CN100528771C - Real-time controlling method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge process - Google Patents
Real-time controlling method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A real-time control method for intensified cyclic activated sludge nitrogen removal belongs to the wastewater biological nitrogen removal field and is applied to the city wastewater deep treatment. Most cyclic activated sludge nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects are not ideal. Steps of the invention are that an agitator in a main reaction region is started while water enters to implement the nitrification process under the hypoxic condition. When a maximum value appears on a pH value curve and an inflection point appears on an ORP curve, the stirring is stopped. When the last stirring stage is stopped, oxygen is added in the mixture for the degradation of organic compounds and the nitrification of nitrogen compounds. When a minimum value appears on the pH value curve, the aeration is stopped. The steps are repeated till the water inletting stage is finished. And an aerobic aeration stage is taken as an ending stage of a reaction period. The following process is similar with a traditional CAST method, which is to successively enter a precipitation stage, a drainage stage and an idle stage, successively repeat the steps and emit sludge periodically. Finished by a real-time control system, the whole process has the advantages of convenient operation, low cost, strong impact load resistance and uneasy sludge bulking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of real-time control method of method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge performance, belong to SBR method and modification process spent water bio-denitrification technology field thereof, be applicable to city sewage deep treatment.
Background technology
The bio-denitrifying sewage technology is an important research direction in the current water pollution control field, has caused the common concern of countries in the world.Because conventional activated sludge process nitrification is incomplete, denitrification then takes place hardly, and the clearance of total nitrogen is only between 10%～30%.Therefore, for municipal effluent, if adopt conventional Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process, also contain a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water outlet, along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of surface water body " eutrophication " phenomenon, impel people that conventional activated sludge technology is transformed, to improve the clearance of nitrogen, phosphorus.The most representative is exactly technologies such as A/O method, A2/O method, and these technologies are playing certain effect aspect the denitrogenation of waste water dephosphorization, but also exposes some problems simultaneously.As system is to keep the concentration of higher nitrobacteria, must carry out mud backflow and nitrification liquid and reflux, increase running cost and energy consumption, on the other hand, increase the processing structures of anaerobism and anoxic section in the technology, made the initial cost of whole technology and floor space increase.Therefore, research and development biological denitrification process and device efficient, less energy-consumption become current field of water treatment important research project.
Biological denitrification process is mainly finished jointly by two-stage process, promptly by nitrification ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, by denitrification nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen again and overflows from water.In the nitrated stage, it is by independently two differential responses finishing of bacterium catalysis of two classes that ammonia nitrogen is converted to nitrate, at first ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite (NO2-), by nitrifier (Nitrobacter) nitrite is converted into nitrate (NO3-) then by nitrococcus (Nitrosomonas).The final product of nitrification is a nitrate in the traditional biological denitrification process, and denitrification is electron acceptor(EA) with NO3-.In fact, from the microbial transformation process of nitrogen, it is by independently two differential responses finishing of bacterium catalysis of two classes that ammonia is oxidized to nitrate, should separate.For denitrifying bacteria, no matter be that nitrite or nitrate all can be used as final hydrogen acceptor, thereby whole biological denitrification process also can finish through the such approach of NH4+ → NO2-→ N2, and people are defined as the short-cut nitrification and denitrification biological denitrification process to the technology of carrying out denitrogenation through this approach.From reaction mechanism, short distance nitration-denitrification reduces by two steps than complete nitrification-denitrification, thereby it has saved aerobic stage oxygen-supplying amount about 25%; Save the required carbon source about 40% of denitrification; Reduce the mud growing amount; Reduce the throwing alkali number of nitrifying process; Shorten the reaction times, correspondingly reduced reactor volume about 30%～40%.Therefore, this technology is significant for practical engineering application.
But, up to the present, realize in actual engineering that through the NO2-approach successful Application of biological denitrificaion is actually rare.Its major cause is the controlling factor more complicated that influences NO2-accumulation, and Nitromonas can promptly be converted into NO3-with NO2-, therefore, causes the short distance nitration denitrification process of having realized to revert to the complete nitrification process again.
Circulating type active sludge method (CAST) is a kind of deformation technique of SBR method, on the basis of SBR, set up a biological selector, suppress Filamentous Bulking generation and good denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect in the hope of obtaining, yet how undesirable the denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect of this technology is in practice.
Technical problem to be solved
In existing C AST technology, water inlet-reaction, precipitation, the time in each stage of draining are changeless, for example a typical cycle of operation comprises 4 hours, wherein be water inlet-aeration phase in 2 hours, 1 hour is precipitate phase, other 1 hour is bleeding stage, and such operation scheme is at the average water quality of former water and definite.And raw water quality is that the fluctuation variation is not changeless, the mode that obvious this fixed operation scheme is not a kind of optimization.For example, when Pollutant levels increased than mean concns in the water inlet, if 2 hours flooding time is constant, aeration rate was also constant simultaneously, and 2 hours aerated reaction time is just not enough so; Equally, when Pollutant levels reduced in the water inlet, 2 hours aerated reaction time was just too much wasted so.And although 2 hours aerated reaction time may be satisfied the needs of nitration reaction, owing to there is not the enough anoxic denitrification time, the removal efficient of total nitrogen can be affected.In addition, the constant aerobic aeration time also is unfavorable for realizing short distance nitration.Therefore, in order to realize saving energy and reduce the cost, and guarantee to need a kind of optimization operation scheme that can regulate each time in stage according to raw water quality by the technology effluent quality.
Summary of the invention
Circulating type active sludge method denitrogenation real-time control method described in the present invention is characterized in that:
Increase the anoxia stirring stage, and adopt become duration aerobic/the anoxybiotic mode is moved, and the time of control aerobic aeration and anoxia stirring is realized by the real-time process control strategy.Simultaneously, because short-cut nitrification and denitrification has advantages such as the reaction times of saving, saving energy consumption, so this method has not only improved processing efficiency, has reduced running cost, and when bigger variation takes place in the water inlet Pollutant levels, owing to adopted the online in real time process control still can control alternately aerobic/anoxic time exactly, the capacity of resisting impact load of total system improved greatly.
Device provided by the invention: comprise in selector switch 2, main reaction region 4, the water inlet pipe 1 that inserts selector switch 2, the selector switch straining the set aerator 7 of hydrophone 8 and bottom, be connected gas blower 6 on the aerator 7, be connected the rising pipe 9 strained on the hydrophone 8, mud is back to the return sludge pump 10 of selector switch 2 and the shore pipe 11 of discharging excess sludge by main reaction region 4 in agitator 3, the main reaction region 4, it is characterized in that, also be provided with agitator 5 in the main reaction region, real-time controller 12, connect pH, the ORP transmitter 13 of real-time controller 12 in main reaction region 4; Described real-time controller 12 comprises the time relay, data collecting card and computer,
The real-time control method of a kind of method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge provided by the invention is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) water inlet: open water inlet pipe 1 and open agitators 3 in the selector switch 2,, after reaching the scheduled time, stop into water and stop agitator 3 by predefined time control wastewater treatment capacity; Sludge reflux pump 10 is opened in water inlet simultaneously, and under predefined quantity of reflux, mud is back to selector switch 2 by main reaction region 4 ends;
2) water inlet/stirring: real-time controller 12 comprises the time relay, data collecting card and computer; When beginning to intake, the time relay of real-time controller 12 turn on agitator 5, carry out the denitrification process under the anoxia condition, the denitrification process is monitored by pH, ORP transmitter 13, and by the real-time control that data collecting card arrives the data transmission that is obtained computer-implemented churning time in real time, maximum value occurs on pH value curve, on the ORP curve flex point appears simultaneously, show the short-cut denitrification end of processing, disconnect the time relay of agitator 5 this moment, stops to stir;
3) aeration: under real-time controller 12 is regulated, after a last agitation phases stops, the pressurized air that opening gas blower 6 provides enters aerator 7, oxygen supply in main reaction region 4 mixed solutions, carry out the nitrification of organic degraded and nitrogenous compound, whole process is by pH, 13 monitoring of ORP transmitter, and the real-time control of in real time data transmission that is obtained being arrived computer-implemented aeration time by data collecting card, judge by the extreme point on the monitoring pH value change curve whether nitrifying process finishes, when mnm. occurring on the pH value curve, show the short distance nitration end of processing, stop aeration this moment;
4) repeat 2,3 liang of steps, finish, and be the ending stage of reaction period with the aerobic aeration stage up to fill phase;
5) precipitation: after last aerobic stage finished, according to predefined time control sedimentation time, inlet valve, air intake valve, water discharging valve and spoil disposal valve were all closed at this moment by the time relay in the real-time controller 12; This stage mud refluxes and is still carrying out;
6) draining: after precipitate phase finishes, stop mud and reflux, under real-time controller 12 was regulated, water strainer without power source 8 was started working, and will handle back water and discharge through rising pipe 9, and water discharge time is by water strainer without power source 8 controls;
7) idle: under real-time controller 12 was regulated, intrasystem all valves of entire reaction, rly. and volume pump were all closed, and the reaction tank also not draining of neither intaking is in holding state;
8) system repeats 1 successively), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7) each step, change according to raw water quality or the water yield and to regulate each step duration automatically, that total system alternately experiences is aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state, intermittent water inflow and water outlet, and shore pipe 11 regularly discharges excess sludge
The real-time control method of the method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge performance of the present invention's design comprises CAST reactor and real-time control system.This device comprises that mainly (the pond body is divided into two portions to the rectangular parallelepiped reaction tank, front end is a selector switch, the rear end is a main reaction region), be placed on the agitator of aerator, selector switch and main reaction region in the reaction tank main reaction region and DO, ORP, pH transmitter, water inlet pipe, rising pipe, the returned sluge system, gas blower, aerator, strain hydrophone, real-time control system.The used hydrophone of straining is a water strainer without power source among the present invention, is made up of the water collector of liquid level and water-freeing arrangement and the transmission mechanism that is attached thereto.
Principle of work of the present invention and process:
When utilizing microorganism that sewage is carried out denitrogenation processing, in nitrifying process, because nitration reaction consumes basicity, therefore be accompanied by the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen, the pH value of mixed solution reduces gradually, when the ammonia nitrogen oxidation finishes, if proceed aeration, then the pH value can then present trend of rising gradually, show on the pH curve to be exactly a minimum point (" valley point "); In denitrification process, because this process constantly produces basicity, the pH value is trend of rising gradually, be accompanied by the reduction of nitric nitrogen, make the interior oxidation state material of reactive system constantly reduce, therefore redox potential (ORP) value constantly descends, nitrate-nitrogen reduction finishes in mixed solution, when also being the denitrification process end, the pH value rises to vertex, if continue the environment of anoxia stirring, the pH value will transfer to descend, the ORP value then can sharply descend, and shows on the pH value curve it is a maximum value (" peak dot "), shows on the ORP curve it is one (" flex point ").So can be by the pH in the monitoring biological wastewater treatment process, the time span that the ORP change curve is controlled the differential responses condition, this can realize by the method for mathematics, when minimum point appears in pH value change curve, the first order derivative of pH value change curve is zero, and be by negative value become on the occasion of; When maximum point appearred in pH value change curve, the first order derivative of pH value change curve was similarly zero, and different with the former is this moment, the pH value was by on the occasion of becoming negative value; And for the ORP change curve, when denitrification finished, the second derivative of ORP curve was zero, by on the occasion of becoming negative value.Principle in time stops aeration and stirring to realize the real-time control of bio-denitrifying sewage process easily when aerobic nitrification end and anoxic denitrification end in view of the above.
(1) the main reaction region agitator is opened in water inlet simultaneously, carries out the denitrification process under the anoxia condition, when occurring flex point occurring on maximum value and the ORP curve on the pH value curve, shows the short-cut denitrification end of processing, stops this moment stirring;
(2) after a last agitation phases stopped, the nitrification of organic degraded and nitrogenous compound was carried out in oxygen supply in mixed solution, mnm. occurs on pH value curve, shows the short distance nitration end of processing, stopped aeration this moment;
(3) repeat (1), (2) two steps, finish, and be the ending stage of reaction period with the aerobic aeration stage up to fill phase.
(4) after reaction process finished, following processes and traditional CAS T method were similar, entered precipitation, draining successively, left unused the stage, and repeat above step successively with certain cycle, and regularly discharge remaining active sludge.
The beneficial effect of the invention
The real-time control method of the method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge performance of the present invention's design compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) adopts aerobic aeration and anoxia stirring time in the real-time control strategy control biological denitrification process, fundamentally solved the not enough caused nitrated or denitrification of aeration or churning time not exclusively and aeration or the raising of the long running cost of bringing of churning time and the waste of the energy.And can control required aerobic aeration time of each biochemical reaction, anoxia stirring time in real time according to the variation of the raw water quality water yield, realize having intelligentized control, optimize energy-conservation under the prerequisite of assurance effluent quality.
(2) control aeration and churning time in real time, (short distance nitration is finished to have avoided excessive aeration, still continue aeration) generation of phenomenon, under the nitrite accumulation condition, do not provide sufficient dissolved oxygen for the nitrate bacterium, make the nitrite nitrogen of nitrated generation in the reactor in time be reduced to nitrogen through anoxia stirring,, fundamentally do not suppress the growth of Nitromonas for Nitromonas provides growth required substrate.Therefore, fundamentally reduced short distance nitration, made the short distance nitration type more stable, lasting to the possibility that traditional complete nitrification transforms.
(3) agent set adopts CAST technology, makes organism and nitrogenous compound obtain removing in a reaction tank, has reduced anoxic pond and settling tank etc. and has handled structures, thereby reduced the floor space of initial cost and whole technology.
What (4) denitrogenation method adopted is the short distance nitration biological denitrification process, thereby it has saved aerobic stage oxygen-supplying amount about 25%; Save the required carbon source about 40% of denitrification; Reduce the mud growing amount; Shorten the reaction times, correspondingly reduced reactor volume about 30%～40%.
(5) whole technology is finished by real-time control system, has bookkeeping conveniently, and expense is low, anti impulsion load is strong and the advantage of difficult generation sludge bulking.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a real-time control apparatus synoptic diagram of strengthening the denitrogenation of CAST technology;
1. water inlet pipe; 2. selector switch; 3. agitator in the selector switch; 4. main reaction region; 5. agitator in the main reaction region; 6. gas blower; 7. aerator; 8. strain hydrophone; 9. rising pipe; 10. return sludge pump; 11. shore pipe; 12. real-time controller; 13.pH, the ORP transmitter
Fig. 2 is the real-time control strategy synoptic diagram of reinforcing process nitrogen removal performance
(4) embodiment
Describe patent of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
(1) water inlet: open the valve that water inlet pipe links to each other with intake pump and open agitator in the selector switch, control wastewater treatment capacity by the predefined time, after reaching the scheduled time, close inlet valve and stop to stir in the selector switch; Sludge reflux pump is opened in water inlet simultaneously, and under predefined quantity of reflux, mud is back to selector switch by the main reaction region end;
(2) water inlet/stirring (denitrification stage): when beginning to intake, real-time control system is opened main reaction region agitator motor rly., carry out the denitrification process under the anoxia condition, this stage mainly is in order to reduce residual nitric nitrogen in the one-period system, the denitrification process is by ORP and the monitoring of pH on-line sensor, and the real-time control of in real time data transmission that is obtained being arrived computer-implemented churning time by data collecting card, maximum value (first order derivative of pH value curve by on the occasion of becoming negative value) appears on pH value curve, flex point (second derivative of ORP value curve by on the occasion of becoming negative value) appears on the ORP curve simultaneously, show the short-cut denitrification end of processing, disconnect the agitator motor rly. this moment, stops to stir;
(3) aeration (nitrated stage): under real-time control system is regulated, after a last agitation phases stops, open the by-pass valve control between inlet pipe and the aerator, the pressurized air that is provided by gas blower enters aerator, oxygen supply in mixed solution, carry out the nitrification of organic degraded and nitrogenous compound, whole process is by DO and the monitoring of pH on-line sensor, and the real-time control of in real time data transmission that is obtained being arrived computer-implemented aeration time by data collecting card, judge by the extreme point on the monitoring pH value change curve whether nitrifying process finishes, when mnm. occurring on the pH value curve, the first order derivative of pH value curve by negative value become on the occasion of, show the short distance nitration end of processing, close the valve that inlet pipe links to each other with aerator this moment, stops aeration;
(4) repeat (2), (3) two steps, finish, and be the ending stage of reaction period with the aerobic aeration stage up to fill phase.
(5) precipitation: after last aerobic stage finished, according to predefined time control sedimentation time, inlet valve, air intake valve, water discharging valve and spoil disposal valve were all closed at this moment by the time controller in the real-time control system; This stage mud refluxes and is still carrying out;
(6) draining: precipitate phase is closed sludge reflux pump after finishing, and under real-time control system was regulated, water strainer without power source was started working, and will handle back water outside rising pipe is discharged to reactor, and water discharge time is controlled by water strainer without power source;
(7) idle: under real-time control system was regulated, intrasystem all valves of entire reaction, rly. and volume pump were all closed, and the reaction tank also not draining of neither intaking is in holding state.
(8) system repeats (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) each step successively, automatically regulate each step duration according to raw water quality or water yield variation, that total system alternately experiences is aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state, intermittent water inflow and water outlet, and regularly discharge remaining active sludge.
Samll cities and towns' municipal sewage treatment during the present invention can be widely used in is specially adapted to adopt the sewage work of CAST technology or the sewage work of preparing to adopt CAST technology.At first should possess DO, ORP and pH value online detection instrument, treat after the system stable operation, observation DO, ORP and the pH value Changing Pattern in removing organism, nitrification and denitrification biochemical reaction process, characteristic rule according to the parameter variation, software, the hardware system of control are in real time combined with DO, ORP, the online detection of pH value, and adjust some parameter and control law according to practical operation situation, for example return sludge ratio can by 20% be adjusted to 30%, sedimentation time can be adjusted to 1.5 hours etc. by 2 hours, to obtain the ideal effluent quality.
Embodiment:
With the real life sewage of certain university dependents' district discharging as experimental subjects (pH=6.5～7.8, COD=260～500mg/L, TN=30～65mg/L).Selected CAST reactor useful volume 72L, in the reactor MLSS of mixed solution at 3.5～4.0g.L-1,25 ℃ of temperature of reaction.Utilize the real-time control apparatus of reinforced circulating type method denitrogenation, predetermined flooding time and reflux ratio were respectively 4 hours and 20% in the step (1), sedimentation time is 1 hour in the step (5), in the final outflow water COD less than 50mg/L, total nitrogen less than 5mg/L, far below the desired total nitrogen concentration of national grade one discharge standard.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of real-time control method of method for denitrification by reinforced circulating type active sludge is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) water inlet: open water inlet pipe (1) and open interior the agitator of selector switch (2) (3), control wastewater treatment capacity by predefined time, after reaching the scheduled time, stop into water and stop agitator (3); Sludge reflux pump (10) is opened in water inlet simultaneously, and under predefined quantity of reflux, mud is back to selector switch (2) by main reaction region (4) end;
2) water inlet/stirring: real-time controller (12) comprises the time relay, data collecting card and computer; When beginning to intake, the time relay of real-time controller (12) turn on agitator (5), carry out the denitrification process under the anoxia condition, the denitrification process is monitored by pH, ORP transmitter (13), and by the real-time control that data collecting card arrives the data transmission that is obtained computer-implemented churning time in real time, maximum value occurs on pH value curve, on the ORP curve flex point appears simultaneously, show the short-cut denitrification end of processing, disconnect the time relay of agitator (5) this moment, stops to stir;
3) aeration: under real-time controller (12) is regulated, after a last agitation phases stops, the pressurized air that opening gas blower (6) provides enters aerator (7), oxygen supply in main reaction region (4) mixed solution, carry out the nitrification of organic degraded and nitrogenous compound, whole process is by pH, ORP transmitter (13) monitoring, and the real-time control of in real time data transmission that is obtained being arrived computer-implemented aeration time by data collecting card, judge by the extreme point on the monitoring pH value change curve whether nitrifying process finishes, when mnm. occurring on the pH value curve, show the short distance nitration end of processing, stop aeration this moment;
4) repeat 2), 3) two steps, finish up to fill phase, and be the ending stage of reaction period with the aerobic aeration stage;
5) precipitation: after last aerobic stage finished, according to predefined time control sedimentation time, inlet valve, air intake valve, water discharging valve and spoil disposal valve were all closed at this moment by the time relay in the real-time controller (12); This stage mud refluxes and is still carrying out;
6) draining: after precipitate phase finishes, stop mud and reflux, under real-time controller (12) was regulated, water strainer without power source (8) was started working, and will handle back water and discharge through rising pipe (9), and water discharge time is controlled by water strainer without power source (8);
7) idle: under real-time controller (12) was regulated, intrasystem all valves of entire reaction, rly. and volume pump were all closed, and the reaction tank also not draining of neither intaking is in holding state;
8) system repeats 1 successively), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7) each step, automatically regulate each step duration according to raw water quality or water yield variation, that total system alternately experiences is aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic state, intermittent water inflow and water outlet, and shore pipe (11) regularly discharges excess sludge.
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| CN101759290B (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-11-30 | 彭永臻 | Method for rapidly realizing and stably maintaining shortcut nitrification in continuous flow process |
| JP5799633B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2015-10-28 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Biological treatment method and treatment equipment for amine-containing wastewater |
| CN102559489B (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2014-01-29 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for quickly enriching ammonia oxidizing bacteria |
| CN102583745B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-12-11 | 天津城市建设学院 | Improved in-situ excess sludge decrement control method through cyclic activated sludge technology |
| CN103011523B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-02-11 | 遵义长征电器智控设备有限责任公司 | Town sewage treatment system |
| CN103482831B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-11-05 | 北京工业大学 | Method for enriching nitrite nitrogen oxidizing bacteria granule sludge through process control |
| CN103508556A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-15 | 上海纯元环保科技有限公司 | Aeration capacity regulating system for aerobic sewage treatment |
| CN103739074B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-04-01 | 重庆市三峡水务有限责任公司 | Sewage treatment method of A-A2O biological tank |
| KR101503643B1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-18 | 한국교통대학교산학협력단 | Phosphorus, Nitrogenous removal system and method with Modified Ludzack Ettinger effluent using the auto control method |
| KR101484881B1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-01-23 | 한국교통대학교산학협력단 | Phosphorus, Nitrogenous removal system and method with Membrane Sequencing Batch Reactor effluent using the Electrical Conductivity |
| CN106230106A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 浙江嘉科新能源科技有限公司 | The sewage disposal device that a kind of joint household formula photovoltaic commercial power is complementary |
| CN110156177B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-02-08 | 青岛大学 | Intermittent vertical flow artificial wetland denitrification simulation experiment device and experiment method |
| CN110968028A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-07 | 沈阳环境科学研究院 | Oxygen supply energy-saving optimization control method for SBR process |
| CN111620438B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-08-02 | 北京首创股份有限公司 | Optimal control method for reducing energy consumption of ICEAS sewage treatment process |
| CN116444038A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-07-18 | 中原环保股份有限公司 | ASBR+MBBR synchronous denitrification and dephosphorization system for high-load sewage plant and control method |
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