CN100578960C - Broadband asymmetric service radio communication base station antenna system and its realizing method - Google Patents
Broadband asymmetric service radio communication base station antenna system and its realizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100578960C CN100578960C CN200510076665A CN200510076665A CN100578960C CN 100578960 C CN100578960 C CN 100578960C CN 200510076665 A CN200510076665 A CN 200510076665A CN 200510076665 A CN200510076665 A CN 200510076665A CN 100578960 C CN100578960 C CN 100578960C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wideband asymmetry service wireless communication base station antenna system and relative realizing method, wherein said system comprises: M emitting channels, N receiving channels, and K antenna units, while K is higher than M and N; when emitting, using M of K antenna units to complete the MIMO or the combination between MIMO and OFDM; when receiving, using N of K antenna units to complete DBF; said M antenna units can supply independent transmission paths; said N antenna units have strong relativity. The invention combines the MIMO technique and the OFDM technique, with high communication efficiency and high spectrum utilization, to meet the demand of descending high data rate; and the invention uses self-adaptable DBF processing technique when in ascending range, to meet the demands as simple operation and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna system and its implementation.
Background technology
In mobile communication system, generally form system by base station and terminal.Along with the informationization of society, people more and more rely on INTERNET and various multimedia service.And, wish to communicate by letter with anyone and mechanism at any time and any place.This just makes various advanced technologies be used in the wireless broadband communication base station system in succession.For example, multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) is the key technology of next generation wireless communication system (B3G/4G, WLAN, BWA, MBWA etc.), but its hypothesis applied environment is the flat fading wireless channel, and this hypothesis is generally untenable in broadband system.OFDM (OFDM) is a kind of multi-carrier modulation technology, transmitting terminal sends data-modulated to a plurality of mutually orthogonal subcarriers simultaneously, each subcarrier all is the arrowband, has very strong anti-multipath decline ability, thereby can think that for each subcarrier, channel is a flat fading.On the other hand, the MIMO technology can improve the capability of communication system and the availability of frequency spectrum exponentially under the situation that does not increase bandwidth, therefore the MIMO technology is combined with the OFDM technology, adapts to the requirement of system development trend of future generation.Studies show that under the fading channel environment, ofdm system is fit to use the MIMO technology to come the raising capacity very much.MIMO OFDM technology is by adopting array antenna implementation space diversity in the OFDM transmission system, improved signal quality, is joint OFDM and MIMO and a kind of new technology of obtaining.It has utilized time, three kinds of diversity techniques of frequency and space, and wireless system is increased greatly to the tolerance limit of noise, interference, multipath.Therefore, in the system that needs High Data Rate and high spectrum utilization, the technology that MIMO and OFDM combine begins to receive publicity.
DBF is a technology commonly used in the adaptive smart antenna system, and it is the combination of Digital Signal Processing and adaptive algorithm, has more and more important position in the modern digital wireless communication system.But its application conditions and MIMO technology have bigger different.Specifically, each antenna element has relative independentability in the MIMO requirement system, and promptly spatial coherence is the smaller the better; DBF is then opposite, wishes that each antenna element has stronger correlation in the system.
In information age today, along with popularizing of network, people's work and life more and more be unable to do without network, because, as long as online, just be connected, between the individual, between individual and enterprise and the mechanism, the various exchanges and communication between the enterprise institution, people's work, learnt, explain the puzzle with the information system in the whole world; Life, leisure and shopping or the like be we can say, the people in the present age also be unable to do without network a moment.Therefore, satisfying people surfs the Net whenever and wherever possible and becomes the main target of new generation of wireless wide-band communication system.At present, the mankind have set up various databases in network world, constitute huge knowledge system, satisfy that people seek knowledge, amusement (VOD, recreation etc.).People only need ask a question or send simple instruction, just can download whole film on the net, or online transmit video recreation dynamic image, or the like.And a common feature of these application is exactly, and people send instructions only needs few data flows, is very huge data flow and network is sent back, and promptly business is asymmetric.Therefore, people begin more and more to pay close attention to how to realize an asymmetric efficiently Wireless Broadband Communication Systems.
Under non-symmetrical service wide-band communication system condition, in order to satisfy descending high data transfer rate demand, the mimo system on M road has often been adopted in the base station, promptly has M antenna at least, so that reach tens to Gbps up to a hundred data transfer rate; And up, when promptly the base station receives, often as long as the much lower data transfer rate that gets.The shortcoming of prior art is: directly use as single antenna, perhaps as diversity.If still use when receiving and launch a same M antenna and finish DBF,, can't get a desired effect because can't take into account MIMO and two kinds of needed operational environments of technology of DBF.In this case, otherwise because satisfied MIMO, make DBF need good correlation between antenna element to satisfy and can't effectively form wave beam requirement relatively independent between antenna element; Satisfy the strong correlation between the DBF antenna element and made the performance of MIMO descend greatly.If, make same aerial array present diverse correlation properties because the frequency frequency range is different by making under the up and descending situation by FDD (frequency division multiplexing), then require descending and up frequency to differ and reach 10 octaves, this obviously is unpractiaca.United States Patent (USP) 6058105 " Multipleantenna communication system and method theoreof " has proposed a kind of MIMO technology multiaerial system; United States Patent (USP) 5034752 " Multiple-Beam antenna system with active modules and digitalbeam-forming " has proposed a kind of wireless communication system based on DBF.But, the system and the concrete grammar that do not have MIMO technology and DBF technology to realize simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna system and implementation method, can make full use of the antenna system resource of non-symmetrical service Wireless Broadband Communication Systems base station, in same base station, utilize same antenna family, realized two kinds of technology of MIMO and DBF.
The broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna system that the present invention proposes comprises: M transmission channel, a N receive path and K antenna element, and wherein K is greater than M, N; When emission uses in K the antenna element M to finish MIMO or MIMO combines with OFDM, N antenna when reception in K antenna of use finished DBF; A described M antenna element can provide relatively independent transmission path, and a described N antenna element has strong correlation.
A described M transmission antenna unit and N reception antenna unit are independently chosen from a described K antenna element respectively, and the antenna element of choosing can be a transmit-receive sharing.
Described K antenna element formed antenna family, and this antenna family can be: circle battle array, linear array, square formation, 3 D stereo battle array.
Antenna subsystem of described antenna family's formation, described M antenna element formed the base station emission system, and described N antenna element formed base station intelligent antenna DBF receiving system.
The implementation method of the broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna that the present invention proposes is: M antenna element choosing the transmission path that can provide relatively independent when emission in K antenna element is used for MIMO or MIMO combines with OFDM; When receiving, in K antenna element, choose N antenna element and be used for DBF with strong correlation.
Identical antenna element can adopt duplexer unit mechanism in a selected M transmission antenna unit and N the reception antenna unit.
The selection principle of a described M transmission antenna unit is: select between antenna element far and make the little antenna element of correlation between antenna element as transmission antenna unit.
Described N reception antenna unit can be chosen according to the principle of half wavelength.
Described K antenna element formed antenna family, and this antenna family can be: circle battle array, linear array, square formation, 3 D stereo battle array.
The present invention has following characteristics:
Wireless broadband communication base station antenna system of the present invention is fit to asymmetric wireless broadband communication service application occasion.This system descending has the higher traffic rate and the higher availability of frequency spectrum, so that satisfy descending requirement to High Data Rate because adopt the MIMO technology to combine with the OFDM technology.Up employing Adaptive DBF treatment technology satisfies terminal and realizes simply relatively, realizes demands such as cost is lower, and is when terminal when being portable, significant especially.
Characteristics of the present invention also are, by certain criterion and strategy, in the individual antenna family that independently antenna element is formed, realize two technology that can not realize simultaneously simultaneously in general communication antenna system: MIMO and DBF by K at one neatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a base station antenna system composition frame chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is transceiver channel of the present invention and antenna family connected mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of base station antenna system of the present invention.
Embodiment
System of the present invention relates to the antenna system of a base station, and utilizes same antenna system successfully to realize MIMO (in conjunction with OFDM) and two kinds of technology of DBF.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
The base station is the MIMO structure with M road transmitter and M antenna choosing from K antenna in when emission, so that satisfy the descending high data rate services characteristic demand of asymmetric system of broadband wireless communication; When receiving, from K antenna, select N and N road receiver composition DBF structure for use, so that simplify terminal to greatest extent: reduce transmitting power and require and cost.
As Fig. 1, system descending requires that big data transfer rate is arranged, so down link of the present invention adopts MIMO and OFDM technology to combine, so that realize the purpose of broadband, High Data Rate and high spectrum utilization.The base station adopts the MIMO technology of M antenna to launch.M can be an arbitrary integer.Suitable M value can be taken into account performance requirement and two aspects of Project Realization low-complexity of base station High Data Rate preferably.At this moment, system can be applicable to the situation of broadband, High Data Rate.The availability of frequency spectrum also improves one more than the order of magnitude than present system.Certainly, realize MIMO, in theory, M is can greater than 2 integer.
When receiving, the mode that then adopts Adaptive DBF to handle can make full use of a plurality of antennas of base station system under the future that guarantees downlink data rate, form smart antenna, and the smart antenna of base station can be simplified terminal well.
Base station system is formed an antenna family by the individual independently antenna element of K.Because the key of using the MIMO technology to improve power system capacity is that system has the independent transmission paths that is no less than the M bar, therefore M the antenna of selecting from K should satisfy above-mentioned condition, be uncorrelated between M antenna element promptly or correlation less; Again because the smart antenna that DBF forms needs N antenna element to have stronger correlation, therefore, the choice criteria of N antenna choice criteria of M antenna when launching is different.Adopt N antenna and N road receiver during reception, realize the Adaptive DBF processing.
1) the MIMO+OFDM mode is adopted in emission, and this mode is to improve the downlink communication capacity, and multi-path environment is fit to the MIMO technology, and promptly independence or weak associated pathway are more for a long time;
2) receive DBF and realize the smart antenna function, when the multipath correlation is strong, and up-link capacity uses much smaller than descending situation.Because the characteristic of smart antenna, the reception narrow beam of base station can be aimed at the terminal of being communicated by letter adaptively, thereby makes the transmitting power of terminal littler, reduces the equipment cost of terminal, prolongs battery service time.Usually, then only need than descending minority data transfer rate doubly.Therefore, can adopt narrower bandwidth and lower data transfer rate.
According to the dependence of information age people to network, thereby under many circumstances, people need a kind of system that the non-symmetrical service service can be provided.The invention has the advantages that, a solution is provided, its performance can satisfy the demand.Simultaneously, the high availability of frequency spectrum is arranged.And the latter is very important in radio communication.Because frequency resource is very valuable, non-renewable resource in radio communication.The architecture that adopts the present invention to provide can obviously improve the availability of frequency spectrum.The present invention be advantageous in that, can be applied to asymmetric radio communication.According to using the business model difference, bandwidth that can the flexible allocation up-downgoing.Promptly the TDD system can be suitable for, also the FDD system can be suitable for.
When terminal is a portable set, during as mobile phone, the technical complexity of equipment often directly has influence on its volume, weight, power consumption and cost.In this case, transmitting power, cost and the energy consumption that as far as possible reduces terminal often becomes the key of problem.A kind of method commonly used is, suitably increases the complexity of base station, and as adopting smart antenna at the base station end, adaptive smart antenna can be adjusted the shape and the sensing of received beam adaptively according to terminal present position and environment.Its benefit is to improve the coverage of base station greatly, changes wave beam as required and covers shape.Reduced the required transmitting power of terminal, reduce the interference of other terminal and base station, improve receiving sensitivity and signal to noise ratio, thereby reduced the complexity of terminal, reduce manufacturing cost, prolonged the service time of battery, and be very important for a portable multimedia portable terminal service time of battery.
Below, in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, how this antenna system of specific implementation of the present invention is described:
The realization reference model of radio antenna of the present invention system is seen Fig. 1.The base station will need the data 101 of launching, and carry out the MIMO mapping by 102, after the up-conversion, link to each other with antenna family 104 by M road transmitter 113 to 1M3.See Fig. 2 with the method for attachment of antenna family, promptly in order to reach the specification requirement of MIMO, choose M antenna element and be connected with M transmitter of transmission channel from K antenna element of antenna family, promptly M transmitter 311 to 3P1 and 3Q1 link to each other to 3M2 with the M that a selects antenna element 312 to 3P2 and 3Q2 respectively to 3M1;
When the base station received, N receiver by N antenna element choosing in the antenna family 104 and receive path 215 was connected to 2N5, as Fig. 1.With concrete method of attachment such as Fig. 2 of antenna family, promptly N receiver 411 to 4P1 and 4J1 link to each other to 4N2 with the M that a selects antenna element 312 to 3P2 and 4J2 respectively to 4N1.Receive path is finished down-conversion, and the A/D conversion is given the adaptive digital wave beam with each road signal and formed processing unit 206, and the received signal of reduction is 207.
Antenna family is K antenna element altogether, and a M antenna of the corresponding connection of transmission channel institute and the pairing N of a receive path antenna wherein have P individual overlapping.That is in this antenna system, transmit-receive sharing P antenna, promptly in Fig. 2, P antennas confession transmit-receive sharing of numbering 312 to 3P2 in the antenna family.M-P antenna element is only for emission usefulness altogether and 3Q2 is to 3M2, and 4J2 is total to N-P antenna element to 4N2 and only uses for receiving.The selection principle of N antenna element is to satisfy receiver to finish the specification requirement that Adaptive DBF reaches.
The DBF requirement when receiving is satisfied in MIMO requirement when launching in order to guarantee that antenna family is promptly satisfied again, and the shape of antenna family and antenna element number K must have certain requirement.Antenna family can be designed to other form array of planar array, circular array, linear array or 2,3 dimensions; The antenna element number K should be greater than among M and the N any one, so that the enough big degree of freedom is arranged when selecting the dual-mode antenna unit.The form of antenna element itself does not then limit, and is principle can satisfy system requirements.
Establish K=8, M=4, N=8 and P=4 below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 3, an embodiment is described in detail.Need to prove, under circle battle array situation, be a kind of special example, and, be a kind of relatively harsher situation comparatively speaking:
1) with K=8 antenna element, dipole antenna for example, microstrip antenna or how wooden antenna etc. are arranged to the circle battle array by the space half wavelength;
2) choosing of M transmitting antenna, according to the uncorrelated principle of trying one's best, get even number (A2, A4, A6, A8) or odd number (A1, A3, A5,4 antennas A7) zoom out the space length of unit as far as possible,
So that reduce its correlation;
3) N then gets whole 8 antennas (A1-A8), meets the technical need of antenna system DBF.
Adopt M antenna during base station, realize emission MIMO (can with OFDM combination), be intended to improve the downstream spectrum utilance; Receive and adopt the DBF smart antenna, be intended to rationally utilize antenna for base station family resource, reduce terminal complexity, thereby reduce the power consumption and the cost of terminal.
Claims (9)
1. broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna system is characterized in that described system comprises: M transmission channel, a N receive path and K antenna element, and wherein K is greater than M, N; M transmission antenna unit when emission in K antenna element of use finishes MIMO or MIMO combines with OFDM, N reception antenna unit when receiving in K antenna element of use finished the described M of a DBF transmission antenna unit can provide relatively independent transmission path, and described N reception antenna unit has strong correlation.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a described M transmission antenna unit and N reception antenna unit are independently chosen from a described K antenna element respectively, and the antenna element of choosing can be a transmit-receive sharing.
3. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described K antenna element formed antenna family, and this antenna family is: circle battle array, linear array, square formation or 3 D stereo battle array.
4. system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, antenna subsystem of described antenna family's formation, and described M transmission antenna unit formed the base station emission system, and base station intelligent antenna DBF receiving system is formed in described N reception antenna unit.
5. the implementation method of a broadband non-symmetrical service radio communication base station antenna, it is characterized in that described method comprises: M transmission antenna unit the time choosing the transmission path that can provide relatively independent when emission in K antenna element is used for MIMO or MIMO combines with OFDM; When receiving, in K antenna element, choose N reception antenna unit and be used for DBF with strong correlation.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, identical antenna element adopts duplexer unit mechanism in a selected M transmission antenna unit and N the reception antenna unit.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described methods, it is characterized in that the selection principle of a described M transmission antenna unit is: select between antenna element far and make the little antenna element of correlation between antenna element as transmission antenna unit.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described methods, it is characterized in that described N reception antenna unit chosen according to the principle of half wavelength.
9. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described K antenna element formed antenna family, and this antenna family is: circle battle array, linear array, square formation or 3 D stereo battle array.
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| CN200510076665A CN100578960C (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | Broadband asymmetric service radio communication base station antenna system and its realizing method |
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| CN200510076665A CN100578960C (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2005-06-13 | Broadband asymmetric service radio communication base station antenna system and its realizing method |
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| CN100578960C true CN100578960C (en) | 2010-01-06 |
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| CN105191170B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2018-11-02 | 富士通株式会社 | Communication system, base station, mobile station and quality of reception assay method |
| EP3096546B1 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2020-11-04 | Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. | Base station and beam covering method |
| CN104539329B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-07-03 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | A kind of antenna and active antenna system |
| CN112313837A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-02-02 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | VMIMO antenna, microwave radar and movable platform |
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