CN100528815C - Plant nutrient solution and application in plant cultivation - Google Patents
Plant nutrient solution and application in plant cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100528815C CN100528815C CNB2007100492025A CN200710049202A CN100528815C CN 100528815 C CN100528815 C CN 100528815C CN B2007100492025 A CNB2007100492025 A CN B2007100492025A CN 200710049202 A CN200710049202 A CN 200710049202A CN 100528815 C CN100528815 C CN 100528815C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant nutrition liquid, which is characterized by the following: comprising potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and so on a good deal of element; comprising edetate disodium, ferrosi sulfas, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and so on microelement; comprising azophoska fertilizer and fertilizer booster; including diverse nutritious element of vegetation development; providing nourishing element for large and medium scale bush and small arbor. This invention also discloses a utility scheme in large and medium scale woody plant soilless culture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, particularly a plant nutrient liquor and the application in plant growing thereof.
Background technology
Nutritive medium can provide multiple nutritional components to plant-growth; Especially for soilless cultivation plant, nutritive medium especially its grow the main source of indispensable nutritive element.
Soilless culture is meant and utilizes inorganic nutrient solution to replace soil that the planting type of the necessary nutritive element that grows is provided to plant.Point out that the area of 1985 national soilless cultures has only 7h m in the Sun Xiazai of Shandong Technology Univ " Status of development of cultivation technique without soil and the trend " literary composition
2(hectare), nineteen ninety-five is developed into 50hm
2, be about 315h m during by 2005
2, wherein major part all is applied to vegetables production, and having only seldom, a part is applied to the production of flowers and plants.Developed countries such as Japan, the U.S. and Holland have been applied to soilless culture the suitability for industrialized production of vegetables such as lettuce, cucumber, tomato.Worldwide, soilless culture is quite ripe in the utilisation technology means in vegetables, flowers field; But it all is experimental stage that soilless culture is applied to big-and-middle-sized woody (as shrub and dungarunga etc.) plant, directly goes to native back to transplant from the field and makes the technology of its survival for a long time also immature the engagement alms bowl, also has a quite long segment distance from scale operation.
In addition, along with the development of people's aesthetic requirement, at present flowers and trees market is also increasing to the demand of plant such as big-and-middle-sized shrub and dungarunga (as bonsai production etc.); And since go from the field being badly damaged of soil back root system and for a long time the flowerpot of certain space restriction growth cause root growth bad, various bonsais leave the remote transportation of soil and are difficult to survival, influence its strange land transaction and import and export etc.Along with each department and countries in the world pay attention to day by day, do not have the long distance transportation of native strange land, transplant the new direction that survival and Plant diseases strange land propagation problem have become modern biotechnology research after transporting to the point of destination solving plant on the basis of existing method Biosafety.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new plant nutrition liquid formula, this nutritive medium not only can be used for for the soilless culture of common plant and has the soil cultivation that nutritive element is provided, necessary nutritive element more can be provided for the soilless culture of plants such as big-and-middle-sized shrub and dungarunga, thereby solve big-and-middle-sized xylophyta soilless culture and leave soil and transport technical problems such as difficult survival at a distance.
Another object of the present invention provides the application scheme of a kind of above-mentioned plant nutrition liquid in the especially big-and-middle-sized xylophyta soilless culture of plant growing.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
One plant nutrient liquor mainly comprises macroelement class, microelement kind and contains the fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus potassium and component such as fertilizer synergist, wherein:
The macroelement class comprises: saltpetre, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, potassium primary phosphate etc.;
Microelement kind comprises: b diammonium disodium edta, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate etc.;
And the weight that contains above-mentioned each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 0.5-10g, nitrocalcite 1-10g, sal epsom 1-10g, ammonium phosphate 0.5-10g, vitriolate of tartar 0.5-8g, potassium primary phosphate 0.5-5g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 50-200mg, ferrous sulfate 50-100mg, boric acid 50-250mg, manganous sulfate 5-50mg, zinc sulfate 1-20mg, copper sulfate 1-10mg, ammonium molybdate 1-10mg,
The fertilizer 5-30mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 10-30ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is 5.5-8.5 (adjustings such as available alkali lye commonly used such as sodium hydroxide etc. or acid solution example hydrochloric acid).
The weight that contains each component in above-mentioned every 5000ml plant nutrition liquid of the present invention is preferably respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 1-5g, nitrocalcite 5-7g, sal epsom 3-6g, ammonium phosphate 1-5g, vitriolate of tartar 1-4g, potassium primary phosphate 1-3g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 100-150mg, ferrous sulfate 75-80mg, boric acid 100-200mg, manganous sulfate 20-30mg, zinc sulfate 5-10mg, copper sulfate 1-5mg, ammonium molybdate 1-5mg,
The fertilizer 10-20mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 15-20ml,
Surplus is a water.
The fertilizer that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium in the said components is preferably neutral nitrogen phosphorus potassium huge legendary turtle Hefei material, as brave strong (bravely strong 550, bravely strong 472, bravely strong 226 etc., be the efficient nitrogen phosphorus of neutral potassium huge legendary turtle Hefei material; Wherein, bravely strong 550 be N-P-K=15-15-10, strong 472 be N-P-K=14-17-12 bravely, bravely to strengthen 226 be N-P-K=12-12-16).
Fertilizer synergist in the said components is preferably likes Rong Te root element (HYDROMAX) alive, it is to utilize the natural mineral raw of the U.S. to concentrate the Natural fertilizers synergistic agent that forms through refining, except that containing the plain IRT of natural root alive, also contain necessary for plant growth nutritive ingredients such as iron, molybdenum, sulphur, manganese, zinc, calcium, cobalt, magnesium, copper in the product; Its principal feature is to promote root system development.
Plant nutrition liquid of the present invention can be prepared by the method that comprises the steps:
(1) macroelement class dissolving: will fully dissolve with hot water after every kind of nutritive ingredient weighing respectively, and mix successively by said sequence;
Microelement kind dissolving: will fully dissolve with hot water after every kind of nutritive ingredient weighing respectively, and mix successively by said sequence;
(2) will add fertilizer containing nitrogen and fertilizer synergist behind the macroelement class solution that prepare, the abundant mixing of microelement kind solution, and add that a certain amount of water fully dissolves and mixing;
(3) add water and be settled to 5000ml, get final product.
Plant nutrition liquid of the present invention contains the necessary multiple nutritional components of growth and development of plants, can be widely used in the soilless culture of each kind of plant and has in the soil cultivation, for it provides nutritive element.Be specially adapted in the soilless culture of the especially big-and-middle-sized xylophyta of soilless culture of plant.
When plant nutrition liquid of the present invention is applied in the soilless culture of the especially big-and-middle-sized xylophyta of soilless culture of plant, can use according to the method that comprises the steps:
(1), clean root earth: after taking plant, its root earth is cleaned in the water flushing;
(2), disease and pest is handled: the plant root is carried out corresponding disease and pest (restraining worm etc. as Powdery Mildew, acarid, Jie) handle; Can carry out the treatment process of disease and pest with reference to having in soil cultivation or the general soilless culture of plant;
(3), taking root liquid soaks: soak the plant root with taking root liquid; Taking root liquid can adopt naphthylacetic acid (NAA) solution, indolebutyric acid (IBA) solution, indolylacetic acid (IAA) solution of proper concn etc.; Get final product with reference to the taking root liquid immersion treatment method in the general soilless culture method;
(4), substrate culture: with reference to the substrate formula in the general tank farming, can adopt soilless cultures such as peat, vermiculite, perlite, gravel, haydite substrate material commonly used, the matrix of forming heterogeneity, different proportionings replaces soil, with plantlet of transplant in the basin that this matrix is housed;
(5), regularly water nutritive medium: according to different varieties and the size of plant, regularly or irregularly water plant nutrition liquid of the present invention, to guarantee the survival of plant;
Other management gets final product with general soilless culture method.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Plant nutrition liquid of the present invention is rich in the necessary multiple nutritional components of growth and development of plants, not only can be used for for the soilless culture of common plant and have the soil cultivation that nutritive element is provided, necessary nutritive element more can be provided for the soilless culture of plants such as big-and-middle-sized shrub and dungarunga, and the soilless culture survival rate that makes big-and-middle-sized xylophyta is up to more than 90%; Thereby cultivation technique without soil is widened to the application in big-and-middle-sized xylophyta fields such as shrub, dungarunga, make its plant under no native condition, in limited space, can survive for a long time, and do not influence the life cycle of whole plant, solved big-and-middle-sized xylophyta soilless culture and leave soil and transport technical problems such as difficult survival at a distance.This does not provide powerful technical support for potted landscape class shrub and dungarunga plant being had remote transportation of soil or even foreign exchange earning, makes existing plant resources can create bigger economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits in more wide scope.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema that plant nutrition liquid of the present invention is used for plant soil-less culturing.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is for being used for plant nutrition liquid of the present invention the soilless culture of iron angle Malus spectabilis (rosaceae chaenomeles plant):
Its operating process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is as follows:
In mid-June, 2006, the inventor is 1.5m with plant height, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is after the 20 strain iron angle Malus spectabilis of 3～5cm are dug out from field band soil, clean root earth with a large amount of clear water, handle (Powdery Mildew, acarid, Jie restrain worm etc.) through corresponding disease and pest, soak root with the 100ppm naphthalene acid solution and be transplanted to after 10 hours with in vermiculite and the flowerpot of perlite (2: 1) as matrix; Water plant nutrition liquid of the present invention, irrigate for the first time, per week waters the plant nutrition liquid of the present invention of a 2000～3000ml to guarantee the growth needs of plant thereafter.
Result to 2006 during year end of the year whole plant all have vitality, and have 15 strains to bloom survival rate 100% in February, 2007.
It is as follows that present embodiment is used to water the plant nutrition liquid formula of iron angle Malus spectabilis:
The weight that contains each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 3g, nitrocalcite 6g, sal epsom 5g, ammonium phosphate 4g, vitriolate of tartar 2g, potassium primary phosphate 2g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 120mg, ferrous sulfate 80mg, boric acid 150mg, manganous sulfate 25mg, zinc sulfate 8mg, copper sulfate 4mg, ammonium molybdate 4mg,
The fertilizer 15mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 18ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is about 7.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is for being used for plant nutrition liquid of the present invention the soilless culture of golden pellet shot from a slingshot (Ebenaceae calamander):
Its operating process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is as follows:
In March, 2006, the inventor is 0.5m with plant height, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is after the 20 strains gold pellet shot from a slingshot of 5～7cm digs out from field band soil, clean root earth with a large amount of clear water, handle (adopting pesticide treatments such as ten thousand spirits, Ji Shineng, golden bell jar) through corresponding disease and pest, soaked root 10 hours with the 100ppm naphthalene acid solution then, be transplanted to again with in vermiculite and the flowerpot of perlite (2: 1) as matrix; Water plant nutrition liquid of the present invention, irrigate for the first time, per week waters plant nutrition liquid 3000～4000ml of the present invention one time thereafter, become two weeks after one month and water plant nutrition liquid 2000～3000ml of the present invention one time, during if matrix phenomenon of losing water occurs and then waters.Find that during this time damaged by vermin takes place, and has carried out corresponding processing.
Result: the survival of 19 strains gold pellet shot from a slingshot is arranged so far, survival rate 95.5%.
It is as follows that present embodiment is used to water the plant nutrition liquid formula of golden pellet shot from a slingshot:
The weight that contains each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 5g, nitrocalcite 5g, sal epsom 6g, ammonium phosphate 1g, vitriolate of tartar 1g, potassium primary phosphate 3g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 100mg, ferrous sulfate 75mg, boric acid 100mg, manganous sulfate 30mg, zinc sulfate 10mg, copper sulfate 1mg, ammonium molybdate 5mg,
The fertilizer 20mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 15ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is about 6.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is for being used for plant nutrition liquid of the present invention the soilless culture of red plum (Rosaceae cherry):
Its operating process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is with the soilless culture method of golden pellet shot from a slingshot among the embodiment 2.
Cultivate red plum 20 strains altogether, plant height 1.5m before transplanting, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 5-7cm.
Result: the red plum survival of 18 strains is arranged so far, survival rate 90%.
It is as follows that present embodiment is used to water the plant nutrition liquid formula of red plum:
The weight that contains each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 10g, nitrocalcite 1g, sal epsom 1g, ammonium phosphate 5g, vitriolate of tartar 4g, potassium primary phosphate 0.5g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 150mg, ferrous sulfate 50mg, boric acid 250mg, manganous sulfate 5mg, zinc sulfate 5mg, copper sulfate 10mg, ammonium molybdate 10mg,
The fertilizer 10mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 10ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is about 6.5.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment is for being used for plant nutrition liquid of the present invention the soilless culture of crape myrtle (Lythraceae Lagerstroemia plant):
Its operating process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is with the soilless culture method of golden pellet shot from a slingshot among the embodiment 2.
Cultivate crape myrtle 20 strains altogether, plant height 1.5-1.8m before transplanting, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 4-5cm.
Result: the survival of 18 strain crape myrtles is arranged so far, survival rate 90%.
It is as follows that present embodiment is used to water the plant nutrition liquid formula of crape myrtle:
The weight that contains each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 0.5g, nitrocalcite 7g, sal epsom 3g, ammonium phosphate 10g, vitriolate of tartar 0.5g, potassium primary phosphate 5g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 50mg, ferrous sulfate 100mg, boric acid 200mg, manganous sulfate 20mg, zinc sulfate 1mg, copper sulfate 5mg, ammonium molybdate 1mg,
The fertilizer 30mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 20ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is about 7.5.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment is for being used for plant nutrition liquid of the present invention the soilless culture of Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpaceae podocarp):
Its operating process as shown in Figure 1, concrete grammar is with the soilless culture method of golden pellet shot from a slingshot among the embodiment 2.
Cultivate Podocarpus macrophyllus 20 strains altogether, plant height 1.5-2.0m before transplanting, diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 5-8cm.
The result: 20 strain Podocarpus macrophylluss all survive so far, survival rate 100%.
It is as follows that present embodiment is used to water the plant nutrition liquid formula of Podocarpus macrophyllus:
The weight that contains each component in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 1g, nitrocalcite 10g, sal epsom 10g, ammonium phosphate 0.5g, vitriolate of tartar 8g, potassium primary phosphate 1g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 200mg, ferrous sulfate 60mg, boric acid 50mg, manganous sulfate 50mg, zinc sulfate 20mg, copper sulfate 8mg, ammonium molybdate 7mg,
The fertilizer 5mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 30ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is about 8.
Claims (6)
1. a plant nutrient liquor, contain the component of following weight in this plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 0.5-10g, nitrocalcite 1-10g, sal epsom 1-10g, ammonium phosphate 0.5-10g, vitriolate of tartar 0.5-8g, potassium primary phosphate 0.5-5g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 50-200mg, ferrous sulfate 50-100mg, boric acid 50-250mg, manganous sulfate 5-50mg, zinc sulfate 1-20mg, copper sulfate 1-10mg, ammonium molybdate 1-10mg,
The fertilizer 5-30mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 10-30ml,
Surplus is a water;
Transferring the ph value is 5.5-8.5;
Wherein:
The described fertilizer that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium is selected from brave strong 550, bravely strong 472, bravely strong 226;
Described fertilizer synergist is for liking Rong Te root element alive.
2. plant nutrition liquid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight that contains each component in the described plant nutrition liquid of every 5000ml is respectively:
The macroelement class: saltpetre 1-5g, nitrocalcite 5-7g, sal epsom 3-6g, ammonium phosphate 1-5g, vitriolate of tartar 1-4g, potassium primary phosphate 1-3g,
Microelement kind: b diammonium disodium edta 100-150mg, ferrous sulfate 75-80mg, boric acid 100-200mg, manganous sulfate 20-30mg, zinc sulfate 5-10mg, copper sulfate 1-5mg, ammonium molybdate 1-5mg,
The fertilizer 10-20mg that contains nitrogen phosphorus potassium,
Fertilizer synergist 15-20ml,
Surplus is a water.
3. claim 1 or 2 application of described plant nutrition liquid in plant growing is characterized in that: described plant nutrition liquid is used for the soilless culture of each kind of plant and the soil cultivation is arranged.
4. the application of plant nutrition liquid according to claim 3 in plant growing is characterized in that: described plant nutrition liquid is used for the soilless culture of plant.
5. the application of plant nutrition liquid according to claim 4 in plant growing is characterized in that: with described plant nutrition liquid be used for big-and-middle-sized xylophyta soilless culture.
6. the application of plant nutrition liquid according to claim 4 in plant growing, it is characterized in that: the method that described plant nutrition liquid is used for the soilless culture of plant mainly comprises the steps:
(1), clean root earth: after taking plant, its root earth is cleaned in the water flushing;
(2), disease and pest is handled: the plant root is carried out corresponding disease and pest handle; Can carry out the treatment process of disease and pest with reference to having in soil cultivation or the general soilless culture of plant;
(3), taking root liquid soaks: soak the plant root with taking root liquid;
(4), substrate culture: adopt soilless culture substrate material commonly used, replace soil, with plantlet of transplant in the basin that matrix is housed;
(5), regularly water nutritive medium: according to different varieties and the size of plant, regularly or irregularly water plant nutrition liquid of the present invention, to guarantee the survival of plant;
Other management gets final product with general soilless culture method.
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| CNB2007100492025A CN100528815C (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-05-30 | Plant nutrient solution and application in plant cultivation |
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| CNB2007100492025A CN100528815C (en) | 2007-05-30 | 2007-05-30 | Plant nutrient solution and application in plant cultivation |
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| CN100528815C true CN100528815C (en) | 2009-08-19 |
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2007
- 2007-05-30 CN CNB2007100492025A patent/CN100528815C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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