CN100566550C - Method for culturing lucid ganoderma - Google Patents
Method for culturing lucid ganoderma Download PDFInfo
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- CN100566550C CN100566550C CNB2004100480202A CN200410048020A CN100566550C CN 100566550 C CN100566550 C CN 100566550C CN B2004100480202 A CNB2004100480202 A CN B2004100480202A CN 200410048020 A CN200410048020 A CN 200410048020A CN 100566550 C CN100566550 C CN 100566550C
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
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Abstract
The technical field is as follows: the present invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, in particular, it relates to the field of culture and processing technology of edible and medicinal fungi. The purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a culture medium composition method with economy, practicability, low cost and good effect; the culture medium taking wheat as a main component can be suitable for the growth of lucid ganoderma and can also be used for a cultivation technology of industrial production and management; thus, fresh primordia or fruit body, dried primordia or fruit body, and 100% edible ganoderma lucidum mycelia (mushroom bran, mushroom dregs) are obtained. The invention is characterized in that: collecting semi-circular, elliptical, dendritic or spherical fresh primordium, and freeze drying to obtain Ganoderma product with water content of 6-11%. The invention has strong practicability and wide applicable range, and can be planted in a plurality of agricultural areas, mountain areas and pastoral areas. Especially the residual culture medium (mushroom bran and mushroom dregs) of the ganoderma lucidum can be directly used as the raw material of human food; no waste is produced. Fundamentally solves the contradiction between ganoderma production and forestry ecological balance, and also provides a new way for sustainable development of ganoderma industry.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to and relate to agricultural technology field, the cultivation and the machining technology of particularly edible, medicinal fungi.
Background technology:
Edible medicinal fungi and human health have substantial connection, for example: tens kinds of fungies such as glossy ganoderma, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, mushroom and Cordyceps militaris.Retrieve in June, 2004, the document presentation of results that recent two decades comes; Patent Office of the People's Republic of China receives that the patent application about glossy ganoderma just has 889 more than.Through fluctuation formula development for many years, glossy ganoderma is developed into the situation of selling inside and outside the multiple converted products from unidirectional outlet.From the sixties in 20th century so far, the glossy ganoderma artificial cultivation method mainly is to be raw material with the broad-leaved tree.At present, the log glossy ganoderma of using on the market, will consume the timber of ten thousand stere more than 10 every year.Produce glossy ganoderma and destroy the forest resources easily,, the property of medicine on the low side with pure cotton seed hull plantation output descends.Learn in " 2002 international glossy ganoderma symposium " that " research of grass planted ganoderma and peptidoglycan thereof " achievement has been passed through the expert appraisal of Fujian Province education department tissue.The research of this project is international initiative, has the leading level in the world in research and application.Grass planted ganoderma has similar function with segment wood cultivated glossy ganoderma, and has the feasibility of substituted segment Ganoderma Lucidum aspect drug effect.China is the main product state of world glossy ganoderma, and the output of calendar year 2001 is 2.1 ten thousand tons." the bacterium woods contradiction " that causes between glossy ganoderma production development and resource scarcity, the environmental protection is severe day by day.Though grass planted ganoderma has many advantages; But it is big that grass is planted the raw material volume, and the cost of transportation height also can produce a large amount of bacterium chaff (bacterium slag).Because cellulose, content of lignin in the bacterium chaff (bacterium slag) are big, deal with inconvenience; More can not directly become human food's raw material.Wheat contains abundant nutrition, and many celluloses are also arranged, and can become the main component of cultivating glossy ganoderma.The present invention studies on this basis, and proposing with the wheat is the medium combined method of main component, carries out the industrialization production of glossy ganoderma.
For economical price and cost, be the problem that to consider: cotton seed hull 0.35-0.40 per jin unit; Grass planted ganoderma is a raw material with herbaceous plant such as awns beanstalk, class reed, napier grasses mainly, though price is cheap, needs harvesting, chopping, infusion, adds freight, and probably the cost that needs is a 0.28-0.32 per jin unit; The domestic price of wheat is a 0.70-0.75 per jin unit, and the price of international market has only 0.40-0.45 unit.With the wheat is the medium of primary raw material preparation, and the bacterium chaff (bacterium slag) in that the fruit body of gathering forms later on has 100% edibility, can become human food's raw material, or the high-grade feed of animal; Effective component extracting is also very convenient; Owing to do not have refuse to produce, greatly reduce production cost.In fact than broad-leaved tree, cotton seed hull and grass plant the cost of raw material more cheap, more can carry out automated production, more DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT arranged.
Through document relatively: CN1247019 introduces the manufacture method of kernel culture, only uses complete wheat, and inspection removes broken grain, also need replace immersion in limewash and clear water; Cultivated 25-30 days, and do not form original hase or fruit body.CN1075594 relates to the manufacture method of bacterial classification, is not medium and culture technique.CN1206043 and CN1317564 utilize rice, millet, Chinese sorghum to be medium, make mycelial growth and are enclosed in around the cereal, produce edible mushroom rice song; Cultivated 30-35 days, and also do not form original hase or fruit body, just carry out the production of rice vinegar or wine.CN1162639, CN1297773, CN1233389 are different with technical purpose of the present invention, concrete grammar and meaning.CN1444990 and CN1448409 do not relate to the composition of medium.CN1099217 produced mycelial technological invention in 96 hours, and CN1484981 is the glossy ganoderma converted products.Through checking document, do not have to form and cultural method with the overlapping medium of the present invention.So, following new invention technology and method proposed.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention: a kind of economical and practical, medium composing method that cost is low, effective is provided; With the wheat is the medium of main component, can be fit to the glossy ganoderma growth, the culture technique that also can carry out industrial production and management; Thereby, obtain fresh original hase or fruit body, dry original hase or fruit body, and the ganoderma lucidum mycelium of 100% edibility (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag).Practical, applicable scope of the present invention is wide, and a lot of agricultural districts, mountain area, pastoral area all can be planted.The residual media of glossy ganoderma (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) particularly can directly become human food's raw material; There is not refuse to produce.Fundamentally solve in the glossy ganoderma production and the contradiction between the forestry ecological balance, also the sustainable development for the glossy ganoderma industry provides new way.
Below narration method and step:
1, the cultural method of a kind of glossy ganoderma, feature of the present invention is: a kind of is the medium of main component with the wheat, is conditioning agent with food calcium, is additive with the extract of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, behind conventional method production, inoculation lucidum strain, according to known management and cultivation technology; Obtain fresh original hase or fruit body (dry original hase or fruit body), and the ganoderma lucidum mycelium (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) that 100% edibility is arranged; This method also can be carried out the automatic industrial production management.
2, a kind of is the medium of main component with the wheat, and wheat broken or extruding occupies ratio at 90-99%, wheat bran 0-5%.Wheat must be through use after broken or the extruding, and key is to make mycelia can fully digest the nutrient component of wheat and the cellulose on surface, keeps the normal growth of ganoderma lucidum mycelium.According to protein what, with reference to the cultural method of edible mushroom, can add 0-1.0% nitrogenous fertilizer (ammonium citrate and other nitrogen substances); Add about 0.1% sylvite, about 0.05% magnesium sulfate.
3, be conditioning agent with food calcium in medium, for example: calcium carbonate, calcium lactate, calcium sulphate, calcium citrate are conditioning agent, and concentration is 0-2%; Do not use the method for lime bubble.Calcium can be regulated the Acidity of Aikalinity of medium and increase the calcium concentration of product.
4, being additive with the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, camphor tree, root of Dahurain angelica extract, is that the pharmacological action that makes full use of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, the root of Dahurain angelica and camphor tree extract is cultivated; The concentration ratio that they add medium is 0-5%, can add separately or after mixing; Concrete steps be utilize to pulverize the later Radix Astragali, the root of Dahurain angelica, Radix Codonopsis and camphor tree (comprise branch, root, directly, leaf), become to contain the liquid of crude drug 10-30% through high temperature or high pressure extraction, add just passable according to the ratio of 0-5%.Because all will add the moisture of 100-150% in the medium; Therefore, be added in the medium convenient and health with the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, camphor tree extract.
5, above-mentioned is the medium of main component with wheat broken or extruding, carries out filling according to conventional method in organic plastics (bag, case, bottle, rod, box) container or glass container.After 8-10 hour, cool to room temperature is inoculated glossy ganoderma solid (or liquid) bacterial classification through high temperature, high pressure 2 hours or normal temperature sterilization, carries out known culture technique management.Thereby, obtaining the fruit body of fresh fruit body, drying and can collect Reishi sporule, this is well-known general knowledge.The cultural method of the present invention place different with the past shows collects semicircle, ellipse, dendriform or spherical fresh original hase; And collect semicircle, ellipse, dendriform or spherical fresh fruit body part, also there is not lignification to collect in the past at them; Carry out freeze drying according to the method for handling mushroom, vegetables, fruit on the market and handle, become new glossy ganoderma commodity.Feature of the present invention is: collect semicircle, ellipse, dendriform or spherical fresh original hase, carry out freeze drying and handle, water content is reached at 6-11%, become new glossy ganoderma class commodity.
6, collect after fresh glossy ganoderma original hase or the fruit body (dry original hase or fruit body), medium partly is the ganoderma lucidum mycelium (being bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) with 100% edibility; This and the diverse place of method in the past; Bacterium chaff and bacterium slag can become the raw material of raw-food material, effective component extracting, have reduced production cost, have opened up new purposes.
7, this method also can to plant raw material the same with broad-leaved tree end, cotton seed hull and grass, can carry out filling to plastic bag container with machine, up to carrying out whole automated productions cultivations and management.
8, Ganodermataceae kind involved in the present invention is the kind Ganodermataceae bacterial classification of the preservation of bacterial classification center (before the patent application day) of new method cultivation with the Ganodermataceae bacterial classification of national bacterial classification center preservation; Mainly contain: white side Ganoderma, G.anstrale Fr Pat, G.austrofujianense Zhao, Xu et Zhang, Guizhou Ganoderma, G.lobatum (Schw.) Atk, Ganoderma resinaceum Boud, Ganoderma sanmingense Zhao et Zhan, purple sesame, Ganoderma tropicum, Ganoderma tsugae, Black Ganoderma, ganoderma capense, Ganoderma Multiplicatum, Ganoderma resinaceum Boud, Ganoderma, Ganoderma crebrostriatum Zhao et Xu, Ganoderma fornicatum (Fr.) Pat, Macropore Ganoderma, Ganoderma mediosinense J. D. Zhao, Ganoderma, Ganoderma, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.)Pat, Close grain Ganoderma applanatum (Pers. Ex Wallr) Pat, glossy ganoderma Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma tsugae, Hainan Ganoderma, Ganoderma Sinense, South Korean Ganoderma.
Use new method that following advantage is arranged: (1), be a kind of economical and practical, cultural method that cost is low, effective; (2), be main component with the wheat, be conditioning agent with food calcium, be additive with the extract of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, have novelty and practicality; (3), the applicable scope of the present invention is wide, a lot of agricultural districts, mountain area, pastoral area all can be planted.(4), the residual media of glossy ganoderma (bacterium chaff, bacterium slag) particularly, can directly become human food's raw material; There is not refuse to produce.(5), fundamentally solve in the glossy ganoderma production and the contradiction between the forestry ecological balance, also the sustainable development for the glossy ganoderma industry provides new way; (6), glossy ganoderma semicircle, ellipse, dendriform or spherical fresh original hase, and fresh fruit body part; Also do not have lignification to collect in the past at them, carry out freeze drying and handle, keep active component, edibility significantly increases; Thereby, become new glossy ganoderma commodity.
Describe below by example:
Embodiment 1: use 96 kilograms of wheats, after broken or extruding, add 4 kilograms of wheat brans; Add 0.3 kilogram of ammonium citrate again, 0.1 kilogram of sylvite, 0.05 kilogram of magnesium sulfate is after 0.5 kilogram of calcium carbonate mixes; Carry out filling in plastic bottle container and glass containers, each container adds 0.4 kilogram of dried medium component.20 kilograms and 118 kilograms moisture of Radix Astragali extractive solution with 10% mix, and add 0.55 kilogram of moisture in each container, seal.After 8-10 hour, cool to room temperature is inoculated glossy ganoderma solid (or liquid) bacterial classification according to conventional method high temperature, high pressure 2 hours or normal temperature sterilization, carries out known culture technique management.Thereby, obtaining the fruit body of fresh fruit body, drying and can collect Reishi sporule, this is well-known general knowledge.The cultural method of the present invention place different with the past shows collects semicircle, ellipse, dendriform or spherical fresh original hase; Carry out freeze drying and handled 24 hours, become new glossy ganoderma commodity.Make water content reach 10%, become new glossy ganoderma class commodity, gross weight is 8.5 kilograms.
Collect after fresh glossy ganoderma original hase or the fruit body (dry original hase or fruit body), medium partly is that ganoderma lucidum mycelium (being bacterium chaff, the bacterium slag) gross weight with 100% edibility is 85.5 kilograms
Embodiment 2: use 97 kilograms of wheats, after broken or extruding, add 3 kilograms of wheat brans; Add 0.4 kilogram of ammonium citrate again, 0.1 kilogram of sylvite, 0.05 kilogram of magnesium sulfate, after 0.5 kilogram of calcium carbonate mixed, 20 kilograms and the 80 kilograms moisture of extract that add 10% Radix Codonopsis again mixed, and boiling becomes the rice state in the container of cauldron or stainless cylinder of steel.Then, use artificial and machine filling respectively, about each 1 kilogram, seal.After 8-10 hour, cool to room temperature is inoculated glossy ganoderma solid (or liquid) bacterial classification according to conventional method high temperature, high pressure 2 hours or normal temperature sterilization, carries out known culture technique management.Thereby, obtain 12 kilograms of dry fruit bodys, collect 0.1 kilogram of Reishi sporule.
Collect after the dry fruit body, medium partly is that ganoderma lucidum mycelium (being bacterium chaff, the bacterium slag) gross weight with 100% edibility is 81.5 kilograms
Embodiment 3: use 195 kilograms of wheats, after broken or extruding, add 2 kilograms of wheat brans; Add 0.6 kilogram of ammonium citrate again, 0.2 kilogram sylvite, 0.1 kilogram of magnesium sulfate is after 1 kilogram of calcium carbonate mixes, add each 10 kilograms of 10% the Radix Astragali and 10% Radix Codonopsis extracts and 180 kilograms of moisture mixing again, boiling becomes the rice state in the container of cauldron or stainless cylinder of steel.Then, with machine automation filling, about 1 kilogram of each plastic sack seals.After 8-10 hour, cool to room temperature is inoculated the glossy ganoderma solid spawn according to the normal temperature sterilization, carries out known culture technique management.Thereby, obtain 21 kilograms of dry fruit bodys.
Collect after the dry fruit body, medium partly is that ganoderma lucidum mycelium (being bacterium chaff, the bacterium slag) gross weight with 100% edibility is 166 kilograms.
Claims (3)
1, the cultural method of a kind of glossy ganoderma, it is characterized in that: the wheat with fragmentation is that main component is made medium, broken wheat occupies ratio at 90-99%, wheat bran 0-5%, in medium, be conditioning agent with food calcium, concentration is 0-2%, with the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis extract is additive, high temperature, high pressure 2 hours or normal temperature sterilization are after 8-10 hour, cool to room temperature is inoculated lucidum strain then, manages through culture technique, obtain new fresh sporophore, dry fruit body and 100% edibility ganoderma lucidum mycelium; Wherein the preparation process of the extract of the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis is: utilize and pulverize the later Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, process high temperature or high pressure extraction become to contain the liquid of crude drug 10-30%, and the concentration of adding is 0-5%.
2, the cultural method of a kind of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the food calcium that is added in medium is calcium carbonate, calcium lactate, calcium sulphate, calcium citrate.
3, the cultural method of a kind of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the lucidum strain of being inoculated is the Ganodermataceae bacterial classification of national bacterial classification center preservation before this patent application day: white side Ganoderma, G.anstrale Fr Pat, G.austrofujianense Zhao, Xu et Zhang, Guizhou Ganoderma, G.lobatum (Schw.) Atk, Ganoderma resinaceum Boud, Ganoderma sanmingense Zhao et Zhan, purple sesame, Ganoderma tropicum, Ganoderma tsugae, Black Ganoderma, ganoderma capense, Ganoderma Multiplicatum, Ganoderma resinaceum Boud, Ganoderma, Ganoderma crebrostriatum Zhao et Xu, Ganoderma fornicatum (Fr.) Pat, Macropore Ganoderma, Ganoderma mediosinense J. D. Zhao, Ganoderma, Ganoderma, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.)Pat, Close grain Ganoderma applanatum (Pers. Ex Wallr) Pat, glossy ganoderma Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma tsugae, Hainan Ganoderma, Ganoderma Sinense, South Korean Ganoderma.
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CN100998613B (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2010-12-08 | 蒋濡蔚 | Method for producing effective component of glossy ganoderma by using supercritical technology |
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CN101904875B (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2012-10-24 | 生展生物科技股份有限公司 | Ganoderma tsugae active substance, preparation method thereof and composition thereof |
CN102187782A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-21 | 德阳市食用菌专家大院 | Method for culturing lucid ganoderma by using culture medium containing non-medicinal parts of Chinese medicinal materials |
CN101971763A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-02-16 | 陈顺志 | Industrial energy-saving and low-carbon method for cultivating lucid ganoderma |
CN102210233B (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-04-16 | 上海雪榕生物科技股份有限公司 | Production method of calcium-enriched edible fungi and formula of culture medium |
CN102293123B (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-12-04 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Culture method for ganoderma applanatum |
CN102823426B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-02-26 | 宁明县红枫中药材种植专业合作社 | Simulated wild ganoderma atrum tree section culturing technology |
CN102960711B (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-10-30 | 李洁 | Natural nourishment and preparation method thereof |
CN103314771B (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-07-30 | 广东省微生物研究所 | New strain of ganoderma tsugae Murr. and cultivation method of strain |
CN103460999B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-09-10 | 湖南省致远农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating ornamental lucid ganoderma by using waste fungus for producing pleurotus eryngii in industrialized manner |
CN103911294B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | One seed ginseng stilbene sesame medicinal fungal substance liquid fermentation method |
CN104082033B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2017-01-18 | 原一(厦门)食用菌科技有限公司 | Ganoderma lucidum planting method |
CN104488551A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-08 | 芝圣(天津)生物科技有限公司 | Ganoderma tsugae strain cultivation method |
CN104584859A (en) * | 2015-01-01 | 2015-05-06 | 曾建斌 | Production method for soft edible lucid ganoderma |
CN104798599A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for planting ganoderma tsugae by imitating wild growth in forest land |
CN105706732A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 泰安市农业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating ganoderma applanatum |
CN105706733A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-29 | 泰安市农业科学研究院 | Trametes robiniophila murr substitute cultivation method |
CN111788988B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-12-14 | 石狮昌隆农业种植有限公司 | Method and device for efficiently and artificially cultivating lucid ganoderma |
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CN1233389A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-03 | 山东省滨州卫生学校 | Method for cultivating selenium-rich glossy ganoderma |
CN1282789A (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2001-02-07 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma on mulberry branch |
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