CN100572176C - A kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis, front suspension is made up of preceding U-shaped frame, vertical flexible elastic element, preceding intermediate rod, the closing end mid point ball-and-socket hinge style of preceding U-shaped frame is linked on the front vehicle frame, before the two ends of bifurcated of U-shaped frame connect firmly with the both sides of preceding vehicle bridge respectively, between the top of vehicle bridge both sides and the front vehicle frame bottom, the two ends of horizontal preceding intermediate rod were hinged respectively between the front vehicle frame of both sides, chassis and preceding vehicle bridge before the two ends of elastic element were connected in; Rear suspension be by equalizing bar, be connected in middle U-shaped frame between the vehicle frame of vehicle bridge and back, be connected in the back vehicle bridge with after between the vehicle frame back U-shaped frame, middle intermediate rod, after intermediate rod constitute; The present invention is simple in structure, and maneuvering performance is better, has avoided the torsional deflection of vehicle frame.Both guaranteed the global stiffness of dumping car, avoided again dumping car on rugged ground the up torsional deflection that exists on the crossbeam of sailing, improved maneuvering performance, be specially adapted to rugged road conditions.

Description

An articulated dump truck chassis

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of dump trucks, in particular to an articulated dump truck chassis.

Background technique

At present, the chassis of the load dump truck mainly includes the girder, the front axle and the rear axle. The girder is composed of the front and rear frames hinged together. The front and rear suspensions of the existing dump trucks are connected to the vehicle frame through hinged joints. Although the up and down jumps and horizontal swings can be realized, the independent up and down jumps of each wheel cannot be realized, and the swing range of each axle is relatively large. Especially when driving on rough roads, the various additional torsional and bending loads imposed by the axle on the frame are relatively large, which affects the service life of the frame and even the entire vehicle.

The Chinese patent application number 97235741.6: "Articulated dump truck chassis" discloses a dump truck chassis, the front and rear frames of the chassis are connected by front and rear hinge plates, hinge pins and oil cylinders, and the front and rear hinge plates are respectively It is fixed on the front and rear vehicle frames, and the hinge joints of the front and rear hinge plates are pierced with vertical hinge shafts, and tapered roller bearings and joint bearings are arranged between the rear hinge plates and the hinge pins. The front and rear frames of the girder of the dump truck can only swing on the horizontal plane and cannot rotate around the longitudinal axis of the girder. And increase extra mechanism, and limit the maneuverability of dump truck.

In addition, the front suspension of existing dump trucks mostly uses oil-pneumatic springs, but the manufacturing cost of oil-pneumatic springs is high, and a set of special inflation equipment is required for maintenance during use. Regular inflation according to certain operating procedures is troublesome for maintenance. During the working process, due to the deflection of the axis of the cylinder and poor sealing, the inner surface of the cylinder is easily scratched.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an articulated dump truck chassis in which the wheels at both ends of each axle can independently jump up and down relative to the main beam.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an articulated dump truck chassis, including a girder composed of front and rear frames hinged together, the bottoms of the front and rear frames are respectively provided with front and rear suspensions and through the front , the axle connected by the rear suspension, the front suspension arranged at the bottom of the front frame is connected with the front axle, the front suspension is composed of a front U-shaped frame, a vertically telescopic elastic element, and a front tie rod, and the front U The center of the closed end of the frame is connected to the front frame with a point ball hinge, the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to both sides of the front axle respectively, and the two ends of the elastic element are connected to both sides of the front axle Between the top of the front frame and the bottom of the front frame, the two ends of the transverse front tie rods are respectively hinged between the front frame and the front axle on both sides of the chassis; The axle and the rear axle are connected, and the rear suspension is composed of a balance beam, a middle U-shaped frame connected between the middle axle and the rear frame, a rear U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame, The balance beam is composed of two longitudinal beams arranged symmetrically on both sides of the rear frame. The rear axle is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams with the hinge shaft as the midpoint, and is elastically connected to the bottom of the two balance beams through a vertically expandable elastic element. Hingedly connected to the rear frame, the two ends of the fork of the middle U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to the bridge of the middle car, the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame is hinged on the rear frame, and the bifurcated ends of the rear U-shaped frame Both ends are fixed and connected to the rear axle with bolts, and the two ends of the transverse tie rod are respectively hinged between the rear frame and the middle axle on both sides of the chassis, and the two ends of the transverse rear tie rod are respectively hinged to the chassis Between the rear frame on both sides and the rear axle.

A barrel shock absorber is supported between the front U-shaped frame and the front vehicle frame.

The front frame and the rear frame are connected by an articulated frame, the front end of the articulated frame and the rear end of the front frame are rotatably hinged together through a vertical articulated shaft and a connector, and the rear end of the articulated frame is connected to the rear frame The front ends are rotatably hinged together through a longitudinal rotating shaft and connecting pieces.

The rear end of the front frame is fixed with an upper and lower pin seat with a built-in vertical hinge shaft, and the front end of the hinge frame is fixed with an upper and a lower hinge plate which are respectively rotated and mounted on the hinge pin, and the upper and lower hinge plates Joint bearings and hinge pins are installed in the joints for rotation and cooperation. The rear end of the hinge frame is fixed with a longitudinal rotating shaft.

Both sides of the crossbeam are respectively connected with a steering oil cylinder between the front frame and the hinge frame, and the cylinder bodies and piston rods of the two steering oil cylinders are respectively connected to the front frame and the hinge frame through joint bearings.

The elastic elements in the front suspension are double coil springs.

The elastic elements used for the elastic connection between the middle and rear axles and the bottoms of the two balance beams are rubber-metal reinforcing springs.

When the dump truck with the chassis of the present invention is running, the elastic elements in the front and rear suspensions can play the role of attenuating vibration and buffering each vehicle axle, and each tie rod plays a role in laterally limiting each vehicle axle, and the rear suspension The two balance beams of the frame are equivalent to levers that can swing around its central fulcrum—the hinge shaft, and the middle and rear axles at both ends of the balance beam can swing up and down, so that the wheels on the middle and rear axles are single. Point support, when the vehicle is driving on rough ground, the four wheels on the middle and rear axles can swing up and down with the height of the bottom respectively, ensuring that the four wheels of the rear frame can touch the ground at the same time at any time , increasing the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The bifurcation of each U-shaped frame in the front and rear suspensions is fixedly connected with the corresponding axle (two wheels are respectively installed on the left and right sides of each axle), and the midpoint of the closed end of each U-shaped frame is connected with the corresponding axle. The frame or the girder is connected by a ball joint, so that each axle can rotate relative to the frame (girder), or the six wheels can independently jump relative to the frame (girder), so that The dump truck with the chassis of the present invention can adapt to various uneven road surfaces, and minimize the various additional torsion, bending and other loads on the vehicle frame, and finally prolong the life of the vehicle frame and even the whole vehicle. The invention has simple structure, good maneuverability and avoids twisting and deformation of the vehicle frame. It not only ensures the overall rigidity of the dump truck, but also avoids the twisting and deformation of the dump truck running on the girder on rough ground, improves the maneuverability, and is especially suitable for rough road conditions.

In addition, the front axle adopts barrel shock absorber and double-width coil spring, which makes the arrangement and maintenance of the front suspension easier. Ability to work in all working conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the girder of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the articulated dump truck chassis of the present invention comprises a girder and front, middle and rear axles, and the girder is composed of a front frame 20, a rear frame 6 and is connected to the front frame Articulated frame 13 between 20 and rear vehicle frame 6 constitutes. The rear end of front vehicle frame 20 is fixed with upper and lower pin seat 24,25, and vertical hinged pin shaft 28,29 is respectively housed in upper and lower pin seat 24,25, and the front end of articulation frame 13 is fixed with respectively. Rotate the upper and lower hinged plates 26,27 that are installed on the hinged pins 28,29, the joint bearings 21,22 are respectively housed in the upper and lower hinged plates 26,27 and the hinged pins 28,29 rotate and cooperate, and the hinged frame The rear end of 13 is fixed with longitudinal rotating shaft 30, and the front end of rear vehicle frame 6 is provided with rotary supporting ring 31, and rotating shaft 30 rear ends are rotatably assembled in rotating supporting ring 31. As shown in Fig. 3, the articulated frame 13, the front frame 20, and the rear frame 6 in the girder of the present invention are respectively connected by joint bearings 21, 22 and a rotary support ring 31, so that when the vehicle is running, the front and rear frames are both It can swing on the horizontal plane, and can have a relatively large rotation around the longitudinal axis of the girder, thereby avoiding the twisting and deformation of the girder. Both sides of the beam are respectively connected with a steering cylinder 33, 34 between the front frame 20 and the hinged frame 13, and the cylinder body and the piston rod of the steering cylinder 34 are respectively connected to the front frame 20 and the hinged frame 13 through joint bearings 36, 35. On the other side, the cylinder block and the piston rod of the steering oil cylinder 33 on the other side are also connected to the front vehicle frame and the articulated frame respectively by joint bearings. The steering of the vehicle can be completed by the expansion and contraction of the piston rods of the two steering cylinders 33,34.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the bottom of the front frame 20 of the chassis of the present invention is provided with a front suspension and a front axle 16. Vehicle frame 20 bottoms, front suspension mainly is made up of front U-shaped frame 15, double secondary coil spring 1 and front tie rod 32. The closed end of the front U-shaped frame 15 is connected to the center of the point ball hinge in the hinge pin shaft 29 lower ends, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame 15 are fixedly connected with the front axle 16 with bolts respectively, and the front U-shaped frame 15 and the front A barrel shock absorber 2 is also supported between the vehicle frames 20 . One end of the front tie rod 32 is hinged on the front vehicle frame 20, and the other end is hinged on the front axle 16; the transverse front tie rod 32 can limit the lateral movement of the front axle when the vehicle is running, so as to prevent the wheels from colliding with the front axle. The front frame 20 collides.

The bottom of the rear frame 6 of the chassis of the present invention is provided with a rear suspension, a middle axle 11, and a rear axle 7. Pull rod 9, rear transverse tie rod 33 constitute. The balance beam 10 is two longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear frame 6, and the middle part of each balance beam 10 is hinged on the hinge support shaft 50 provided at the middle part of the side of the rear frame 6, so that the balance beam 10 can be rotated around the hinge. The fulcrum 50 swings. The horizontal middle axle 11 and the rear axle 7 are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams 10 with the hinge shaft 50 as the midpoint, and the tops on both sides of the middle axle 11 and the rear axle 7 are reinforced by rubber metal. The spring 5 is elastically connected to the bottoms of the two balance beams 10 . A middle U-shaped frame 12 is connected between the middle axle 11 and the rear vehicle frame 6, and the middle point ball hinge type of the closed end of the middle U-shaped frame 12 is connected on the rear vehicle frame 6, and the two branches of the middle U-shaped frame 12 The end is fixedly connected on the middle axle 11 with bolts. A rear U-shaped frame 8 is supported and connected between the rear axle 7 and the rear vehicle frame 6, and the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame 8 is hinged on the rear vehicle frame 6, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the rear U-shaped frame 8 are used Bolts are fixedly connected on the rear axle 7. The transverse tie rods 9 are respectively connected between the rear frame 6 and the middle axle 11 in a hinged manner, and the transverse rear tie rods 33 are respectively connected between the rear frame 6 and the rear axle 7 in a hinged manner. The middle and rear tie rods 9,33 can limit the lateral movement of the middle and rear axles 11,7 when the vehicle is running, so as to prevent the wheels from colliding with the rear vehicle frame 6.

When the transmission system of the present invention is in operation, as shown in Figure 2, the power output by the engine 19 is passed to the transfer case 14 after the clutch 18 and the speed changer 17, so that the power is respectively forward axle 16, middle axle 11, and rear axle. Axle 7 passes. When the vehicle is running, the coil spring 1 of the front suspension, the cylinder type shock absorber 2 and the rubber metal reinforcement spring 5 of the rear suspension can attenuate vibration and buffer each axle. Acting as a lateral limiter, the balance beam 10 of the rear suspension is equivalent to a lever that can swing around its central fulcrum—the hinge shaft 50, and the middle and rear axles at both ends of the balance beam 10 can swing up and down, so that The wheels on the middle and rear axles are supported by a single point. When the vehicle is driving on rough ground, the four wheels on the middle and rear axles can swing up and down with the height of the bottom, ensuring that the rear frame 6 The four wheels on the car can touch the ground at the same time at any time, which increases the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The bifurcation of each U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the corresponding axle (two wheels are respectively adorned on the left and right sides of each axle), and the midpoint of the closed end of each U-shaped frame is connected with the vehicle frame or the crossbeam. It is a ball hinge connection, and each axle can rotate relative to the vehicle frame (frame), or in other words, the six wheels can jump independently relative to the vehicle frame (frame), so that the self-unloading vehicle using the chassis of the present invention The car can adapt to various uneven road surfaces, and minimize the various additional torsion, bending and other loads on the frame, ultimately prolonging the life of the frame and even the entire vehicle.

Claims (5)

1. An articulated dump truck chassis, comprising a girder composed of front and rear frames hinged together, the bottoms of the front and rear frames are respectively provided with front and rear suspensions and connected by the front and rear suspensions The axle is characterized in that: the front suspension provided at the bottom of the front frame is connected to the front axle, the front suspension is composed of a front U-shaped frame, a vertically telescopic elastic element, and a front tie rod, and the front U-shaped The center point of the closed end of the frame is connected to the front frame with a point ball hinge, the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame are connected to the two sides of the front axle respectively, and the two ends of the elastic element are connected to the two sides of the front axle. Between the top and the bottom of the front frame, the two ends of the transverse front tie rods are respectively hinged between the front frame and the front axle on both sides of the chassis; The bridge and the rear axle are connected. The rear suspension is composed of a balance beam, a middle U-shaped frame connected between the middle axle and the rear frame, a rear U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame, and a middle U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame. The balance beam is composed of two longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear frame. The middle of each balance beam is hinged on the hinge shaft set in the middle of the rear frame. The rear axle is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams with the hinge shaft as the midpoint, and is elastically connected to the bottom of the two balance beams through a vertically stretchable elastic element. The two ends of the bifurcation of the middle U-shaped frame are fixedly connected on the middle axle, the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame is hinged on the rear frame, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the rear U-shaped frame The two ends of the horizontal tie rods are respectively hinged between the rear frame and the middle axle on both sides of the chassis, and the two ends of the horizontal rear tie rods are respectively hinged on the two sides of the chassis. between the rear frame on the side and the rear axle; the front frame and the rear frame are connected by an articulation frame, and the front end of the articulation frame and the rear end of the front frame are rotatable through a vertical hinge shaft and a joint. connected together, the rear end of the articulation frame and the front end of the rear frame are rotatably hinged together through a longitudinal shaft and a connector; the rear end of the front frame is fixed with upper and lower pins with built-in vertical articulation shafts Shaft seat, the front end of the hinged frame is fixed with the upper and lower hinged plates respectively rotating and mounted on the hinged shaft, the upper and lower hinged plates are equipped with joint bearings to rotate with the hinged shaft respectively, the rear end of the hinged frame The longitudinal rotating shaft is fixed, the front end of the rear vehicle frame is provided with a rotary support ring, and the rear end of the rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the rotary support ring. 2. The automobile chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: a cylindrical shock absorber is supported between the front U-shaped frame and the front frame. 3. The automobile chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a steering oil cylinder is respectively connected between the front frame and the hinged frame on both sides of the beam, and the cylinder body and the piston rod of the two steering oil cylinders respectively pass through The joint bearing is connected on the front vehicle frame and the articulation frame. 4. The automobile chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: the elastic elements in the front suspension are double coil springs. 5. The automobile chassis according to claim 4, characterized in that: the elastic elements used for the elastic connection between the middle and rear axles and the bottoms of the two balance beams are rubber-metal reinforcing springs.

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