CN100519698C - 连续碳化方法及装置 - Google Patents
连续碳化方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100519698C CN100519698C CNB2004100789108A CN200410078910A CN100519698C CN 100519698 C CN100519698 C CN 100519698C CN B2004100789108 A CNB2004100789108 A CN B2004100789108A CN 200410078910 A CN200410078910 A CN 200410078910A CN 100519698 C CN100519698 C CN 100519698C
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- urceolus
- inner core
- raw material
- carbide
- rotary oven
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 230000003213 activating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- MUNQMIHWKXBBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;molecular nitrogen Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other processes not covered before; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
本发明的目的是在连续碳化木材碎屑类的方法及装置中，在可靠地进行碳化物的灭火的同时，经过该灭火过程制造活性炭。本发明以下述方式实现：在具有双重筒结构的旋转炉中，连续地实施以下过程，即，使原料M沿着从内筒(11)的一端侧起经过外筒(12)到达外部的基本上一定的路径移动，在此期间，在内筒(11)的另外一端侧将原料点火，同时使燃烧持续，然后，在隔断内筒与外筒之间空气供应的空间内，将燃烧熄灭，获得碳化物，通过向获得的碳化物供应水，对碳化物实施活化工艺，制造活性炭，并且利用氮气N2将碳化物灭火。
Description
连续碳化方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及利用具有双重筒结构的旋转炉使原料碳化的方法及装置。
背景技术
作为可以连续地进行可燃物的碳化处理的装置，有实开昭50-101475号公开的装置，该装置，使燃烧器面对着里面设置螺旋翼的、由 内外双重圃筒构成的转筒的内筒的一端，预热到规定的温度，在内筒的前 段加热脱水，在后段进行烘烧碳化，同时，在外筒中逆流的期间内緩慢冷 却，可以连续地取出，但是，在这种装置中，由于是利用螺旋翼运送到外 筒内的期间中与常温空气接触进行緩慢冷却，所以，会受到处于燃烧状态 的内筒的热量的影响，为了降低到所需的温度，需要很大的冷却区域.
因此，本申请人曾开发了一种尽管只需要更狭小的设置面积，却能 够以更高的热效率进行原料的碳化的方法及装置（特开平10 - 279949号， 特许第3021387号）。前述专利的发明，是经过利用隔断内筒、外筒之间 的空气供应的空间使燃烧熄灭、冷却的过程的工艺，将用于这一目的的通 气隔断阀机构设置在外筒上。从而，由于氣气的供应被切断，所以迅速地 变成熄灭状态，无需前面所述的很大的冷却区域，但是，在把前述专利的 发明用于木材的碎屑等的情况下，存在着灭火不够的问题.
即，在将拆除木制房屋时产生的废旧木材，或者间伐木材，漂流木 材等破碎、粉碎，制成木材碎屑，将其烘烧进行碳化处理的情况下，例如， 对于和树节及树根等相当的部分，当燃烧的碎屑变成余烬时，有时会发生 在没有完全烧尽的情况下被排出到设备之外问题。没有完全烧尽的余烬被 排出到设备之外后，与空气接触发生燃烧，不仅会使夹杂有它的碳化物燃 烧，而且还是很危险的。此外，尽管发生这种没有完全烧尽的情况很少，但是，由于不知道什么时候会发生这种情况，所以必须长时间地将通气隔 断，存在着延长生产时间的问题.
【专利文献1】实开昭50 - 101475号 【专利文献2】特开平10-279949号
发明的内容
本发明鉴于前面所述的情况，所要解决的课^A，在将木材碎屑类 连续碳化的方法及装置中，在能够可靠地进行碳化物的灭火的同时，经过 该灭火工序，制造活性炭。
为了解决前述课题，本发明采取方法为，在具有双重筒结构的旋转 炉中，连续地实施以下过程，即，使原料沿着从内筒的一端侧起经过外筒 到达外部的基本上一定的路径移动，在此期间，在内筒的另外一端侧将原 料点火，同时使燃烧持续，然后，在隔断内筒与外筒之间空气供应的空间 内，将燃烧熄灭，获得碳化物，通过向获得的碳化物供应水，对碳化物实 施活化工艺，制造活性炭，并且利用氮气将获得的活性炭灭火。
优选地，利用下面所述的连续碳化装置实施上述连续碳化方法，所 述连续碳化装置包括：由内筒及外筒构成的双重结构、并且能够围绕筒轴 旋转的旋转炉，将原料导入到旋转炉内的导入机构，以及将在旋转炉中碳 化的物质导出的导出机构，其中，被导入到内筒的一端侧的原料一面借助 燃烧器在内筒的另外一端侧燃烧一面移动，移向外筒内，进而，为了在外 筒内将火熄灭，在导出机构上设置将通向外筒内的气体隔断的阔机构，并 且，所述连续碳化装置还包括：在密闭地搬运碳化物的过程中喷射水的喷 嘴，以及供应氮气的喷嘴，该喷嘴作为位置导出机构之后的灭火部。
根据本发明的连续碳化方法及实施该方法用的装置，采用具有双重 筒结构的旋转炉，使供应给它的原料碳化。作为原料，以所谓木材碎屑作 为对象，包括通过剪枝等产生的木材，漂流的木材以及其它各种木材，将 它们以粉碎、破碎的形态供应。所以，也包括锯末以及由其它木材加工产 生的碎屑等。
在本发明中，通过向碳化物供应水实施活化工序，利用该工序将碳
4化物活化，可以制造活性炭，并且，能够彻底灭火。在一般的活性炭的制 造中，采用将有机物碳化， 一度将碳化物从碳化装置中取出，投入到另外 的活化炉中，加热，隔断空气，吹入蒸气的方法。因此，在现有技术中， 需要碳化炉和活化炉两种装置，在工艺上也要增加将碳化物放入、取出的 多余的部分，造成在时间和成本方面的浪费，但是，在本发明中，通过将 水向碳化物上喷雾，使之发生加热蒸气，利用该加热蒸气进行处理来实施 活化工序，这时，可以制造活性炭。
在本发明中，使上面所述的原料烘烧碳化，获得的碳化物在惰性气 体的气氛中灭火。在直到从外筒中取出之前的期间内，在隔断通气的外筒 内的移动过程中，碳化物处于以接近百分之百的比例熄灭的状态，但是， 由于对象是木材，所以存在着树节及根等一部分没有完全烧尽的可能性。 因此，在本发明中，为了利用惰性气体将碳化物灭火，使碳化物在惰性气 体气氛中通过。从而，在本发明中，通过经由灭火工序进行积极的灭火， 对于可靠地进行灭火是4艮有意义的。作为灭火性气体，可以使用氮气，二 氧化碳等，通过以低温供应这种气体，可以促进活性炭的冷却。
由于本发明具有上述结构和作用，所以在连续碳化由木材碎屑类构 成的原料的方法及装置中，可以产生下述效果，即，通过使碳化物在氮气 气氛中通过，进行可靠地灭火，并且，通过向碳化物供应水，将碳化物活 化，制造活性炭，同时，可以更加完全地灭火。
附图说明
图1是表示为了实施根据本发明的连续碳化方法直接使用的装置的 实施形式的例1的平面图，
图2是图1的装置的正视图。 围3是图2的III - III线的剖视图。 图4是图2的IV-IV线的剖视图。 图5是图2的V-V线的剖视图， 图6是困2的VI - VI线的剖视图。 图7是困2的左側视图。
5困8是图2的右側视图.
困9是表示根据本发明的方法的简困，或者是表示装置的运转状态 的说明图。
具体实施方式
在实施根据本发明的连续碳化方法时，使由木材碎屑构成的原料， 沿着从构成旋转炉的内筒经由外筒至旋转炉外部的基本上一定的路径移 动。通过向内筒中供应材料、使之从该处向外筒移动，有效地利用内筒和 外筒的双重筒结构。即，在内筒中使原料发生燃烧，在燃烧物移动到外筒 之后，隔断向内筒与外筒之间的空气的供应，在外筒内使燃烧物的燃烧熄 灭，生成碳化物.碳化物在上述外筒中移动的期间内，被緩慢地冷却。
具有双重筒结构的旋转炉，使用通过旋转可以使原料及燃烧物（碳 化物）向筒的轴向方向移动的旋转炉。作为这种旋转炉，例如，可以采用 这样的结构：在圆筒状的内筒及外筒的里面设置螺旋状的叶片状构件，炉 的旋转力成为原料等的推进力。使燃烧火焰直接作用到原料上的方法，从 热效率上说是最适宜的，并且，在直到暴露在燃烧火焰中之前的期间内， 利用余热可以使原料充分干燥。这样，由木材碎屑构成的原料， 一面发生 燃烧， 一面在内筒中从一端向另一端移动，移向外筒。在内筒、外筒之间， 隔断空气的供应，因此，燃烧逐渐熄灭。
这样，成为熄灭状态的碳化物，进入利用氛气的积极灭火的工序。 此外，向借助穿过氮气气氛灭火的碳化物喷射水，借此，实施由加热蒸气 处理进行的活化工序，与此同时，达到彻底地灭火，根绝未灭火的可能性。 通过经由活化工序，将以木材碎屑作为原料的碳化物变成活性炭。喷射水 的工序和供应氮气的工序，可以先实施其中的任何一个，也可以两者同时 并行地实施。
灭火工序和活化工序，如实施例所示，可以用两种方法加以实施， 其中一种方法是对位于旋转筒内部的碳化物实施的方法，另外一种是在旋 转筒的外部设置诸如螺旋输送机这样的密闭空间来加以实施的方法。可以 很容易地将外筒的空气供应隔断，向其内部空间供应水，进一步供应氮气等气体，以及很容易地对这些供应的控制，
这种连续碳化方法，可以利用困1所示的连续碳化装置加以实施。
使原料燃烧的旋转炉10，具有由内筒11和外筒12构成的双重筒结构， 内筒ll的一端，成为原料导入用的部分，设置用于这一目的的由料斗13 及将原料送入到内筒内部的送料器14等构成的导入机构15。作为送料器 14,可以使用螺旋输送机式的定量型送料器。可以利用支承辊17将旋转 炉IO基本上以水平状态支承在底座16上，在这种状态下，可以围绕着圓 筒轴进行旋转。18表示用辊17支承的外轮。举例所示的旋转炉10，在导 入侧，内筒11比外筒12长，在内筒的端部上，设置端部外壳19,在较 短的外筒12的端部上，设置中间部外壳21。
在旋转炉IO的另一个端部，朝向内筒11的另一端开口的内部，设 置燃烧器20。在举例所示的情况下，内筒11和外筒12的端部位于头部 外壳22内，燃烧器20，在头部外壳22上安装于轴心位置上。参照图l、 图7等。包围内筒11及外筒12的各端部的外壳19、 21、 22，起着将旋 转筒的内部保持在密闭状态的密封件的作用。构成旋转炉10的内筒11 和外筒12可成一整体旋转地形成，可以利用链条等动力传动机构25，将 设于外筒12外周上的链环等动力传动用环状部23和马达等驱动机构24 的驱动轴结合起来，使之旋转。参照图2、图3。
构成旋转炉10的内筒11，在内侧具有多个使从导入机构投入的原 料基本上向轴向方向移动用的叶片26。叶片26具有倾斜的形状，结构或 者配置，适合于将借助内筒11的旋转由其内周面受到的周向方向移动力 变成轴向方向的移动力。例如，如图3~图5详细表示的那样，导入侧的 叶片26的倾斜度，比其它叶片的倾斜度更大，并且，叶片26的高度也更 高，可以改变速度及推进力。为了使原料从内筒11向外筒转移，在内筒 11的前端部设置窗口状的另外的通过部27。为了使向外筒转移的原料向 相反方向移动，利用朝着与前面相反的方向倾斜的叶片28进行搬运。该 叶片28可以设置在外筒12的内表面上。参照图3〜图5。在所列举的倾 斜的情况下，当从前端观察向右旋转时，使原料前进。
燃烧器20,设置在旋转炉10的另一个端部，位于比轴心稍稍靠下
7的位置处的燃烧器20的火焰，容易将原料点火使之燃烧.29表示观察窗.
为了将在内筒n中燃烧生成的气体排出，设置排气部30。该排气部包围
端部外壳19，并且用通气口 31在一端通入到内筒11的内部空间中，从 末端的烟囱32将气体排放到大气中，参照图6。
为了通过将燃烧的原料熄灭来冷却炭火及碳化物，在导出机构37的 适当的部位上,设置用于将向由外筒12和内筒11包围的空间S内通气隔 断的机构。在所列举的例子的情况下，在外壳21的下部，设置溜槽36， 为了取出碳化物，将导出机构37连接到溜槽36上。参照图5。导出机构 37，为了取出碳化物，作为隔断向旋转炉的内部空间S通气的机构，具有 设置两段挡板38、 38的卸料管42，通过关闭挡板38、 38中的任何一个， 可以连续地取出碳化物。39表示螺旋输送机。
对碳化物实施活化工艺的活化部40，设置在导出机构37的前段（参 照图5及图9)。活化部40，由外筒12和内筒11包围的空间部设定，为 了将其活化，在溜槽36上设置将水向碳化物喷雾的喷嘴41。
灭火部43与螺旋输送机39相关联地设置，具体地说，具有多个向 正在净皮搬运的碳化物上喷射氮气用的喷嘴44。灭火部43，以适合于从挡 板38供应的碳化物的量的速度驱动螺旋输送机，通过保持该速度和氮气 的量的均衡，可以提高灭火的可靠性。灭火部43，具有包围螺旋输送机 39的外侧的水冷套45，可以实施最终的冷却。
<原料的供应>
在利用上面列举的装置实施根据本发明的连续碳化方法的情况下， 将原料M从导入机构15供应到内筒的一个端部。在将原料导入之前，使 燃烧器20工作，将炉子的内部加热，利用传感器等确认温度的上升。当 使旋转炉10旋转时，可以使原料基本上向轴向方向移动，在内筒11中， 具有在一个端部侧为低温、在配置燃烧器20的前端部侧为高温的倾向， 原料M通过前进， 一面被燃烧气体的气流N加热， 一面逐渐提高干燥度。
<原料的燃烧>
随着在内筒ll内的前进，原料被加热，在中途变成燃烧状态，当进 一步前进时，直接暴露在燃烧的火焰中燃烧。当将其用图9简略地表示时，内筒11的一个端部側47为干燥过程，中间部48为燃烧、干燥过程，前 端侧49为暴露在燃烧的火焰中的所谓燃烧过程。所以，原料以由温度传 感器等设置的最佳温度燃烧，从内部前端的通过部27向外筒12内连续的 转移。转移到外筒12内的空间S的燃烧物，可以说是在自然状态继续燃 烧。
德匕>
外筒12的空间S，处于通过关闭隔断阀机构35将空气的供应断开 的状态。碳化物的温度变成800'C左右。因此，燃烧物M'緩慢熄灭，然 后一面碳化， 一面作为原料在前述空间S内向相反方向移动。在此期间， 从喷嘴41喷雾的水被加热发生的蒸气，将碳化物活化，进行冷却，作为 活性炭从导出机构37被排出。
此外，作为获取碳化物的一个例子，内筒、即燃烧室的温度大约上 升到300'C-450'C。使用根据本发明的装置，在将温度设定得较低时， 也可以不进行碳化，而例如变成使锯末干燥的装置。
<灭火>
由导出机构37搬运的碳化物，进入灭火部43,在灭火部43,从喷 嘴44以低温（约5。C)供应氮气N2，将作为密闭空间的螺旋输送机39 内部填满，因而，被搬运的碳化物，即使在树枝的节及树根等部分残留有 余烬，在灭火部43内移动的期间内也被积极地灭火，并且利用水冷套45 将其整个冷却，从挡板38、 38排出的碳化物的温度下降到约30〜40'C左 右。这样制造的碳化物，由于采用了喷嘴41，所以，可以作为比表面积 为300 ~ 1000m2/g左右的活性炭使用。氮气N2在外筒空间中将碳化物灭 火，进而向排气部30的方向逆行。
Claims (2)
1. 一种连续碳化方法，其特征在于，在具有双重筒结构的旋转炉中，连续地实施以下过程：使原料沿着从内筒的一端侧起经过外筒到达外部的基本上一定的路径移动，在此期间，在内筒的另外一端侧将原料点火，同时使燃烧持续，然后，在隔断内筒与外筒之间空气供应的空间内，将燃烧熄灭，获得碳化物，通过向获得的碳化物供应水，对碳化物实施活化工艺，制造活性炭，并且利用氮气将获得的活性炭灭火。
2. —种连续碳化装置，该装置包括：由内筒及外筒构成的双重结构、 并且能够围绕筒轴旋转的旋转炉，将原料导入到旋转炉内的导入机构，以 及将在旋转炉中碳化的物质导出的导出机构，其中，被导入到内筒的一端 侧的原料一面借助燃烧器在内筒的另外一端侧燃烧一面移动，移向外筒 内，进而，为了在外筒内将火熄灭，在导出机构上设置将通向外筒内的气 体隔断的阀机构，并且，所述连续碳化装置还包括：在密闭地搬运碳化物 的过程中喷射水的喷嘴，以及作为位于导出机构之后的灭火部进行氮气供 应的喷嘴。
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| CN101020576B (zh) * | 2006-02-13 | 2011-01-12 | 上海正海活性炭有限公司 | 自燃直热回转炉内热型制造活性炭装置及制造方法 |
| KR100843165B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-07-02 | 이왕세 | 가연 유기성 폐기부산물을 이용한 탄화숯의 제조방법 |
| CN103072985B (zh) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-23 | 大连理工大学 | 用于制备高比表面积活性炭的连续碱活化装置及方法 |
| CN103130220B (zh) * | 2013-03-27 | 2017-06-20 | 徐州天正活性炭厂 | 内热式变径活性炭生产转炉 |
| CN103788971B (zh) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-12-23 | 华北电力大学 | 一种辊压式生物质热解多联产的装置与方法 |
| CN105018121B (zh) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-05-17 | 西安科技大学 | 一种煤气、焦油和活性炭的联产系统 |
| CN109650389B (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-11-05 | 太原理工大学 | 一种生产超级电容器用掺氮活性炭的反应炉及工艺 |
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| JP3021387B2 (ja) * | 1997-04-07 | 2000-03-15 | 株式会社エスケーテック | 連続炭化方法及び装置 |
| JP2001098278A (ja) | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Iwate Prefecture | 木材の炭化処理法 |
| JP2001164259A (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-19 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | 炭化炉用消火ボックス |
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| JP2003013069A (ja) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-15 | Daio Paper Corp | 炭化物品の製造方法及び製紙スラッジの処理システム |
| JP2003226513A (ja) | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-12 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 連続式炭化システム |
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| CN1712493A (zh) | 2005-12-28 |
| JP2005350329A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
| KR20050118647A (ko) | 2005-12-19 |
| JP4803973B2 (ja) | 2011-10-26 |
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