CN100572176C - A kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis - Google Patents

A kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis Download PDF

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CN100572176C
CN100572176C CNB2007101898214A CN200710189821A CN100572176C CN 100572176 C CN100572176 C CN 100572176C CN B2007101898214 A CNB2007101898214 A CN B2007101898214A CN 200710189821 A CN200710189821 A CN 200710189821A CN 100572176 C CN100572176 C CN 100572176C
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frame
axle
hinged
shaped frame
sides
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CN101161535A (en
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郭志军
闵海涛
范东林
李忠利
申彦杰
张朝杰
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis, front suspension is made up of preceding U-shaped frame, vertical flexible elastic element, preceding intermediate rod, the closing end mid point ball-and-socket hinge style of preceding U-shaped frame is linked on the front vehicle frame, before the two ends of bifurcated of U-shaped frame connect firmly with the both sides of preceding vehicle bridge respectively, between the top of vehicle bridge both sides and the front vehicle frame bottom, the two ends of horizontal preceding intermediate rod were hinged respectively between the front vehicle frame of both sides, chassis and preceding vehicle bridge before the two ends of elastic element were connected in; Rear suspension be by equalizing bar, be connected in middle U-shaped frame between the vehicle frame of vehicle bridge and back, be connected in the back vehicle bridge with after between the vehicle frame back U-shaped frame, middle intermediate rod, after intermediate rod constitute; The present invention is simple in structure, and maneuvering performance is better, has avoided the torsional deflection of vehicle frame.Both guaranteed the global stiffness of dumping car, avoided again dumping car on rugged ground the up torsional deflection that exists on the crossbeam of sailing, improved maneuvering performance, be specially adapted to rugged road conditions.

Description

一种铰接式自卸汽车底盘 An articulated dump truck chassis

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及自卸汽车技术领域,尤其是一种铰接式自卸汽车底盘。The invention relates to the technical field of dump trucks, in particular to an articulated dump truck chassis.

背景技术 Background technique

目前载重自卸车底盘主要包括大梁、前车桥、后车桥,大梁是由铰连在一起的前、后车架构成,前车架通过前悬架连接前车桥,后车架通过后悬架连接后车桥,现有自卸车的前、后悬架通过铰接方式与车架连接,虽然能够实现上下跳动和水平摆动,但无法实现各车轮的独立上下跳动,各车桥的摆动幅度较小,特别是在崎岖路面行驶时,车桥对车架施加的各种附加的扭转、弯曲载荷较大,影响车架乃至整车的使用寿命。At present, the chassis of the load dump truck mainly includes the girder, the front axle and the rear axle. The girder is composed of the front and rear frames hinged together. The front and rear suspensions of the existing dump trucks are connected to the vehicle frame through hinged joints. Although the up and down jumps and horizontal swings can be realized, the independent up and down jumps of each wheel cannot be realized, and the swing range of each axle is relatively large. Especially when driving on rough roads, the various additional torsional and bending loads imposed by the axle on the frame are relatively large, which affects the service life of the frame and even the entire vehicle.

申请号为97235741.6的中国专利:“铰接式自卸车底盘”中公开了一种自卸车底盘,该底盘前、后车架通过前、后铰接板和铰接销以及油缸连接,前、后铰接板分别固定在前、后车架上,前、后铰接板的铰接处穿设有竖向的铰接轴,后铰接板与铰接销之间装有圆锥滚子轴承和关节轴承。该自卸车大梁的前、后车架只能在水平面上摆动而不能绕大梁的纵向轴线回转,行走于不平路面时,大梁将受到较大的扭曲变形,这不但会因大梁的设计考虑扭曲变形而增加额外的机构,而且限制了自卸车的机动性能。The Chinese patent application number 97235741.6: "Articulated dump truck chassis" discloses a dump truck chassis, the front and rear frames of the chassis are connected by front and rear hinge plates, hinge pins and oil cylinders, and the front and rear hinge plates are respectively It is fixed on the front and rear vehicle frames, and the hinge joints of the front and rear hinge plates are pierced with vertical hinge shafts, and tapered roller bearings and joint bearings are arranged between the rear hinge plates and the hinge pins. The front and rear frames of the girder of the dump truck can only swing on the horizontal plane and cannot rotate around the longitudinal axis of the girder. And increase extra mechanism, and limit the maneuverability of dump truck.

另外现有自卸车的前悬架多采用油气弹簧,但油气弹簧制造成本高,并且在使用过程中需要一套专门的充气设备维护,按一定的操作规程定期充气,维护保养较麻烦,同时在工作过程中因油缸轴线的偏斜和密封不良,油缸内表面容易刮伤。In addition, the front suspension of existing dump trucks mostly uses oil-pneumatic springs, but the manufacturing cost of oil-pneumatic springs is high, and a set of special inflation equipment is required for maintenance during use. Regular inflation according to certain operating procedures is troublesome for maintenance. During the working process, due to the deflection of the axis of the cylinder and poor sealing, the inner surface of the cylinder is easily scratched.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种各车桥两端的车轮可相对大梁进行独立上下跳动的铰接式自卸汽车底盘。The object of the present invention is to provide an articulated dump truck chassis in which the wheels at both ends of each axle can independently jump up and down relative to the main beam.

本发明的技术方案是:一种铰接式自卸汽车底盘,包括由铰连在一起的前、后车架所构成大梁,前、后车架的底部分别设置有前、后悬架及通过前、后悬架连接的车桥,所述前车架底部所设置的前悬架与前车桥连接,前悬架由前U形架、竖向伸缩的弹性元件、前横拉杆组成,前U形架的闭合端中点球铰式联结于前车架上,前U形架的分叉的两端分别与前车桥的两侧固联,弹性元件的两端连接于前车桥两侧的顶部与前车架底部之间,横向的前横拉杆的两端分别铰连在底盘两侧的前车架与前车桥之间;所述后车架的底部设置的后悬架与中车桥、后车桥连接,后悬架是由平衡梁、连接于中车桥与后车架之间的中U形架、连接于后车桥与后车架之间的后U形架、中横拉杆、后横拉杆构成,平衡梁是对称设置于后车架两侧的两根纵向梁,每根平衡梁的中部均铰接于后车架侧面中部设置的铰支轴上,中车桥和后车桥以铰支轴为中点前后对称的装设于两平衡梁的底部、并通过竖向伸缩的弹性元件与两平衡梁的底部弹性连接,中U形架的闭合端中点球铰式联结在后车架上,中U形架分叉的两端固定联结在中车桥上,后U形架的闭合端中点铰接在后车架上,后U形架的分叉的两端用螺栓固定联结在后车桥上,横向的中横拉杆的两端分别铰连于底盘两侧后车架与中车桥之间,横向的后横拉杆的两端分别铰连于底盘两侧的后车架与后车桥之间。The technical solution of the present invention is: an articulated dump truck chassis, including a girder composed of front and rear frames hinged together, the bottoms of the front and rear frames are respectively provided with front and rear suspensions and through the front , the axle connected by the rear suspension, the front suspension arranged at the bottom of the front frame is connected with the front axle, the front suspension is composed of a front U-shaped frame, a vertically telescopic elastic element, and a front tie rod, and the front U The center of the closed end of the frame is connected to the front frame with a point ball hinge, the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to both sides of the front axle respectively, and the two ends of the elastic element are connected to both sides of the front axle Between the top of the front frame and the bottom of the front frame, the two ends of the transverse front tie rods are respectively hinged between the front frame and the front axle on both sides of the chassis; The axle and the rear axle are connected, and the rear suspension is composed of a balance beam, a middle U-shaped frame connected between the middle axle and the rear frame, a rear U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame, The balance beam is composed of two longitudinal beams arranged symmetrically on both sides of the rear frame. The rear axle is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams with the hinge shaft as the midpoint, and is elastically connected to the bottom of the two balance beams through a vertically expandable elastic element. Hingedly connected to the rear frame, the two ends of the fork of the middle U-shaped frame are fixedly connected to the bridge of the middle car, the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame is hinged on the rear frame, and the bifurcated ends of the rear U-shaped frame Both ends are fixed and connected to the rear axle with bolts, and the two ends of the transverse tie rod are respectively hinged between the rear frame and the middle axle on both sides of the chassis, and the two ends of the transverse rear tie rod are respectively hinged to the chassis Between the rear frame on both sides and the rear axle.

所述前U形架与前车架之间支撑有筒式减震器。A barrel shock absorber is supported between the front U-shaped frame and the front vehicle frame.

所述前车架和后车架之间通过铰接架连接,铰接架前端与前车架后端通过竖向的铰接轴及连接件可转动的铰连在一起,铰接架后端与后车架前端通过纵向的转轴及连接件可转动的铰连在一起。The front frame and the rear frame are connected by an articulated frame, the front end of the articulated frame and the rear end of the front frame are rotatably hinged together through a vertical articulated shaft and a connector, and the rear end of the articulated frame is connected to the rear frame The front ends are rotatably hinged together through a longitudinal rotating shaft and connecting pieces.

所述前车架的后端固定有内置竖向铰接轴的上、下销轴座,铰接架的前端固定有分别转动穿装于铰接销轴上的上、下铰接板,上、下铰接板内分别装有关节轴承与铰接销轴转动配合,铰接架的后端固定有纵向转轴,后车架的前端设有回转支撑圈,转轴后端转动装配于回转支撑圈内。The rear end of the front frame is fixed with an upper and lower pin seat with a built-in vertical hinge shaft, and the front end of the hinge frame is fixed with an upper and a lower hinge plate which are respectively rotated and mounted on the hinge pin, and the upper and lower hinge plates Joint bearings and hinge pins are installed in the joints for rotation and cooperation. The rear end of the hinge frame is fixed with a longitudinal rotating shaft.

所述大梁两侧于前车架与铰接架之间各连接有一个转向油缸,两转向油缸的缸体和活塞杆分别通过关节轴承连接在前车架与铰接架上。Both sides of the crossbeam are respectively connected with a steering oil cylinder between the front frame and the hinge frame, and the cylinder bodies and piston rods of the two steering oil cylinders are respectively connected to the front frame and the hinge frame through joint bearings.

所述前悬架中的弹性元件为双副螺旋弹簧。The elastic elements in the front suspension are double coil springs.

所述中、后车桥与两平衡梁的底部弹性连接所用的弹性元件为橡胶金属加强弹簧。The elastic elements used for the elastic connection between the middle and rear axles and the bottoms of the two balance beams are rubber-metal reinforcing springs.

具有本发明底盘的自卸车在行驶时,前、后悬架中的弹性元件可以对各车桥起到衰减震动和缓冲的作用,各横拉杆对各车桥起到横向限位作用,后悬架的两根平衡梁相当于可绕其中心支点——铰支轴摆动的杠杆,而处于平衡梁两端的中、后车桥就可以实现上下摆动,使中、后车桥上的车轮为单点支撑,当车辆行驶在崎岖不平的地面上时,中、后车桥上的四个车轮可以随着底面的高低各自上下摆动,保证了后车架的四个车轮在任何时候都能同时着地,增加了车辆的动力性能。而前后悬架中的每个U形架的分叉都是与相应的车桥(每根车桥左右各装两个车轮)固定联结,每个U形架的闭合端中点又都是与车架或者说大梁是球铰式联结,这样就使得每根车桥可相对与车架(大梁)做相对转动,或者说六个车轮都可以相对于车架(大梁)独立地跳动,从而使具有本发明的底盘的自卸汽车能够适应各种高低凹凸不平的路面,并且使车架所受到的各种附加的扭转、弯曲等载荷减至最低,最终延长车架乃至整车的寿命。本发明结构简单,机动性能较好,避免了车架的扭曲变形。既保证了自卸车的总体刚度,又避免了自卸车在崎岖地面上行驶大梁上存在的扭曲变形,提高了机动性能,特别适用于崎岖不平的路况。When the dump truck with the chassis of the present invention is running, the elastic elements in the front and rear suspensions can play the role of attenuating vibration and buffering each vehicle axle, and each tie rod plays a role in laterally limiting each vehicle axle, and the rear suspension The two balance beams of the frame are equivalent to levers that can swing around its central fulcrum—the hinge shaft, and the middle and rear axles at both ends of the balance beam can swing up and down, so that the wheels on the middle and rear axles are single. Point support, when the vehicle is driving on rough ground, the four wheels on the middle and rear axles can swing up and down with the height of the bottom respectively, ensuring that the four wheels of the rear frame can touch the ground at the same time at any time , increasing the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The bifurcation of each U-shaped frame in the front and rear suspensions is fixedly connected with the corresponding axle (two wheels are respectively installed on the left and right sides of each axle), and the midpoint of the closed end of each U-shaped frame is connected with the corresponding axle. The frame or the girder is connected by a ball joint, so that each axle can rotate relative to the frame (girder), or the six wheels can independently jump relative to the frame (girder), so that The dump truck with the chassis of the present invention can adapt to various uneven road surfaces, and minimize the various additional torsion, bending and other loads on the vehicle frame, and finally prolong the life of the vehicle frame and even the whole vehicle. The invention has simple structure, good maneuverability and avoids twisting and deformation of the vehicle frame. It not only ensures the overall rigidity of the dump truck, but also avoids the twisting and deformation of the dump truck running on the girder on rough ground, improves the maneuverability, and is especially suitable for rough road conditions.

另外前车桥采用筒式减震器和双幅螺旋弹簧,使得前悬架的布置和维护变得比较容易,后车桥采用橡胶弹簧连接平衡梁组成悬架装置,大大提高了自卸车的非公路全工况的作业能力。In addition, the front axle adopts barrel shock absorber and double-width coil spring, which makes the arrangement and maintenance of the front suspension easier. Ability to work in all working conditions.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2是图1的俯视图;Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

图3是本发明的大梁的工作原理图。Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the girder of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

如图1、图2、图3所示,本发明的铰接式自卸汽车底盘包括大梁及前、中、后车桥,大梁是由前车架20、后车架6及连接于前车架20和后车架6之间的铰接架13构成。前车架20的后端固定有上、下销轴座24、25,上、下销轴座24、25内分别装有竖向的铰接销轴28、29,铰接架13的前端固定有分别转动穿装于铰接销轴28、29上的上、下铰接板26、27,上、下铰接板26、27内分别装有关节轴承21、22与铰接销轴28、29转动配合,铰接架13的后端固定有纵向的转轴30,后车架6的前端设有回转支撑圈31,转轴30后端转动装配于回转支撑圈31内。如图3所示,本发明大梁中的铰接架13和前车架20、后车架6分别采用关节轴承21、22和回转支撑圈31连接,使得车辆在运行时,前、后车架既可以在水平面上摆动,又可以绕大梁的纵向轴线有较大幅度的回转,从而避免了大梁的扭曲变形。大梁两侧于前车架20与铰接架13之间各连接有一个转向油缸33、34,转向油缸34的缸体和活塞杆分别通过关节轴承36、35连接在前车架20与铰接架13上,另一侧的转向油缸33的缸体和活塞杆同样是通过关节轴承分别连接在前车架与铰接架上。通过两个转向油缸33、34的活塞杆的伸缩可完成车辆的转向。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the articulated dump truck chassis of the present invention comprises a girder and front, middle and rear axles, and the girder is composed of a front frame 20, a rear frame 6 and is connected to the front frame Articulated frame 13 between 20 and rear vehicle frame 6 constitutes. The rear end of front vehicle frame 20 is fixed with upper and lower pin seat 24,25, and vertical hinged pin shaft 28,29 is respectively housed in upper and lower pin seat 24,25, and the front end of articulation frame 13 is fixed with respectively. Rotate the upper and lower hinged plates 26,27 that are installed on the hinged pins 28,29, the joint bearings 21,22 are respectively housed in the upper and lower hinged plates 26,27 and the hinged pins 28,29 rotate and cooperate, and the hinged frame The rear end of 13 is fixed with longitudinal rotating shaft 30, and the front end of rear vehicle frame 6 is provided with rotary supporting ring 31, and rotating shaft 30 rear ends are rotatably assembled in rotating supporting ring 31. As shown in Fig. 3, the articulated frame 13, the front frame 20, and the rear frame 6 in the girder of the present invention are respectively connected by joint bearings 21, 22 and a rotary support ring 31, so that when the vehicle is running, the front and rear frames are both It can swing on the horizontal plane, and can have a relatively large rotation around the longitudinal axis of the girder, thereby avoiding the twisting and deformation of the girder. Both sides of the beam are respectively connected with a steering cylinder 33, 34 between the front frame 20 and the hinged frame 13, and the cylinder body and the piston rod of the steering cylinder 34 are respectively connected to the front frame 20 and the hinged frame 13 through joint bearings 36, 35. On the other side, the cylinder block and the piston rod of the steering oil cylinder 33 on the other side are also connected to the front vehicle frame and the articulated frame respectively by joint bearings. The steering of the vehicle can be completed by the expansion and contraction of the piston rods of the two steering cylinders 33,34.

如图1、2所示,本发明的底盘的前车架20的底部设置有前悬架及前车桥16,前车桥16两侧的顶部通过竖向的双副螺旋弹簧1连接在前车架20底部,前悬架主要由前U形架15、双副螺旋弹簧1和前横拉杆32组成。前U形架15的闭合端中点球铰式联结于铰接销轴29下端,前U形架15的分叉的两端分别与前车桥16用螺栓固定联结,前U形架15与前车架20之间还支撑有筒式减震器2。前横拉杆32的一端铰连在前车架20上,另一端铰连在前车桥16上;横向的前横拉杆32可在车辆运行时限制前车桥的横向窜动,以防止车轮与前车架20碰撞。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the bottom of the front frame 20 of the chassis of the present invention is provided with a front suspension and a front axle 16. Vehicle frame 20 bottoms, front suspension mainly is made up of front U-shaped frame 15, double secondary coil spring 1 and front tie rod 32. The closed end of the front U-shaped frame 15 is connected to the center of the point ball hinge in the hinge pin shaft 29 lower ends, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame 15 are fixedly connected with the front axle 16 with bolts respectively, and the front U-shaped frame 15 and the front A barrel shock absorber 2 is also supported between the vehicle frames 20 . One end of the front tie rod 32 is hinged on the front vehicle frame 20, and the other end is hinged on the front axle 16; the transverse front tie rod 32 can limit the lateral movement of the front axle when the vehicle is running, so as to prevent the wheels from colliding with the front axle. The front frame 20 collides.

本发明的底盘的后车架6的底部设置有后悬架、中车桥11、后车桥7,后悬架主要由平衡梁10、中U形架12、后U形架8、中横拉杆9、后横拉杆33构成。平衡梁10是对称设置于后车架6两侧的两根纵向梁,每根平衡梁10的中部均铰接于后车架6侧面中部设置的铰支轴50上,使平衡梁10可绕铰支轴50摆动。横向的中车桥11和后车桥7以铰支轴50为中点前后对称的装设于两平衡梁10的底部,中车桥11和后车桥7两侧的顶部均通过橡胶金属加强弹簧5与两平衡梁10的底部弹性连接。中车桥11与后车架6之间连接有中U形架12,中U形架12的闭合端中点球铰式联结在后车架6上,中U形架12的分叉的两端用螺栓固定联结在中车桥11上。后车桥7与后车架6之间支撑连接有后U形架8,后U形架8的闭合端中点铰接在后车架6上,后U形架8的分叉的两端用螺栓固定联结在后车桥7上。横向的中横拉杆9采用铰接的方式分别联结于后车架6与中车桥11之间,横向的后横拉杆33采用铰接的方式分别联结于后车架6与后车桥7之间,中、后横拉杆9、33可在车辆运行时各限制中、后车桥11、7的横向窜动,以防止车轮与后车架6碰撞。The bottom of the rear frame 6 of the chassis of the present invention is provided with a rear suspension, a middle axle 11, and a rear axle 7. Pull rod 9, rear transverse tie rod 33 constitute. The balance beam 10 is two longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear frame 6, and the middle part of each balance beam 10 is hinged on the hinge support shaft 50 provided at the middle part of the side of the rear frame 6, so that the balance beam 10 can be rotated around the hinge. The fulcrum 50 swings. The horizontal middle axle 11 and the rear axle 7 are symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams 10 with the hinge shaft 50 as the midpoint, and the tops on both sides of the middle axle 11 and the rear axle 7 are reinforced by rubber metal. The spring 5 is elastically connected to the bottoms of the two balance beams 10 . A middle U-shaped frame 12 is connected between the middle axle 11 and the rear vehicle frame 6, and the middle point ball hinge type of the closed end of the middle U-shaped frame 12 is connected on the rear vehicle frame 6, and the two branches of the middle U-shaped frame 12 The end is fixedly connected on the middle axle 11 with bolts. A rear U-shaped frame 8 is supported and connected between the rear axle 7 and the rear vehicle frame 6, and the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame 8 is hinged on the rear vehicle frame 6, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the rear U-shaped frame 8 are used Bolts are fixedly connected on the rear axle 7. The transverse tie rods 9 are respectively connected between the rear frame 6 and the middle axle 11 in a hinged manner, and the transverse rear tie rods 33 are respectively connected between the rear frame 6 and the rear axle 7 in a hinged manner. The middle and rear tie rods 9,33 can limit the lateral movement of the middle and rear axles 11,7 when the vehicle is running, so as to prevent the wheels from colliding with the rear vehicle frame 6.

本发明的传动系统在工作时如图2所示,发动机19输出的动力,经离合器18和变速器17后,传至分动器14,使动力分别向前车桥16、中车桥11、后车桥7传递。当车辆在行驶时,前悬架的螺旋弹簧1、筒式减震2以及后悬架的橡胶金属加强弹簧5可对各车桥起到衰减震动和缓冲的作用,各横拉杆对各车桥起到横向限位作用,后悬架的平衡梁10相当于可绕其中心支点——铰支轴50摆动的杠杆,而处于平衡梁10两端的中、后车桥就可以实现上下摆动,使中、后车桥上的车轮为单点支撑,当车辆行驶在崎岖不平的地面上时,中、后车桥上的四个车轮可以随着底面的高低各自上下摆动,保证了后车架6上的四个车轮在任何时候都能同时着地,增加了车辆的动力性能。而每个U形架的分叉都是与相应的车桥(每根车桥左右各装两个车轮)固定联结,每个U形架的闭合端中点又都是与车架或者说大梁是球铰式联结,每根车桥可相对与车架(大梁)做相对转动,或者说六个车轮都可以相对于车架(大梁)独立地跳动,从而使使用本发明的底盘的自卸汽车能够适应各种高低凹凸不平的路面,并且使车架所受到的各种附加的扭转、弯曲等载荷减至最低,最终延长车架乃至整车的寿命。When the transmission system of the present invention is in operation, as shown in Figure 2, the power output by the engine 19 is passed to the transfer case 14 after the clutch 18 and the speed changer 17, so that the power is respectively forward axle 16, middle axle 11, and rear axle. Axle 7 passes. When the vehicle is running, the coil spring 1 of the front suspension, the cylinder type shock absorber 2 and the rubber metal reinforcement spring 5 of the rear suspension can attenuate vibration and buffer each axle. Acting as a lateral limiter, the balance beam 10 of the rear suspension is equivalent to a lever that can swing around its central fulcrum—the hinge shaft 50, and the middle and rear axles at both ends of the balance beam 10 can swing up and down, so that The wheels on the middle and rear axles are supported by a single point. When the vehicle is driving on rough ground, the four wheels on the middle and rear axles can swing up and down with the height of the bottom, ensuring that the rear frame 6 The four wheels on the car can touch the ground at the same time at any time, which increases the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The bifurcation of each U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the corresponding axle (two wheels are respectively adorned on the left and right sides of each axle), and the midpoint of the closed end of each U-shaped frame is connected with the vehicle frame or the crossbeam. It is a ball hinge connection, and each axle can rotate relative to the vehicle frame (frame), or in other words, the six wheels can jump independently relative to the vehicle frame (frame), so that the self-unloading vehicle using the chassis of the present invention The car can adapt to various uneven road surfaces, and minimize the various additional torsion, bending and other loads on the frame, ultimately prolonging the life of the frame and even the entire vehicle.

Claims (5)

1、一种铰接式自卸汽车底盘,包括由铰连在一起的前、后车架所构成大梁,前、后车架的底部分别设置有前、后悬架及通过前、后悬架连接的车桥,其特征在于:所述前车架底部所设置的前悬架与前车桥连接,前悬架由前U形架、竖向伸缩的弹性元件、前横拉杆组成,前U形架的闭合端中点球铰式联结于前车架上,前U形架的分叉的两端分别与前车桥的两侧固联,弹性元件的两端连接于前车桥两侧的顶部与前车架底部之间,横向的前横拉杆的两端分别铰连在底盘两侧的前车架与前车桥之间;所述后车架的底部设置的后悬架与中车桥、后车桥连接,后悬架是由平衡梁、连接于中车桥与后车架之间的中U形架、连接于后车桥与后车架之间的后U形架、中横拉杆、后横拉杆构成,平衡梁是对称设置于后车架两侧的两根纵向梁,每根平衡梁的中部均铰接于后车架侧面中部设置的铰支轴上,中车桥和后车桥以铰支轴为中点前后对称的装设于两平衡梁的底部、并通过竖向伸缩的弹性元件与两平衡梁的底部弹性连接,中U形架的闭合端中点球铰式联结在后车架上,中U形架分叉的两端固定联结在中车桥上,后U形架的闭合端中点铰接在后车架上,后U形架的分叉的两端用螺栓固定联结在后车桥上,横向的中横拉杆的两端分别铰连于底盘两侧后车架与中车桥之间,横向的后横拉杆的两端分别铰连于底盘两侧的后车架与后车桥之间;所述前车架和后车架之间通过铰接架连接,铰接架前端与前车架后端通过竖向的铰接轴及连接件可转动的铰连在一起,铰接架后端与后车架前端通过纵向的转轴及连接件可转动的铰连在一起;所述前车架的后端固定有内置所述竖向铰接轴的上、下销轴座,铰接架的前端固定有分别转动穿装于所述铰接轴上的上、下铰接板,上、下铰接板内分别装有关节轴承与所述铰接轴转动配合,铰接架的后端固定有纵向转轴,后车架的前端设有回转支撑圈,转轴后端转动装配于回转支撑圈内。1. An articulated dump truck chassis, comprising a girder composed of front and rear frames hinged together, the bottoms of the front and rear frames are respectively provided with front and rear suspensions and connected by the front and rear suspensions The axle is characterized in that: the front suspension provided at the bottom of the front frame is connected to the front axle, the front suspension is composed of a front U-shaped frame, a vertically telescopic elastic element, and a front tie rod, and the front U-shaped The center point of the closed end of the frame is connected to the front frame with a point ball hinge, the two ends of the bifurcation of the front U-shaped frame are connected to the two sides of the front axle respectively, and the two ends of the elastic element are connected to the two sides of the front axle. Between the top and the bottom of the front frame, the two ends of the transverse front tie rods are respectively hinged between the front frame and the front axle on both sides of the chassis; The bridge and the rear axle are connected. The rear suspension is composed of a balance beam, a middle U-shaped frame connected between the middle axle and the rear frame, a rear U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame, and a middle U-shaped frame connected between the rear axle and the rear frame. The balance beam is composed of two longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear frame. The middle of each balance beam is hinged on the hinge shaft set in the middle of the rear frame. The rear axle is symmetrically installed on the bottom of the two balance beams with the hinge shaft as the midpoint, and is elastically connected to the bottom of the two balance beams through a vertically stretchable elastic element. The two ends of the bifurcation of the middle U-shaped frame are fixedly connected on the middle axle, the midpoint of the closed end of the rear U-shaped frame is hinged on the rear frame, and the two ends of the bifurcation of the rear U-shaped frame The two ends of the horizontal tie rods are respectively hinged between the rear frame and the middle axle on both sides of the chassis, and the two ends of the horizontal rear tie rods are respectively hinged on the two sides of the chassis. between the rear frame on the side and the rear axle; the front frame and the rear frame are connected by an articulation frame, and the front end of the articulation frame and the rear end of the front frame are rotatable through a vertical hinge shaft and a joint. connected together, the rear end of the articulation frame and the front end of the rear frame are rotatably hinged together through a longitudinal shaft and a connector; the rear end of the front frame is fixed with upper and lower pins with built-in vertical articulation shafts Shaft seat, the front end of the hinged frame is fixed with the upper and lower hinged plates respectively rotating and mounted on the hinged shaft, the upper and lower hinged plates are equipped with joint bearings to rotate with the hinged shaft respectively, the rear end of the hinged frame The longitudinal rotating shaft is fixed, the front end of the rear vehicle frame is provided with a rotary support ring, and the rear end of the rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the rotary support ring. 2、根据权利要求1所述的汽车底盘,其特征在于:所述前U形架与前车架之间支撑有筒式减震器。2. The automobile chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: a cylindrical shock absorber is supported between the front U-shaped frame and the front frame. 3、根据权利要求1或2所述的汽车底盘,其特征在于:所述大梁两侧于前车架与铰接架之间各连接有一个转向油缸,两转向油缸的缸体和活塞杆分别通过关节轴承连接在前车架与铰接架上。3. The automobile chassis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a steering oil cylinder is respectively connected between the front frame and the hinged frame on both sides of the beam, and the cylinder body and the piston rod of the two steering oil cylinders respectively pass through The joint bearing is connected on the front vehicle frame and the articulation frame. 4、根据权利要求3所述的汽车底盘,其特征在于:所述前悬架中的弹性元件为双副螺旋弹簧。4. The automobile chassis according to claim 3, characterized in that: the elastic elements in the front suspension are double coil springs. 5、根据权利要求4所述的汽车底盘,其特征在于:所述中、后车桥与两平衡梁的底部弹性连接所用的弹性元件为橡胶金属加强弹簧。5. The automobile chassis according to claim 4, characterized in that: the elastic elements used for the elastic connection between the middle and rear axles and the bottoms of the two balance beams are rubber-metal reinforcing springs.
CNB2007101898214A 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 A kind of hinged type self-discharging automobile chassis Expired - Fee Related CN100572176C (en)

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