urban Water Environment bioremediation technology with Chinese characteristics, simultaneously, some problems of existence and difficulty are used and promoted to this technology.

Biological restoration is the technology of interdisciplinary fields.Use the comprehensive of multi-door subject knowledges such as chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, environmental ecology, botany, pedology, hydrogeology, Environmental Engineering and toxicity study.When the Urban Water Environment bioremediation technology is comprehensive utilization biological restoration principle microbial project, Environmental Engineering, hydraulic engineering, agricultural etc. are combined, according to the different water environment in city, climatic environment, geographical environment, the different technical combinations of employing, give top priority to what is the most important and the key technology core carry out biological restoration and ecological management.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is at above situation, for thoroughly solving water pollution problems, by to different situations such as water pollution source distribution, hydrodynamics feature, source quality situation, sediment pollution situation, pollution of area source distribution, sections, different water body biological restoration treatment effects have nothing in common with each other, and its mechanism of action, accommodation, service condition etc. are carried out quantitative study.Utilize manual simulation's research platform, pollution sources distribution, bed mud and the water condition of simcity water body, hydrodynamics condition etc., application conditions, effect and technical combinations mode to water environment biological restoration key technology are carried out quantitative study, on this basis, the biological restoration Mathematical Modeling is proposed, and select a corresponding entity to carry out pilot scale, by pilot scale, constantly physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling are verified and investigated comprehensive regulation polluted water bodies such as final combining environmental engineering, management engineering.The present invention is that a cover is administered the stereo in-situ ecological reestablishment system that urban water system pollutes.Described system has obtained the different successful cases of polluting the water body treating of character in a plurality of cities of last sea otter Zhu Gang, ZhangZhou Pu Tougang or the like.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method, and process is described step:

Physical analogy and mathematics model analysis;

The high-effective microorganism inoculated and cultured;

The structure reverse-flow type is ecological filter bed; Bio-carrier purifies; The oxygenation of artificial oxygenation equipment;

Overlying water purifies; The sewage draining exit preliminary treatment;

Set up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp;

Endogenous pollution control digestion;

Aquatic filter feeder is cultivated and is thrown in control;

The water ecosystem equilibrium establishment;

Improve the water body environment data.

Substep in described physical analogy and the mathematics model analysis step:

Set up manual simulation's water body;

Measure under the technical condition such as biological oxidation of sediment, water body biological restoration, chinampa formula compound bio filter bed water body, the various physical and chemical indexs of bed mud and biofacies in the river model;

Set up polluted-water biological restoration Mathematical Modeling;

Checking and correction physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling.

Described high-effective microorganism is to contain hay bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, Cellulomonas, dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseuomonas denitrifican, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria etc. to have high activity, microorganism fungus kind that biochemical ability is strong.

Described reverse-flow type complex ecological filter bed is made up of filter bed framework, biologic packing material, collecting system, complex ecological plant; Described bedstead is arranged in the bed mud base soil layer in the water and forms the groove structure of an opening with the riverbank, is provided with collecting system in filter bed, fills with biologic packing material in the described filter bed framework, and described complex ecological plant growing is on described filter bed filler.

What described artificial oxygenation equipment used is aeration oxygen increasing machine.

Substep in the described sewage draining exit pre-treatment step:

The quantity of the blowdown flow rate of investigation sewage draining exit and water quality and investigation sewage draining exit and sewage quantity, water quality, the height at the dried up end of sewage draining exit of blowdown, each formed contaminated zone of blowdown area;

Bed mud situation around the investigation sewage draining exit, whether cement, slabstone sclerosis or soil layer construction are arranged, if the water body after the sclerosis of cement, slabstone, the sewage draining exit preliminary treatment frame of employing is to be that the frame construction of material is fixed in the riverbank with stainless steel tube or riglet, forms " recessed " type treatment pond;

According to displacement, water quality etc. are designed the volume of treatment pond;

The peace ratio is filled cobble, haydite, cinder, zeolite ratio successively and is in the middle of " recessed " type groove:

3: 2: 2: 1, the particle diameter of filler is 1～7mm, up to being parallel to the water surface;

Adopt that biologic packing material is parallel to be hung in the reaction tank in " recessed " type groove, density is 40 squares/cubic metre;

In populated processing reaction pond, water plants such as plantation parasol grass, canna, calamus, wild rice stem are 20～30 public plantations by spacing.

Described biologic packing material is formed by 100% polypropylene woven.

Substep in the described step of setting up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp:

Set up the substep of artificial floating island:

Set up floating bed; The employing blue or green bamboo headtotail of becoming a useful person forms a framework that falls " field " shape;

Set up at the bottom of the frame; Adopt the fleece of high branch, the aperture is 5mm, smooth being fixed at the bottom of the framework, and fixing with No. 0.3 nylon rope along the binding of bamboo frame;

Fill bottom, in forming an opening frame, fill lightweight floating body materials such as the porous ceramic grain of 120/square centimeter of void content average out to and coke slag, and use through the shop solidating of high density coconut fiber rug surely, prevent that filler from leaking outside;

Fill the upper strata, highdensity coconut fiber rug tiling and fixing is adopted on the upper strata, in order to avoid the part haydite drops out the floating bed framework, is that 5 centimeters circle spacing is 30 centimeters punchings with radius on coconut fiber rug;

Treat under the floating bed behind the water that planting aquatic plants in the hole includes the burnt parasol grass of beauty, water plants such as cattail.

Set up the substep of artificial swamp:

Select the artificial swamp position;

Fixed mount is set, and in position, water body contact position, adopting bore is 12～15cm pine bar, be parallel to side by side the riverbank fixing with bed mud in, the pine spacing is 3～5cm;

Fill filler, filler is mainly mixing such as cobble, haydite, zeolite, cinder, and grain diameter is about 5～8cm;

Planting aquatic plants, floristics includes: canna, parasol grass, reed, wild rice stem, calamus, arrowhead etc.

The substep that is comprised in the described endogenous pollution control digestion:

The indigenous microorganism inoculated and cultured; Bioactivation is short gives birth to;

Bed mud internal contamination digestion control uses target to handle.

Described aquatic filter feeder is cultivated the substep of throwing in the control step:

The surface layer filter-feeding fish is cultivated in domestication, selects silver carp, bighead, Tilapia mossambica etc. to cultivate and tames and throw in;

The filter-feeding zoobenthos is cultivated in domestication, and freshwater mussel, spiral shell are cultivated domestication and thrown in;

By controlling of filter-feeding fish → zooplankter, plant → nutriment, shorten food chain, accelerate transmission speed;

By regularly animal being salvaged, catches or organizing form such as fish, control its existence amount, purify water, improve ecosystem structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention will pass by the method for single improvement polluted river channel by the means of seriation and carry out synthetic innovation, realize the comprehensive regulation in river course.

Set up a municipal pollution water body biological restoration physical model and Mathematical Modeling, will accelerate the utilization of bioremediation technology in the municipal pollution water body greatly, make its means variation, technical combinations targeted, effect can prediction.In the present most of developed area municipal water pollution control theory of China by engineering control when biological treating, ecological management direction change, native system and formed municipal water thereof are polluted biological restoration and stereo in-situ ecological recovery technical system, to overcome the blindness that bioremediation technology is used, and make China's city river water pollution control break away from the present situation of high investment, poor efficiency.

That sets up digests control technology with endogenous pollution, high-effective microorganism purifies, biological restoration such as reverse-flow type compound bio filter bed and ecological recovery key technology are main, auxiliary with the management engineering technology is system, this system has been successfully applied to many city black and odorous waters and has administered, particularly endogenous pollution digests control technology, technology such as sewage draining exit preliminary treatment, problems such as the biological safety of the inoculating microbe input technology that traditional biological restoration adopts and effect instability have been broken through, belong to structure and application innovation, making bioremediation technology be widely used in city river improvement becomes possibility.

Can't cut dirty city and the area of receiving pipe also not building Wastewater Treatment Plant or existing Wastewater Treatment Plant the short time, utilize ecological reestablishment can effectively reduce the original pollution index of water body, improve the self-purification capacity and the environment capacity of water body.Water body after the raising self-purification capacity, water environment capacity increases, and can effectively decompose and absorb the nutritive salt that continuously flows into, and the water of its outflow reaches the secondary discharge standard of Wastewater Treatment Plant, helps the long-term maintenance of the whole water quality in river course.

All human activities all must rely on the ecological environment of being perched, and the ecosystem provides the most basic required physical resources of being engaged in vairious activities for the mankind provide the existence maintenance system.Can alleviate urban water-body by biological restoration and give negative effect and the environment stress that periphery is commercial, bring the residential zone, also beautify environment, produce good urban water-body ecoscape effect because of polluting.Clear dark green green, riotous with colour, the fountain sight of flowering marsh plants, running water oxygenation, fish move about, present the thriving energetic scene of a slice, constitute artificial nature's ecoscape of a width of cloth beauty, promoted the ecological level of The Surroundings in Cities, have high social benefit and environmental benefit.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done further narration.

Fig. 1 method theory diagram of the present invention:

The specific embodiment

The municipal pollution water body only rely on to cut municipal engineering means such as a dirt, revetment, desilting, simple certain microorganism formulation in improvement, it is unpractical that Urban Water Environment is administered in measures such as simple artificial oxygenation facility or the plantation of water plant layout, also is impossible.Thoroughly solving water pollution problems has only by its pollution sources distribution of water body, hydrodynamics feature, source quality situation, sediment pollution situation, pollution of area source distribution, section etc. and has nothing in common with each other, different water body biological restoration treatment effects have nothing in common with each other, and must carry out quantitative study to its mechanism of action, accommodation, service condition etc.Utilize manual simulation's research platform, pollution sources distribution, bed mud and the water condition of simcity water body, hydrodynamics condition etc., application conditions, effect and technical combinations mode to water environment biological restoration key technology are carried out quantitative study, on this basis, propose the biological restoration Mathematical Modeling, and select corresponding entity to carry out pilot scale, by pilot scale, constantly physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling are verified and investigated comprehensive regulation polluted water bodies such as final combining environmental engineering, management engineering.The present invention is by the foundation of physics and Mathematical Modeling, feasibility, the application conditions of the various bioremediation technologies of quantitative study in river regulation, and predict its effect, form urban water-body bioremediation technology system a whole set of advanced person, that have China's characteristic, make biological restoration improvement technology municipal pollution treatment more effectively extensive use become possibility, and can improve the success rate of improvement greatly, can be country simultaneously and save a large amount of investments and produce huge economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefits.Method of the present invention is the technological package system, high-effective microorganism purification technics, reverse-flow type complex ecological filter bed technology, endogenous pollution control digestion techniques, sewage draining exit preconditioning technique, biomembrane purification technology, artificial oxygenation combination technique, functional ecological chinampa technology, gravity flow artificial swamp technology, aquatic filter feeder control algae technology are arranged, simulation and mathematics model analysis technology etc. are organically combined, by different actual conditions to water body, select the combination technique emphasis, optimize, efficiently repair the municipal pollution water body.Groundwork step of the present invention may be summarized to be:

Physical analogy and mathematics model analysis; The high-effective microorganism inoculated and cultured; The structure reverse-flow type is ecological filter bed; Bio-carrier purifies; The oxygenation of artificial oxygenation equipment; Overlying water purifies; The sewage draining exit preliminary treatment; Set up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp; Endogenous pollution control digestion; The control of water body environment food chain; The water ecosystem equilibrium establishment; Improve the water body environment data.

(1) physical analogy and mathematics model analysis:

Foundation by physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling, quantitative study sewage draining exit preconditioning technique, endogenous pollution control digestion techniques, reverse-flow type complex ecological filter bed technology, functional ecological chinampa technology, the artificial oxygenation combination technique, the high-effective microorganism purification technics, the biomembrane purification technology, gravity flow artificial swamp technology, aquatic filter feeder control algae technology and ecological recovery key technology application conditions, effect, compound mode, repair pilot scale by water bodys such as river, city small stream irrigation canals and ditches, further verify physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling, overcome the unicity of the technological means of bioremediation technology in urban water-body is administered, the unpredictability of effect and the problems such as blindness of application.

Set up manual simulation river course research platform, the river small stream irrigation canals and ditches bed mud in the simcity, water body, pollution sources distribution, water body fluidised form, tidal regime etc.; Utilize this research platform endogenous pollution to be controlled key technology application conditions, effect, compound modes such as digestion techniques, water body biological restoration, reverse-flow type compound bio filter bed and carry out quantitative study and assessment.Set up urban water-body biological restoration Mathematical Modeling according to physical analogy, the various biological restoration key technology effects that quantitative description and prediction have been developed; Set up the corresponding digital system, every technical indicator is converted into arithemetic unit and organically combines is a whole set of control system.System removes low mud and attaches most importance to harness the river, and takes into account each point, line, surface source, by numerical control monitoring, numerical control improvement, numerical control management, Mathematical Modeling is verified again, finally accomplishes accurate improvement.

At first, set up manual simulation's water body one cover: long about 150 meters of simulation water body, wide about 1.2 meters, by 2 groups, 6 each sections of 25 meters are formed, and centre or both sides are provided with various biological processing units, be concrete structure at the bottom of the river course, can arbitrarily insert different bed muds and test; Along the river 20 disposal of pollutants points are established in the road at least, and each emission point random distribution can be simulated the river course hydrodynamic condition by the reservoir before and after the model and water pump, pipe-line system, each 100 tons of the reservoir water retention capacitys of front and back, and simulation river flow velocity is 0--20m ³/ h.With waiting that the bed mud of studying water body inserts the simulation river course, according to the hydraulic characteristic of waiting to study water body, control simulation water body discharge and flow velocity form urban water-body biological restoration analog study platform.

Measure under the biological restoration key technology service conditions such as biological oxidation of sediment, water body biological restoration, chinampa formula compound bio filter bed water body, the various physical and chemical indexs of bed mud and biofacies in the river model:

1.. polluted-water physical and chemical index: Do, BOD, COD, NH3-N, NO-2-N, NO-3-N, SO2-4, PO3-4, TC, TS, TN, TSS or the like.

2. polluted-water biological indicator: the kind quantity of bacterium, algae and microfauna, dominance, the applied molecular biology technology detects and dynamic analysis.

3.. bed mud diffusate physical and chemical index: TC, TS, TN, DRP, BOD, CODcr, H2S, NH3-N, SO2-4 etc.

4. bed mud biological indicator: with the polluted-water biological indicator.

On the basis of water body PHYSICAL MODELING OF IN, set up polluted-water biological restoration Mathematical Modeling.

Administer pilot scale by the polluted-water biological restoration, verify and correction physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling, sum up the specific embodiments of a cover polluted-water biological restoration.

(2) high-effective microorganism inoculated and cultured:

High-effective microorganism is played the part of crucial role in the present invention, and described high-effective microorganism is to contain hay bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, Cellulomonas, dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseuomonas denitrifican, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria etc. to have high activity, microorganism fungus kind that biochemical ability is strong.These bacterial classifications are through screening and cultivate formation biologically active bacteria preparation.

Biologically active bacteria preparation in the municipal pollution water body treating technology is an a kind of environmental protection and economy type Cenozoic product, originates from the 1950's, from the seventies scope of application enlarged gradually.China is applied to wastewater treatment to microorganism and starts from the mid-80 in last century, mainly selects under the natural environmental condition bacterial strain through artificial screening.In the later stage nineties, some domestic DSMZs and some larger biotech firms just by simple genetic engineering processing, are amplified the specificity of the bacterial classification that natural separation comes out.Be used for the composite flora that the multiple microorganism of the big polyphyly of efficient degrading bacteria of biological restoration mixes at present, high-efficiency activated microorganism contains hay bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, Cellulomonas, dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseuomonas denitrifican, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, be the strain excellent of natural bacterial strain after the secondary improvement, be widely used in fields such as sewerage treatment, mud decrement, river course, lake quality recovery through screening.Employed composite bacteria preparation in the present embodiment, include multiple microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, actinomyces, nitrifier, through test, the organic matter of COD, BOD, NH3-N, TP and the bed mud of water body all there is very strong Degradation and Transformation effect to serious organic pollution water course such as Long Zhugang, the Cao Xihe in Shanghai, ZhangZhou Pu Tougang water body.

The active bacteria preparation of employed high-effective microorganism contains hay bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, Cellulomonas, dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseuomonas denitrifican, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria etc. and has high activity, microorganism fungus kind that biochemical ability is strong in the present embodiment.

Domestication is cultivated:

1. be used for the every 200mg/LBOD of bacterial classification that mud raises and train and add 2-6ppm.

2. be used for municipal sewage treatment, drop into 1-2ppm every day.

3. be used for that industrial waste water handles, every 200mg/LBOD adds the N of the every 100mg/LBOD of 2-3ppm.: P to be kept 5: 1.

4. be used for organic wastes, every 200mg/LBOD adds 1ppm.

Mode of occupation:

1. according to situations such as the water yield of polluted-water, water quality (COD, BOD, TN, TP, DO, SS, PH etc.), silting thickness, judge the amount of using high-effective microorganism.

2. give the water body oxygenation to DO＞2 by aeration system.Behind the 0mg/L, regularly render in the water body uniformly with doser.

3. by the injected volume of tracking and monitoring water quality, adjustment bacteria preparation, wherein, note many inputs an amount of in the heavily contaminated zone, strengthen local biochemical effect.

4. if water temperature is below 10 ℃, the biochemical efficiency of microbial bacteria will weaken greatly, and therefore, if under the situation at the inclined to one side end of water temperature, adjustment release time and place that can appropriateness guarantee the clean-up effect of microorganism.

Advantage has:

(1) advanced technology.Its microniological proudcts are the natural bacterial strain strain excellents after the secondary improvement through screening.It with selected natural bacterial strain through functional screening, again with the bacterium maternal plant through processing such as ultraviolet ray, the amino oxidation purine of azo, gene is changed.Based on security consideration, improved treatment is an object with the bacterial strain with special nature, rather than get not clear bacterial strain or its arbitrarily the bacterial strain biological nature is immature and improved the bacterial strain that screening has characteristic and can exist from the bacterial strain of handling because of engineering through simple radical in specific waste water.Screening process is to carry out continuously on single carbon source culture medium, again through improveing dosage escalation to strengthen strain characteristic.Strain excellent through filtering out, their safety, stability, efficient and bacterial strain fertility all present good characteristic.The application experience that has patented technology advanced in the world and enrich maintains an edge in the microorganism formulation field product at home and abroad for a long time.

(2) have nearly 30 years research and development history, after this product maturation constantly improves development.Product is that multiple flora is compound, and various product series is arranged; Wide spectrum, the scope of application is wide, the Product Marketing whole world; Being used for polluted river, lake, Wastewater Treatment Plant etc. abroad has many successful stories, the dirty dragon's pool of Beijing of China Liangma river, Nanjing, on different pollution type water body treatings such as sea otter Zhu Gang, ZhangZhou Pu Tougang all achieve success.

(3) preparation is active strong, and treatment effect is good.Can breed rapidly in polluted-water, every milliliters of liquid is reaching 5 * 10 without the viable count before the aeration activation ⁷More than, biologically active is splendid.Process at degradation of organic substances, the catabolite that is a kind of bacterial classification becomes the food of another kind of bacterial classification, thereby reaches quick raising sewage treating efficiency, and the COD clearance reached more than 70% in 24 hours, have the organic matter decomposition of promotion, quicken to remove Toxic and difficult decomposed substance, no stink metabolism produces.Remove the remarkable result of black deodorizing.Simultaneously, have the dissolved oxygen of raising utilization ratio, fireballing characteristics take effect.Can propose tool according to the concrete condition of environment and fill a prescription targetedly, highly difficult organic sewage and the high-ammonia-nitrogen sewage that can't handle conventional method have unique treatment effect.

(4) can promote the mud flco to form, the flco material is decomposed effectively, thereby reduces sludge quantity.

(5) easy and simple to handle.Get final product with the river course of directly splashing after suitable quantity of water dilution, the activation.

(6) high safety.In non-designated environment (as the water body after being purified) can be for want of " nutrition " and disappear automatically molten (be difficult for existence or degradation take place) can not produce secondary pollution; Obtained the inspection-free permission of Europe, the U.S. and Japanese environment office.

(7) add the number of times form that tapers off, form good ecologic balance environment.

(8) through more than a year field trial, respond well.Zhangzhou City Environmental Protection Agency, water conservancy bureau cooperate with the Lian Mei of Quanzhou City Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, enclose in Pu Tougang new city garden section in July, 2004 and have built an about 180m of water body ³Water treatment experimental area (in Tou Gang cofferdam, Pu) added high-efficiency activated microbial bacteria preparation first on July 30 in the Pu Tougang cofferdam, and entrusted Zhangzhou City environmental monitoring station that experimental area water quality is carried out the tracing property monitoring.The result shows that through 3～6 months improvement, water quality had clear improvement; Improvement to 2005 year May, water quality reaches national surface water environmental standard V class water quality substantially, and it is about 35% that bed mud descends, and water correction is more obvious, wherein improves the most obvious with the dissolved oxygen index.Test and tracking and monitoring result see table for details.Tou Gang experimental area, Pu water quality is followed the tracks of the table of comparisons (mg/L)

	In the cofferdam	69.38	7.39	1.47	23.89	1.27	0.82
								April 7	Outside the cofferdam	98.5	7.45	＜0.2	24.10	1.50	0.92
In the cofferdam	38.8	7.28	5.20	10.10	0.44	0.64
							July 12		Outside the cofferdam	84.8	7.32	＜0.2	32.59	1.34	0.98
In the cofferdam	31.9	7.12	2.61	6.84	0.36	0.57
								Analytical method		The GB11914-89 dichromate titration	The GB920-86 glass electrode method	The GB7489-87 iodimetric titration	GB7489-87 dilution and cultivation	GB11893-89 ammonium molybdate AAS	The fixed point actual measurement
Surface water environment quality V class standard GB3838-2002		≤50	6～9	≥2.0	≤10	≤0.4

(3) the structure reverse-flow type is ecological filter bed:

To rebuild former pollution river body during to the restoration of the ecosystem of urban water system original position, establish the good environment of beneficial microorganism and aquatic animals and plants thereof growth.The complex ecological filter bed is made of jointly biologic packing material, water plant, filter bed low suspension compound bio filler in water etc., be made as the framework of filter bed with the pine stake, establish collecting system with pvc pipe in the filter bed, utilize the power of reflux pump the circulation of filter bed; As the compound bio filler, plant water purification plants such as water lily with zeolite, haydite, shale, cobble proportioning on filler, its function is equivalent to dynamic compound wet land system.Plant species in the filter bed, microorganism and porous filler play critical effect in the purification of water quality process.Very water and floating plant take root in bed body filler, water regularly flows through from filler and root system by the power of reflux pump, when bed body filler is supported these plants, the growth of root system spreads and can increase water permeability between filler, plant according to the science collocation all has hollow tubulose rhizome, as calamus, water lily, wild rice stem etc., help the conveying of oxygen to each layer unlike material filler inside, the inner microorganism of assurance bed body is normally brought into play the metabolism of self.

In the complex ecological filter bed, what play key core is the biochemical action of the rich microorganism that amasss, and form different purification microenvironments, can be divided into two classes: a kind of for anaerobic reaction, concentrate on the filler away from plant roots district and gas-liquid contact surface, biomembrane internal layer etc., generation be anaerobic reaction, on near the filler the gas-liquid contact surface, its bio-film colonization layer inside forms the anaerobic district owing to the diffusion mass transfer effect has stoped the infiltration of dissolved oxygen, and anaerobic reaction takes place.Can be decomposed into organic acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane etc. by anaerobic bacteria, fungi by biochemical organic matter in the water, and transform the synthetic cell material, enter the next round metabolism cycle.And aerobic reaction because dissolved oxygen is comparatively sufficient, takes place in the top layer.Microorganism with oxygen or NO2 as electron acceptor, the organic matter of the resolvability in the oxidation Decomposition water body, concurrent calicheization or anti-nitration reaction produce carbon dioxide, water, nitrate product.Selected plant has absorption, conversion capability preferably to the phosphorus in the water body simultaneously, and through monitoring, the phosphorus content of water body in the return duct water outlet obviously reduces, and illustrated to have removal effect preferably.Phosphorus is the necessary nutrient of plant growing, and growth of plant and harvesting are the important way of dephosphorization.

The complex ecological filter bed is a kind of novel vertical current constructed wetland system, its characteristics:

1. ecological filter bed directly being arranged in the small stream trench of river, and be immersed in the water, need not take surrounding space and upgrade water distribution system, river directly flows automatically, and by being arranged in the collecting system in riverbed, adopts reflux pump directly to be back to the upstream of water body;

2. filter bed compounded mix, several fillers collocation are used, and the collocation plant can be improved the absorption of kind of plant to phosphorus, nitrogen; Simultaneously cut-off filter suspended solid or deposit to a body bottom improves the transparency of water body;

3. microbe inoculation increases the diversity of microorganism to the high activity microbial inoculant after adapting to, taming in downstream to heavily contaminated place, upstream, improves the ability of degradation of contaminant;

4. accelerate to flow, backflow can be accelerated the flowability in river course, reaches fluidised form control effect.The static easier long algae of water body so accelerate to flow, can suppress algae grows speed;

5. help the bed mud oxidation, accelerate water body and flow, accelerate the contact action of muddy water intersection, can allow the faster and better degradation of contaminant of microorganism of bed mud like this, make the river course form the integral body of an organic circulation, reach the perfect of full river channel ecology system;

6. filter bed and river course plug-flow aeration system organically combine, can directly be back to the upstream, river course through the biochemistry filtered water body of filter bed by return duct, be connected ecological filter bed collecting system with reflux pump, through the water body after ecological filter bed biochemical the decomposition, be connected to the river course to the upstream with return duct, form a circulating system.Reflux pump is not common water pump, and it is to transform by us to form, and long service life, power consumption is little, efficient is high, and return duct adopts pvc pipe, in sinking and the water, does not influence whole view.

(4) artificial oxygenation equipment oxygenation:

River, city small stream irrigation canals and ditches eutrophication in addition black smelly be the universal phenomenon of China's urban water-body, the dissolved oxygen content deficiency is to cause water body to deceive smelly major reason.Dissolved oxygen in the water is mainly derived from the photosynthesis of air reaeration and water plant, and wherein the oxygen in the atmosphere is the main source of water body dissolved oxygen.And the river oxygen consumption mainly by solid-state organic pollutions such as the easy degradable organic pollutant biochemical oxygen consumption of reducing substances oxygen consumption, solubilised state and colloidal attitude, the nitrated oxygen consumption of ammonia nitrogen and river bottom mud, hardly degraded organic substance oxygen consumption (generally, the BOD of 1mg/L need consume the dissolved oxygen of 1.5-2mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen of 1mg/L then needs to consume the dissolved oxygen of 4.5mg/L).When water reoxygenation during less than oxygen consumption, water body and river bottom mud content of organics are too many, and dissolved oxygen depletion is too fast, and air reaeration and algae oxygen supply have little time to replenish, the dissolved oxygen of water body will descend gradually, and even approach exhaustion, organic decomposition decompose from aerobic and transfer the anaerobic decomposition to, the release of organic matter incomplete decomposing and a large amount of noxious materials, aquatic ecosystem is seriously damaged, the black smelly phenomenon of water body appears in water quality deterioration, can't recover voluntarily.Therefore, water reoxygenation directly has influence on the migration, diffusion, conversion, degraded of the water pollutant overall process until the self-cleaning of whole water body.

1, utilizes the synergy of physics, chemistry and biology in the immersed ecological filter bed natural ecosystems through the water body of strong oxidation aeration again, decompose the purification that realizes sewage by filtration, absorption, precipitation, ion-exchange, plant absorbing and microorganism.

2, need constantly to absorb oxygen during the pollutant of indigenous microorganism in decomposition water, if oxygen is limiting the capacity of decomposition of microorganism inadequately, so want the capacity of decomposition of artificial oxygenation raising microorganism.

3, various oxygen increasing equipments can be accelerated the exchange of levels water body, accelerate the flowability of water body, accelerate to decompose the algae that dies; Usually water body is a upper strata dissolved oxygen height, at the bottom of lower floor's dissolved oxygen, so logical waterwheel aerator can allow the water body dissolved oxygen be evenly distributed, helps the corpse of aerobic microbiological decomposing pollutant matter and algae.

4, artificial oxygenation can suppress the growth of anaerobe.A lot of anaerobes could be biological less than 1mg/l at dissolved oxygen, if just can't survive greater than 1mg/l; Water body black smelly mainly be anaerobe completely decomposing pollutant and produce hydrogen sulfide, sulfuration ammonia, methane, etc. noxious material, so artificial oxygenation can promote growth of aerobic microorganisms, it is black smelly to eliminate water body.

Aeration oxygen replenishing is the important way of water reoxygenation, and the selection of aerator, aeration mode, combination etc. are significant to the municipal pollution water body treating.Carried out comprehensive aeration test through aerator to four kinds of different aeration modes.The result shows, different oxygenation ways have different oxygenation efficient and remove black smelly effect water body with different combining structures, through being operation work, Waterwheel-type aerator, vane type aerator, lift-type aerator, submersible type aerator all can form one section or the green water band of a circle in the water body downstream, and 1.5KW Waterwheel-type aerator downstream becomes green section length and is 25.5m; 1.2KW becoming green section radius around the vane type aerator can reach and be 6.5m; 0.75KW lift-type aerator area also can reach 50.24 square metres; The jetting type aerator can not form the tangible green water surface in the same time, but draws from different water level depth DO mensuration, and the dissolved oxygen water body is even.Move from the work of single machine, no matter be that water body oxygenation effect, CODcr, NH3-N remove effect, still the foundation of water body bacteria-algal ecosystem, the startup of self-purification capacity, waterwheel aerator all is better than other three kinds of aerators, in experiment, find simultaneously to be combined in big blowdown place or the serious zone of degree of contamination of not cutting dirt by Waterwheel-type and vane type aerator, degrading high concentration wastewater through organic matter rapidly, sewage draining exit pretreatment pool water body is braked, increase the Combination that flows, improve treatment effect.

In addition, on oxygenation efficient, waterwheel aerator the best, water lift formula aerator and paddle aerator are secondly, waterwheel aerator particularly, can start the river course bacteria-algal ecosystem rapidly, and form one section long clean aerobic celadon section, make and handle unique view that the river course occurs in its downstream.Waterwheel aerator, paddle aerator, water lift formula aerator all are that employing is made the hydraulic jump of liquid phase fluid and formed the gas-liquid contact interface, its kinetic energy acts on the heavy liquid phase fluid motion, the lightweight gaseous fluid is passive contact, produce local continuous gas-liquid contact interface at impeller or near changeing brush (dish) stirring place, therefore has saponification, lubricant component in the separable water, purify water, increase dissolved oxygen, the impurity such as organic debris that bottom can have been deposited do not stir floating, also have current powerful, the dissolved oxygen height, noise is few.Vane type aerator rotating speed is too fast, based on vertical stirring, river bottom mud is had necessarily stir floating effect, increases the impurity concentration in the water, has influenced water quality, but can accelerate river bottom mud oxidative degradation; Water lift formula aerator makes water body form troposphere up and down, hazardous substancess such as the ammonia nitrogen of bottom, river course, sulfide are upwards shifted, thereby oxidation removal or overflow the water surface is passed to oxygen the bottom, river course simultaneously, reaches the purpose of the quality of purifying waste water; Waterwheel aerator is then based on horizontal plug-flow, and is few to the river bottom mud stirring, oxygenation efficient height; Jet aerator is to rely on jet liquid phase fluid suction gaseous fluid and form the gas-liquid contact interface, though have stronger mass transfer ability and cutting stirring action, because its fluid jet nozzle is positioned at the bottom, river course, stir big especially to river bottom mud, its oxygenation effect is mainly used in the chemical oxidation and biochemical decomposition of river bottom mud pollutant reducing substances, the aeration oxygen replenishing of the middle-size and small-size few bed mud of incompatibility.There are small investment, convenient for installation and maintenance, advantage such as operating cost is low simultaneously.Be adapted to the improvement of the middle-size and small-size water body in outskirts of a town that the water body face is narrow, current slow, section dirty difficulty is big.The employed artificial oxygenation equipment of present embodiment is aeration oxygen increasing machine.

(5) overlying water purifies:

It is the ten minutes critical step equally that overlying water purifies in the small stream irrigation canals and ditches water body stereo in-situ restoration of the ecosystem of entire city river.In the small stream irrigation canals and ditches ecological management process of river, city is the contradiction that will solve between lasting processing procedure and processing time and the space, i.e. slow the and continual contradiction of sewage that becomes a mandarin of the metabolism of microorganism.Cause that for fear of running off treatment effeciency reduces or, in the treatment process that overlying water purifies, adopt the biofilm carrier HF filler of a new generation for improving treatment effeciency because of microorganism species.

The HF filler is a kind of biofilm carrier that is formed by 100% polypropylene woven, and this filler has very big specific area.Since this kind filler not need by any mechanical facility that adds just can be in water continuous vibration and oscillation, unnecessary biomass can come off by nature, brings in constant renewal in the surface.Fabric filler is made by synthetic fibers, can anti-soil water and the erosion of chemicals, and its special welded construction, can prevent filler fracture and bonding that the growth owing to microbial film causes again.Can make the biomembrane that hangs up very thin (from clear effect) by the control shearing, can guarantee the reproductive capacity of microorganism maximum and improve its metabolic rate.The applicability of HP fixed bed fabric filler is very strong, almost is applicable to various types of sewage and bioreactor.The design of modular makes the HP filler both be easy to use in Wastewater Treatment Plant's capacity expansion project, also is easy to build new sewage treatment facility.Textile type filler particular structure can guarantee to obtain sufficient oxygen amount and biological nutrients on the sewage main flow direction.The aerator of HP system and substrate all are positioned on the main water (flow) direction, and the bubble of rising provides sufficient oxygen amount for biology, and oxygen absorption rate is particularly high.But examining report is pointed out the erosion of this filler anti-soil water and various other materials, and working life was at least 20 years, and the specific area of every square metre of fabric is about 250 square metres.

Another advantage of HF filler is that most biological flora is attached on the filler fabric in the reaction zone, even there is bigger variation therefore handled sewage composition moment, also can effectively obtain handling.Generally, strong hydrodynamic cleaning can reduce the treatment effeciency of conventional treatment process, and HF technology is not influenced by this but, because the characteristic of FABT has guaranteed that any moment all has enough biomass to exist in the reaction tank.Fixed biologically flora such as same " regenerator " can make reaction tank recover in a short period of time and reach the normal process state.Adopt this technology, even treating capacity increases 20%-25% suddenly, system still can operate as normal.

Engineering experience proves the sludge index (SVI) very low (50-70mg/l) of this technology, make the precipitability of suspended sludge obtain substantive the improvement, reduce because the raising of bacterial concentration, pond, aeration tank are held, handle the also corresponding reduction of construction cost of structure with running cost.Oxygen utilization coefficient (α value) is 0.95-1.0, that is the more conventional bio-carrier biofilm of the air requirements amount technology (α ≌ 0,7) of this technology is few, because the utilization rate of oxygen is than the common process height, thereby also greatly reduces running cost.

The miniature organism that the mechanism that biomembrane is handled is to use a high-effective microorganism through cultivating domestication and a class such as protozoan, metazoa is being bred on attached to filler or carrier under the condition of certain aeration aerating, owing to its apposition growth is difficult for being eaten by large-scale aquatic animal and fish, make that biomass becomes geometric progression to increase in the water body of unit volume, form gluey biological sludge, impregnated in the river water body.When sewage contacted with carrier, the Institute of Micro-biology's absorption on the nutrients suppressed by vector such as organic pollution wherein, algae, nitrogen, phosphorus, decomposing oxidation were purified contaminant water, and microorganism self also obtains breeding.The biologic packing material biofilm has treatment effect height, prolongation hydraulic detention time simultaneously, floor space is little, flexible for installation, volumetric loading is big, shock-resistant corrosivity by force, does not produce effects such as sludge bulking.Mud is through the shearing force effect, and aging film comes off automatically, convenient management, characteristics such as stable.

The biomembrance process course of reaction is: matrix is to biofilm surface diffusion → at ferment and catalyzer generation biochemical reaction → metabolism product discharge biomembrane of biomembrane diffusion inside → microorganism secretion.

The monitoring result of on-the-spot practical application draws, when polluted-water at water temperature 20-32 ℃, CODCR:120-230mg/L NH3-N:105-8.5mg/L is 2.2 hours in the water body time of staying, gas: water=0.6: 1, during DO:3-4.5mg/L, the removal effect that the biologic packing material biofilm is handled the CODCR in the polluted-water, NH3-N, turbidity, colourity can reach 60～90%, 45～70%, 80～90%, 30～60% respectively.Be a kind of simply, treatment technology efficiently.

(6) sewage draining exit preliminary treatment:

The sewage draining exit preconditioning technique with contact reactor as the pretreatment system of main sewage draining exit, stainless steel is made a framework, be fixed on above the steelframe with zinc-plated net, the double-layer structure of forming, nexine is installed an amount of area HF filler, skin is put cobble, haydite, shale, porous hard fillers such as zeolite are with the filling of getting up of 1: 1: 1 amount proportioning, interlayer filters by hard filler, absorption, effects such as oxidation, fixation of microbe and pollutant, and select for use the plantation resistant to have the water plant such as the aquatic canna of hollow tubulose root by force, sweat umbrella grass, wild rice stem, calamus etc. are purifying water body further, shifts the carbon in the water body, nitrogen, microcosmic salts etc. beautify water bank environment simultaneously; The sudden and violent tracheae of backwash tube micropore is laid by lower floor, guarantees that the bottom biochemical system carries out and prevent stopping up; Play the effect of a catalytic oxidation at internal layer, thereby skin is the pollutant of biochemistry filtered minimizing sewage draining exit, to the supporting small-sized oxygen increasing equipment of big sewage draining exit, can improve its oxidation efficiency.

Sewage draining exit preliminary treatment purification mechanism: moment is entered contain organic pollution in the sewage of water body and ammonia nitrogen is removed, the aerobic biofilter that its function is equivalent to connect, sewage at fluid in the process on bio-carrier of different nature surface,, by absorption, the diffusion of oxygen in film and the effects such as biological oxidation that in film, taken place organic pollution is decomposed attached to the biomembrane of carrier surface substrate.In each layer biofilm reactor, pollutant, dissolved oxygen and variously must will be diffused into biofilm surface through liquid phase at first earlier by nutrients, and then to biomembrane inside.The pollutant that only is diffused into biofilm surface or inside just can have an opportunity finally to be formed various metabolites (carbon dioxide, water etc.) by biofilm microorganisms institute decomposition and inversion.

What form at biomembranous outermost layer is to be the biological membranous layer of main body according to aerobic microbiological, and in the deep of aerobic layer, because diffusion has restricted the infiltration of dissolved oxygen and often formed anoxic zone or anaerobic zone.In addition, in biofilm reactor, because microorganism is fixed on the carrier, so the time of staying of microorganism in reactor and the not direct influence relation of hydraulic detention time of sewage, therefore the slow microorganism of growth rate also can be on biomembrane growth and breeding, for example nitrifier etc. has shown certain ammonia nitrogen removal frank.Simultaneously,,, impel element phosphor to become solid phase, be trapped in the filler or deposit from liquid-phase conversion because the anti-digestion of but oxygen of bacterium raises biomembrane internal layer pH value in biomembrane inside.Biochemical can shifting by water plant takes place in part, reaches the microcosmic salt minimizing and leaves water body.It mainly is exactly biomembranous biofiltration effect by two-layer filler and formation that SS in the water body is removed.Form for organic substance by 75% by the suspended solid in the sewage of sewage draining exit, all form simultaneously with organic and organic complicated body.Therefore, it can be held back and remove, and most of organic components are further decomposed, transform, remove entirely by microorganism; And inorganic matter will be retained in the gap of filler.

The pretreatment system of sewage draining exit to a certain extent, COD in the sewage that enters water body, SS, nitrogen, phosphorus all there is tangible removal effect, can well slow down and control sewage directly to the pollution effect of water body, guarantee look, the flavor of water body, the sensory properties index such as smell.

The sewage draining exit preprocess method:

1. investigate the quantity of sewage draining exit and sewage quantity, water quality (COD, BOD, TN, TP, DO, SS, PH etc.), the height at the dried up end of sewage draining exit of blowdown, each formed contaminated zone of blowdown area.

2. bed mud situation around the investigation sewage draining exit, whether cement, slabstone sclerosis or soil layer construction are arranged, if the water body after the sclerosis of cement, slabstone, the sewage draining exit preliminary treatment frame of employing is to be that the frame construction of material is fixed in the riverbank with stainless steel tube or riglet, forms " recessed " type treatment pond; If the bottom soil layer construction just is 10 centimeters pine bar with radius, to fine away one, double parallel hammering into side by side forms " recessed " treatment pond.

3. according to displacement, water quality etc. are designed the volume of treatment pond:

V=T (120 minutes the time of staying) * water yield * CODcr * TN * TP/20.73.

Wherein, can on the rectangular-shaped frame frame, reasonably arrange long and width according to the actual conditions of water body.

4. the peace ratio is filled cobble, haydite, cinder, zeolite ratio successively and is in the middle of " recessed " type groove:

3: 2: 2: the particle diameter of 1 filler was 1～7mm, up to being parallel to the water surface.

5. adopt parallel the hanging in the reaction tank of HF biologic packing material in " recessed " type groove, density is 40 squares/cubic metre.

6. on populated processing reaction, water plants such as plantation parasol grass, canna, calamus, wild rice stem are 20～30 public plantations by spacing.

The pretreatment system handling principle:

Quantize treatment tank and be by utilizing sewage draining exit inner bag passage, nexine HF filler, skin are that solid porous hard filler forms an anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic biochemical treatment system, reach sewage preliminary treatment purpose.

1, sewage draining exit inner bag passage, receive dirty resistance lattice by increasing a certain amount of biology, form good anaerobic environment, the bond area that has improved anaerobic bacteria is with regard to concentration, prolong the processing reaction time of organic wastes, finish organic polymer anaerobic acidification degraded in the waste water, drip quantitative efficient denitrifying bacterium simultaneously, reduction nitrate is gaseous ammonia.Under the porous aggregate in thick lattice hurdle, the nitrate anion in the sedimentary deposit through denitrification, can be converted into nitrogen and nitrous oxide under denitrifying bacterium participates in; The inert gas major part spills in the atmosphere by water body.

2, nexine is to be made of the HF filler, form one and half anaerobic conditions, DO remains on 0.5 and 1.5mg/L, be that biologic packing material is set on the fixed support, the biology of a large amount of participation pollutant purifications is grown at this, owing to its set growth is difficult for being eaten by large-scale aquatic animal, make that biomass becomes geometric progression to increase in the water body of unit volume, simultaneously this kind filler not need by any mechanical facility that adds just can be in water continuous vibration and oscillation, unnecessary biomass can come off by nature, constantly upgrade the surface, can strengthen the detergent power of water body.Fabric filler is made by synthetic fibers, can anti-soil water and the corrosion do not had of chemistry, and its special welding result, can prevent that again the filler weak point that the growth owing to microbial film causes from splitting and being stained with knot, by the control shearing, can make the biomembrane that hangs up very thin, can guarantee the reproductive capacity of microorganism maximum and improve its metabolic rate, help strengthening degradation pollutant.

The mechanism that biomembrance process is handled is to make the microfauna of engineering bacteria and protozoan, metazoa one class attached to growth reproduction on filler or some carrier, form membranaceous biological sludge, when sewage contacts with biomembrane, nutrients such as the organic pollution in the sewage, algae, nitrogen, phosphorus, absorbed by the Institute of Micro-biology on the biomembrane, micro-polluted water is purified, and microorganism self also obtains breeding.

3, skin is the filler framework, can filter by hard filler, effect such as absorption, oxidation, fixation of microbe and pollutant, and select further purifying water body such as the strong water plant of plantation resistant such as aquatic canna, sweat umbrella grass etc. for use, the carbon in the transfer water body, nitrogen, microcosmic salt etc. beautify the riverbank environment simultaneously; The sudden and violent tracheae with micropore of anti-scavenge pipe is laid by lower floor, guarantees that the bottom biochemical system carries out and prevent stopping up.Maintenance DO＞more than 2.0 mg/L, form an aerobic environment, water body is in the turbulent fluctuation state simultaneously, makes that the water in the treatment pond can be under the mixing interchange situation, for removing P salt key effect is arranged.

4. waste water is by the blow-off line inner bag, under anaerobic, do not have DO or nitrogen oxide in the sewage, dephosphorization bacterial decomposes intracellular Quadrafos and produces ATP simultaneously, and utilize ATP that the organic matters such as aliphatic acid in the waste water are feared into cell, be stored in the cell with the form of organic granulars such as PHB and glycogen; Simultaneously Quadrafos is decomposed the phosphate that is produced and discharge the extracellular, at this moment also can induce the quite a large amount of Quadrafos kinases of generation in the cell.Then enter aerobic environment, the energy that dephosphorization bacterial can utilize the PHB oxidation Decomposition to be discharged again absorbs the phosphorus in the sewage, and the synthetic Quadrafos of the phosphorus that is absorbed stored with cell in.Microorganism is in breeding, and the phosphorus that is absorbed under aerobic environment is more than detesting the phosphorus that is discharged under the sample environment, thus can separate phosphorus from sewage, and drain as excess sludge.We reduce phosphorus amount in the water body by the mud in the regular cleaning treatment pond, thereby reduce the pollution to the river course.

5. the pretreatment system of sewage draining exit to a certain extent, COD in the sewage that enters water body, SS, nitrogen, phosphorus all there is tangible removal effect, can well slow down and control sewage directly to the pollution effect of water body, guarantee look, the flavor of water body, the sensory properties index such as smell.

Experimental data:

(7) textile type active bio membrane technology (HF):

HF is a kind of brand-new textile type biofilm carrier, and this filler has very big specific area.Since this kind filler not need by any mechanical facility that adds just can be in water continuous vibration and oscillation, unnecessary biomass can come off by nature, brings in constant renewal in the surface.Fabric filler is made by synthetic fibers, can anti-soil water and the erosion of chemicals, and its special welded construction, can prevent filler fracture and bonding that the growth owing to microbial film causes again.Can make the biomembrane that hangs up very thin (from clear effect) by the control shearing, can guarantee the reproductive capacity of microorganism maximum and improve its metabolic rate.The applicability of HF fixed bed fabric filler is very strong, almost is applicable to various types of Wastewater Treatment Plants and bioreactor.The design of modular makes the HF filler both be easy to use in Wastewater Treatment Plant's capacity expansion project, also is easy to build new sewage treatment facility.Textile type filler particular structure can guarantee to obtain sufficient oxygen amount and biological nutrients on the sewage main flow direction.The aerator of HF system and substrate all are positioned on the main water (flow) direction, and the bubble of rising provides sufficient oxygen amount for biology, and oxygen absorption rate is particularly high.In order to the biologic treating technique of handling industrial waste water and sanitary sewage is activated sludge process and the combining of submerged textile type active bio membrane technology (HF).

Except that possessing de-carbon and conventional func such as nitrated, this technology can be accomplished nitrification and denitrification and denitrogenation in early stage and biological phosphate-eliminating simultaneously, and carries out the secondary denitrogenation to purifying waste water.The HF biofilm packing has adopted a kind of synthetic textiles of special use, can guarantee that microorganism species has enough growth areas.Filler is submerged in the sewage fully, obtains oxygen by the aeration head of installing thereunder.Fabric filler is fixed on the prefabricated stainless steel frame, and stainless steel is installed in the aeration tank.This suspension type framework is easy for installation, is fit to the use of various situations, is specially adapted to the renewal dilatation of existing Sewage Plant, not only economy but also convenient.Use HF that the treatment effeciency of biological treatment can be provided significantly, improve the treatment effect of entire sewage treatment plant thus.

Because biology and the suspended biological in the sewage fixing on the HF filler all will enter cleaning process, so the active bio total amount increases by 30～70% approximately.Mud prolongs age, and biodegradable performance improves, and makes the organic matter of difficult degradation obtain decomposing.

Another advantage of HF is that most biological flora is attached on the filler fabric in the reaction tank, even therefore the sewage composition of handling changes, also can effectively obtain handling.Generally, strong hydrodynamic cleaning can reduce the treatment effeciency of conventional treatment process, and HF technology is not influenced by this but, because the characteristic of HF has guaranteed that any moment all has enough biomass to exist in the reaction tank.Fixed biologically flora such as same " regenerator " can make reaction tank recover in a short period of time and reach the normal process state.Adopt this technology, even treating capacity increases 20%-25% suddenly, system still can operate as normal.

Engineering experience proves the sludge index (SVI) very low (50-70mg/l) of this technology, make the precipitability of suspended sludge obtain substantive the improvement, reduce because the raising of activated sludge concentration, pond, aeration tank are held, handle the also corresponding reduction of construction cost of structure with running cost.Oxygen utilization coefficient (α value) is 0.95-1.0, that is the air requirements amount of this technology is few than conventional activated sludge technology (α ≌ 0,7), because the utilization rate of oxygen is than the common process height, thereby also greatly reduces running cost.

Technical data

The synthetic textiles filler is made by 100% polypropylene, and the German fabric technology application study of process institute is detected.But examining report is pointed out the erosion of this filler anti-soil water and various other materials, and working life was at least 20 years, every M ²The specific area of fabric is about 250M ²

Physical property

Tensile strength	＞1000KG/M2
		Elasticity	30％
Density	98-100％
		Unit Weight	1.69-1.71
The unit specific area	250 m 2/m 2
		Water absorption rate
General water quality	0％
		20% electrical conductivity	0％
95% electrical conductivity	0％
		Softening point	140-145℃
Melting point	160-170℃
		Resistance in the water	No change

The chemistry anti acid alkali performance

Chemical agent	Concentration %	PH	Tolerance level
					25℃	50℃
			HCl	10			0	1	2
35	0	1			2
				48		0	1	2
H 2NO 3	10	0			1				2
			65	0		2	3
	90	0			2			4
			H 2SO 4	10		0	1		2
30	0	1			2
				60		0	1	2
CH 3COO H	10	0			1				2
			100	0		1	2
	NaOH	10			14			2	2
50			14	2		2

Occur measurable weight change, 4=in 1=no change after several years, the rear surface roughening of 2=some months, several weeks of 3=and occur that several hours interior lines faces of measurable weight change, 5=polish, 6=knits the line dissolving in several days.

Antilysis agent tolerance level

Chemical agent	Tolerance level
			25℃	50℃
	C 2H 5OH	1			2
CH 3OH			1	1
	CH 3COOC 2OH 5	3			3
C 6H 6			3	2

CH 3COCH 3	2	3
			Air	1	2
Sesame oil	1	2
			C 6H 10O	6	6
C 4H 8O(THF)	6	6

Occurring measurable weight change, 4=in 1=no change after several years, the rear surface roughening of 2=some months, several weeks of 3=occurs polish s, 6=of several hours interior lines faces of measurable weight change, 5=in several days and knits the line dissolving.

The pluses and minuses of similar technology

Energy consumption

	Capacity expansion project HF filler	Grassroot project HF filler	The grassroot project common process	Grassroot project SBR
					Aeration	60％	60％	100％	130％
Surplus sludge volume	40％	40％	100％	120％

Power consumption cost is more and more important, particularly for need be from state outsourcing electricity or the very difficult country of generating.Therefore, the sewage disposal technology of low energy consumption is regarded as a big advantage.

(8) set up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp:

Ecological floating island:

The aquatic vegetation recovery is the important component part of the restoration of the ecosystem of eutrophication water, the eutrophication of urban water system mainly is because the severe overweights such as N, P in the water body, and subduing organic pollutions such as nutritive salt such as N, P in the water body and dead algae is the key measure that lake ecological is repaired.Functional ecological chinampa technology is utilized floating bed system technology exactly in polluted-water, plantation is to pollutant absorption strong and stick-to-itive plant where, use of absorption, absorption, enrichment and the degraded of selected plant to pollutant, pollutant in the water body entirely removed or fixing, and the artificial pruning regularly of warp harvesting, migrate out water body, can be effectively entirely except that nutritive salt such as the nitrogen in the water body, phosphorus, reach and purify water the purpose of inhibition algal grown.

Functional ecological chinampa technology adopts special floating body material, makes material and the floating bed basal disc that is made in conjunction with the application natural fiber, plants plants such as canna, cattail, reed, parasol grass in the above.The bed body can freely fluctuate with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and the supporting structure design does not block water flood season, reaches 5～7 years application life.There is not the secondary pollution problem in it, and foam, the bamboo planting body that uses has advantage pollution-free, that the life-span is long etc. does not replace now; And can form green lawn scenery winter.

Crucial effect is played in the selection that purifies plant, and plant purification ability magnitude relationship is to the height of purification efficiency.When considering factors such as having higher purifying rate, low cost, anti impulsion load, select desirable purification species.Tens kinds of high water plants from detergent power, resistance, management difficulty or ease, comprehensive utilization value with beautify 5 aspect overall merits such as view, are filtered out canna, cattail, reed, the more excellent purification species of parasol grass.

Utilize buoyancy aid and plastic wire the artificial floating bed filter bed of emergent aquactic plant district to be set the both sides, road along the river, plastic wire is laid extraordinary ceramics filling and the ordinary fixed filler of inhaling the poly-P of N respectively, with water plant, particularly high water plant planting on fixing filler, in ceramics filling, lay the pipe-line system of catchmenting, collecting system leads directly to strong oxidation aeration zone, upstream, forms the convection current and the circulation of water body between two districts.But nutritive salt such as ceramics filling enrichment of N, P; The emergent aquactic plant root system can absorb and suction-operated, and carrier biofilm and plant rhizosphere microbe decompose organic matter in the water body; Secretions from plant roots can suppress algae grows and breeding by the biochemical allelopathy of plant, adopts the multiple combination configuration of water plant or the multistage water plant series connection pool, forms certain purification level, and the seasonality of long-term purification function replaces complementary structure.

Lay special ecological porous media filler in the emergent aquactic plant district, this filler can be a large amount of the enrichment water body in nutriments such as N, P, on filler, lay one deck fixedly matrix such as finger stone, brickbat etc., emergent aquactic plant is planted in fixedly on the matrix, emergent aquactic plant is selected the water plant that vigorous, the well developed root system of growth, biomass are big, have strong allelopathy of plant for use, its flourishing root system is general to be distributed between the packing layer, and can penetrate packing layer and enter water layer and form intensive filtration beds, raising is big with the water body contact area, nutriments such as absorption of N, P.N, P enrichment filler and emergent aquactic plant root system can adsorb and absorb nutritive salt in the water body in a large number, promote biomembrane to form and to the decomposition of organic pollution in the water body, header distributes in the filler, communicate with strong oxidation aeration zone by collecting system, carry out oxygenation to catchmenting by aerator, make simultaneously between the two adjacent districts and form convection circulation, artificially form one by water plant, zooplankter and higher mammal, the common complex ecosystem of forming such as microorganism, by the prolongation of food chain and the increase of bio-diversity, accelerate river channel ecology system material circulation rate, strengthen water body self-purification ability.

The biology of functional artificial floating bed filter bed removes the algae function and is mainly derived from: root system of plant and packing microbial are detained and the absorption fixation the machinery of algae and suspension; Ecological porous media filler is to the enrichment of nutritive salt; Carrier biofilm and plant rhizosphere microbe carry out ion-exchange, chelating, absorption, oxidation Decomposition, precipitation to be waited with swim alga competition nutriment and required light and heat condition, secrete the algal control material by the biochemical allelopathy of plant simultaneously, destroy the normal physiological metabolism of algae, force algae death, to prevent the effect of water China, reach the biological algae function of removing.

The functional ecological chinampa has machine and pollutes the absorption to nutritive salt of catalytic oxidation, plant, and he feels or the like multiple water quality purification function plant, is the important component part of river and lake water ecology recovery technique.

Ecological floating island is built:

Functional ecological chinampa technology adopts special floating body material, makes material and the floating bed basal disc that is made in conjunction with the application natural fiber, plants plants such as canna, cattail, reed, parasol grass in the above.The bed body can freely fluctuate with SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and the supporting structure design does not block water flood season, reaches 5～7 years application life.There is not the secondary pollution problem in it.

1. floating body material: (bore is 10～16cm) headtotails, forms a framework that falls " field " shape, and the nylon rope that No. 0.5, the junction utilization is fixed, and in two bamboo bars that intersect in framework, fixedly the polythene material of 30L seals floating drum to adopt the blue or green bamboo that becomes a useful person.

2. bottom adopts the fleece of high branch, and the aperture is 5mm, smooth being fixed at the bottom of the framework, and fixing with No. 0.3 nylon rope along the binding of bamboo frame.

3. in forming an opening frame, fill lightweight floating body materials such as the porous ceramic grain of 120/square centimeter of void content average out to and coke slag, and use the coconut fiber rug shop solidating of crossing fixed, prevent that filler from leaking outside through high pressure.

4. highdensity coconut fiber rug tiling and fixing is adopted on the upper strata, in order to avoid the part haydite drops out the floating bed framework; In the circle spacing that on the coconut fiber rug with radius is 5 centimeters is 30 centimeters punchings. etc. under the floating bed behind the water, planting aquatic plants in the hole includes the burnt parasol grass of beauty, water plants such as cattail form good landscape effect in purifying water body.

5. the management experience chinampa area according to us should account for 10% of water pollution area, and simultaneously, based on clean-up effect, local water plant is auxilliary in the selection of water plant, when paying attention to landscape effect, guarantees growth control and the maintenance of water plant.

Artificial swamp:

The artificial wet land system water purification technology is as a kind of novel ecological method for cleaning treatment of sewage, and its basic principle is the specific wetland plant of plantation on the artificial swamp filler, thereby sets up artificial wetlands ecosystems.When sewage passed through wet land system, pollutant wherein and nutriment were absorbed by system or decompose, and water quality is purified.In conjunction with these characteristics, we administer at urban water-body, by water body water bank with good conditionsi is investigated, geographical difference in height is fixed in the wooden village of carrying out of direction downstream, the bed mud backfill causes certain gradient, and plantation is through selecting and the water plant of disposing, form the vegetational zone that water body can pass through voluntarily, set up a little artificial swamp cleaning system.

Artificial swamp technology in urban water-body is administered is the important composition unit of water ecology repair system, so the selection of the kind of its plant configuration is key point, selects principle for use: having that good ecologic adaptation ability and Eco Battalion make contributions can; Have very strong vitality and vigorous growth potential: have stronger anti-pollution ability, freeze proof, heat resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance, to the adaptive capacity of surrounding environment; Certain economic benefits, cultureal value, view benefit and comprehensive utilization value.

In planting process according to the adaptive capacity difference of different plants to sewage.The concentration difference that general urban water-body tapers off with a kind of trip from top to bottom.Therefore, when artificial swamp is built, when different water level depth is selected different vegetation types and plant variety configuration plantation, the general strong plant variety of anti-pollution ability of selecting of front-end process part.End process therefore can landscape effects that consider plants owing to concentration of wastewater reduces more.Only in this way, just can give full play to different plants advantage separately, reach better treatment and purification effect.

1, water plant can be brought into play functions such as good purification, buffering, habitat, reduces the influence of suspension to the immersion filter bed.

2, water plant can suppress algae grows, and biology also will absorb nutriment in growth course, thereby the nutritive salt of water body is reduced, and algae also reduces breeding.

3, the root system of water plant energy biofilm in water is being perched a large amount of microorganisms, also the pollution in river course is decomposed.

4, water plant is a kind of view, in the lake, the river course plays the effect of interspersing.

The river course or the water body of nature all have the ecosystem, comprise the producer (aquatic higher plant, planktonic algae, livings algae), customer (zooplankter, eqizoa, zoobenthos and fish) and analyst (microorganism) the river channel ecology system of composition jointly.Set up the river channel ecology system, form the energy circulation of balance, have detergent power, meet ecological natural, have landscape function.

Artificial swamp is built:

1. according to the water environment situation, the following of geographical position condition arranged, when the artificial swamp of the certain area of bank construction that contacts with water body purifies water, the materialization surrounding environment, strengthen the local land and water ecosystem continuity and communicate with each other, strengthened of the filtration of the Bin He zone of vegetation, reduced a large amount of SS and enter water body the pollutant in the surface flow.

2. in position, water body contact position, adopting bore is 12～15cm pine bar, be parallel to side by side the riverbank fixing with bed mud in, the pine spacing is 3～5cm, guarantees that various fillers do not spill.

3. the filler of Tian Chonging is mainly mixing such as cobble, haydite, zeolite, cinder, and grain diameter is about 5～8cm.

4. the selection of plant is the key of wet land system. select principle for use: have good ecologic adaptation ability and Eco Battalion make contributions can; Have very strong vitality and vigorous growth potential; Have stronger anti-pollution ability, freeze proof, heat resistance, diseases and insect pests resistance, to the adaptive capacity of surrounding environment; Certain economic benefits, cultureal value, view benefit and comprehensive utilization value.By experiment, we grasp: planting density is 25 strains/m ³, various plants cooperate plantation.Floristics includes: canna, parasol grass, reed, wild rice stem, calamus, arrowhead etc.

5. the artificial swamp of Jian Liing can with the ecological filter bed synergy of reverse-flow type, through the water after the ecological filter bed processing, handle by artificial swamp again, can improve treatment effect greatly, draw through experiment: the rate of going out of CODcr, NH3-N, BOD5, TP, transparency, SS is: 35～50%, 25～50%, 40～80%, 30～75%, 40～80%.

(9) endogenous pollution control digestion:

The water body bed mud is a Urban Water Environment ecosystem important component part, is self-purification of water function important key link; Simultaneously, bed mud also is the carrier of pollutant long-term accumulation, important endogenous pollution.How controlling and digesting polluted bed mud is that urban water-body is administered inevitable problem.Static state by water body bed mud nutriment discharges, black and odorous water is tested different bed mud influences, and research biological oxidation of sediment and bed mud bioactivation technology are to city black and odorous water bed mud and overlying water water quality impact.Studies show that, biological oxidation of sediment and bed mud bioactivation can suppress black smelly bed mud organic pollution and nutritive salt such as N, P discharge, significantly improve overlying water water quality, reparation of urban water-body environmental organism and ecological recovery are had crucial meaning, and water body endogenous pollution control digestion techniques is that the important channel is administered in the urban water-body road.

Biological oxidation of sediment: bed mud is the important component part of the water environment ecosystem, mainly by inorganic mineral, organic matter and mobile phase composition.The chemical compound of bed mud and biota are formed bed mud ecology jointly, decision overlying water water quality; The buffer capacity of bed mud has determined the stability of water quality; Also determined the stability of overlying water algae phase; The microbial activity of bed mud has determined the river course organic matter is polluted decomposition rate, thereby has determined the detergent power of river water body.The a large amount of biology of existence mainly is algae, benthonic invertebrates and bacterium in the bed mud.Algae mainly is a benthic algae, grows nonparasitically upon another plant at deposit surface number centimetre.Invertebrate mainly comprises protozoan, nematode, annelid, crustacean, mollusk and insect.Some animal lives in the bed mud all the time, and some is then alternately lived in bed mud and the water body.Animal is frequently motion in bed mud, causes that the bed mud interstitial water flows, sediment particles is stirred and the migration of material transforms, and is called biological agitaion.The bed mud animal is a food with microorganism and organic matter, is the important component part of bed mud microecosystem, and material circulation, the energy of keeping bed mud and overlying water flowed and water quality has important function.Bacterium is to live in most important biology in the bed mud, state to bed mud has very important influence, bacterium plays a part " analyst ", with the various organic pollutions in the various biological metabolic products of bed mud and water body, biological corpse remains, discharging river course decompose, mineralising becomes simple inorganic matter, for " producer ", " oxygen supply person "-algal grown and metabolism in the river channel ecology system.Therefore, in the aerobic river course of cleaning, bed mud is to tie " storehouse " received with decomposing pollutant; " source " of overlying water inorganic nutrient salt is provided.In black and odorous water, the pollutant that accumulates in the bed mud can discharge to overlying water, becomes " source " of the aggravation pollution of river again.

Biological oxidation of sediment is exactly to form the brown oxide film of one deck at water sludge interface, the formation of bed mud oxide layer is very important to keeping bed mud aerobic microbiological fauna and other benthon diversity, if liken the river course to a sewage disposal system, the bed mud aerobic layer is " activated sludge ", the bed mud aerobic layer decomposes organic matter and other pollutant that bed mud deep layer anaerobic layer (black mud layer) is constantly oozed out on the one hand, deaden noxious material and spread to river water body, one side is decomposed from pollution of river thing, plant and animal residues swims.The bed mud oxidated layer thickness has largely determined the river course self-purification capacity, and the bed mud oxide layer is thick more, and the river course self-purification capacity is strong more.

The bed mud bioactivation is short gives birth to: the bioactivation technology is one of external popular up-to-date pollution treatment technology, by activation facilitation to indigenous microorganism growth and breeding in the water environment bed mud, for polluted water body is created the environment that can finish pollutant natural degradation function smoothly, strengthen the self-purification capacity of water body, acceleration is to organic decomposition, characteristics are to carry out in-situ treatment to contaminated environment, need not capital investment, and are satisfactory for result and have no side effect.Contain amino acid, micronutrient element and growth factor etc. in the activator, can promote the physiological function of sewerage ecological system biological, improve the biological oxidation effect, contain biochemical enzymes in the activator, can promote water body to the aerobic aquatic ecosystem succession of cleaning; Food chain is prolonged, and systems stabilisation, impact resistance improved.Contaminated environment is fundamentally progressively improved, and dissolved oxygen raises gradually in the water body, helps the foundation of aerobic microbiological fauna, has suppressed the microorganism that can only survive in contaminated environment competitively.Utilize under the specific environment of our independent research indigenous microorganism directed expansion technology, breeding and production indigenous microorganism, by the target administration technology, indigenous aerobic microbiological is directly injected in the water body bed mud, strengthen aerobic microbiological fauna in the bed mud, carry out biological oxidation of sediment, pass through artificial oxygenation on this basis, strengthen the degraded of indigenous microorganism to pollutant, inoculate indigenous miniature zooplankter and higher mammal, in conjunction with technology such as two sides complex ecological filter bed and artificial swamps water body is carried out biological restoration and ecoscape recovery, make extremely eutrophication water, even black and odorous water changes reinforcement water body self-purification ability, the harmonious stable natural ecological environment of formation to aerobic clean direction.

Biological oxidation of sediment and activate and short estrangedly to analyse and give an example:

1.1, polluted bed mud influences overlying water

Black smelly bed mud is taken from black smelly section, a new city sub-district, port, Pu, gets black smelly bed mud clarification 30 minutes, utilizes syphon carefully to siphon away supernatant, weighing.(40cm * 20cm * 30cm water capacity: 24kg), each places 6.0 kilograms of black muds, slowly adds distilled water, covers bed mud 2cm to get 7 equal clear glass grooves.Biological oxidation of sediment preparation and activation growth-promoting agent carry out oxidation processes and indigenous microorganism cultivation to bed mud, handle No. 1 groove and do not do any processing; Handling No. 2 grooves handles with equivalent distilled water; Handle groove 10PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation No. 3; Handle groove 20PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation No. 4; Handle No. 5 grooves and activate growth-promoting agent with 15PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation and 15PPM; Handle No. 6 grooves and activate growth-promoting agent with 30PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation and 40PPM; Handle groove 30PPM high-efficiency microorganism preparation No. 7, pressed powder activates 2-3 hour with 38 ℃ of warm water before handling.The 2-7 processing method is that medicament and muddy water were fully stirred 30 minutes, mixes, and handles every day 1 time, handles continuously 3 days.After 3 days each handle slowly fill with clarification distilled water to from groove along 20 kilograms of mark, replenishing distilled water to mark position every day evaporates with waterproof, on every Mondays once by above-mentioned processing method dosing, replace the biological oxidation of sediment agent with water body biological restoration preparation, other medicines are identical, and dosing dosage is also identical.Observe and handle front and back bed mud and water body variation, detect water body and each physical and chemical index of bed mud and biological indicator.

The processing method of various processing

Handle	Processing method
		1	Do not do any processing
2	Bed mud stirs
		3	10PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation carries out bed mud and stirs
4	20PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation carries out bed mud and stirs
		5	15PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation and 15PPM activate growth-promoting agent and carry out the bed mud stirring
6	20PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation and 40PPM activate growth-promoting agent and carry out the bed mud stirring
		7	30PPM is that high-efficiency microorganism preparation carries out the bed mud stirring

1.2, polluted-water influences bed mud

Black smelly bed mud and black and odorous water are taken from black smelly section, a new city sub-district, port, Pu, and sand is taken from the building site, and soil is taken from wild rice stem field deep soil, and TOC content is 1.85g/kg.

Get black smelly bed mud clarification 30 minutes, utilize syphon carefully to siphon away supernatant, claim the 45g black mud, place 350 ℃ of oven for drying, claim dry weight, recording the black mud water content is 78.5%, respectively handle water content with identical method mensuration, black mud after handling respectively with through biological oxidation of sediment with black and odorous water, deep soil, sand etc. stirred 30 minutes, it is mixed, be configured to the mud (sand) of 5.0 kilograms of identical water content, place 5 grooves respectively, slowly fill it up with black and odorous water, every afternoon is water sampling and bed mud during 8:00, and the processing water of Total Water 1/4th is taken out in the sampling back from each groove, slowly replenishes upstream, river course black and odorous water to former water level, water sampling was handled 14 days continuously again.Glass guide channel places under the outdoor sunlight, when raining and hide with hiding rain cover evening, with simulating nature water body and bed mud environment as far as possible.Survey CODcr,, indexs such as NH3-N, bed mud biodegradability, bed mud TOC.

Handle No. 8 grooves with deceiving smelly bed mud; Handle the black smelly bed mud after No. 9 grooves are handled with the process biological oxidation of sediment; Handle the groove deep soil of content of organics No. 10 less than 1g/kg; Handle No. 11 grooves with husky; Handle No. 12 grooves for contrast, do not add mud.The processing method of handling No. 9 grooves is fully to stir 30 minutes with 200PPM biological oxidation of sediment preparation and 20PPM activation growth-promoting agent and muddy water, mixes, and handles every day 1 time, handles continuously 3 days.Activate growth-promoting agent with 10PPM subsequently, added water by 1: 1, continuous aeration was handled 3 days, left standstill clarification 4 days, utilized syphon carefully to siphon away supernatant, and the bed mud water content is standby after the mensuration oxidation.

The processing method of various processing

Handle	Processing method
		8	Black mud
9	Through the black smelly bed mud after the biological oxidation of sediment processing
		10	Content of organics is less than the deep soil of 1g/kg
11	Husky
		12	Do not add mud

1.3, the method for sampling

With the surperficial 3cm mud post of self-control sediment sampler (diameter 5cm glass column) water intaking bucket,, get oven dry mud sample and survey bed mud TOC and bed mud biologically active (G value) in the oven dry in 24 hours of 30 ℃ of baking ovens.

1.4, bed mud and water body physics and chemistry and biological indicator assay method

DO: adopt iodometric determination, in every morning 10:00 on-site measurement; Transparency: adopt self-control Sai Shi dish to measure, in every morning 10:00 on-site measurement; PH: marine products pen type PH meter in the employing, in every morning 10:00 on-site measurement; CODcr: adopt potassium dichromate method to measure; Microfauna: draw 1 (about 0.05ml) water sample with suction pipe, on blood counting chamber, directly carry out somatoscopy and counting; Bacteria total amount: adopt plating method;

Bed mud TOC: with reference to soil TOC assay method; Bed mud biodegradability (G value): get mud sample 0.2 gram and put into the 250ml triangular flask, add and boil 10 minutes prosperous upright sub-district the 1st sewage draining exit discharge waste water 100ml, triangular flask is placed on the shaking table, vibrated 3,6,9 hours, respectively get the 30ml water sample and left standstill 30 minutes, CODcr measuring and calculating bed mud biodegradability before and after vibration measuring is swung:

$G=\frac{(C_1-C_2)*V}{{10}^6*q*t},\mathrm{[kg}/(\mathrm{kg}*h)]$

C1, C2 in the formula---CODcr (mg/l) before and after the sewage experiment; V---substrate volume (ml); Q----bed mud dry weight (g);

T----duration of oscillation (h)

2 results and analysis

2.1, polluted bed mud is to the influence of overlying water

2.1.1, bed mud influences overlying water

Studies show that bed mud is huge to the influence of overlying water water quality, bed mud CODcr discharges the turbidity that has aggravated water body oxygen consumption and water body, and nutritive salt such as bed mud N, P discharge and promote the algae and water growth, have aggravated body eutrophication.In this test, 14-16 day in April, 2006 carries out handling in 3 days to black smelly bed mud, then adds distilled water, the observation water body changes, and finds that along with the water body time of staying increases, significant variation has taken place the test water body, to April 18, do not carry out No. 1, No. 2 releases owing to nutritive salt such as N, P that bed mud is handled, the water body performance is dark green, and chal is more than the 30mg/m3, amount of algae is more than 1250 * 104cells L-1, the turbidity height, water can not see the bottom, and shows as eutrophic state; And 3-7 water is so clear that you can see the bottom, and chal is less than 2mg/m3, and amount of algae is less than 850 * 104cells L-1; It is high slightly that the inoculating microbe preparation is handled turbidity, may be the turbidity of microorganism formulation itself.May 20, No. 1, No. 2 water bodys became poorer, and wherein No. 2 blackening is smelly, and the 3-6 water body is still so clear that you can see the bottom, and just No. 7 no-load voltage ratios are muddy.In static test, because black smelly bed mud CODcr and nutritive salt such as N, P discharge, even overlying water is a distilled water, through stop after a while, water body progressively also changes eutrophy even black smelly into, and biological oxidation of sediment can significantly suppress this process.

2.1.2, overlying water COD _CrChange

Because the release of pollutants in sediments, with the increase of the time of staying, different disposal overlying water CODcr all shows as rising in various degree, the trend that tends towards stability then.Handle CODcr for No. 1, No. 2 and rise comparatively fast, reached the peak value of 128mg/l in 40 days, No. 3-No. 6 CODcr risings are slower, and peak value is in the 78mg/l, and 7# handles and falls between.Performance such as this result and water body outward appearance, turbidity basically identical.Test shows, biological oxidation of sediment can significantly suppress bed mud Cods and discharge to overlying water, to reducing the water body oxygen consumption, purifying water, prevent that water body is black smelly, high-efficiency microorganism preparation is under the condition of anoxic simultaneously, can suppress its effect to a certain extent, for providing, practice improvement well experiment showed, to have very important function.

2.1.3, overlying water TP, NH ₃-N changes

Similar with CODcr, water body TP, NH3-N also show as the trend that rises with the increase of the time of staying.1#, 2# handle rise the fastest, reach peak about 28 days, slowly drop to equalization point subsequently, other is handled TP, NH3-N and discharges slower, the peak that occurs is also handled low far beyond 1#, 2#, show biological oxidation of sediment except remarkable inhibition bed mud CODcr to overlying water discharges, also can suppress bed mud TP, NH3-N and discharge to overlying water, biological oxidation of sediment also is that eutrophic water body is administered the important techniques measure.

2.1.4, bed mud TOC, G value change

Biological oxidation of sediment mainly is by bottom mud microbe the bed mud organic pollution to be strengthened decomposition, reduces bed mud TOC, improves bed mud to organic pollution capacity of decomposition (G value), becomes brown through the water sludge interface behind the biological oxidation of sediment by black.

In this test, lasting oxidation (water body biological restoration preparation also has the bed mud oxidation) through 3 days biological oxidation of sediment and 60 days, No. 5 biological oxidation of sediment is the most thorough, its TOC drops to 12.6g/kg by 52.5g/kg, 4.2 times have been reduced, the G value is brought up to 0.49kg/kg*h by 0.12kg/kg*h, has improved 4 times; No. 1, No. 2 treatment effects that do not carry out biological oxidation of sediment are the poorest, wherein handle bed mud TOC for No. 1 and drop to 34.6g/kg, only reduce by 1.5 times, and the G value is brought up to 0.15kg/kg*h, improves less; The activation growth-promoting agent adds biological oxidation of sediment preparation treatment effect is not having obviously well inoculating microbe preparation under the condition of oxygenation, this result and each are handled the outward appearance performance of water body, CODcr changes, TP, results such as NH3-N variation are quite similar, show and pass through biological oxidation of sediment, reduce bed mud, the bed mud TOC of water sludge interface particularly, improved its G value, reduce bed mud to overlying water nutritive salt and organic release, improve the capacity of decomposition of bottom mud microbe to organic pollution, biological oxidation of sediment is to black and odorous water, the improvement of eutrophication water all is of great significance.

Short the giving birth to of 3 biological oxidation of sediment and activation used

1. administer according to situations such as water body capacity, water quality (COD, BOD, TN, TP, DO, SS, PH etc.), bed mud TOC, G value, the simulation that experimentizes, calculate the bed mud oxidant of use and the use amount and the number of times of bioactivation growth-promoting agent.

2. take certain bed mud and former ponding to carry out biology and urge to give birth to, cultivate bottom mud microbe, improve its activity.

3. adopt high-pressure hydraulic pump to carry out the full water surface and evenly be expelled to 10～20 centimeters places of bed mud, carry out short the giving birth to of oxidation and react.

4. observe the water body variation of water, follow the tracks of and detect, carry out the water body quality analysis constantly, improve the governing system of polluted-water.

(10) aquatic filter feeder is cultivated and is thrown in control:

The food chain control technique is that utilization ecosystem food chain picked-up principle and the biological relation of counteracting each other are set up, and improves water quality by artificial regulatory impaired water body environmental organism structure of community and quantity, improves and the ecology recovering balance.Its main path by filter-feeding fish such as zooplankter, necton, filter-feeding zoobenthos, absorb the organic pure bits of free bacteria, planktonic algae and wait and reduce suspension, improve water transparency, the food and extend chain improves comprehensive technology of biological cleaning effect.Promptly with the filter-feeding fish (mainly referring to silver carp, bighead, Tilapia mossambica) that can replenish an amount of strong operability, cladocera animal, protozoan control blue-green alga bloom technology, implement the control algae layout of breeding fish, the part is aided with filter-feeding zoobenthos such as freshwater mussel, spiral shell, by the filter-feeding food chain, foundation can effectively reduce endogenous pollution and discharge total amount and underspeed, the acceleration substrate decomposes, firm bed mud physics, chemical property, upwards decompose, remove, change water body suspension, organic bits of spitting, weaken water body solid-liquid conversion speed, reduce effects such as water body electrodeposition substance.And make full use of zooplankter and control small-sized algae, form the ability that effective control blue-green alga bloom takes place.

By regularly animal being salvaged, catches or organize form such as fish, control its existence amount, can prevent that the endogenous pollution that excessive breeding causes from also will transform thoroughly output from water body such as the nutrition that generates organic organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus, final purification water quality is improved ecosystem structure.

To a certain degree, the algal bloom of will coming out, water transparency descend polluted-water by above-mentioned technology governance, night phenomenon such as water hypoxia, if control and improvement in time can not cause secondary pollution of water again.Throw in control technology by adopting aquatic filter feeder to cultivate, when just can avoid this situation to take place fully, can also improve water environment and give birth to the system structure, set up ecological balanced system.

Aquatic filter feeder is cultivated and thrown in control: utilization ecosystem food chain picked-up principle and the biological relation of counteracting each other are set up, and improve water quality by artificial regulatory impaired water body environmental organism structure of community and quantity, improve and the ecology recovering balance.

Obtain a result through experiment:

1. domestication is cultivated: filter-feeding fish is selected silver carp, bighead, Tilapia mossambica etc., put in a suitable place to breed in the clear water of certain volume, change the former ponding of administering 1/10 every day, observe the active situation of fish, progressively improve its compliance, fish after domestication can being cultivated in 10～15 days are rendered in the waters, guarantee that the survival rate of fish is brought into play its customer's effect simultaneously.Input density is 50g/m ³, just can control a large amount of breedings of algae.

2. filter-feeding zoobenthos: just with same cultivation domestication launch process, input density is 5～7g/m for freshwater mussel, spiral shell ³

3. by the control method of filter-feeding fish → zooplankter, plant → nutriment, shorten food chain, accelerate transmission speed, can reduce energy consumption, change kind, size and the quantity of fish simultaneously easily.

4. by regularly animal being salvaged, catches or organize form such as fish, control its existence amount, can prevent that the endogenous pollution that excessive breeding causes from also will transform thoroughly output from water body such as the nutrition that generates organic organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus, final purification water quality is improved ecosystem structure.

Administer for example: governing system technological process: sewage draining exit pretreatment system

Water body biological restoration engineering starts construction February, goes through and can finish the construction of capital equipment unit in 3 months, and first moon is finished the ancillary works measure; Finished endogenous pollution control biological oxidation in the second month, reflux, equipment is installed, and electric power is installed; Three month beginning plant growing, and system debug are finished the reinforcement improvement work of leading portion; In continue administering in ensuing 5 months, finish construction and debugging work that facility unit such as extension are filled out on functional artificial chinampa, artificial swamp, biomembrane; In safeguard administering in last 4 months, to water body safeguard, monitoring, each component units of conditioning system, it is comprehensive to carry out one, finishes the biological treating work of full river course.

Project scale:

Demonstration project area :～26400m ²(15～22 meters wide, and 1320 meters long)

Bed mud is repaired volume: 19800m ³±

Water body is repaired volume: 48,750 ten thousand m ³±

Chinampa area: 750m ²

Water plant planting: 2300m ²

Aquatic animal is put in a suitable place to breed: 2000kg ±

High-effective microorganism injected volume: 19354.8

Power consumption: 213480 kilowatts

Construction period: 12 months

Biological restoration measures such as biological oxidation, water body oxygenation, high-effective microorganism inoculation inputs are controlled in Tou Gang river course, Pu by endogenous pollution, can eliminate effectively water body black smelly, prolong river course ecosystem food chain, increase the water body bio-diversity, raising river water body self-purification capacity.Can alleviate because of water pollutes commercial to periphery, that bring the residential zone negative effect and environment stress by biological restoration simultaneously, also beautify environment, produce good landscape effect.Select for use the flowering marsh plants of chinampa plantation clear dark green green, riotous with colour, dazzlingly beautiful, present a slice scene of flourishing life, constitute artificial nature's ecoscape of a width of cloth beauty, promoted the ecological level of The Surroundings in Cities, popularize river ecological knowledge, boost environmental awareness, have high social benefit and environmental benefit.Administer stage and middle five lasting improvement stages through trimestral reinforcement, entered the comprehensive debugging stage in last river course, through observing up on November 2nd, 2006, river water body is no matter on water quality maintenance and water surface cleaning aspect, all reach national surface water V class water quality standard.

All water monitoring datas of this engineering all entrust Environmental Monitoring central station in Zhangzhou City's to carry out sampling monitoring, and monitoring standard is as follows;

The mensuration of transparency: Sai Shi dish method " water and effluent monitoring analytical method " State Environmental Protection Administration (2002)

The mensuration of water temperature: thermometer or reversing thermometer method GB/T6920-1986

The mensuration of pH value: glass electrode method GB/T11914-1989

The mensuration of ammonium: nessler reagent colorimetric method GB/T7479-1987

The mensuration of dissolved oxygen: iodimetric titration GB/T7489-1987

The mensuration of total phosphorus: ammonium molybdate AAS GB/T11893-1989.

Claims (10)

1. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method is characterized in that described step:

Physical analogy and mathematics model analysis;

The high-effective microorganism inoculated and cultured;

The structure reverse-flow type is ecological filter bed; Bio-carrier purifies; The oxygenation of artificial oxygenation equipment;

Overlying water purifies; The sewage draining exit preliminary treatment;

Set up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp;

Endogenous pollution control digestion;

Aquatic filter feeder is cultivated and is thrown in control;

The water ecosystem equilibrium establishment;

Improve the water body environment data.

2. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the substep in described physical analogy and the mathematics model analysis step:

Set up manual simulation's water body;

Measure under the technical condition such as biological oxidation of sediment, water body biological restoration, chinampa formula compound bio filter bed water body, the various physical and chemical indexs of bed mud and biofacies in the river model;

Set up polluted-water biological restoration Mathematical Modeling;

Checking and correction physical analogy and Mathematical Modeling.

3. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described high-effective microorganism is to contain hay bacillus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, Cellulomonas, dinitrogen cellulomonas cartae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseuomonas denitrifican, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria etc. to have high activity, microorganism fungus kind that biochemical ability is strong.

4. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described reverse-flow type complex ecological filter bed is made up of filter bed framework, biologic packing material, collecting system, complex ecological plant; Described bedstead is arranged in the bed mud base soil layer in the water and forms the groove structure of an opening with the riverbank, is provided with collecting system in filter bed, fills with biologic packing material in the described filter bed framework, and described complex ecological plant growing is on described filter bed filler.

5. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that described artificial oxygenation equipment use is aeration oxygen increasing machine.

6. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the substep in the described sewage draining exit pre-treatment step:

The quantity of the blowdown flow rate of investigation sewage draining exit and water quality and investigation sewage draining exit and sewage quantity, water quality, the height at the dried up end of sewage draining exit of blowdown, each formed contaminated zone of blowdown area;

Bed mud situation around the investigation sewage draining exit, whether cement, slabstone sclerosis or soil layer construction are arranged, if the water body after the sclerosis of cement, slabstone, the sewage draining exit preliminary treatment frame of employing is to be that the frame construction of material is fixed in the riverbank with stainless steel tube or riglet, forms " recessed " type treatment pond;

According to displacement, water quality etc. are designed the volume of treatment pond;

The peace ratio is filled cobble, haydite, cinder, zeolite ratio successively and is in the middle of " recessed " type groove:

3: 2: 2: 1, the particle diameter of filler is 1～7mm, up to being parallel to the water surface;

Adopt that biologic packing material is parallel to be hung in the reaction tank in " recessed " type groove, density is 40 squares/cubic metre;

In populated processing reaction pond, water plants such as plantation parasol grass, canna, calamus, wild rice stem are 20～30 public plantations by spacing.

7. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described biologic packing material is formed by 100% polypropylene woven.

8. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the substep in the described step of setting up functional ecological chinampa and artificial swamp:

Set up the substep of artificial floating island:

Set up floating bed; The employing blue or green bamboo headtotail of becoming a useful person forms a framework that falls " field " shape;

Set up at the bottom of the frame; Adopt the fleece of high branch, the aperture is 5mm, smooth being fixed at the bottom of the framework, and fixing with No. 0.3 nylon rope along the binding of bamboo frame;

Fill bottom, in forming an opening frame, fill lightweight floating body materials such as the porous ceramic grain of 120/square centimeter of void content average out to and coke slag, and use through the shop solidating of high density coconut fiber rug surely, prevent that filler from leaking outside;

Fill the upper strata, highdensity coconut fiber rug tiling and fixing is adopted on the upper strata, in order to avoid the part haydite drops out the floating bed framework, is that 5 centimeters circle spacing is 30 centimeters punchings with radius on coconut fiber rug;

Treat under the floating bed behind the water that planting aquatic plants in the hole includes the burnt parasol grass of beauty, water plants such as cattail.

Set up the substep of artificial swamp:

Select the artificial swamp position;

Fixed mount is set, and in position, water body contact position, adopting bore is 12～15cm pine bar, be parallel to side by side the riverbank fixing with bed mud in, the pine spacing is 3～5cm;

Fill filler, filler is mainly mixing such as cobble, haydite, zeolite, cinder, and grain diameter is about 5 ~ 8cm;

Planting aquatic plants, floristics includes: canna, parasol grass, reed, wild rice stem, calamus, arrowhead etc.

9. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the substep that is comprised in the described endogenous pollution control digestion:

The indigenous microorganism inoculated and cultured; Bioactivation is short gives birth to;

Bed mud internal contamination digestion control uses target to handle.

10. urban water system stereo in-situ ecological restoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the substep in the described aquatic filter feeder cultivation input control step:

The surface layer filter-feeding fish is cultivated in domestication, selects silver carp, bighead, Tilapia mossambica etc. to cultivate and tames and throw in;

The filter-feeding zoobenthos is cultivated in domestication, and freshwater mussel, spiral shell are cultivated domestication and thrown in;

By controlling of filter-feeding fish → zooplankter, plant → nutriment, shorten food chain, accelerate transmission speed;

By regularly animal being salvaged, catches or organizing form such as fish, control its existence amount, purify water, improve ecosystem structure.