CN100572978C - Pulsating solar thermal superconducting panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of pulse solar energy superconductive plate, comprise metal shell, it is characterized in that: metal shell is that outer surface is the double-layer plate structure on plane, leave the gap between two-layer flat board, its periphery seals, and is provided with barrier in the gap between two-layer flat board, and barrier will be divided into the single head and the tail cranky tubular conduit that communicates in the gap between two-layer flat board, the liquid thermal medium of contain is provided with the topping up pipe that links to each other with tubular conduit on metal shell in tubular conduit.Its advantage is: not only have transmission hot-fluid height, the temperature difference is low, does not have driving element, superior characteristics such as volume adaptability, whole device can be made the thin plate of 1.5-4.5mm, fully develops talents aspect utilizing at solar energy, but also can be widely used in microelectronics, drive electronic, network service, military (comprising wideband radar system, satellite system etc., fighter plane etc.), automobile, family expenses radiator and fields such as air-conditioning and Aero-Space.

Description

Pulsating solar thermal superconducting panels

technical field

The invention relates to a pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate.

Background technique

In the past 10 years, China's economy has developed rapidly, people's living standards have been continuously improved, and the demand for energy has also increased accordingly. Primary energy consumption includes fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Due to the limited oil reserves in China, nearly 50% of the crude oil currently depends on imports. In addition to the new round of oil crisis, coal is still China's main source of fuel and power. Environmental problems caused by coal burning have become a must in China's sustainable development strategy. Treat the problem. The Chinese government has recently paid great attention to energy resources and environmental issues, and actively adopted countermeasures to encourage the development of renewable energy and energy-saving technologies, which is the only way for China's sustainable development. Solar energy is a huge energy source that does not pollute the environment. The solar energy that the earth obtains every second is equivalent to the energy emitted by burning 5 million tons of high-quality coal. Using solar energy can build energy-saving buildings such as greenhouses and solar houses; solar collectors can replace traditional boilers as a heat source; using solar water heaters and solar cookers can save living fuel; It has been successfully used on artificial earth satellites and is now turning to ground applications. The technology of comprehensive utilization of solar energy is one of the effective measures to save energy, reduce consumption, rationally utilize energy and protect the environment. According to reports, in the 2008 Olympic Games, 80% of the swimming pool-based venues will use solar energy.

China is one of the countries with the most abundant solar energy in the world. The total amount of solar radiation in China is greater than 5.02 million kilojoules square meters, and the areas with annual sunshine hours of 2,200 hours account for more than 2/3 of China's land area, especially in the western region. The annual sunshine time is more than 3000 hours. China has made remarkable achievements in the use of solar energy, among which the solar water heater industry has developed particularly rapidly and is becoming a new industry. By the end of 2001, there were more than 1,000 manufacturers of solar water heaters nationwide, with more than 30 million users, an overall output value of 6 billion yuan, and 250 million yuan in taxes. By the end of 2000, China's solar water heaters had reached 26 million square meters, replacing 4 million tons of standard coal per year with conventional energy sources, ranking first in the world in both production and usage. In recent years, solar water heaters have grown rapidly at an annual rate of 20% to 30%, with an annual increase of 5 million square meters. By 2015, China's solar battery ownership will reach 320 megawatts, the penetration rate of household solar water heaters will reach 20-30%, and the ownership will reach 320 million square meters. According to incomplete statistics, if 100 million households across the country use solar water heaters, it will increase the output value by hundreds of billions of yuan after driving the development of related industries. China's solar energy industry started relatively late and is still in the early stages of development. There is a big gap with foreign counterparts. The current application of solar energy mainly focuses on the utilization of low-quality solar energy. Water heaters, glass vacuum tube solar water heaters and heat pipe glass vacuum tube solar water heaters, etc. In recent years, there are also low-end solar collectors using plastic-water pipes. The disadvantages of these low-end solar water heaters, which use vacuum glass plates/tubes to directly discharge water, are poor thermal insulation performance, many interfaces are prone to water leakage, poor resistance to low temperature, fragile and easy to burst, large in size, heavy in weight, and low in thermal efficiency; The advantage is low cost. Even the current domestic high-grade vacuum glass tube-heat pipe solar water heater (the collector adopts vacuum glass tube plus copper-water heat pipe solar collector), its overall thermal efficiency is not high, the manufacturing cost is high, and the performance is unstable. Due to the design principle and structural defects of existing heat collectors, the use environment and application fields of solar heat collectors are greatly limited. Therefore, improving solar energy utilization technology and product quality, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving the adaptability of the area of use will be the key to widely popularizing and applying solar water heaters in China and entering the international market.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a new product which is quite different from the traditional vacuum glass tube plus copper-water heat pipe solar heat collector, which combines solar heat collection and heat conduction into one, with a low weight. Lightweight, high pressure bearing, high overall thermal efficiency, excellent antifreeze performance (can resist low temperature of -40°C), fast start-up speed, good reliability, low manufacturing cost, long service life, and can be made suitable for different low temperature according to the application range of solar energy utilization systems.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in the following ways:

The invention includes a metal shell, which is characterized in that: the metal shell is a double-layer flat plate structure with a flat outer surface, a gap is left between the two layers of flat plates, and its periphery is sealed, and a partition is arranged in the gap between the two layers of flat plates. Grid, the grid divides the gap between the two plates into a single winding tubular channel connected end to end, liquid heat medium is stored in the tubular channel, and the metal shell is provided with a filling tube connected to the tubular channel. liquid pipe.

The metal shell is made of metal with good thermal conductivity, such as: aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper and other metal materials;

There are capillary sharp corners between the above-mentioned grille and the metal shell;

The grille is preferably composed of metal wires arranged in a staggered front and back;

The metal wire can be aluminum wire, copper wire, etc.;

The cross-sectional width of the tubular channel is 0.2-4 mm;

The optimal cross-sectional shape of the metal wire is circular;

Liquid heat medium can be used according to the needs of the application: water, acetone, acetone+ethanol mixed working medium or other liquids;

In order to make the device absorb solar energy as high as possible, a solar selective paint layer is coated on the outer surface of the absorbing section of the metal shell.

The pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate uses the principle of phase change and convection to transmit heat, and the working fluid is driven by pulse and capillary force. Brief introduction to its working principle: When sunlight irradiates the selective coating, the absorbed energy is converted into heat and transmitted to the internal working fluid through the shell. The fluid absorbs heat and evaporates to generate bubbles, forming a gas-liquid interlaced two-phase flow. The fluid flows to the heat output end through the drive of pulsation and capillary force in the micro channel with special structure (connected with multiple curved serpentine channels). When the gas condenses and releases heat, it transfers the heat to the heat absorbing body. Irregular bubble generation and disappearance, resulting in rapid heat absorption-release (transfer).

The device not only has the characteristics of high heat transfer, low temperature difference, no driving components, and excellent volume adaptability. The whole device can be made into a thin plate of 1.5-4.5mm, which has great potential in solar energy utilization, and can also be widely used in microelectronics. Power electronics, network communications, military (including broadband radar systems, satellite systems, etc., fighter jets, etc.), automobiles, household radiators and air conditioners, and aerospace and other fields.

The application of the pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate of the present invention on the solar water heater, compared with the current vacuum glass tube plus copper-water heat pipe solar collector, the pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate water heater has the following advantages: 1. Collecting plate heat absorption Integrated with conduction, the overall heat utilization efficiency is high; 2. The pulsation-capillary hybrid structure is adopted, and the transmission power is significantly improved; 3. The weight is light, and the installation is not limited by the position; 4. The use of special working fluid, -40C does not freeze, Good low temperature starting performance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A direction of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Metal shell, 2. Metal wire, 3. Front sealing edge, 4. Liquid-filled tube, 5. Rear sealing edge, 6. Liquid heat medium, 7. Capillary sharp corner, 8. U-shaped bend.

Detailed ways

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the metal shell 1 uses a corrosion-resistant rare-earth aluminum alloy shell, the liquid heat medium 6 uses (50-90%) acetone (+50-10%) ethanol mixed working fluid, and the grilles are arranged in front and rear dislocations. The circular metal wire 2 forms a micro-capillary serpentine tubular channel with the same number of U-shaped bends 8 as the number of metal wires connected end-to-end between the metal wire 2 and the housing 1 (as shown in Figure-4). The serpentine tubular channel with multiple U-shaped bends 8 is the key to generating pulsating phase change heat transfer. Each section of the microtubular channel has four capillary sharp corners 7 (as shown in Figure-3), which can generate strong capillary driving force.

One of the manufacturing methods of the present invention is: using circular metal wire coated with a special fusing agent to be arranged in a dislocation front and back, and sintered/sintered into one body with the shell, forming a meandering tubular channel connected end to end in the shell, and A liquid filling tube connected to the tubular channel is installed on the side of the metal shell. After the tubular channel is evacuated through the liquid filling tube, a liquid heat medium is injected into the tubular channel. During the sintering/sintering process of the shell and the metal wire , forming capillary sharp corners between the metal wire and the housing surface.

Example:

1. Aluminum alloy-(acetone+ethanol) pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate

Structure: shell (Al6063) and metal wire (A11100) fused together

The thickness of the material constituting the shell: 0.25 ~ 1.00mm

Liquid heat medium: acetone + ethanol

Diameter of metal wire: 0.25～2.00mm

The cross-sectional width of the tubular channel: 0.25 ~ 3.00mm

Operating temperature: -40℃～180℃

2. Copper-water pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate

Shell structure: sintered copper (C1100) and copper wire (C1100)

The thickness of the material constituting the shell: 0.25 ~ 1.00mm

Liquid heat medium: water

Diameter of metal wire: 0.25～2.00mm

The cross-sectional width of the tubular channel: 0.25 ~ 3.00mm

Operating temperature: 20℃～200℃

Claims (3)

1. A pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate, including a metal shell, is characterized in that: the metal shell is a double-layer flat plate structure with a plane outer surface, there is a gap between the two layers of flat plates, and its periphery is sealed. There is a grille in the gap between the two layers of plates. There are capillary sharp corners between the grille and the metal shell. The grille divides the gap between the two layers of plates into a single serpentine tubular channel connected end to end. The tubular channel The cross-sectional width is 0.2-4mm, liquid heat medium is stored in the tubular passage, and a liquid filling pipe connected with the tubular passage is arranged on the metal shell. 2. The pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grid is made of metal wires arranged in a front and rear dislocation. 3. The pulsating solar thermal superconducting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cross-sectional shape of the metal wire is circular.

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