CN101016181A - Mud coagulation agent and mud coagulation separation method - Google Patents
Mud coagulation agent and mud coagulation separation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101016181A CN101016181A CN 200610166513 CN200610166513A CN101016181A CN 101016181 A CN101016181 A CN 101016181A CN 200610166513 CN200610166513 CN 200610166513 CN 200610166513 A CN200610166513 A CN 200610166513A CN 101016181 A CN101016181 A CN 101016181A
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- polyacrylamide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a making method of mud coagulation agent, which comprises the following steps: allocating each component with 0.025-0.100% ferric polysilicate, 0.025-0.100% polyacrylamide and 0.025-0.100%Na2CO3; making solutions; adding each solution into mud sequently; stirring to form turbulence; blending to separate from mud turbulence under flow turbulence condition for 0.5 min.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly middle and high concentration outstanding turbid fine sand grain in silt engineering field, He Hai lake to be assembled settlement separate agent of silt coagulation and silt coagulation separation method rapidly.
Background technology
The muddy coast that the numerous land stream of China forms is the important component part of China mainland seashore, is about more than 4000 kilometer, accounts for 22% of China mainland seashore.This makes in the coastal economic construction of country, will handle those mud matter oozes inevitably, as reclaiming land around sea, maritime works's bridge, harbour construction etc.Wherein, the problem of processing high density silt influences one of bottleneck of construction investment, job schedule, construction quality, environment protection often.
The rivers and lakes of China spread all over the place, and a large amount of silts, mud bring tremendous influence for water conservancy system, sea-lanes of communication and urban environment purification system.
Particularly, in now hydro project, waterway engineering, oceanographic engineering, beach silt engineering particularly in reclaiming land around sea engineering and the rivers and lakes desilting training works, water and suspension bed sediment sharp separation in the extremely short time is very difficult, this tends to produce, and the silt utilization is not thorough, water husky (mud) environment is not up to standard, the phenomenon that efficient resource can not make full use of: in the constructing operation process, the silt that mixes a large amount of suspensions in water can not the coacervation sedimentation, again return water body, also surrounding enviroment are had a negative impact simultaneously.For this reason, country has expressly provided the emission standard of turbidity in rivers and lakes and coastal waters construction in the recent period, in order to the ecotope of protection water body.The silt utilization ratio improves in order to observe national regulation in unit in charge of construction, often adopts the way of waiting for its natural subsidence, to discharge after the turbidity emission standard that reaches national regulation again.This has not only incured loss through delay the construction period, has caused huge waste for simultaneously the manpower of engineering and effective utilization of machinery.In the dredging training works of Shenzhen and Hong Kong engineering, Zhujiang River Haihe River, the Changjiang river, the Yellow River and the inland lake of two big Shenzhen and Hong Kong engineerings in the marine site, the Bohai Sea of the present under construction of China, the epeirogenetic engineering in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong-Fujian area, the emission problem of high density silt water brings huge puzzlement for the investment and the duration of engineering.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: agent of a kind of silt coagulation and silt coagulation separation method are provided; make the silt of a large amount of suspensions that occur in the silt engineering can assemble sedimentation rapidly; water separates automatically with the silt flocs unit or quickens to separate by machinery; improve the silt utilization ratio to reach, save construction investment, reduction of erection time, protect the natural ecological environment of water body simultaneously.
For this reason, the starting point of the present invention is:
1, agent of silt coagulation and generation method thereof.Silt coagulation of the present invention agent is used to assemble suspension bed sediment, increases the grain diameter and the density of flocs unit, improves the settling velocity of silt flocs unit; The agent of silt coagulation is made up of the high molecular polymer component.
The agent of a kind of silt coagulation: the main ingredient of this coagulation agent is calculated by the silt weight ratio of institute's coagulation, just accounts for the percentage calculation of silt weight by the composition weight of silt coagulation agent:
Ferric-polysilicate: 0.025-0.100%; Polyacrylamide: 0.025-0.100%; Na2CO3:0.025-0.100%.
A kind of making method of each component of silt coagulation agent:
(1) compound concentration is 0.5% ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid.Get a certain amount of water glass solution and dilute with tap water, with dilute sulphuric acid adjust pH 4.0, stir evenly and ageing 5h makes silicic acid polymerization with the rotating speed of 60r/min, add a certain amount of ferric sulfate and hot a little then, to make the concentration of ferric-polysilicate be 0.5% to thin up again.Ageing 10h get final product the ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid.The stability of the ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid that makes with this method is more than 15 days;
(2) the polyacrylamide solid is mixed with 0.5% reserve liquid, 0.5% reserve liquid shelf lives is seven days, is three days if be mixed with reserve liquid shelf lives of 0.05%.To note following item during obtain solution:
Solvent temperature: polyacrylamide is soluble in water, and suitable solvent temperature more can be brought into play its effect.As the silt coagulation agent that is specifically designed to the silt engineering, the dissolved temperature of the polyacrylamide of body material component is advisable with 20～40 ℃;
Agitation condition: the dissolving of polyacrylamide should avoid strong shearing force to stir, and strong excessively stirring can make molecular rupture, thereby reduced result of use.Stir and should adopt the low speed paddle, as anchor formula, frame, multilayer slurry formula etc., stirring velocity is controlled to be about 60r/min;
(3) technical pure yellow soda ash solid being mixed with concentration is 1% solution.
2, a kind of silt coagulation separation method.Water of the present invention and silt flocs unit fast separating process, be meant under the state of coagulation agent polymerization silt floc sedimentation, defeatedly move rule and make water separate with the silt flocs unit by component characteristic, turbulent fluctuation characteristic, silt floc settlement characteristic and the water of water and silt flocs unit liquid-solid two-phase are husky.Main contents comprise: the silt coagulation under the different envrionment conditions in coagulation agent blending under coagulation agent just of poly-husky ratio and silt proportioning, the effect of flow turbulence kinetic energy, the random circumference engineering-environment etc.Concrete operations are carried out according to the following steps:
(1) compound concentration is that 0.5% ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid, concentration are that 1% yellow soda ash reserve liquid, concentration are 0.5% polyacrylamide reserve liquid;
(2) order of pressing ferric-polysilicate solution, sodium carbonate solution, polyacrylamide solution in the silt of handling is successively fed in raw material, wherein ferric-polysilicate, yellow soda ash, each add-on of polyacrylamide for the per-cent of the silt weight of processing are: ferric-polysilicate: 0.025-0.100%, polyacrylamide: 0.025～0.100%, Na
2CO
3: 0.025-0.100%, the reinforced timed interval that adds ferric-polysilicate solution and sodium carbonate solution is 30 seconds, the reinforced timed interval that adds sodium carbonate solution and polyacrylamide is 15 seconds;
(3) silt of handling is stirred the generation turbulent fluctuation, water will separate with the silt flocs unit after mixing 0.5min under the flow turbulence effect.
As can be seen, silt coagulation isolation technique of the present invention is made up of the agent of silt coagulation and generation method thereof and water and silt flocs unit separation method two parts.The present invention is different from the flocculation technique of the sanitary sewage, coal washing waste water, oily(waste)water, paper waste of the low turbidity of processing in general sense etc., the present invention is to be processed be coagulation contain colloid mud interior wide grain join and concentration up to the silt mixing water of 300g/L, its turbidity exceeds 10000 times than above-mentioned waste water, and the turbidity of above-mentioned waste water is generally 30～200mg/L.Therefore, flocculation technique that use to handle the sanitary sewage, coal washing waste water, oily(waste)water, paper waste etc. of above-mentioned low turbidity be can not solve now the reclaiming land around sea engineering and rivers and lakes desilting training works in the sediment resource problem that can not make full use of.In silt coagulation isolation technique of the present invention, owing to utilize the flow turbulence energy to realize the high density of coagulation agent and water sand, big scale blending, need not to add mechanical energy generally speaking, make and in the application of relevant all kinds of engineerings, receive economy, coagulation effect easily; Moreover, because of silt coagulation volume density big, sedimentation is fast, reach water in can be in ten seconds under the hydrostatic environment and silt flocs unit separating interface is clear, the top clear water can promptly separate out and discharge naturally, the technology and the equipment that do not need filtering separation, for oceanographic engineering, beach engineering, enclose the sea make fill out, project of reclamation by pumping filling, navigation channel are dredged high engineering, lake dredging up engineering and the use of drawing the yellow back of the body engineering of becoming silted up etc. facilitates.This is that above-mentioned flocculation technique in general sense is difficult to realize.Silt coagulation isolation technique of the present invention produces after studying at the difficult problem in these silt engineering fields just.
At the silt engineering characteristic, coagulation agent among the present invention and generation method thereof are given prominence to its polymerization flocculence, drag reduction, associativity especially, are helped heavy property.For this reason, the coagulation agent constitutes the most of selected big flocculation material of molecular weight of employed coagulation material component.Wherein main component has ferric-polysilicate salt and polyacrylamide.
Ferric-polysilicate salt is a class novel inorganic high-molecular coagulant adopting, and the molecular weight of ferric-polysilicate salt coagulant is up to 10
5～10
6, be poly-silicic acid and the molysite compound product that on the basis of promptly poly-silicic acid of activated silicic acid and iron salt coagulant, grows up.Originally, poly-silicic acid belongs to anionic flocculant, its mechanism of action is the adsorption bridging effect that causes by the anion active group on the molecular chain and the Fan Dehuali between silt colloidal particle surface, hydrogen bond action, because molysite is compound, makes it have charge neutrality effect and adsorption bridging effect simultaneously.Generally speaking, the poly-silicic acid that has negative charge has higher molecular weight, and the silt micelle in the water body is had very strong adsorption bridging ability; And molysite hydrolysis in the aqueous solution can form a series of hydrolysis iron carbonyl ions that have positive charge, has stronger charge neutrality ability.If the two is compound, promptly become the efficient inorganic high-molecular coagulant adopting that has charge neutrality effect and adsorption bridging ability simultaneously, thereby obtain the effect of good coagulation silt, be more suitable for bridging action or volume is swept flocculation.
Polyacrylamide is to use maximum synthetic flocculation agents, and molecular weight is generally 1.5 * 10
6～6 * 10
6, its molecular chain is very long, and length is about 100A °.Polyacrylamide is the more active macromolecular compound of a kind of chemical property.Because the activity of amido makes polymkeric substance obtain the performance of many preciousnesses on the molecular side chain.Its amide group (CONH
2) can be affine with many materials, absorption forms hydrogen bond, this just makes it build bridge between the silt particle of absorption, even the dozens of particle is linked together, generate floc sedimentation, increase the sand grain particle diameter, accelerated particle sinks, and this makes it become one of ideal coagulation material.The coagulation action principle of polyacrylamide is: (1) polyacrylamide has polar group---amide group (CONH
2), be easy to borrow its hydrogen strong act on the sand grain surface adsorption; (2) polyacrylamide has very long molecular chain, and the long-chain of the big order of magnitude has huge adsorption surface area in water, so flocculation silt is made good use of, can utilize long-chain to build bridge between sand grain, forms oarse-grained suspension bed sediment flocs unit, quickens sedimentation.(3) by means of the flocculation of polyacrylamide with help the effect of coagulating, handle at suspension bed sediment the double ioinization compression can take place in the coagulation process, destroy suspension bed sediment particulate stability, the suspension bed sediment particle is combined, disperse phase is aggregated; (4) complex reaction between the ion can take place in the suspension bed sediment in high molecular polyacrylamide and the water; (5) because molecular chain is fixed on the surface of different sand grains, form the polymerization bridge between each solid phase particles.
The agent of silt coagulation selects for use above-mentioned macromolecule polymeric material all to be mixed into by mechanical-physical.By above-mentioned two kinds of macromolecule polymeric materials as main raw material(s) synthetic silt coagulation agent have general flocculation agent the good characteristic that can not compare: polymerization, drag reduction, help heavily, suitable especially rivers and lakes, beach, ocean, navigation channel harbour, the wide grain of hydraulic reclamation epeirogenetic are joined, the silt engineering of subparticle high density.
As seen from the above: the coagulation method principle of silt coagulation isolation technique of the present invention is: (1) adsorption bridging: the component molecular chain of silt coagulation agent is fixed on the suspension bed sediment particle surface, make the bridge that forms polymkeric substance between each particle, make most sand grains form the bridging body; (2) net is caught volume and is swept effect: the molecular chain of silt coagulation agent component with by the disperse phase of coagulation silt by effects such as various physical chemistry, disperse phase is pulled in together, form reticulated structure, thereby hauling catch to roll up and sweep effect, make shale, water quality phase interface clear; (3) surface adsorption: silt coagulation agent component molecule makes fine sand grain form aggregate to being applied various adsorptive poweies by the polar group particle on coagulation silt surface; (4) agent of silt coagulation changes by coagulation silt and other by the surface properties of coagulation thing, particularly changes its electrokinetic potential, viscosity etc., can reduce its electrokinetic potential and viscosity rapidly and coagulation; (5) agent of silt coagulation increases the density of the aggregate that forms at coagulation suspension bed sediment particulate simultaneously, makes the aggregate sedimentation of formation rapid.
Water and the isolating principle of silt flocs unit in the silt coagulation isolation technique of the present invention are: (1) silt flocculation polymerization: water sand/mud two-phase mixture is under the effect of coagulation agent, sand grain is by the flow turbulence effect, randomly changing locus continuously, increase the contact probability of sand grain, form the silt polymer through the effect of coagulation agent; (2) the inner drag reduction of current: the coagulation agent is dissolved in water sand/mud two-phase mixture, and its physics chemical action can make the inner drag reduction of water body up to more than 50%, greatly weakens the viscous force of water and silt, builds the low resistance space environment; (3) water and silt flocs unit gravitational difference: when the coagulation agent acted on high density silt in the water, on the one hand, the hydration reaction of coagulation agent had changed the various physicochemical properties of sand grain surface bonding moisture film, has increased the density of silt flocs unit; On the other hand, the sand grain that the coagulation agent can the polymerization One's name is legion generates silt flocs unit monomer, thereby has increased the monomeric weight of silt flocs unit, and then makes water and solid phase produce great gravitational difference, is easy to separating of water and silt flocs unit; (4) add interaction energy: in the part engineering, use to add interaction energy and can quicken separating of silt polymer and water, as using whizzer machinery energy, reservoir potential energy, flow in river bend acting etc.
Starting material by the agent of physics synthetic silt coagulation are taken from the environment-friendly type macromolecule polymkeric substance, and itself is nontoxic, meets national drinking water standard through silt coagulation agent treated water.Table 1. is a PORT OF TIANJIN high density mud silt (contain quantity of sand and mud and reach 30%, be i.e. 300g/L) after silt coagulation isolation technique is handled, and gets its surperficial clear water and chemically examines the result of detection.This result shows that the water quality after silt coagulation isolation technique is handled satisfies national water quality standard for drinking water requirement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the continuous construction operation schematic diagram of silt coagulation separation method.
Embodiment
A kind of silt coagulation agent embodiment 1～3 is raw materials used and add proportioning shown in table 2., and the component of coagulation agent is by the silt weight ratio of institute's coagulation, and just the composition weight by the agent of silt coagulation accounts for the per-cent of handling silt weight.
Raw materials used and the proportioning unit of table 2 silt coagulation agent: %
| Ferric-polysilicate | Polyacrylamide | Na 2CO 3 | Add up to | |
| |
0.100 | 0.025 | 0.050 | 0.175 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 0.100 | 0.200 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.025 | 0.100 | 0.025 | 0.150 |
The making method of a kind of silt coagulation agent: (1) takes raw material by the prescription and the proportioning of table 2., makes respectively: concentration is that 0.5% ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid, concentration are that 0.5% polyacrylamide solution, concentration are 1% sodium carbonate solution; During enforcement, use and all mix the homo-mixer thin up mixing of precision up to 200,000 times; (2) order of pressing ferric-polysilicate solution, sodium carbonate solution, polyacrylamide solution in the silt of handling is successively fed in raw material, wherein ferric-polysilicate, yellow soda ash, each add-on of polyacrylamide are that the per-cent of the silt weight of processing is the amount in the table 2., the reinforced timed interval that adds ferric-polysilicate solution and sodium carbonate solution is 30 seconds, and the reinforced timed interval that adds sodium carbonate solution and polyacrylamide is 15 seconds; (3) silt of handling is stirred the generation turbulent fluctuation, water will separate with the silt flocs unit after mixing 0.5min under the flow turbulence effect.
Table 3. is raw materials used and add the result of proportioning to the high density silt sample of taking from various places by the embodiment shown in the table 2. 1～3.
Table 1
PORT OF TIANJIN high density silt sand (30%, i.e. 300g/L) is handled the examining report of rear surface clear water through the agent of silt coagulation
Report number: WJZ20061006 reported date: on September 16th, 2006
| Sample presentation unit | Wuhan Lude Technologies Co., Ltd. | ||||||||||
| Test mode | Spot sampling () on-the-spot test () is from sample presentation (√) | Datelanded | On September 12nd, 2006 | ||||||||
| Describe from the feeding sample situation | State: water sample color: do not have packing: Plastic Bottle quantity: 3 | ||||||||||
| Sample preparation | Measure submitted sample 100mL, be dissolved in the 1000mL volumetric flask, get this liquid-like and carry out analytical test. | ||||||||||
| The sample title | Test event and test result (mg/L) | ||||||||||
| The agent of silt coagulation | Fluorochemical | Prussiate | Mercury Hg | Plumbous Pb | Cadmium Cd | Copper Cu | Arsenic As | Chromium Cr 6+(sexavalence) | |||
| Detect the result | 0.10 | Do not detect | ＜0.0001 | ＜0.001 | ＜0.001 | 0.03 | ＜0.0004 | ＜0.004 | |||
| The national standard limit value | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.0001 | 0.05 | 0.005 | 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.05 | |||
| Testing method | Undertaken by the national standard analytical procedure. | ||||||||||
| Illustrate: this test unit is: " monitoring station, national Urban water supply water quality monitoring (WQM) net Wuhan " | |||||||||||
Table 3 silt coagulation isolation technique is to the result of the high density silt sample of taking from various places
| Before the silt sample preparation | After the silt sample preparation | ||||||||||
| The sample sequence number | Sample source | Silt sample compound concentration/gL -1 | The silt sample contains soil amount/gL -1 | Silt sample sand content/gL -1 | Sample volume/mL | pH | Add proportioning | Coagulation agent dosage/‰ | Silt residual concentration/gL -1 | pH | The |
| 1 | Port, Nansha mud | 150 | 118 | 32 | 500 | 7.3 | |
1.75 | 0.02 | 9.5 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 5 seconds |
| 2 | Port, Nansha mud | 300 | 236 | 64 | 500 | 7.3 | Embodiment 3 | 1.50 | 0.03 | 9.8 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 10 seconds |
| 3 | PORT OF TIANJIN mud | 150 | 132 | 18 | 500 | 7.8 | |
1.75 | 0.02 | 9.6 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 5 seconds |
| 4 | PORT OF TIANJIN mud | 300 | 264 | 36 | 500 | 7.8 | Embodiment 3 | 1.50 | 0.04 | 9.7 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 10 seconds |
| 5 | South Lake, Wuhan mud | 150 | 135 | 15 | 500 | 7.5 | |
1.75 | 0.02 | 9.3 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 5 seconds |
| 6 | South Lake, Wuhan mud | 300 | 270 | 30 | 500 | 7.5 | Embodiment 2 | 2.00 | 0.01 | 9.9 | Flco is big, and sedimentation is fast, promptly finishes in 10 seconds |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of silt coagulation agent: the main ingredient of this coagulation agent is by the silt weight ratio of institute's coagulation, just accounts for the per-cent of handling silt weight by the composition weight of silt coagulation agent and counts:
Ferric-polysilicate: 0.025-0.100%; Polyacrylamide: 0.025-0.100%; Na
2CO
3: 0.025-0.100%.
2, a kind of silt coagulation separation method, carry out according to the following steps: (1) gets each component of coagulation agent by the proportioning of coagulation agent, and to be mixed with concentration be that 0.5% ferric-polysilicate reserve liquid, concentration are that 1% yellow soda ash reserve liquid, concentration are 0.5% polyacrylamide reserve liquid; (2) order of pressing ferric-polysilicate solution, sodium carbonate solution, polyacrylamide solution in the silt of handling is successively fed in raw material, wherein ferric-polysilicate, yellow soda ash, each add-on of polyacrylamide for the per-cent of the silt weight of processing are: ferric-polysilicate: 0.025-0.100%, polyacrylamide: 0.025-0.100%, Na
2CO
3: 0.025-0.100%; (3) silt of handling is stirred the generation turbulent fluctuation, water will separate with the silt flocs unit after mixing 0.5min under the flow turbulence effect.
3,2 described silt coagulation separation methods as requested is characterized in that: the reinforced timed interval that adds ferric-polysilicate solution and sodium carbonate solution is 30 seconds, and the reinforced timed interval of adding sodium carbonate solution and polyacrylamide is 15 seconds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101665135A CN100465102C (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Mud coagulation agent and mud coagulation separation method |
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|---|---|
| CN101016181A true CN101016181A (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| CN100465102C CN100465102C (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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ID=38725434
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102260032A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-11-30 | 佛山科创玮景环保技术有限公司 | Sludge treatment method |
| CN102765795A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-11-07 | 杨国录 | Fast Yellow River slurry separation agent and separation method of Yellow River slurry |
| JP2013116457A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-06-13 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Flocculation treatment method of silt-containing water and device |
| CN103449583A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州康华净化系统工程有限公司 | Water purifying agent |
| CN103524016A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | Stable settling agent and stable settling method of heavy-metal bottom mud |
| CN110510841A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-29 | 曹振 | A kind of dregs silt release agent and its application method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1072660A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1993-06-02 | 王珍 | Settling agent for silt and production method |
| DK1575880T3 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2010-09-20 | Carriere R Poudrette Inc | Method and device for treating raw manure |
-
2006
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102260032A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-11-30 | 佛山科创玮景环保技术有限公司 | Sludge treatment method |
| CN102260032B (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2013-06-12 | 佛山科创玮景环保技术有限公司 | Sludge treatment method |
| JP2013116457A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2013-06-13 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Flocculation treatment method of silt-containing water and device |
| CN102765795A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-11-07 | 杨国录 | Fast Yellow River slurry separation agent and separation method of Yellow River slurry |
| CN102765795B (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2013-12-04 | 杨国录 | Fast Yellow River slurry separation agent and separation method of Yellow River slurry |
| CN103449583A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州康华净化系统工程有限公司 | Water purifying agent |
| CN103524016A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | Stable settling agent and stable settling method of heavy-metal bottom mud |
| CN110510841A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-29 | 曹振 | A kind of dregs silt release agent and its application method |
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| CN100465102C (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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