CN100569904C - A kind of compatibilizer and production method thereof of coal gangue preparation - Google Patents
A kind of compatibilizer and production method thereof of coal gangue preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100569904C CN100569904C CNB2007100177961A CN200710017796A CN100569904C CN 100569904 C CN100569904 C CN 100569904C CN B2007100177961 A CNB2007100177961 A CN B2007100177961A CN 200710017796 A CN200710017796 A CN 200710017796A CN 100569904 C CN100569904 C CN 100569904C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of agent for soil expansion and increment of coal gangue preparation, this agent for soil expansion and increment that makes is made up of following raw material and weight percent thereof: coal gangue: potassium primary phosphate 35%～45%: diammonium phosphate 10%～20%: rape slag 15%～20%: urea 10%～15%: 1%～3%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 1%～2%: 10%～18%.Its preparation method is first with the coal gangue impurities removing, and classification is ground to below the 1mm after crushed, cross 20 mesh sieves, with the auxiliary material potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate, rape slag, the crop mixed straw is air-dry, separated pulverizing also is ground to below the 1mm, crosses 20 mesh sieves, mixes then, stir, through granulating, packing promptly.Per hectare is used 750kg-1500kg.Crops such as cotton can be increased production more than 12%, improve water use efficiency more than 10%, in the arid and semi-arid area, can make full use of natural rainfall, and preserve moisture and fertility is increase soil fertility, and helps ecological protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agent for soil expansion and increment and production method thereof.Particularly a kind of compatibilizer and production method thereof of utilizing waste resource (coal gangue) for the main raw material preparation for comprehensive utilization town and country waste resource, turns waste into wealth and opened up a new way.
Background technology
1. China's coal gangue present situation
Coal gangue is the solid waste that produces in the coal production and the course of processing, is one of trade waste of present China annual emissions and accumulative total volume of cargo in storage maximum.The colliery is through exploitation for many years, and pile up like a mountain for the depleted coal gangue.Since the 1950's, because the development of mining machineryization and running down of seam mining condition, the spoil that discharge in the colliery rolls up.The coal in China system accumulates the coal gangue that gets off for many years and reaches more than 1,000,000,000 tons, also will give off nearly 100,000,000 tons every year now, wherein washes about more than 1,500 ten thousand tons of spoil.The accumulation of coal gangue not only takies a large amount of soils, and understands atmosphere pollution and water source after contained sulfide distributes in the coal gangue, causes serious consequence.Contained pyrite (FeS in the coal gangue
2) easily oxidation by air, liberated heat can impel contained coal weathering in the coal gangue so that spontaneous combustion.Coal gangue gives off an unpleasant smell and deleterious smog when burning, and resident's chronic tracheitis and asthma patient increase near making, and trees are fallen leaves on every side, the crops underproduction.Coal gangue hill is subjected to rain drop erosion, near the channel aggradation in river often making, and river is polluted.Bastard coal clitter landslide accident together abroad once took place, so that buried a primary school under the mountain valley, caused many people casualty accident.Therefore, along with China for protecting farmland and the promulgation and the enforcement of every laws and regulations of environment protection, how to handle and utilize coal gangue to become the important topic that coal mining and environmental protection department face.
Comprehensive utilization of resources is to administer the important measures of polluting, improving environment, promoting sustainable development.The coal gangue that produces in coal mining and the washing process is a kind of solid waste, also is utilizable resource.At present, both at home and abroad the coal approach of destroying the stone comprehensive utilization mainly contains: utilize coal gangue power generation, produce building materials, in the exploitation coal gangue altogether, associated mineral, utilize coal gangue to produce fertilizer, utilize coal gangue to build the road, fill out hole, land reclamation etc.
2. external coal gangue comprehensive utilization present situation
At present, abroad to the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue with domestic basic identical, mainly concentrate on and utilize coal gangue power generation, produce building materials, and aspects such as being total in the exploitation coal gangue, associated mineral.External in recent years scientist also discovers, contains the multiple kinds of crops necessary microbial fertilizer composition of growing in the coal gangue.But about utilizing coal gangue to produce agent for soil expansion and increment, the multifunctional comprehensive of turning waste into wealth utilizes technology, rarely seen report.
3. domestic coal gangue comprehensive utilization present situation
Enlarging the coal gangue comprehensive utilization is the inevitable requirement of China's Sustainable development.Adhere to the guiding theory of " suiting measures to local conditions; actively utilize ", carry out the principle of " whose discharging, who administer ", " who utilizes, who be benefited ", fully utilize under the guiding of a series of encouragement policieies about coal gangue in country, China's coal gangue comprehensive utilization scale constantly enlarges, and the comprehensive utilization technique level significantly improves, and recycling is combined with enterprise development, recycling combines with Pollution abatement, realized the unification of economic benefit, environmental benefit, social benefit.
3.1 comprehensive Utilization Ways of Coal gangue
Since the reform and opening-up, China introduces the modern technique of developed countries such as France, makes advanced in years the stepping on a new stage of development of coal gangue building material industry.1989, two two ones of committees of central authorities issued the notice of comprehensive utilization coal gangue jointly, and the resource utilization of coal gangue is decided to be country-driven policy, after this, have put into effect preferential policies such as a series of tax reduction and exemption again, had effectively promoted the development of coal gangue comprehensive utilization cause.
3.1.1 utilize bastard coal masonry fuel heat supply generating
Carbon content is higher relatively, and the coal gangue of thermal value more than 6300kJ/kg is suitable to the fuel generating.Utilize abundant coal gangue burning, replace the fat coal power generation and heat supply, both utilized the calorific value of coal gangue, saved coal again, also reduced environmental pollution, refuse occupation of land and soil erosion.
3 Comprehensive Utilization Power Plant that flat coal group builds up, can consume 230,000 tons of coal slimes, 300,000 tons of coal gangues every year, year 5.2 hundred million kilowatt-hours of can generating electricity, realize 1.6 hundred million yuan of sales revenue, at present, urban district, tafelberg cancel all arcola, realized central heating, food and beverage enterprise and the 90% above resident of the whole city more than 50% used clean fuels such as coal gas, liquefied gas, and urban air and environmental quality obviously improve, and realize economic benefit and ecological benefits bumper harvests.
In August, 2005, the nearly 1,400,000,000 yuan Chongqing pine algal coal electricity company spoil power station of gross investment has entered into the transmission of electricity stage, and after this power plant puts into serial production, annual electricity generating capacity will reach 1,600,000,000 kilowatt-hours.7 coal gangue comprehensive utilization of resources power plant have been ratified in Chongqing at present, after the installation total volume reaches 580,000 kilowatts of these projects of and builds up, can year utilize 3,600,000 tons of coal gangues, year generating 3,500,000,000 kilowatt-hours.
3.1.2 the recovery Mineral resources are produced Chemicals
Contain more than 50 kind of elements such as sulphur, aluminium, iron, barium, calcium, titanium, silicon in the coal gangue, when a certain in the coal gangue or several enrichment of element to having industrial utilization when being worth, just can extract industrial chemicals or Chemicals.
Coal gangue can be produced aluminium chlorohydroxide and water glass; With the coal gangue is raw material, by fragmentation, roasting, operations such as molten, the condensing crystal of acid, boiling decomposition and water distribution polymerization continuously, the technology of producing polymerize aluminum chloride with acid pasting is ripe, and the residue that production process produces can be used as cement ingredient, or makes products such as water glass and carbon black; Can prepare 18 water Tai-Ace S 150 (Al through operations such as fragmentation, acidolysis, filtration purification, evaporative crystallization and dewatered dryings
2(SO
4)
318H
2O), production technique is simple, reliable product quality.For the higher coal gangue of titanium dioxide two iron levels, can adopt the DC-ore-heating furnace smelting Si-Al-Fe alloy.In one permian period of the northern China coal coal measure strata, a kind of rare coal gangue---high alumina coal gangue is arranged, it is the essential mineral composition with the kaolinite, is the distinctive novel clay soil resource of China, and the world is rare.This high alumina coal gangue of China, not only reserves are big, and distributional stability, and good quality have certain extraction value, and tangible resources advantage is arranged.In the past, this coal gangue overwhelming majority all be used as the barren rock waste material be discharged the heap abandon, cause the huge wasting of resources and environmental pollution.Today,, then can turn waste into wealth if it is fully utilized.We can make full use of this resource, develop that industrial market presses for, have usury more with the mineral novel material---high purity silicic acid aluminium refractory fibre new energy saving product, high-purity mullite and the matrix material thereof etc. that are worth.This mineral novel material that comes out with the coal gangue comprehensive exploitation not only has important scientific meaning, and has great economy and social effect.
3.1.3 the application in building materials
(1) brickmaking.Utilize making coal gangue brick to comprise and produce the vitrified brick and the interior fuel of baking bricks with coal gangue.Coal gangue generally accounts for more than 80% of billet weight, have whole be raw material with the coal gangue, coal gangue is made the spoil brick through fragmentation, grinding, stirring, compacting, moulding, drying, roasting.Utilize coal gangue to produce the full internal combustion roasting technology of the general employing of vitrified brick, promptly the thermal value with coal gangue self provides heat energy to finish the technological process of dry and roasting, does not need extra fuel substantially.Only (＜2.1～4.2MJPkg) just mix a small amount of coal in spoil when the coal gangue thermal value is low.Per ten thousand mark lump coal spoil bricks are saved 1 ton of mark coal approximately than clay brick, use no or little 30% soil, but its performance are identical with common brick.Fuel brickmaking production technique only need increase the pulverizing process of coal gangue with to make fuel with coal basic identical in baking bricks with the bastard coal masonry.
(2) system cement.SiO in the coal gangue
2, Al
2O
3, Fe
2O
3Total content generally more than 80%, be a kind of natural clayey raw material, but substitute for clay batching is fired ordinary Portland cement, quick hardening Portland cement, coal gangue slag cement etc.White sand coal electricity group side, Hengyang City Ning Jiancai company utilizes coal gangue to replace clay and produces cement, has saved production cost, for enterprise production and management has brought considerable economic and social benefit.
(3) make cement mixture and concrete admixture.Coal gangue has certain activity after spontaneous combustion or artificial calcining, can mix and make active addition in the cement, improves the performance of cement, reduces the Cement Production cost.Company limited utilizes the coal gangue as cement blended material as Datong District's Cement Group, and its every technical indicator can both meet the technical requirements of manufacture of cement, and makes production cost reduce by 3.84 yuan/ton.
Coal gangue also can substitute part cement, mixes in the concrete as active admixture, thereby improves the gradation composition of cement slurry, improves concrete workability, degree of compactness and sulphate-corrosion resistance etc.But the case history that directly uses as concrete admixture with colliery powder seldom, fails so far to be generalized in the concrete production to go, and awaits strengthening the research of this respect
(4) produce light-weight aggregate and holllow building block.Wash cash with what the yeath cash of carbon content＜13% or coal separating plant discharged, add the water balling-up through pulverizing and jevigating, with sinter machine or rotary kiln technology roasting, the spoil ball expands, the cooling back gangue lightweight aggregate.The light-weight aggregate of producing with coal gangue is as aggregate, and cement is consolidating material, adds a small amount of admixture, adds that water stirs and be called for short gangue hollow block through the holllow building block that moulding, natural curing form.This block performance is stable, can replace whole sandstones and cement, and has light weight, high-strength, advantage such as technology is simple, cost is low and sharp useless rate height, result of use be good, replaces common brick with gangue hollow block, can save a large amount of clays, and minimizing is ruined the field with soil.
(5) build the road and packing material.Coal gangue has good wind resistance rain erosion performance, extensively utilizes self-igniting coal gangue as road-making material abroad.Facts have proved that it is a kind of good road-making material similar to gravelly soil, has good water stability.The coal gangue compound is made road basement material, its intensity, freezes stability and the temperature resistance anti-fragility that contracts, and all can satisfy the code requirement of multiple standard highway, and the performance of some compound also is better than the base material used always.Therefore, has promotional value widely with bastard coal masonry road basement material.Utilize bastard coal masonry subsidence area compaction material again, coal mining destructive soil is restored,,, can improve the intensity and the density of obturator if add that a small amount of lime or cement are modulated into mortar owing to contain a large amount of SiO2 and Al2O3 etc. in the coal gangue.
Produce compound farming fertilizer 3.1.4 utilize coal gangue
External in recent years scientist discovers, contains the multiple kinds of crops necessary microbial fertilizer composition of growing in the coal gangue.The scientific research task group that Beijing Forestry University, Shanxi the Lushui River peace Mining Group, Chaoyang City Yaqian Cosmetics Co., Ltd cooperation are set up, filtering out two kinds, to be fit to the coal gangue be the bacterial classification that matrix is produced bio-feritlizer, successfully develops coal gangue composite microbiological fertilizer production technique.Detect through grain quality supervision and inspection center of the national Ministry of Agriculture, use green pepper, corn, the millet of coal gangue composite microbiological fertilizer, than the similar increasing crop yield 9.3%, 0.4% and 10.3% of using common chemical fertilizer, vitamins B I content improves 103.1% respectively.Test result shows, that this fertilizer has is nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, wide spectrum, high-quality, advantage such as efficient.
With coal gangue and cheap ground phosphate rock is raw material matrix, and outer doping etc. can be made into the coal gangue microbial fertilizer, and this fertilizer can be used as main fertilising and is applied to plant husbandry.Utilize the acid-basicity of coal gangue and various trace elements and the nutritive ingredient that wherein contains, can use it for and improve the soil, regulate the potential of hydrogen and the sedimentation of soil, and can increase the fertilizer efficiency of soil.
China is large agricultural country, and water scarcity and fertilizer efficiency of water application are low, and efficient utilization of liquid manure is the key of agriculture production, therefore, how to reduce the liquid manure loss, and improving the liquid manure utilising efficiency is the significant problem that faces in the current agriculture production.Simultaneously, along with continuous progress in science and technology, how effectively utilizing industrial residue, turn waste into wealth, alleviate environmental pollution, is the common topic of paying close attention in the current whole world.At present, the science and technology that coal gangue utilizes again is more and more, but these are confined to industrial circle mostly, and it is less relatively and immature as the research that compatibilizer is used on the agricultural.Guiding theory of the present invention utilize exactly external medium both coal gangue prepare agent for soil expansion and increment; improve the water-holding power of soil in being manured into soil; reduce water consumption in the agricultural development; improve natural rainfall utilization ratio and soil water retention water retention capacity; it also can improve the fertility of soil simultaneously; so both promoted agricultural development, and turned waste into wealth again and protected environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of agent for soil expansion and increment and preparation method thereof, raw material adopts urban and rural buildings rubbish, life slag, coal gangue, sewage sludge, crop material, straw-stem active charcoal, straw charcoal and discarded domestic refuse etc., can clean produce the novel compatibilizer product of the favourable ecological agriculture, these products can be widely used in the ecological agriculture water-saving engineering, help making full use of natural rainfall, preserve moisture and fertility, increasing both production and income.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of agent for soil expansion and increment, it is characterized in that, this agent for soil expansion and increment that makes is made up of following raw material and weight percent thereof: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 35%～45%: diammonium phosphate 10%～20%: rape slag 15%～20%: urea 10%～15%: 1%～3%, high fat film: farm crop mixed straw 1%～2%: 10%～18%, the per-cent sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned agent for soil expansion and increment is characterized in that, it is main raw material that this method is selected the coal gangue through sieving and grading for use, and adds potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate, rape slag, stalk, urea, high fat film, specifically comprises the following steps:
At first with the coal gangue impurities removing, classification is ground to below the 1mm after crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieves, obtains the coal gangue powder;
With the auxiliary material potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate, the rape slag, the farm crop mixed straw is air-dry, and separated pulverizing also is ground to below the 1mm, and it is standby to cross 20 mesh sieves;
With coal gangue powder 35%～45%, potassium primary phosphate 10%～20%, diammonium phosphate 15%～20%, rape slag 10%～15%, urea 1%～3%, high fat film 1%～2%, crop mixed straw 10%～18% mix, stir, through granulating, packing promptly.
The comprehensive utilization ratio that the agent for soil expansion and increment that adopts the present invention to prepare can fully improve coal gangue turns waste into wealth.Simultaneously can improve efficiency of water application more than 10%, more can increasing both production and income.Prove that through experimental study the compatibilizer of the present invention's preparation is applied to crops such as cotton, the pedosphere water content of liftoff surperficial 20cm-30cm increases 2%, per hectare water saving 900m
3～1000m
3, can increase production more than 12%, the peasant saves 2250 yuan/hm of investment
2～3000 yuan/hm
2Produce 100 tons enterprise daily, year can produce 30000 surplus ton compatibilizer product, surplus the output value 3,000 ten thousand yuan, save natural rainwater 1,800 ten thousand m
3～3,000 ten thousand m
3Can arrange the 300-500 people of surplus rural labor force, ten thousand yuan of increasing peasant income 300-500, annual product can use 2,000,000 hectares of land areas, 7,500 ten thousand yuan of increasing both production and income.Therefore have good social benefit, environmental benefit and ecological benefits.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is base mateiral soaking effect figure;
Fig. 3 is a base mateiral water conservation design sketch;
Fig. 4 is the influence figure of compatibilizer to the seedling dry weight.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that accompanying drawing and contriver provide.
Embodiment
Agent for soil expansion and increment of the present invention is meant the improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability that can effectively improve soil aggregate, increase the soil active porosity, suppresses the soil surface invalid evaporation, effectively improves the matrix material of soil water retention water retention capacity.
Below be the embodiment that the contriver provides; need to prove that these embodiment are the more excellent example of the present invention; the present invention is not limited to these embodiment; those skilled in the art is according to scheme disclosed by the invention; the equivalence that technical characterictic is wherein done is replaced, added, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The agent for soil expansion and increment of present embodiment, form by following raw material and weight percent thereof: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 40%: diammonium phosphate 10%: rape slag 20%: urea 10%: 1%, high fat film: crop mixed straw 1%: 18%.
Make above-mentioned agent for soil expansion and increment method, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) material choice coal gangue waste resource is rejected wherein foreign material and is done his in addition and use.With raw material classifications such as coal gangues, pulverize then and be ground to below the 1mm (20 order) sieving for standby after grinding.
(2) again with the auxiliary material potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate, the rape slag, mixing crop materials etc. are air-dry, pulverize, and grind, and it is standby to cross 1 millimeter (20 order) sieve.
(3) with coal gangue powder 40%, potassium primary phosphate 10%, diammonium phosphate 20%, rape slag 10%, urea 1%, high fat film 1%, crop mixed straw 18% mix, and stir.
Nodulizer through routine is granulated (adopting green hill, Shandong city nodulizer), packing (25 kilograms/bag) can obtain agent for soil expansion and increment.
Embodiment 2:
The composition of present embodiment and embodiment 1 different is raw material is different, and its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Raw material and weight percent thereof consist of: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 35%: diammonium phosphate 15%: rape slag 15%: urea 15%: 2%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 1.5%: 16.5%.
Embodiment 3:
The composition of present embodiment and embodiment 1 different is raw material is different, and its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Raw material and weight percent thereof consist of: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 45%: diammonium phosphate 18%: rape slag 15%: urea 10%: 1%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 1%: 10%.
Embodiment 4:
The composition of present embodiment and embodiment 1 different is raw material is different, and its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Raw material and weight percent thereof consist of: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 40%: diammonium phosphate 16%: rape slag 15%: urea 15%: 1%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 2%: 11%.
Embodiment 5:
The composition of present embodiment and embodiment 1 different is raw material is different, and its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Raw material and weight percent thereof consist of: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 40%: diammonium phosphate 15%: rape slag 15%: urea 12%: 3%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 1%: 14%.
Embodiment 6:
The composition of present embodiment and embodiment 1 different is raw material is different, and its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Raw material and weight percent thereof consist of: the coal gangue powder: potassium primary phosphate 35%: diammonium phosphate 15%: rape slag 15%: urea 20%: 2%, and high fat film: crop mixed straw 1%: 12%.
High fat film in the foregoing description is to study success by professor Han Jinsheng of Beijing Agricultural University before 20 years, and using on crops such as fruit tree has certain effect.High fat film is a kind of oily matter, experimental results show that adding an amount of high fat film has certain promoter action to water-retaining effect.
Adopt agent for soil expansion and increment of the present invention, the per hectare consumption is 750kg-1500kg.Experiment shows that crops such as cotton can be increased production more than 12%, improves water use efficiency more than 10%, in the arid and semi-arid area, can make full use of natural rainfall, and preserve moisture and fertility is increase soil fertility, and helps ecological protection.
The present invention takes the indoor method that combines with field experiment, and the agent for soil expansion and increment of preparation is verified, experiment is taked base mateiral to pulverize, grind back dress nutrition pot, placed in the porcelain dish method of suction, dehydration voluntarily.Soil repeats four times for contrast, tests 2-3 time continuously, calculates its water-absorbent, rate of water absorption, water-retentivity and dehydration characteristic then.It is preferential that to select suction, water conservation, basic Chu material that dehydration effect is good be the compatibilizer main raw material, auxiliary material is selected inorganic organic fertilizer of favourable improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability and compound, further pulverize, grind, capable again nutrition pot suction voluntarily, water conservation, dehydration experiment after stirring, soil is contrast, repeat 4 times, test 2-3 time continuously, calculate water-absorbent, rate of water absorption, water-retentivity and dehydration characteristic then.Preferential suction, water conservation, the improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability agent prescription that dehydration effect is good selected, carry out the simulated experiment of soil different levels, carry out Different Crop aquatic foods in seedling stage, dry weight evaluation by material behavior and product cost, further test compatibilizer product innovation therefrom screens best prescription and amount of application to the influence of crops seedling stage aquatic foods, dry weight.In this basic Chu, the field experiment of going is again demonstrated.Through the multiple years experiment and demonstration, select the best prescription of effect, processing is produced, and check is promoted in the land for growing field crops.
Water conservation, dehydration EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE:
The selection of the base mateiral of compatibilizer is most important, and employed raw material of all compound agentes and auxiliary material all have functions such as suction, water conservation, dehydration.In view of the above, the contriver has designed suction, water conservation, the dehydration experiment of differing texture base mateiral, and experimental result sees Table 1, table 2, Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Table 1 base mateiral soaking effect table (g)
| Once | Secondary | Three times | Four times | Five times | |
| Soil (CK) | 52.13 | 58.38 | 61.33 | 62.49 | 64.92 |
| Straw charcoal | 103.93 | 132.65 | 134.96 | 136.95 | 155.59 |
| Coal gangue | 75.21 | 75.72 | 76.49 | 77.24 | 85.06 |
| Maize straw | 75.90 | 400.15 | 421.55 | 442.45 | 1011.75 |
| Wheat stalk | 94.41 | 543.15 | 601 | 652.25 | 1066.95 |
| Life slag | 97.08 | 124.53 | 126.7 | 128.28 | 133.75 |
| Building waste | 56.86 | 57.88 | 58.76 | 59.29 | 61.4 |
| The Semen Brassicae campestris slag | 72.56 | 93.65 | 95.14 | 95.61 | 182.03 |
Table 2 base mateiral dehydration effect table
| Soil (ck) | Charcoal | Coal gangue | Maize straw | Wheat stalk | Life slag | Building waste | The Semen Brassicae campestris slag | |
| Water content after six days | 11.098 | 68.098 | 23.426 | 526.215 | 565.363 | 27.403 | 13.39 | 108.444 |
By table 1, table 2, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be known: wheat and maize straw water-absorbent are the strongest, are more than 20 times of weight own; The coal gangue water-absorbent is higher than soil (contrast); After (50 ℃ of temperature, humidity 30%) dehydration in six days, therefore the water content comparison, has certain water-retentivity according to high 12.3 percentage points; And be the good carrier of diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate; Rape slag water-absorbent is apparently higher than soil (contrast).Therefore, above base mateiral is the quality matetrial of synthetic compatibilizer.
The experimental studies results of agent for soil expansion and increment
After utilizing the synthetic agent for soil expansion and increment of base mateiral,, crop (cotton etc.) aquatic foods in seedling stage, dry weight are had good promoter action, see table 3, Fig. 4 for details through experimental study.
Table 3 agent for soil expansion and increment different levels is to the influence (g/ strain) of cotton seedling dry weight
| |
Formulations reference 2 | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1-28CK | 9-12CK | 1-24CK | On average | On average | On average | On average | On average | On average | |
| The seedling dry weight | 0.039 | 0.046 | 0.064 | 0.064 | 0.048 | 0.062 | 0.069 | 0.063 | 0.068 |
By table 3, Fig. 4 as can be known, utilize coal gangue to produce agent for soil expansion and increment, show in the cotton in seedling stage experimental result, higher 2 percentage points than soil (contrast), the agent for soil expansion and increment that the present invention preparation the is described soil moisture conservation of not only economizing on water, and can increase soil fertility, promote cotton seedling growth, increase dry-matter accumulation, therefore, utilize waste resource production agent for soil expansion and increment such as coal gangue, be undoubtedly water-saving agriculture, an innovative technology of the ecological agriculture.
The technique effect that the present invention brings is:
(1) environmental benefit
Utilize gangue, crop stalk, rape slag and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, after mixing, produce the auxiliary materials such as Diammonium phosphate (DAP) agent for soil expansion and increment, greatly reduce the chance of growing of mosquitos and flies etc., reduce the pathogen time-to-live, cut off pathogen and propagated into human approach, avoided the potential threat of city sewage and sludge secondary pollution and municipal refuse. MSW is back to use in the nature; in the protection urban environment; solved again cause on the agricultural partially execute inorganic fertilizer, make the problems such as soil nutrient is out of proportion, soil degradation, be conducive to the sustainable development of agroecological environment benign cycle and agricultural economy.
(2) social benefit
The waste resources such as gangue, crop stalk, rape slag are fully fully utilized, produce the agricultural soil compatibilizer, for agricultural sector provides high-quality, inexpensive, efficient ecological fertilizer, also make the crop increasing both production and income, turn waste into wealth simultaneously, both develop environmental protection industry, also increased new job opportunity for city, rural area simultaneously.
(3) economic benefit
If carry out business accounting by the production capacity of producing 3000 ten thousand tons per year, the agent for soil expansion and increment cost price of producing according to the method for this research is 800～850 yuan/tons, and commercially available efficient NPK market price is generally 1100～1200 yuan/tons, can increase by 30,000,000 yuan of output values every year. Therefore agent for soil expansion and increment of the present invention has preferably economic benefit, and market application foreground is extensive.
Claims (2)
1. the agent for soil expansion and increment of coal gangue preparation, it is characterized in that, this agent for soil expansion and increment that makes is made up of following raw material and weight percent thereof: coal gangue: potassium primary phosphate 35%～45%: diammonium phosphate 10%～20%: rape slag 15%～20%: urea 10%～15%: 1%～3%, high fat film: 1%～2%, the crop mixed straw: 10%～18%, the per-cent sum of above-mentioned raw materials is 100%.
2. the preparation method of the agent for soil expansion and increment of the described coal gangue preparation of claim 1 is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
At first coal gangue is rejected metal, wood chip, plastics foreign material, classification is ground to below the 1mm after crushed, crosses 20 mesh sieves, obtains the coal gangue powder;
With the auxiliary material potassium primary phosphate, diammonium phosphate, the rape slag, the crop mixed straw is air-dry, and separated pulverizing also is ground to below the 1mm, and it is standby to cross 20 mesh sieves;
Coal gangue powder 35%～45%, potassium primary phosphate 10%～20%, diammonium phosphate 15%～20%, rape slag 10%～15%, urea 1%～3%, high fat film 1%～2%, crop mixed straw 10%～18% are mixed, stir, through granulating, packing promptly.
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101580435B (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2012-05-23 | 西北农林科技大学 | Special soil storage-enlarging capacity-enhancing fertilizer for fruit trees, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102936503B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-05-13 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Soil ventilation improving synergist containing iron tailings and preparation method thereof |
| CN103319213B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-10-22 | 西北大学 | Method for preparing complex fertilizer by using coal gangue |
| CN104876765B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-06-12 | 丽水学院 | A kind of soil microbial community modifying agent and preparation method and application |
| CN106068741B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method for storing afforestation |
| CN107593018A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-19 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method and conditioned soil by Abandoned Land of Mine reparation into nursery land used |
| CN108383661A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109913232A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-21 | 珠海三豫环保新材料科技有限公司 | A method of bastard coal ground mass biological nano heavy metal soil-repairing agent is prepared using gangue |
| CN111117629A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-05-08 | 山西大学 | Coal gangue porous soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN113786920B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-09-30 | 彭阳县鑫卓能源科技发展有限公司 | Coal gangue brick making raw material treatment process |
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2007
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| CN101045659A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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