CN100576035C - Semi penetration type liquid crystal indicator and color liquid crystal display arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of semi penetration type liquid crystal indicator and color liquid crystal display arrangement are provided, and this device is at first substrate that possesses first electrode and possess between second substrate of second electrode inclosure vertical orientation type liquid crystal layer; Each pixel region has reflector space and penetration region; Possess the adjustment part, gap in first substrate-side or second substrate-side, this adjustment part, gap makes gap (dr) at reflector space than littler in the gap of penetration region (dt), and (thickness of this liquid crystal layer, d) control is towards the phase differential of the incident light of liquid crystal layer in this gap.And in pixel region, the orientation control part of cutting apart LCD alignment in a pixel region is set at one of them or two of first substrate-side or second substrate-side.And, change this gap with R, G, B, make to be optimized to be possible.

Description

Semi penetration type liquid crystal indicator and color liquid crystal display arrangement

The application is that application number is 200510072215.5, and the applying date is on May 23rd, 2005, and denomination of invention is divided an application for the Chinese patent application of " semi penetration type liquid crystal indicator and color liquid crystal display arrangement ".

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of semi penetration type liquid crystal indicator that is provided with reflector space and penetration region in each pixel.

Background technology

Liquid crystal indicator (to call LCD in the following text) possesses the feature of slim and low power consumption, is extensively applied to now in the display of graphoscope, Portable information machine etc.This LCD, be between a pair of substrate, to enclose liquid crystal, the orientation that is positioned at the liquid crystal between substrate by the electrode control that is formed on each substrate shows, this LCD and CRT (cathode-ray tube (CRT)) display, electroluminescence (electroluminescence, to call EL in the following text) difference such as display, since can not self be luminous on the principle, therefore for observer's display image is needed light source.

Therefore, in penetrating type LCD, adopt transparency electrode, and in the display panels back and side configuration light source, control the transit dose of this light source light,, also can show brightly even therefore ambient light is darker with liquid crystal panel as the electrode that is formed at each substrate.But, owing to often light source igniting is shown, therefore have and can't avoid because the characteristic of the power consumption that light source produces, or, can't guarantee the characteristic of sufficient contrast as under the very strong environment of the light outside the room by day.

On the other hand, in reflection type LCD, the outer light of the sun, indoor lamp etc. is adopted as light source, will be incident to these ambient lights of liquid crystal panel, the reflecting electrode of the substrate by being formed on non-sightingpiston side reflects.Then, control the quantity of light emission that is incident to liquid crystal layer and penetrates from liquid crystal panel according to each pixel, thereby show by the light after the reflective electrodes reflects.This kind reflection type LCD is owing to adopt outer light as light source, therefore different with penetrating type LCD, owing to there is not the power consumption of light source, and has low-down low power consumption, and ought wait bright situation without on every side, can obtain sufficient contrast, on the contrary, outside having, under the situation of light, do not have and to see characteristics showed.

Therefore, proposing a kind of can the sight easily without recently looks, and in the dark also observable display, and attracted attention, for example possessed the semi penetration type LCD that reflection function and light penetrate function what the flat 11-101992 communique of Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication, Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication 2003-255399 communique etc. disclosed.This penetrating type LCD is by being provided with penetration region and reflector space in a pixel region, and seeks to have the function of penetrating and reflection function simultaneously.

So owing to can have recognizing property of the knowledge room outside and the recognizing property of knowledge under the dim situation simultaneously, therefore adopt aforesaid semi penetration type LCD conduct for example the display of portable information machine etc. be very useful.

But among this Portable information machine etc., it is various that contemplated observation state has, even in order to realize that multiple observation state (particularly various viewing angle) all can carry out high-quality demonstration, and the angle of must broadening one's vision.

In addition, because half penetrability LCD is to be penetration region and reflector space with a pixel segmentation, thereby realize half penetrability, therefore through characteristic, the reflection characteristic of a pixel part are lower than penetrating type LCD or reflection type LCD, therefore in order to improve the display quality of each viewing area (penetration region, reflector space), be which zone all must have higher contrast.

But, about semi penetration type LCD, also only rest on the improvement of the structure that possesses function of penetrating and reflection function simultaneously, and do not attempt the expansion of wild angle, the raising of contrast etc. as yet in order to improve display quality.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to be purpose with the high display quality of realizing semi penetration type LCD, color LCD.

(means of dealing with problems)

The present invention can realize foregoing semi penetration type LCD, and possesses following feature.

That is, be a kind of liquid crystal indicator, it possesses a plurality of pixels, and at first substrate with first electrode and have between second substrate of second electrode, encloses vertical orientation type liquid crystal layer; Each pixel region has reflector space and penetration region; In aforementioned reflector space, at least one side in aforementioned first substrate-side or aforementioned second substrate-side has the adjustment part, gap, with so that in the gap of aforementioned reflector space (gap) than little in the gap of aforementioned penetration region, wherein aforementioned gap control enter liquid crystal layer incident light phase differential and by the thickness defined of this liquid crystal layer; And, in the aforementioned pixel region,, have the orientation control part of in a pixel region, cutting apart the alignment direction of liquid crystal the either side or the both sides of aforementioned first substrate-side or second substrate-side.

So, by in semi penetration type LCD, adopting vertical orientation type liquid crystal layer, turn round shape nematic (TN, Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal etc. relatively, can improve its responsiveness, and can realize the demonstration of high-contrast with for example well-known.And, carry out the aforementioned TN liquid crystal etc. of orientation control with the prerequisite of additional pre-tilt and compare, in vertical orientation type liquid crystal, owing to be to be controlled to the relative base plan of the orientation of liquid crystal parallel or vertical, therefore the vision interdependence is low on the principle, compared to the TN liquid crystal, can enlarge its angle of visibility.And, because the present invention is provided with the orientation control part that the LCD alignment direction is cut apart in a pixel region in a pixel region, even therefore observing the situation of LCD from various angles, the interior possibility of scope that any zone of being cut apart falls into the optimal angle of visibility of this observation place can improve, and can further enlarge the angle of visibility of a pixel.So, no matter dim on every side still bright, can both realize the more demonstration of high-contrast with high speed and broad angle of visibility.

In addition, know even calculate also merely, pass through 2 times reflector space and only pass through in the penetration region once at incident light, total optical path length in liquid crystal layer is different, and by the adjustment part, gap being arranged in the pixel region, and can in reflector space and penetration region, obtain optimal thickness of liquid crystal layer (cel-gap (cell gap)) respectively.Therefore, be that reflector space or penetration region all do not have colour cast etc., and can realize optimal reflectivity, penetrance, make bright and the good demonstration of the color reprodubility possibility that becomes.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, aforementioned orientation control part possesses in the either side of aforementioned first electrode or aforementioned second electrode or both formed electrodeless portions.

Perhaps, aforementioned orientation control part possesses, from the either side of aforementioned first substrate-side or aforementioned second substrate-side or the teat that both give prominence to aforementioned liquid crystal layer.In addition, also electrodeless and teat can be set simultaneously in a pixel region, with as this orientation control part.

In aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, the end face of the aforementioned gap adjustment part in the aforementioned pixel region more can have the function as aforementioned orientation control part.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, the LCD alignment position angle of being controlled via aforementioned orientation control part in the aforementioned pixel region, the azimuthal differential seat angle of controlling with other orientation control part of LCD alignment is discontented 90 degree, and wherein aforementioned other orientation control part has the projection line that the projection line to base plan with aforementioned orientation control part intersects.

By setting for, and can prevent really that the not ad-hoc location in a zone of being cut apart by the orientation control part from producing the problem that disclination line (disclination line) (border in the zone that alignment direction is different) produces the uneven grade of demonstration less than 90 degree.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, aforementioned a plurality of pixel comprises the pixel of red usefulness, green usefulness, blue usefulness, in the either party or both sides of the penetration region of each pixel or reflector space, aforementioned red with, green different with the gap of other color pixel with one of them person in the pixel of, blue usefulness.

In each pixel of red, green, blue, be with liquid crystal layer control different colours (R, G, B), be the penetrance of the light of different wave length.So the optimal gap (thickness of liquid crystal layer) of the corresponding wavelength that is seen through is different.In this kind situation, in the pixel by change R, G, B, pixel and its gap of other different colours, and can easily obtain not have full-color (full color) LCD of wavelength interdependence with good color repeatability.And owing to can reduce the wavelength interdependence, the drive condition of each pixel is equated, can reduce the processing burden of driving circuit side.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, be respectively arranged with quarter wave plate and 1/2nd wavelength plates at aforementioned first substrate and aforementioned second substrate.

Quarter wave plate and 1/2nd wavelength plates are set like this simultaneously, itself and linear polarization plate are made up, it is used as for example regional rotatory polarization plate of wide wavelength band, thereby no matter in any one of the different R of wavelength, G, B light, all can be vertical orientation type liquid crystal layer and obtain necessary rotatory polarization more relatively, and can further reduce the wavelength interdependence of LCD.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, in aforementioned first substrate and second substrate, with substrate opposing substrates side near light source configuration, possess and have the anisotropic polarizer of negative index.

Via this phasic difference plate (negative delayer with negative index anisotropy (optical anisotropy) is set, negative retarder), and can carry out optical compensation, and can further enlarge the field-of-view angle of LCD to the liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal cells) of vertical orientation type.

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, be provided with the diaxon polarizer at least one side of aforementioned first substrate or aforementioned second substrate.By adopting this kind diaxon polarizer, can realize the function of for example aforesaid negative delayer (negative retarder), aforementioned quarter wave plate and 1/2nd wavelength plates by this a slice polarizer, and can realize slimming, and to make light loss be Min..

In others of the present invention, in aforementioned semi penetration type LCD, aforementioned first electrode that is formed on aforementioned first substrate-side is to form other pattern in each pixel, and form a plurality of in first substrate-side, these a plurality of first electrodes also are connected with thin film transistor (TFT) respectively, formed aforementioned second electrode of aforementioned second substrate-side forms the common common electrode of each pixel, and the aforementioned gap adjustment part is formed on aforementioned second substrate-side.

If form the adjustment part, gap at second substrate, even then form the situation of thin film transistor (TFT) etc. in first substrate-side, first substrate-side also can be formed by the common technology of each pixel, and with possess parallel the carrying out of manufacturing of the first long substrate of more formation and total manufacturing time, then suiting with comparatively easy mutually second substrate-side formation adjustment part, gap that constitutes of first substrate betwixt, and can improve manufacturing efficient.

In others of the present invention, be a kind of liquid crystal indicator, possess a plurality of pixels, and at first substrate that possesses first electrode and possess between second substrate of second electrode, enclose the liquid crystal that the vertical orientation type is arranged; Each pixel region has reflector space and penetration region, at least one side in aforementioned first substrate-side or aforementioned second substrate-side has the adjustment part, gap, with so that in the gap of aforementioned reflector space than little in the gap of aforementioned penetration region, wherein aforementioned gap control enter liquid crystal layer incident light phase differential and by the thickness defined of this liquid crystal layer, the side of aforementioned gap adjustment layer has suitable oblique cone (taper) shape that enlarges width towards the formation substrate of this gap adjustment layer.

By the side that makes the gap adjust layer like this is along the oblique cone shape, can prevent the confusion in the LCD alignment of this side, and this side is used as the dip plane of orientation control usefulness.

As previously mentioned, the present invention can obtain the expansion of the field-of-view angle of semi penetration type LCD, and the raising of contrast, answer speed etc., and realizes the LCD of high display quality.

In others of the present invention, possessing R, the G that is used for showing red, green, blue 3 primary colors, the vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of B pixel, possess: first substrate that is formed with pixel electrode according to each aforementioned pixel; Aforementioned relatively first substrate disposes and has second substrate of common electrode; Enclose and have an anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant between aforementioned first substrate and second substrate; On aforementioned second substrate, R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer that corresponding aforementioned R, G, each pixel of B are disposed; The first vertical orientation film that covers aforementioned pixel electrode and form; And with respect to aforementioned common electrode and aforementioned R, G, B chromatic filter layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal side.If the thickness of aforementioned R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer is expressed as D-red, D-green, D-blue respectively, then satisfies D-blue 〉=D-green 〉=D-red.

In others of the present invention, be a kind of possess R, the G that is used to show red, green, blue 3 primary colors, vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of B pixel, this display device possesses: first substrate that is formed with pixel electrode according to aforementioned each pixel; Aforementioned relatively first substrate disposes and has second substrate of common electrode; Enclose and have an anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant between aforementioned first substrate and second substrate; On aforementioned second substrate, R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer that corresponding aforementioned R, G, each pixel of B are disposed; Reaching the clearance layer that selectivity forms on the B color filtering optical layer on the aforementioned G color filtering optical layer; The first vertical orientation film that covers aforementioned pixel electrode and form; And with respect to aforementioned common electrode and aforementioned R, G, B color filtering optical layer and aforementioned gap layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal layer side.

By adopting this kind relation and formation, and in possessing the colored vertical alignment liquid crystal display device that shows R, G, B pixel, no matter any one of 3 primary colors of R, G, B all can realize low power consumption, and carry out colourless inclined to one side demonstration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that the vertical orientation type of expression first embodiment of the invention partly penetrates the summary section formation of LCD;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that the vertical orientation type of expression first embodiment of the invention partly penetrates other summary section formation of LCD;

Fig. 3 is that the summary plane of the LCD of semi penetration type more specifically of expression first embodiment of the invention constitutes synoptic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram along the summary section formation of the semi penetration type LCD of the position of the A-A ' line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram along the summary section formation of the semi penetration type LCD of the position of the B-B ' line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the pixel electrode of the expression semi-transparent LCD of mistake shown in Figure 3 and the summary section that connected TFT constitutes;

Fig. 7 is relevant embodiments of the invention, and the summary plane that partly penetrate LCD different with Fig. 3 constitutes synoptic diagram;

Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram along the summary section formation of the semi penetration type LCD of the position of the C-C ' line of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram that the summary plane of variation of the semi penetration type LCD of presentation graphs 3 constitutes;

Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram that the summary plane of other variation of the semi penetration type LCD of presentation graphs 3 constitutes;

Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram with respect to the relation of penetrance characteristic that applies voltage and unit structure of the vertical orientation type semi penetration type LCD of first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram with respect to the wavelength interdependence of the penetrance characteristic that applies voltage of the vertical orientation type semi penetration type LCD of first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 13 is in the vertical orientation type semi penetration type LCD of first embodiment of the invention, after adjusting cel-gap with R, G, B, with respect to the synoptic diagram of the wavelength interdependence of the penetrance characteristic that applies voltage;

Figure 14 is the chromaticity coordinate with respect to the interdependence that applies voltage of colourity of the vertical orientation type semi penetration type LCD of expression first embodiment of the invention;

Figure 15 is in the vertical orientation type semi penetration type LCD of expression first embodiment of the invention, after adjusting cel-gap with R, G, B, and the chromaticity coordinate with respect to the interdependence that applies voltage of colourity;

Figure 16 is the sectional view of the vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the relevant second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17 A, 17B, 17C are the V-T characteristic of each rgb pixel of expression and the synoptic diagram of cel-gap relation;

Figure 18 is the sectional view of the vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the relevant third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 19 A, 19B, 19C are the V-T characteristic of expression rgb pixel and the synoptic diagram of cel-gap relation.

[primary clustering symbol description]

20 active layers, 30 gate insulating films

32 gate electrodes, 34 interlayer dielectrics

36 drain electrodes, 38 planarization insulating films

40 source electrodes, 42 metal levels

44 reflection horizon, 100 first glass substrates

110 rotatory polarization plates, 111 λ/4 plates

112 Polarizers, 200 second glass substrates

210 transparency electrodes, 220 reflecting electrodes

260 alignment films, 300 second glass substrates

310 polarizers, 320 transparent common electrodes

330,330r, 330g, 330b chromatic filter layer

Adjustment part, 330BM black light shield layer 340 gap

400 liquid crystal layers, 410 liquid crystal point to

500 (530) orientation control parts 510,510t, 510r jut

520 rakes, 600 light sources

Embodiment

Use description of drawings preferred embodiment of the present invention (below be called " embodiment ") below.

First embodiment

Basic section when Fig. 1 represents to use semi penetration type active matrix (Active matrix) LCD as the semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment constitutes.The semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment has a plurality of pixels, and first and second substrate that will be formed with first electrode 200, second electrode 320 in mutual opposite face side is fitted in the mode that accompanies liquid crystal layer 400 therebetween and is constituted, and is formed with penetration region 210 and reflector space 220 simultaneously in each pixel region.

Employing has the anisotropic vertical orientation type of negative dielectric constant liquid crystal as liquid crystal layer 400, and is provided with the orientation control part 500 (orientation cutting part) that is divided into a plurality of orientations zone in being used for a pixel region at second substrate-side or first substrate.Orientation control part 500 for example by as shown in Figure 1 constitute (specifically as hereinafter described) to institutes such as the outstanding jut 510 of liquid crystal layer 400, rake 520 and electrodeless of in Fig. 1, constituting by the gap of pixel electrode 200.

First and second substrate 100,300 uses transparency carriers such as glass.Be formed with use tin indium oxide (ITO in first substrate, 100 sides, Indium Tin Oxide), indium zinc oxide transparent conductive metal oxides such as (IZO, Indium Zinc Oxide) at the pixel electrode 200 of indivedual patterns of each pixel and (not shown as first electrode and the switch modules such as thin film transistor (TFT) that are connected with this pixel electrode 200.Consult aftermentioned Fig. 5).The alignment film that comprehensively is formed with the vertical orientation type 260 at first substrate 100 that covers pixel electrode 200.This alignment film 260 for example uses polyimide etc., in the present embodiment, adopts no friction-type (rubbingless), makes the in-plane of the initial stage orientation (the non-orientation that applies under the state of voltage) of liquid crystal perpendicular to film.Moreover, by structure shown in Figure 5 (specifically as hereinafter described), the transparent region 210 that is made of above-mentioned transparency electrode only can be set in the formation zone of a pixel electrode 200 and be formed with reflector space 220 with stacking reflectance coating that forms of above-mentioned transparency electrode or reflecting electrode.

And this kind first substrate 100 between accompany liquid crystal layer 400 and in second substrate 300 of fitting, with the opposite face side of this liquid crystal, at first R, G, B chromatic filter layer 330r, 330g, 330b are formed on corresponding precalculated position.Moreover, in the gap (gap of pixel region) of each chromatic filter layer 330r, 330g, 330b, be provided for preventing light shield layer (at this for the black color color filtering optical layer) 330BM of the light leak between pixel.

Be formed with the adjustment part, gap 340 that constitutes by the light peneration material on chromatic filter layer 330r, 330g, the 330b, so that in the zone relative with the reflector space 220 of each pixel, the thickness of its liquid crystal layer (cel-gap) dr and thickness (cel-gap) dt at the liquid crystal layer of penetration region 210 are in a ratio of the value (dr＜dt) of little expectation.The thickness of this adjustment part, gap 340 incident light by liquid crystal layer 400 penetration region 210 once with by in twice the reflector space 220, correspond respectively to the different situations that obtain the thickness of liquid crystal layer d that optimal penetrance, reflectivity need and set.Therefore, for example, the thickness d of decision liquid crystal layer, so that can obtain optimal penetrance in the penetration region 210 that adjustment part, gap 340 is not set, and in reflector space 220, have the adjustment part, gap 340 of expectation thickness by setting, thereby can obtain the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer littler than penetration region 210.

Have the comprehensive mode of second substrate 300 of adjustment part, above-mentioned gap 340 with covering, form for the common electrode of each pixel (common electrode) 320, and as second electrode.This common electrode 320 is identical with pixel electrodes 200, can use transparent conductive metal oxides such as ITO, IZO to form.

In the present embodiment, on this common electrode 320, form jut 510, formed the orientation control part 500 in the different a plurality of zones of alignment direction as the LCD alignment direction in the pixel region cuts apart.This jut 510 can also can be insulativity for electric conductivity to liquid crystal layer 400 projections, the formation desired pattern such as for example acrylic acid series plastics of insulativity can be used at this.And jut 510 is respectively formed at penetration region 210 and the reflector space 220 in each pixel region.

Cover the alignment film 260 that above-mentioned jut 510 and common electrode 320 palpiforms become to have or not friction-type, it is the vertical orientation type identical with first substrate-side.As mentioned above, alignment film 260 makes LCD alignment in the direction vertical with its membrane plane direction, and is formed with the inclined-plane of reflection jut 510 shapes in the position that covers jut 510.Therefore, in the formation position of jut 510, liquid crystal phase for the inclined-plane of the alignment film 26 that covers jut 510 and orientation in vertical direction, and be the alignment direction that liquid crystal is cut apart on the boundary with this jut 510.And in the present embodiment, making the laterally inclined of adjustment part, above-mentioned gap 340 that is arranged on second substrate-side is tilted conical, and the alignment film 260 of the top of coverage gap adjustment part 340 also continues this inclined-plane and is formed with the inclined-plane.Liquid crystal also is controlled so as to the direction vertical with the inclined-plane on this inclined-plane, and the inclined-plane of adjustment part, gap 340 is also as the usefulness of orientation control part 500.

In semi penetration type LCD shown in Figure 1, be provided with linear polarization plate (first Polarizer) 112 in the outside of first substrate 100 (light source 600 sides) and, constitute wide wavelength band territory rotatory polarization plate 110 with polarizer 111 by this linear polarization plate 112 by wide wavelength band territory λ/4 plates (first polarizer) 111 that constitute of λ/4 polarizers and λ/2 polarizers.

Setting has the polarizer 310 of negative refraction guiding as optical compensation plate in the outside of second substrate 300 (observation side), also be provided with wide wavelength band territory λ/4 plates (second polarizer) 111 that constitutes and linear polarization plate (second Polarizer) 112 by λ/4 phase-plates and λ/2 phase-plates, identical with first substrate-side, constitute wideband territory rotatory polarization plate 110 by this linear polarization plate 112 with polarizer 111.At this, the configuration relation of these optical modules can be shown in an example of the bottom of Fig. 1, and the axle of first Polarizer is configured to 45 °, and the slow phase axle of first λ/4 plates is configured to 90 °, the slow phase axle of second λ/4 plate is configured to 180 °, and the axle of second Polarizer is configured to 135 °.

Penetrate and penetrate the linear polarization plate 112 of first substrate, 100 sides and become rotatory polarization by making its phase differential depart from λ/4 from light source 600 at first λ/4 plates 111 along the axial linear polarization of the polarisation of this Polarizer 112.At this, in the present embodiment, for at least among the different R of wavelength, G, the B arbitrarily composition also be made as rotatory polarization really, improving the utilization ratio (penetrance) of the light in the liquid crystal cell, and use λ/4 phase-plates and λ/2 phase-plate both sides as wide wavelength band territory λ/4 plates 111.Resulting rotatory polarization penetrates pixel electrode 200 and is incident to liquid crystal layer 400 in penetration region 210.

In the semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment, as mentioned above, use vertical orientation type liquid crystal, and use vertical orientation type alignment film 260 with negative dielectric constant anisotropy (Δ ε＜0) at liquid crystal layer 400.

Therefore, apply under the state in that voltage is non-, respectively orientation is in the direction perpendicular to the in-plane of alignment film 260, increase along with applying voltage, the long axis direction of liquid crystal be be formed on pixel electrode 200 and tilt with the mode of electric field vertical (in-plane that is parallel to substrate) between the common electrode 320.Not when liquid crystal layer 400 applies voltage, polarized condition can not change in liquid crystal layer 400, and directly arrives second substrate 300 with rotatory polarization, eliminates rotatory polarization and becomes linear polarization at second λ/4 plates 111.At this moment, because be configured to make it vertical second Polarizer 112 with direction from the linear polarization of second λ/4 plates 111, so this linear polarization can not penetrate and first Polarizer 112 is second Polarizer 112 of the penetrating shaft (polarizing axis) of vertical direction, make to show and become black.

After liquid crystal layer 400 applies voltage, liquid crystal layer 400 makes the rotatory polarization of incident produce phase differential, for example become rotatory polarization, elliptical polarized light, the linear polarization of reverse, by further being offset λ/4 phase places for resulting light at second λ/4 plates 111, thereby become linear polarization (penetrating shaft that is parallel to second Polarizer), elliptical polarized light, rotatory polarization, these polarisations have along the composition of the polarizing axis of second Polarizer 112, light that should composition is penetrated to observing side from this second Polarizer 112, known and recognize as showing (white or medium tone).

Moreover polarizer 310 is negative delayer (negative retarder), can promote the optical characteristics when LCD is looked in oblique sight, and improve the visual angle.Moreover, also can replace this negative delayer (310) and use a slice diaxon polarizer with this both sides' function with above-mentioned λ/4 plates 111, can realize the slimming of LCD and the raising of penetrance thus.

In the present embodiment, as mentioned above, by adjustment part, gap 340, thickness (cel-gap) d of liquid crystal layer 400 that controls the penetrance of light in fact is set to have at penetration region 210 and reflector space 220 gap of different expectations.Chief reason be because, in penetration region 210 is to control from the outside light quantity (penetrance) that penetrates of second substrate, 300 side direction penetrating liquid crystal layer 400 from the light source 600 that is arranged on LCD rear side (being first substrate, 100 sides) among Fig. 1, thereby show, and the light from observation side direction liquid crystal layer 400 incidents of LCD is reflected by the reflectance coating in the formation zone that is arranged on pixel electrode 200 at reflector space 220, and penetrate liquid crystal layer 400 once more and control from the light quantity (reflectivity of LCD) that the second substrate lateral observation side penetrates, thereby show, the liquid crystal layer of light penetrate the number of times difference.That is, because of at reflector space 220, only penetrate liquid crystal layer, so that its cel-gap dr must set for is littler than the cel-gap dt of penetration region 210 400 twice.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, only be arranged on each regional reflector space 220, thereby reach above-mentioned dr＜dt by the adjustment part, gap 340 that will expect thickness.As long as adjustment part, gap 340 has light peneration and can form outside the expectation thickness, there is not other particular determination, for example can adopt also the acrylic acid series plastics that uses as planarization insulating layer etc. etc.

When used as the part (rake 520) of orientation control part 500 side of adjustment part, gap 340 as mentioned above, its oblique cone angle was spent less than 90 with respect to base plan at least.Reason be if the oblique cone angle more than 90 degree, the orientation of liquid crystal will be in the side of this adjustment part, gap 340 confusion reigned, and be formed on the common electrode 320 on the adjustment part, gap 340, the covering of alignment film 260 also can become insufficient.In addition, the side of adjustment part, gap 340 is to showing not effect itself, if the oblique cone angle is too small, the lateralarea of adjustment part, gap 340 is increased, the aperture opening ratio that causes aperture ratio of pixels, especially expectation to improve the reflector space of brightness more descends.Thus, the oblique cone angle of the side of adjustment part, gap 340 does not preferably make the spreadability of second electrode 320, the alignment film 260 on upper strata descend, and the orientation that can carry out liquid crystal cuts apart, and makes the aperture opening ratio less angle that descends.Specifically be preferably the scope of 30 degree to 80 degree.

Rake 520 for example can utilize the above-mentioned acrylic acid resin that contains emulsion as the adjustment part, gap 340 with oblique cone angle of this scope.Then, the gap adjust material by will as the gap adjust agent add amount that polymerization in the acrylic acid resin begins agent, photopolymerization monomer cooperate create conditions, exposure device characteristic etc. adjusted, and can form arbitrarily along the oblique cone angle.For the side that makes adjustment part, gap 340 is suitable oblique cone, except that adjustment like this contains the material, for example, also can be by following method alone or in combination: continuous expansion of penetrating the pattern that causes that the photopolymerization that utilizes the oxygen around being present in to cause suppresses effect, the light when utilizing exposure, utilize melt flows (melt flow) that the resin baking causes etc., thereby can form the suitable oblique cone of expected angle.

Photopolymerization inhibition effect is to obtain by the oxygen in the atmosphere of the near surface of adjustment part, gap 340, on the contrary, the substrate-side oxygen that cause is far away from the surface is less, therefore do not have the inhibition effect and continue the sclerosis that polymerization causes, so be easy to remove the face side of planarization insulating layer 38 when developing, form the more upwards narrow more suitable oblique cone of width.

The diffraction of the light during exposure also utilizes exposure device, for example in closely connecing exposure device etc., utilizes the bigger effect of this diffraction and forms the zone and remove the zone and form oblique cone with the adjustment part, gap in adjustment part, gap 340.

In melt flows, after development finishes, by for example with 80 ℃ to 180 ℃ temperature, toast 1 to 20 minute (for example with 120 ℃, 8 minutes), thereby make the top of adjustment part, gap 340 and side fusion, make surface smoothingization, simultaneously, exist with ... the capillary change of shape that molten material self is had, and form along oblique cone by side surface.

At this, the organic material that is used for adjustment part, gap etc., be known material with expression to the sensitivity of the g line (436nm) of exposure light source, h line (405) nm, i line (248nm) etc., its oblique cone angle of organic material that the i line is had sensitivity is general many at 90 degree above (against oblique cone).Therefore, in the present embodiment, the material of adjustment part, gap adopts has sensitivity to g line, h line, forms the acrylic acid series plastics along oblique cone easily.

In the present embodiment, in a pixel region, in the thickness d of penetration region 210, simultaneously with reflector space 220 change liquid crystal layers, change the thickness d (but, also can set common gap at R, G, B) of this liquid crystal layer respectively according to the characteristic of LCD with pixel at the different R of wavelength, G, B.In the example of Fig. 1, changed respectively by R, the G that is respectively formed at second substrate, 300 sides, chromatic filter layer 330r, the 330g of B, the thickness of 330b, and be achieved R, G, the whole gap d of B.Be not limited to change the formation of the thickness of chromatic filter layer, also can adjustment part, above-mentioned gap 340 be set, change the thickness of these adjustment parts, gap 340 at penetration region 210 and the reflector space 220 of each R, G, B in penetration region 210.And, in all R, G, B, even do not make the thickness d of liquid crystal layer different, also can be according to the characteristic of LCD, for example make G use with B with being identical thickness of liquid crystal layer, and the R thickness different with other dichromatism only also can only change the d that B uses.

Fig. 2 has shown that for making R, G, B pixel be other formation (in Fig. 2, the formation identical with Fig. 1 being repeated no more) in different gap.In the formation of Fig. 2, do not change the gap of R, G, B in second substrate-side, and the thickness that will be formed on the planarization insulating layer 38 of pixel electrode 200 lower floors in first substrate, 100 sides is adjusted with R, G, B.The method that changes the thickness of planarization insulating layer 38 for example has: use the single or multiple half exposure shielding corresponding to the opening amount of target thickness, the planarization insulating material that will contain photosensitive material is exposed, and can be formed on the planarization insulating layer 38 that each R, G, B pixel have different-thickness and need not append special technology.Moreover in Fig. 2, reflector space is formed with concavo-convex on planarization insulating layer 38.Concavo-convex reflection horizon 44 these shapes of continuity that are formed in the reflector space on the planarization insulating layer 38 that make on the surface of this planarization insulating layer 38,44 surface forms concavo-convex and in the reflection horizon, thereby make to the incident light of liquid crystal layer incident at randomly, improve the display quality of reflector space.And, also can utilize half exposure that is used for planarization insulating layer 38 being formed different-thickness at above-mentioned R, G, B, do not append technology ground and together form, the reflector space of planarization insulating layer 38 should be concavo-convex and for connecting the contact hole that pixel electrode 200 and TFT run through planarization insulating layer 38 formation.

Secondly, the concrete structure to each pixel of the semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment is illustrated.Fig. 3 is the example that the basic plane of the semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment constitutes, Fig. 4 is the basic cross-section structure along A-A ' line of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is the basic cross-section structure along B-B ' line of Fig. 3, the concrete formation of the pixel electrode 200 of Fig. 6 presentation graphs 3 and coupled thin film transistor (TFT) etc.

In plane shown in Figure 3 constitutes, the pixel electrode 200 of indivedual patterns of each pixel has elongated hexagon-shaped pattern at the vertical scanning direction (above-below direction of Fig. 3) of picture, containing in 2 tops of length direction and in the zone of scheming the quadrangle (being rhombus or square in the drawings) that bend surrounded, as shown in Figure 6, optionally be formed with reflectance coating, and be provided with reflector space 220.And the rough fletching shape area of remaining of sexangle pixel electrode 200 becomes penetration region 210.

As also understanding from Fig. 4, for thickness (cel-gap) dr that makes at the liquid crystal layer of reflector space 220 compares little at the gap d t of penetration region 210, and gap adjustment layer 340 is formed on second substrate 300, in the example of Fig. 4, be formed on the common electrode 320.

End in the pixel of this gap adjustment layer 340 be configured in along with the position on downside 2 limits of the tetragonal reflector space 220 of 2 top substantial line symmetries of above-mentioned hexagonal pixel electrode 200.And, with between the relative summit of the horizontal scan direction (left and right directions among the figure) that connects tetragonal reflector space 220 and this reflector space 220 is divided into up and down mode in horizontal scan direction, being formed with the cross section on second substrate 300 (specifically being adjustment part, gap 340 in Fig. 4) is leg-of-mutton jut 510r.

And, though omit among Fig. 4, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, at all surfaces covering vertical orientation film 260 of second substrate 300 that includes jut 510 and adjustment part, gap 340.Certainly, comprise all surfaces side of pixel electrode 200 of first substrate, 100 sides also identical with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 be formed with vertical orientation film 260.Therefore, do not applying under the state of voltage between pixel electrode 200 and common electrode 320, the long axis direction of liquid crystal (liquid crystal sensing (director)) the 410th is with respect to the in-plane of vertical orientation film 260 and orientation vertically.Thus, in second substrate, 300 sides, on the inclined-plane of jut 510 and adjustment part, gap 340, it is to be formed on the vertical orientation with the inclined-plane of the alignment film 260 of the opposite face side of liquid crystal with respect to these inclined-planes of continuity that liquid crystal points to 410.Therefore, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, be the boundary with the jut 510r that reflector space 220 is divided into position up and down, the orientation angle (orientation orientation) that forms liquid crystal differs 180 ° zone mutually.

Secondly, as Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, in the penetration region 210 of fletching shape, in the position (part that be equivalent to the center of fletching) of vertical scanning direction with elongated sexangle pixel electrode 200 (horizontal scan direction) five equilibrium along about the vertical scanning direction, being formed with the cross section in second substrate, 300 sides (specifically on the common electrode 320) is leg-of-mutton jut 510t.Though in Fig. 5, omitted equally with Fig. 4, but all forming as shown in Figures 1 and 2 vertical orientation film 260 with the surface of contact of liquid crystal in any one of second substrate, 300 sides and first substrate, 100 sides, in penetration region 210, be the boundary also, liquid crystal pointed to 410 alignment direction (orientation orientation) and be divided into the direction that differs 180 ° mutually with the jut 510t that is formed on second substrate 300.

In addition, in the present embodiment, not only use above-mentioned projection, inclined-plane, also use non-electrode zone 530 as orientation control part 500, in the example of Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, pixel electrode 200 gap portion each other that is configured in first substrate, 100 sides is used as electrodeless 530 that is used for orientation control.Utilizing electrodeless 530 orientation to cut apart is the inclination that utilizes the weak electric field when beginning to apply voltage between pixel electrode 200 and common electrode 320.Under this weak electric field, as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, the mode that the line of electric force that dots broadens with the central authorities towards electrodeless portion from the end (that is the end of electrode) of electrodeless portion tilts.Then, the minor axis with the anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant carries out orientation along the line of electric force of this inclination, and therefore, liquid crystal molecule is determined by tilting electric field to the direction of the up-wards inclination that applies voltage of liquid crystal from the vertical orientation state at initial stage.

The end that has this pixel electrode 200 in sexangle pixel electrode 200 shown in Figure 3 promptly has electrodeless 530 of hexagon at least.Therefore, liquid crystal points to 410 because above-mentioned jut 510 (510r, 510t) and inclined-plane 520, and electrodeless 530 effect around the pixel electrode 200, in a pixel region, at least form two orientation zones at reflector space 220, form two orientation zones in any one all different orientation orientation in two zones with above-mentioned reflector space 220 in penetration region 210, that is, form four zones altogether with different alignment direction.

Wherein, more precisely, liquid crystal points to 410 and is controlled so as to, and makes its plane composition (orientation position angle) vertical with respect to the bearing of trend at the edge of the bearing of trend of above-mentioned jut 510 and electrode (electrodeless portion).Therefore, even in above-mentioned four orientation zones, the orientation position angle of liquid crystal is also incomplete same in an one zone.For example, in Fig. 3, in the centre position of the vertical scanning direction of penetration region 210, it is with respect to the jut 510t that extends along this vertical scanning direction and pixel electrode 200 edges and orientation is vertical direction that liquid crystal points to 410.But penetration region 210 for example with the boundary of reflector space 220, utilize the rake (jut) the 520th of adjustment part, gap 340, with the jut 510t of penetration region 210 with angular cross greater than 90 degree, and along with the close rake 520 that utilizes adjustment part, gap 340, near the orientation position angle of the liquid crystal this intersection is from the direction vertical with the bearing of trend of jut 510, is varied to the direction vertical with the bearing of trend of this rake 520.But, in an orientation zone, as described later, so that the mode that the azimuthal intensity of variation according to the position of the orientation of liquid crystal (or maximum angle) diminishes, set the bearing of trend of orientation control part 500, thereby can prevent in the buy property boundary (disclination line (disclination line)) in different zone, the orientation position angle of living liquid crystal of the delocalization in an orientation zone.

Below, the relation of each position of orientation position angle in a pixel region of the bearing of trend of orientation control part 500 of present embodiment and liquid crystal is described.

Because liquid crystal molecule does not have the characteristic up and down of long axis direction poor, therefore by the orientation position angle of the liquid crystal of the jut 510t control of penetration region 210 and spend little than 90 by the azimuthal differential seat angle of orientation of the liquid crystal of rake 520 controls of the adjustment part, gap 340 that intersects with this jut 510t, in the example of Fig. 3, jut 510 is about 135 degree with the intersecting angle that utilizes the rake 520 of adjustment part, gap 340, to this, the azimuthal difference of the orientation of liquid crystal is 45 degree.Moreover, at this is that to intersect with adjustment part, gap 340 with jut 510t be that example is illustrated, but physically uncrossed situation is arranged also, and in this manual, the so-called intersection is meant that extension line separately intersects, in addition, when being arranged on different separately substrates, be meant that the projection line to same base plan of extended line separately intersects.

In addition, utilize the rake 520 of adjustment part, gap 340 and the intersecting angle on the limit of the pixel electrode 200 of penetration region 210 (but, because in fact rake 520 and pixel electrode 200 are not formed on the same substrate, so the time be respectively towards the intersecting angle of the projection line of same base plan), in the example of Fig. 3, be about 45 degree.By the orientation position angle of the liquid crystal of rake 52 control with by the azimuthal angle of orientation of the liquid crystal of the edge control of pixel electrode 200 still below 90 degree, be than the little angle of 45 degree herein.

Near the lower end of penetration region 210 the jut 510t and the edge of pixel electrode 200 are 45 degree towards the online intersecting angle of the projection of base plan at this, because and above-mentioned same liquid crystal molecule does not have characteristic up and down poor, so it is littler than 90 degree to intersect the azimuthal difference of orientation of liquid crystal of annex at this, at this, be below 45 degree.

The zone intersected with each other, limit that in penetration region 210, also has pixel electrode 200.In the example of Fig. 3, be meant the limit of extending along vertical scanning direction, with from the summit that intersects with above-mentioned jut 510 towards the limit of extending along the limit of this vertical scanning direction, the intersecting angle on both sides is 135 to spend at this than 90 degree greatly.Characteristic is not poor up and down and the azimuthal difference of the orientation of the liquid crystal of this cross part is still because of liquid crystal molecule, thus also little at this than 90 degree, be 45 degree.

Equally, in reflector space 220, in the zone that the projection line (comprise extended line) of orientation control part 500 towards the projection line (comprising extended line) of base plan and other orientation control part 500 towards same base plan intersects, be so that the azimuthal difference of the orientation of liquid crystal is provided with orientation control part 500 than the little mode of 90 degree.Promptly, at first, the jut 510r that alignment direction is cut apart up and down in the reflector space 220 are and utilize rake 520 in the adjustment part, gap 340 of the end portions cross of pixel electrode 200 with the angular cross less than 90 degree that the azimuthal differential seat angle of the orientation of the liquid crystal of this intersection region is controlled in than below the 45 little degree of 90 degree.

The intersecting angle at the edge of the pixel electrode 200 of this jut 510r and reflector space 220 (towards the intersecting angle of the projection line of base plan) is controlled to too less than 90 degree, and the azimuthal differential seat angle of the orientation of the liquid crystal of these cross parts is also same as described above to be controlled at than below the 45 little degree of 90 degree.

As mentioned above, when the projection line of orientation control part 500 on base plan intersects to each other, be so that determine orientation control part 500 (jut 510, rake 520, electrodeless (in the example of Fig. 3, being the shape of pixel electrode 200) 530) less than the modes of 90 degree by the azimuthal difference of orientation of the liquid crystal of these orientation control parts 500 controls.Thus, can prevent the delocalization living disclination line of buying property in a zone of cutting apart by orientation control part 500 really.

Moreover, near the position that intersects to each other on the limit of the pixel electrode 200 of reflector space 220 (summit for the topmost of the vertical scanning direction that is positioned at pixel electrode 200 in Fig. 3) and utilize near rake 520 cross part (joint of V word) to each other of adjustment part, gap 340, in the example of Fig. 3, its intersecting angle is all 90 degree.Certainly, this intersecting angle is made as less than 90 degree or better from above-mentioned viewpoint greater than 90 degree, but because compare with penetration region 210, the area of rhombus reflector space 220 itself is less, so can prevent at the delocalization living disclination line of buying property.

Liquid crystal in the reflector space 220 is because acceptance utilizes the orientation on the limit of jut 510r, rake 420 and pixel electrode 200 to control consumingly, so on the oblique line of the intersection point on the limit of the electrode 200 that connects above-mentioned reflector space 220 and the rhombus reflector space 220 of the intersection point of the inclined plane part 520 that utilizes adjustment part, gap 340, the orientation control part 500 of the existence rational faculty not.But, receive equal control from adjacent orientation control part 500, and with respect to the bearing of trend of jut 510r and be controlled so as to non-individual body both sides' the influence of the liquid crystal of vertical direction, the plane, component of the liquid crystal sensing 410 of this position becomes the direction along vertical scanning direction as shown in Figure 3.Then, along with close to the end of the horizontal scan direction of pixel electrode from this position, liquid crystal is subjected to the bearing of trend on inclined-plane 520 of the limit (530) of pixel electrode 200 and adjustment part, gap 340 and the influence of jut 510r, and be controlled so as to towards from a little angle (less than 90 degree, be to spend less than 45 in the example of Fig. 3) of the deviation in driction vertical with these bearing of trends.Therefore, even in reflector space 220, also can prevent at the delocalization living disclination line of buying property.

Secondly, as shown in Figure 6, formation and manufacture method that pixel electrode 200 is reached the thin film transistor (TFT) TFT that is connected with this pixel electrode are illustrated.In the present embodiment, as mentioned above, be the so-called active array type LCD that each pixel has thin film transistor (TFT), and as shown in Figure 6, be formed between the pixel electrode 200 of first substrate, 100 sides and the substrate 100 and be formed with this thin film transistor (TFT) TFT.In addition owing to be in order in a pixel region, to dispose penetration region 210 and reflector space 220 expeditiously as far as possible, the aperture opening ratio of penetration region 210 is reduced, even therefore be that the TFT that will generally also be formed on lightproof area in penetrating type LCD is configured in and is provided with the reflector space 220 that this TFT also can not exert an influence to aperture opening ratio.

In the present embodiment, be to adopt the top grid type as TFT, in addition, use amorphous silicon (a-Si) polycrystal silicon that multiple crystallization obtains with laser annealing (p-Si) as active layer 20.Certainly, TFT is not limited to top grid type p-Si, also can be the bottom gate polar form, and active layer also can adopt a-Si.The impurity that the source electrode of the active layer 20 of TFT, drain region 20s, 20d are mixed can be any one in n conductivity type, the p conductivity type, but in the present embodiment, adopts the TFT of the n-oh type that is doped with n conductive-type impurities such as phosphorus.

The active layer 20 of TFT is covered by gate insulating film 30, is formed with on the gate insulating film 30 by refractory metal materials such as Cr, Mo to constitute and the gate electrode 32 of double as gate line.And, after this gate electrode 32 forms, this gate electrode 32 formed in active layer 20 as shielding above-mentioned impurity is given impure source and drain region 20s, 20d, and the channel region 20c that forms the impurity that undopes.Secondly, cover this whole TFT110 and form interlayer dielectric 34, after this interlayer dielectric 34 forms contact hole, form electrode material, respectively source electrode 40 is connected in the source region 20s of above-mentioned p-Si active layer 20 through this contact hole, and drain electrode 36 is connected in drain region 20d.Moreover in the present embodiment, drain electrode 36 double as are to the signal wire of each TFT 110 supply with the corresponding data-signal of displaying contents.On the other hand, source electrode 40 is connected with first electrode 200 as pixel electrode as described later.Moreover drain electrode 36 and source electrode 40 all use for example Al of high conductivity etc.

After source electrode 40 and drain electrode 36 formed, covered substrate formed the planarization insulating film 38 that is made of resin materials such as acrylic acid resins comprehensively.Secondly, form contact hole, and in this contact hole, form and connect, and connect source electrode 40 and this metal level 42 with metal level 42 in the formation zone of the source electrode 40 of this planarization insulating film 38.When source electrode 40 uses Al etc., adopt metal materials such as Mo by metal level 42, and make the good Ohmic contact that is connected to become of source electrode 40 and this metal level 42.Moreover, also can omit source electrode 40, at this moment, metal level 42 contacts with the silicon active layer 20 of TFT110, and metals such as Mo can and so be established Ohmic contact between the semiconductor material.

Connect with after metal level 42 stacking, graphical, at first wait stacking reflection horizon with reflection characteristics such as Al-Nd alloy, Al layer of reflective material preferably by evaporation, sputter comprehensively at substrate.Near this stacking layer of reflective material (formation zone of metal level 42) source region of TFT is carried out etching and is removed, with contacting of the pixel electrode 200 that do not hinder metal level 42 and form later and TFT, and carry out etching simultaneously and remove not remaining in penetration region 210, and will form the reflection horizon 44 of argyle designs at the reflector space 220 of each pixel as above-mentioned profile shown in Figure 3.Moreover, in order to prevent to produce the situation of leakage current to TFT (especially channel region 20c) irradiates light, but and in order to enlarge reflector space (being the viewing area) as far as possible, and in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, reflection horizon 44 also actively is formed on the raceway groove upper area of TFT110.

When carrying out this kind reflection horizon 44 graphical, the metal level 42 that is made of above-mentioned Mo etc. (for example: 0.2 μ m), and etching solution had enough patience has enough thickness.Therefore, after the reflection horizon on the metal level 42 44 carried out etching and remove, this metal level 42 can not be removed fully yet and remains in the contact hole.In addition, in a lot of situations, source electrode 40 grades are by constituting with reflection horizon 44 identical materials (Al etc.), so when not having above-mentioned metal level 42, source electrode 40 can be reflected layers 44 etching solution etch and produce broken string etc.But present embodiment is by being provided with metal level 42, and can tolerate the graphical of reflection horizon 44, and can keep with the excellent electrical property of source electrode 40 and be connected.

After reflection horizon 44 graphical, the substrate all surfaces that will contain reflection horizon 44 by the stacking transparency conducting layer of sputter is covered.At this, as mentioned above, surface this moment in the reflection horizon 44 that is made of Al etc., the natural oxide film with insulativity covered, even and refractory metals such as Mo are exposed to that its surface can oxidation yet in the sputter environment.Therefore, metal level 42 that contact area exposes can and stacking pixel electrode on this metal level 42 Ohmic contact is arranged between with transparency conducting layer.Moreover transparency conducting layer is independent of each pixel after film forming, and common in reflector space and penetration region in a pixel region, and for example as above-mentioned shown in Figure 3, is patterned into elongated hex shape, obtains pixel electrode 200 thus.In addition, this pixel electrode 200 carry out graphical after, covered substrate all surfaces and form the alignment film 260 that constitutes by polyimide etc., thus finish first substrate-side.Then, on second substrate 300, form chromatic filter layer, common electrode 320, adjustment part, gap 340 and the jut 510 (510r, 510t) of as shown in Figures 1 and 2 R, G, B and cover these assemblies and the alignment film 260 that forms, again second substrate 300 is separated at certain intervals with this first substrate 100 and fit at the peripheral part of substrate, and between substrate, enclose liquid crystal, thereby obtain LCD.

In addition, in the example of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the common electrode 320 that is formed on second substrate, 300 sides is formed on the upper strata of adjustment part, gap 340, then is formed with jut 510 at the desired locations of this common electrode 320.With respect to this, as shown in Figure 4, common electrode 320 is formed on the below (in fact, for being formed between the chromatic filter layer and adjustment part, gap 340 on second substrate 300) of adjustment part, gap 340 as also can be as shown in Figure 4.When adjustment part, gap 340 is very thick, as shown in Figure 4, after forming common electrode 320 below the adjustment part, gap 340, the virtual voltage that liquid crystal layer 410 is applied becomes lower, but in the situation that very high voltage is applied between common electrode 320 and the pixel electrode 200, or in the not too thick situation in adjustment part, gap 340, also can adopt formation shown in Figure 4.

Other example to the structure of each pixel of the semi penetration type LCD of present embodiment is illustrated below.Fig. 7 is that the basic plane of the semi penetration type LCD of other example constitutes, and Fig. 8 is the basic cross-section structure along C-C ' line of Fig. 7.Moreover, identical along the basic cross-section structure of D-D ' line of Fig. 7 with above-mentioned basic cross-section structure shown in Figure 5.

The points different with above-mentioned structure shown in Figure 3 are, be rectangle in the example of the shape of pixel electrode 240 in Fig. 7 at first, and in each dimetric zone of penetration region 210 and reflector space 220, the jut 510t, the 510r that are formed with summary X word shape in the position that is equivalent to its tetragonal hypotenuse are as orientation control part 500.By this kind orientation control part 500, in penetration region 210 and reflector space 220, be boundary with each jut 510t, 510r, form 4 different zones of alignment direction of liquid crystal respectively, thereby further enlarge the visual angle.

In addition, the boundary of the penetration region 210 in a pixel region, as mentioned above, constitute the orientation control part 500 of the inclined plane part 520 utilize adjustment part, gap 340 in second substrate, 300 sides, simultaneously will with this inclined plane part 520 side by side, electrodeless (slit: window 530s) 530 be formed on pixel electrode 200 extending to horizontal scan direction.Therefore, in the juncture area of penetration region 210 and reflector space 220, in the second electrode side is that inclined-plane (rake 520) by adjustment part, gap 340 is controlled to be the direction vertical with this inclined-plane with the initial stage orientation of liquid crystal, be inclination simultaneously, with the orientation of the liquid crystal different deflection that to be controlled to be with this electrodeless 530s be the boundary by the weak electric field as shown in Figure 8 of electrodeless 530s in first substrate-side.Therefore, the orientation that can more positively carry out near the liquid crystal the boundary of penetration region 210 and reflecting electrode 220 is cut apart.

As mentioned above, it is also different with above-mentioned form shown in Figure 3 that quantity is cut apart in each pattern of the orientation control part 500 that is made of edge, above-mentioned jut 510 and electrodeless the 530s etc. of pixel electrode 200 and orientation, but in form shown in Figure 7, by the orientation position angle of the liquid crystal of certain orientation control part 500 controls also with the azimuthal differential seat angle of orientation of the liquid crystal of being controlled by other orientation control part 500 with the projection line that intersects towards the projection line on the base plan with this orientation control part 500 at which intersection point all less than 90 degree.Therefore, can prevent really in each orientation zone of being cut apart at the delocalization living disclination line of buying property.In addition, by adopting the pattern of above-mentioned Fig. 3 and this orientation control part 500 shown in Figure 7, can reach orientation to greatest extent by the formation of minimal orientation control part 500 and cut apart quantity and carry out orientation really and cut apart.In the vertical orientation type liquid crystal that adopts in the present embodiment, for being shown as black non-the applying under the state (being the vertical orientation state) of voltage, and not only directly over the gap of pixel electrode 200, also has position directly over other orientation control part 500 (jut 510, rake 520 and slit 530s), even between common electrode 320 and pixel electrode 200, apply the state of sufficient voltage, the orientation state of liquid crystal also can change from the vertical orientation state hardly, and does not influence demonstration.Therefore, the configuration of useless orientation control part 500 can make the aperture opening ratio of LCD descend.But,, just aperture opening ratio can be suppressed at Min., and can enlarge the visual angle and improve display quality if be Fig. 3 described above, design shown in Figure 7.

Fig. 9 and Figure 10 represent other variation of above-mentioned formation shown in Figure 3 respectively.

At first, in Fig. 9, whole pixel electrodes 250 are formed the fletching shape, wherein the shape of reflector space 220, formation are identical with Fig. 3, but difference is, is to be configured to the drum type of transverse direction or hourglass shape slightly at the pattern of remaining penetration region 210, or the shape that connects on the contrary up and down of M word.2 limits of the pixel electrode 250 of the transparent region 210 that the projection line of this jut 510t on the plane and projection line on same plane intersect are all with than the big angle of 90 degree

(is 135 degree at this) intersects.As mentioned above, because liquid crystal molecule does not have characteristic poor up and down at long axis direction, so the azimuthal differential seat angle of the orientation of the liquid crystal of this intersection region is still less than 90 degree.In addition, respectively from 2 limits of the bottom of the pixel electrode 250 that extends towards the lower end on 2 limits of the pixel electrode 250 that extends along vertical scanning direction with the crossover location of above-mentioned jut 510t, with along the intersecting angle on the limit of the pixel electrode 250 of this vertical scanning direction less than 90 degree, in this zone, the azimuthal maximum difference of the orientation of liquid crystal is also less than 90 degree (in the example of Fig. 9, littler than 45 degree).Therefore, also can prevent in 2 orientation zones in penetration region 210 at the delocalization living disclination line of buying property.

In Figure 10, pixel electrode 252 be shaped as the fletching shape, shape of penetration region 210 (fletching shape) and formation are identical with Fig. 3, but it is the shape of remaining reflector space 220 of the pixel electrode 252 of fletching shape, and different in order to the formation position of the jut 510r of the orientation of cutting apart the liquid crystal in this zone.Promptly, in the example of Figure 10, reflector space 220 also is the short fletching shape of length, be that V word shape rake 520 by adjustment part, gap 340 carries out orientation and cuts apart in the boundary of reflector space 220 and penetration region 210, the line along vertical scanning direction on the summit of the identical V word shape of the pixel electrode 252 in the summit that connects this V word shape and reflector space 220, forming jut 510r in second substrate-side (on the adjustment part, gap), serves as to have a common boundary to make reflector space 220 orientation zone of 2 about horizontal scan direction is formed with this jut 510r.In this kind formation, no matter the azimuthal differential seat angle of orientation by the orientation position angle of the liquid crystal of which orientation control part 500 controls and the liquid crystal of being controlled by other orientation control part 500 with the projection line that intersects towards the projection line of base plan with this orientation control part 500 is to satisfy the relations of spending less than 90, cuts apart so can carry out good orientation.

Secondly, the vertical orientation type of present embodiment is partly penetrated the driving voltage of LCD and the interdependence of penetrance and wavelength thereof is illustrated.

Figure 11 represents the relation that applies voltage (V) and penetrance (arbitrary unit) that applies to liquid crystal, but with the optical characteristics of the vertical orientation liquid crystal cell of (del-n) d/wl... (i) expression, in other words, be the relation that applies voltage and penetrance when changing the structure of liquid crystal cell.Wherein, in Figure 11, wl is 550nm (green).In above-mentioned (i) formula, (del-n) be the birefringence of liquid crystal layer (being refraction guiding) (Δ n), d is the thickness (cel-gap) of liquid crystal layer, wl is the incident light wavelength.Carry with machine etc. for example in small LCD on the mobile phone etc. being equipped on, expectation reduces power consumption more and reduces driving voltage etc., and as can be seen from Figure 11, in the value of for example above-mentioned (i) is 1.0 liquid crystal cell, the voltage that applies in order to realization maximum penetration rate is to get final product about 3V, if increase its value is 1.1,1.2 o'clock, and can make driving voltage is less than 3V.When using same liquid crystal material, same light source through adjusting the d value, also can carry out low-down driven, the d value can be adjusted by the thickness of adjustment part, gap 340, chromatic filter layer 330 or planarization insulating layer 38 shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 etc.

In addition, have " wl " composition from formula (i) and understand as can be known, in the LCD of present embodiment, its through characteristic has the wavelength interdependence.Among Figure 12, be made as one regularly at thickness (cel-gap) d, with respect to the dissimilarity of the penetrance characteristic that applies voltage for R (630nm), G (550nm), B (460nm) light with whole liquid crystal layers of each pixel of R, G, B.Relatively this, Figure 13 represents to apply by the LCD that has adjusted the value of cel-gap d at the thickness of each R, G, B Change Example such as chromatic filter layer 330r, 330g, 330b (can be adjusted by the thickness of adjustment part, gap 340) as shown in Figure 1 the relation of voltage and penetrance.As shown in Figure 13, by brilliant box gap d is set at the value of expectation respectively at R, G, B, and can be all identical for the penetrance characteristic that applies voltage of pairing each pixel to R, G, any light of B.Therefore, adopt this kind formation, as can be known can by as the above-mentioned voltage that applies less than 3V shown in Figure 11, and R, G, B can be driven with the shows signal of same amplitude.

What in addition, Figure 14 and Figure 15 represented colourity (the X-Y coordinate of CIE) applies the voltage interdependence.Wherein Figure 14 is for as shown in figure 12, make cel-gap in R, G, LCD when B is identical, the variation of the colourity the when voltage that is applied to liquid crystal is set at 1.5V, 2.0V, 2.3V, 2.6V, 3.0V, Figure 15 is for as shown in figure 13, adjust cel-gap respectively and among the interior LCD for the colourity interdependence of the permeability variations that applies voltage at R, G, B, the variation of the colourity the when voltage that is applied to liquid crystal is made as 1.5V, 2.0V, 2.3V, 2.6V, 3.0V equally.By Figure 14 and Figure 15 more as can be known, by adjusting cel-gap respectively at R, G, B, can improve change colourity apply the voltage interdependence, the colourity when promptly applying voltage departs from, and can realize that all colourity departs from less LCD when driving in various voltage ranges.

Second embodiment

Then, the second embodiment of the present invention is described, promptly seek in color shows, to improve display quality aspect.Below, be shown as example with the color of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device and describe.

Vertical alignment liquid crystal display device has the wide viewing angle characteristic, and high contrast features, and has the advantage of the friction processing that does not need alignment film.

In the associated vertical direction matching type LCD device, because liquid crystal has the anisotropic characteristic of negative dielectric constant, the liquid crystal molecule that therefore constitutes liquid crystal has the characteristic towards the direction vertical with direction of an electric field.This liquid crystal indicator is to adopt the alignment film of vertical orientation film as the initial stage orientation of control liquid crystal, and uses polyimide (polyimide) for example, polyamide organic materials such as (polyamide) material as this vertical orientation film.In vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, when not being applied to the electric field of liquid crystal, liquid crystal molecule is controlled so as to normal direction towards the formed substrate of vertical orientation film by the vertical orientation film.And when between pixel electrode and common electrode, applying voltage, thereby when producing the electric field of normal direction of substrate, there is the liquid crystal molecule in the zone of these electric field controls then to swing to direction perpendicular to electric field.

Thus, the phase place that is sent to the incident light in the liquid crystal can change.Distance when between the substrate that will clamp liquid crystal (gap) as d, with the refractive index of liquid crystal as Δ n, with optical wavelength as λ, the phase change that then is sent to the incident light in the liquid crystal is Δ nd/ λ.Then, by making the light that penetrated liquid crystal, can make the permeability variations of incident light, and can obtain desirable liquid crystal display by being attached at the Polarizer of aforesaid base plate.In this case, for example, set aforementioned deflection Polarizer, deceiving demonstration when no-voltage applies, and when voltage applied, making the penetrance of incident light with certain voltage (white appliances are pressed White) was maximum.

Relevant this vertical alignment liquid crystal display device is also just being developed the full-color vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the pixel that also has the RGB3 primary colors recently.

But, in the full-color vertical alignment liquid crystal display device,, be different and different according to each pixel owing to the light wavelength λ that passes through according to the chromatic filter layer of the different color of each pixel of RGB3 primary colors, therefore can't make penetrance with certain voltage is maximum.That is, shown in Figure 17 C, according to each rgb pixel, V-T characteristic (penetrance is to the characteristic of liquid crystal applied voltages) is different.In the V-T characteristic, penetrance T increases along with the increase of liquid crystal applied voltages V, if exceed maximal value, then turns to minimizing.Generally in RGB, cooperate the B (indigo plant) that penetrance T uprises with minimum voltage, press Vwhite as liquid crystal applied voltages V and set white appliances.

When applying this white appliances and press Vwhite,, therefore produce white and can be known and think the problem of inclined to one side indigo plant because G (green) does not reach 100% penetrance with R (red).Therefore, the liquid crystal applied voltages (driving voltage) of R pixel is uprised,, will produce the problem of the power consumption increase of liquid crystal indicator though can improve the problem of this kind colour cast.

Figure 16 is the sectional view about the vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, enclose same-sign, and omit explanation with the quilt of the common formation of aforementioned first embodiment (particularly Fig. 1).Second embodiment is identical with aforementioned first embodiment, be with in each respective pixel as the demonstration usefulness of RGB3 primary colors, possess penetration region and reflector space, and surrounding environment is that the bright or dim convenient semi penetration type LCD that observes is that example describes, yet also is applicable to the penetrating type LCD or the reflection type LCD of the pixel that possesses the RGB3 primary colors.

On first glass substrate 100, in each pixel of RGB3 primary colors, be formed with liquid crystal drive TFT20 respectively, and be formed with the interlayer dielectric (thereon form planarization insulating film then better) 34 of these liquid crystal drive of covering with TFT20.In each pixel region on this interlayer dielectric 34, be formed with pixel electrode 200.In penetration region is to form pixel electrode 200 by the transparency electrode 210 that ITO constitutes, and then forms pixel electrode 200 by the reflecting electrode 220 that the material of tool good reflection characteristics such as for example aluminium constitutes at reflector space.

In the B pixel, reflecting electrode 220 (b) is to be connected with source electrode or the drain electrode of liquid crystal drive with TFT20 by the contact hole that is formed on interlayer dielectric 34, and reflecting electrode 220 also contacts and electrically connects with transparency electrode 210.Equally, in G pixel, R pixel, reflecting electrode 220 also is connected liquid crystal drive with source electrode or the drain electrode of TFT20 by the contact hole that is formed on interlayer dielectric 34 respectively, and reflecting electrode 220 also contacts and electrically connects with transparency electrode 210.When reflecting electrode 220 and transparency electrode 210 direct contacts inconvenient situation, as described above to explanation that Fig. 6 did, preferably in fact reflecting electrode 220 is insulated with TFT20, and directly cover reflecting electrode 220 and in all transparency electrodes 210 that is made of transparent conductive metal oxide that forms of a pixel region, transparency electrode 210 is connected with TFT20 by contact hole.

Formation covers transparency electrode 210, the reflecting electrode 220 of each pixel by the first vertical orientation film 262 that for example organic material such as polyimide, polyamide constitutes.

In addition, second relative with aforementioned first glass substrate 100 glass substrate 300 is configured to parallel with substrate 100.At second glass substrate 300 and opposite face first glass substrate 100, each pixel corresponding to the RGB3 primary colors, and will from second substrate, 300 sides or from as shown in Figure 1 the light source that is disposed at first substrate, 100 sides or from the light source of the outer light of second substrate, 300 sides be incident to liquid crystal layer 400, and the incident light of directive second glass substrate 200 filters.And be formed with B color filtering optical layer 332b that blue light is seen through, make G color filtering optical layer 332g that green light sees through and the R color filtering optical layer 332r that red light is seen through.

And, in each reflector space of each pixel, the zone of the reflector space of corresponding B color filtering optical layer 332b is formed with by sense revolves the teat 340b that the optical activity resin forms, and the zone of the reflector space of corresponding G color filtering optical layer 332g is formed with the zone of revolving the reflector space of teat 340g, corresponding R color filtering optical layer 332r that the optical activity resin forms by sense and forms thoughts and revolve the teat 340r that the optical activity resin forms.These juts 340 (340b, 340g, 340r) be in first embodiment, also have explanation in reflector space and penetration region, be used to adjust the gap adjustment layer (a gap adjustment teat) in desired gap, by this gap adjustment layer 340 optionally is arranged on reflector space, make the distance (gap) in opposite directions of first glass substrate 100 of reflector space and second glass substrate 300 littler, make reflection characteristic good (at the display characteristic of reflector space) than transparent region.In addition, in the present embodiment, in each pixel of R, G, B, the thickness of teat 340 is set as common.

Moreover, covering is respectively arranged with B color filtering optical layer 332b, G color filtering optical layer 332g and the R color filtering optical layer 332r of teat 340, and form the transparent common electrode 320 that constitutes by ITO, cover this common electrode 320 again and form the second vertical orientation film 264 that constitutes by for example organic system such as polyimide, polyamide material.Then, in the space of 300 of first glass substrate 100 and second glass substrates, enclose and have the anisotropic liquid crystal 400 of negative dielectric constant.

The back side of first glass substrate 100 (outgoing plane of light) is pasted with λ/4 plates 111 and the Polarizer 112 as polarizer.Equally, be pasted with λ/4 plates 111 and Polarizer 112 at the back side of second glass substrate 200 (light emergence face) as the potential difference plate.Thus, set for: the voltage according to pixel electrode and common electrode 214 is set, and when liquid crystal 400 no-voltages applied, the incident light of injecting towards liquid crystal layer 400 can not pass through from outside ejaculation of second glass substrate, 300 side direction, thereby realizes black the demonstration; And when voltage puts on liquid crystal layer 400, to should voltage from second glass substrate, 300 sides and the light that penetrates to the outside can increase, promptly incident light can increase in the penetrance of liquid crystal layer.

In second embodiment of the invention, it is characterized by 332b, the 332g of each chromatic filter layer of B, G, R, the thickness setting of 332r.When the thickness that makes B color filtering optical layer 332b is that the thickness of D-blue, G color filtering optical layer 332g is the thickness of D-green, R color filtering optical layer 332r when being D-red, then satisfy the relational expression of D-blue 〉=D-green＞D-red.In the penetration region of each pixel of RGB, gap (being sandwiched in the thickness of liquid crystal between two substrates) becomes inverse relationship with the magnitude relationship of each chromatic filter layer.That is, when the gap of the transparent region that makes the B pixel is that the gap of the transparent region of G-blue (T), G pixel is the gap of the transparent region of G-green (T), R pixel when being G-red (T), its pass is G-red (T) 〉=G-green (T)＞G-blue (T).Like this, the thickness setting of B color filtering optical layer 201, G color filtering optical layer 202, R color filtering optical layer 203 is become to have nothing in common with each other, make gap (the being also referred to as cel-gap) difference of each pixel, can make the V-T characteristic homogenization of each pixel of RGB.

Then, the V-T characteristic of each pixel of relevant RGB describes according to experimental result shown in Figure 2.In Figure 17 A to 17C, transverse axis is the voltage that puts on liquid crystal 300, and the longitudinal axis is the penetrance of incident light.

At first, shown in Figure 17 C, situation (situation that all colorized optical filtering layer thicknesses are identical) at D-blue=D-green=D-red, the V-T characteristic of each RGB is different greatly, shown in Figure 17 A, if be set at D-blue＞D-green＞D-red, then the V-T characteristic of B, R pixel is near the V-T characteristic of G pixel.And, thickness setting by B color filtering optical layer 332b, G color filtering optical layer 332g and R color filtering optical layer 332r, each gap of RGB is set at G-red (T)=4.8 μ m, G-green (T)=4.0 μ m, G-blue (T)=3.3 μ m, is roughly the same thereby can make the V-T characteristic of RGB.Thus, by select suitable white appliances press White (for example, make penetrance be maximum voltage v), can under low voltage drive, obtain the demonstration of no colour cast.

In addition, shown in Figure 17 B, if be set at D-blue=D-green＞D-red, then the V-T characteristic of B, G pixel is identical with Figure 17 C, and the V-T characteristic of R pixel is near the V-T characteristic of G pixel.Like this, compare,, can improve the colour cast problem like this owing to can obtain high penetration by lower voltage V in the R pixel with the V-T characteristic of Figure 17 C.

On the other hand, in reflector space, layer (jut) 340r, 340g, 340b are adjusted in the gap that is provided with each rgb pixel, and aforementioned B, G, each color filtering optical layer 332b, 332g of R, 332r are present in penetration region and reflector space simultaneously.Therefore by setting the thickness of these color filtering optical layers 332b, 332g, 332r as previously mentioned respectively, make the gap length relation of reflector space also become identical relation with the relation of penetration region.Promptly, if making the B pixel pitch of reflector space is that the gap of G-blue (R), G pixel is that the gap of G-green (R), R pixel is G-red (R), and the height of jut 211,212,213 is identical, then becomes the relation of G-red (R)＞G-green (R) 〉=G-blue (R).So according to this second embodiment, the V-R characteristic of each pixel of RGB (reflectivity is to the liquid crystal applied voltages characteristic) is homogeneous more also, thereby the no colour cast that can obtain equally under low voltage drive shows.

Secondly, relevant aforementioned R, G, each color filtering optical layer 332r, 332g of B, the formation method of 332b are described.Each color filtering optical layer is that the sense that comprises this look pigment is revolved optical activity resin rotary coating (spin coat) on second glass substrate 300 basically, and by exposure and develop, figure is stayed institute decide regional getting final product.But, among this second embodiment, because each color filtering optical layer thickness is not identical, if thick color filtering optical layer, for example B color filtering optical layer 332b forms earlier, and then the concavo-convex of second glass substrate, 300 surfaces can become big, and make other chromatic filter layer, for example the formation of R color filtering optical layer 332r produces difficulty.

, at first form the thinnest R color filtering optical layer 332r herein, the order with G color filtering optical layer 332g, B color filtering optical layer 332b forms afterwards, and this manufacturing step is easier to realization, and comparatively desirable.Under the B color filtering optical layer 332b situation identical with G color filtering optical layer 332g thickness, 2 kinds of color filtering optical layers that this thickness is identical, its formation order is arbitrarily.

The 3rd embodiment

Then, carry out the explanation of the relevant third embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure.Figure 18 is the summary profile construction synoptic diagram about the vertical alignment liquid crystal display device of the 3rd embodiment.About being enclosed same-sign, and omit explanation with the common formation of aforementioned second embodiment.

In the 3rd embodiment, each pixel at R, G, B, for each clearance G is made as optimal different-thickness, except color filtering optical layer 330r, 330g, the 330b of the R, the G that are formed at second glass substrate, 300 sides, B and be used to adjust the jut 340 (340r, 340g, 340b) of difference gap of penetration region and reflector space, also possesses the adjustment layer (clearance layer) 350 that is used to adjust the difference gap that R, G, B use.Particularly, require in the B littler, the G pixel region than R pixel region at cel-gap G, each sense is revolved that optical activity resin bed 350b, 350g are formed on optionally that B color filtering optical layer 330b goes up and G color filtering optical layer 330g on, and as adjusting layer 350.At this, the thickness that makes sense on the B color filtering optical layer 330b revolve optical activity resin 350b is t1, and the thickness that optical activity resin 350g is revolved in the sense on the G color filtering optical layer 330g is t2.In addition, if make the gap (thickness of liquid crystal between two substrates) of the penetration region of B pixel be G-blue (T), then be set at t1 〉=t2.If making the gap of the penetration region of G pixel is G-green (T), the gap of the penetration region of R pixel is G-red (T), then satisfies:

The relation of G-red (T)＞G-green (T) 〉=G-blue (T).

In addition, in the 3rd embodiment, as shown in figure 18, make at the thickness of each color filtering optical layer 330r, 330g, 330b identical respectively, and under the situation that the thickness of teat 340r, 340g, 340b also equates respectively, when t1=t2, cel-gap satisfies G-green=G-blue.

Like this, form sense in necessary look regioselectivity and revolve optical activity resin bed 350, the gap (being called cel-gap again) of each pixel is made as different optimal values respectively according to R, G, B, can make the V-T characteristic homogenization of each pixel of RGB.

Secondly according to the experimental result shown in Figure 19 A to Figure 19 C, the V-T characteristic of each pixel of relevant RGB is described.In Figure 19 A to Figure 19 C, transverse axis is the voltage that puts on liquid crystal 400, and the longitudinal axis is the penetrance of incident light.

At first, shown in Figure 19 C, in the situation (not establishing the situation that optical activity resin bed 250g, 250b are revolved in sense) of G-red (T)=G-green (T)=G-blue (T), the V-T characteristic of each RGB differs widely.Relatively this, shown in Figure 19 A, if be set at G-red (T)＞G-green (T)＞G-blue (T), then the V-T characteristic of B, R pixel is near the characteristic (under the no correction situation, each characteristic of R, G, B is respectively as shown in Figure 19 A) of G pixel.More specifically, be set at G-red=4.8 μ m, G-green=4.0 μ m, G-blue=3.3 μ m, can make the V-T characteristic of RGB roughly the same by each gap with RGB.Like this, press Vwhite (for example, penetrance becomes maximum voltage V), then can under low voltage drive, obtain the demonstration of no colour cast by selecting suitable white appliances.

In addition, shown in Figure 19 B, if be set at G-red (T)＞G-green (T)=G-blue (T), then the V-T characteristic of B, G pixel is identical with Figure 19 C, and the V-T characteristic of R pixel is near the V-T characteristic of G pixel.Like this, compare, in the R pixel,, therefore can improve the colour cast problem owing to can more obtain high penetration under the low-voltage V with the V-T characteristic of Figure 19 C.

On the other hand, in reflector space, each pixel of RGB is provided with jut 340, and is equal owing to the thickness of this jut 340 is set for according to R, G, B, and the gap length relation of reflector space also is the relation identical with the aforementioned relation of penetration region.That is, the gap that makes the B pixel of reflector space is that the gap of G-blue (R), G pixel is that the gap of G-green (R), R pixel is G-red (R), then becomes: the relation of G-red (R)＞G-green (R) 〉=G-blue (R).

So, according to the embodiment of the invention, because the V-R characteristic (reflectivity is to the liquid crystal applied voltages characteristic) of each pixel of RGB homogeneous more can obtain the demonstration of no colour cast equally under low voltage drive.

Claims (18)

1. a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device has R, the G, the B pixel that are used to show red, green, blue 3 primary colors, and this display device possesses:

Be formed with first substrate of pixel electrode in each described pixel;

Dispose with the described first substrate subtend, and have second substrate of common electrode;

Enclose between described first substrate and described second substrate, and have the anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant;

On described second substrate, the R color filtering optical layer that each pixel disposed, G color filtering optical layer and the B color filtering optical layer of corresponding described R, G, B;

The first vertical orientation film that covers described pixel electrode and form; And

With respect to described common electrode and described R, G, B color filtering optical layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal side;

Wherein,

Penetration region in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode is used transparency electrode, and the reflector space in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode uses reflecting electrode or reflection horizon;

On described second substrate, each reflector space in described pixel is formed with gap adjustment jut;

Cover the adjustment of described gap and be formed with described common electrode with jut;

Being formed with the adjustment of described gap, be formed with the orientation control part of the alignment direction of control liquid crystal with on described second substrate of jut;

If make the thickness of described R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer be respectively D-red, D-green, D-blue, then satisfy D-blue 〉=D-green＞D-red.

2. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pixel electrode is a transparency electrode.

3. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pixel electrode is a reflecting electrode.

4. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said R, G, B color filtering optical layer usability optical activity resin.

5. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, the adjustment of wherein said gap has the suitable oblique cone shape that enlarges width towards this gap adjustment with the formation substrate of jut with the side of jut.

6. the manufacture method of a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, this vertical alignment liquid crystal display device possesses R, G, the B pixel that is used to show red, green, blue 3 primary colors, and possesses:

Be formed with first substrate of pixel electrode in each described pixel;

Dispose with the described first substrate subtend, and have second substrate of common electrode;

Enclose between described first substrate and described second substrate, and have the anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant;

On described second substrate, the R color filtering optical layer that each pixel disposed, G color filtering optical layer and the B color filtering optical layer of corresponding described R, G, B;

The first vertical orientation film that covers described pixel electrode and form; And

With respect to described common electrode and described R, G, B color filtering optical layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal side;

Wherein,

Penetration region in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode is used transparency electrode, and the reflector space in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode uses reflecting electrode or reflection horizon;

On described second substrate, each reflector space in described pixel is formed with gap adjustment jut at least;

Cover the adjustment of described gap and be formed with described common electrode with jut;

Being formed with the adjustment of described gap, be formed with the orientation control part of the alignment direction of control liquid crystal with on described second substrate of jut;

And if made the thickness of described R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer be respectively D-red, D-green, D-blue, would then satisfy D-blue 〉=D-green＞D-red;

In the manufacture method of this vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, in described R, G, B color filtering optical layer, the thinnest R color filtering optical layer material is prior to the formation of described B color filtering optical layer and described G color filtering optical layer and be formed on described second substrate-side;

Afterwards, described second substrate-side form B color filtering optical layer material or G color filtering optical layer material any.

7. the manufacture method of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 6, the filter that wherein is used for described R, G, B color filtering optical layer is the sensing optical activity resin, behind the corresponding filter of coating on the substrate, be patterned into desirable shape through overexposure and developing process.

8. the manufacture method of a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device, this vertical alignment liquid crystal display device possesses R, G, the B pixel that is used to show red, green, blue 3 primary colors, and has:

Be formed with first substrate of pixel electrode in each described pixel;

Dispose with the described first substrate subtend, and have second substrate of common electrode;

Enclose between described first substrate and described second substrate, and have the anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant;

On described second substrate, the R color filtering optical layer that each pixel disposed, G color filtering optical layer and the B color filtering optical layer of corresponding described R, G, B;

The first vertical orientation film that covers described pixel electrode and form; And

With respect to described common electrode and described R, G, B color filtering optical layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal side;

Wherein,

Penetration region in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode is used transparency electrode, and the reflector space in the described pixel in the formation zone of described pixel electrode uses reflecting electrode or reflection horizon;

On described second substrate, each reflector space in described pixel is formed with gap adjustment jut at least;

Cover the adjustment of described gap and be formed with described common electrode with jut;

Being formed with the adjustment of described gap, be formed with the orientation control part of the alignment direction of control liquid crystal with on described second substrate of jut; And

If make the thickness of described R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer be respectively D-red, D-green, D-blue, then satisfy D-blue 〉=D-green＞D-red,

In the manufacture method of this vertical alignment liquid crystal display device,

First filter that will comprise R look pigment is coated on described second substrate surface, with this first filter graphically to form described R color filtering optical layer;

Afterwards, second filter that will comprise G look pigment is coated on described second substrate surface, with this second filter graphically to form described G color filtering optical layer;

Then, the 3rd filter that will comprise B look pigment is coated described second substrate surface, with the 3rd filter graphically to form described B color filtering optical layer.

9. the manufacture method of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 8, wherein said first to the 3rd filter is the sensing optical activity resin.

10. the manufacture method of vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the described sensing optical activity resin that is coated with on the formation surface of described second substrate behind overexposure and developing process, forms the chromatic filter layer of desired pattern.

11. a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device possesses R, the G, the B pixel that are used to show red, green, blue 3 primary colors, this display device has:

Be formed with first substrate of pixel electrode in each described pixel;

Dispose with the described first substrate subtend, and have second substrate of common electrode;

Enclose between described first substrate and described second substrate, and have the anisotropic liquid crystal of negative dielectric constant;

On described second substrate, the R color filtering optical layer that each pixel disposed, G color filtering optical layer and the B color filtering optical layer of corresponding described R, G, B;

The clearance layer that on described G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer, forms only;

Cover the formed first vertical orientation film of described pixel electrode; And

With respect to described common electrode and described R, G, B color filtering optical layer and described clearance layer and be formed on the second vertical orientation film of liquid crystal side.

12. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said clearance layer usability optical activity resin material.

13. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, wherein formed described clearance layer on described B color filtering optical layer is also thicker than formed described clearance layer on described G color filtering optical layer.

14. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pixel electrode is a transparency electrode.

15. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pixel electrode is a reflecting electrode.

16. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, the penetration region in described pixel wherein, described pixel electrode uses transparency electrode, the reflector space in described pixel, described pixel electrode uses reflecting electrode or reflection horizon.

17. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 16, wherein

On described R color filtering optical layer, G color filtering optical layer and B color filtering optical layer,, be formed with the gap adjustment jut that forms by the sensing optical activity resin at least at each reflector space;

Cover the adjustment of described gap and be formed with described common electrode with jut.

18. vertical alignment liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 11, wherein said R, G, B color filtering optical layer usability optical activity resin.

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