CN100513112C - Automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process - Google Patents
Automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process Download PDFInfo
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- CN100513112C CN100513112C CNB2005101013851A CN200510101385A CN100513112C CN 100513112 C CN100513112 C CN 100513112C CN B2005101013851 A CNB2005101013851 A CN B2005101013851A CN 200510101385 A CN200510101385 A CN 200510101385A CN 100513112 C CN100513112 C CN 100513112C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a car and electronic waste plastics regeneration and reutilization process. Said process includes the following steps: (A) decomposing and screening car and electronic wastes to obtain the separated components with plastic component; (B) breaking plastic separated components to obtain the broken material with a certain grain size, making the broken material undergo the process of water-phase oxidation treatment; (C) adding coupling agent and pure thermoplastic plastics, uniformly mixing them; (D) further mixing them to obtain mixed material; and (E) cooling, granulating and injection moulding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and resource and reclaim the field, more particularly, the present invention relates to the recovery technology of a kind of automobile and electron wastes.
Background technology
Sign as the progress of human material progress, the kind of the dynamo-electric goods in the modern society is more and more, quantity is more and more huger, various dynamo-electric goods are greatly expanded and have been extended human locomotive organ, sense organ, even the original function of thinking organs, and, along with development of world economy speed is more and more faster, the update speed of various electronic products is also quickened day by day, the old slightly electronic product of many models is because novel product with better function, cost performance is better eliminated rapidly, and wherein eliminating speed and two very big series products of ratio is exactly automobile and electronic equipment.
Electronic equipment comprises (office automation) equipment, television receiver, computer, air-conditioner, washing machine, refrigerator, computer motherboard, DVR, small-sized sound equipment member, receipts/recorder, vacuum cleaner, hair-dryer, mobile phone etc. and electric heater or the like.Quantity etc. does not exist rubber-plastics material in ground in the most electronic equipment.Rubber-plastics material in the electronic equipment combines separately or with metal/other inorganic material or is combined with each other to reach certain electronics/electrical function, this rubber and plastic/composite metal of printed circuit board (PCB) for example, by this rubber and plastic/composite metal, realize the installation and the electrical connection of various panoramic electronic devices and components ...In addition, the application of complex electronic device in electronic equipment of full rubber and plastic or rubber and plastic/inorganic matter more and more widely.Reasons such as renewal, repairing or circuit board damage owing to various electric equipments have caused a large amount of waste rubber-plastic materials to enter city even rural environmental system, become the serious day by day electronic waste of harm.
Also exist rubber-plastics material in the automobile in a large number.On the one hand, rubber-plastics material combines separately or with metal material or is combined with each other to reach special power function, on the other hand, along with people are more and more higher for functional requirements such as the security performance of automobile, cornering ability, comfort properties, in fact comprised increasing electronic equipment in the automobile, in the conventional method, people only pay close attention to the pure rubber and plastic spare of bulk that reclaims abandoned car, coloured, rare precious metal and iron and steel, and the electronics plastic parts of small-medium sizes such as vehicle electronics, electromechanical equipment is discarded fully.
These automobiles and the air storage of electronic product discarded object or only through simple and easy landfill disposal or simple and easy furnace cupola burn, simple and easy acid leaching extraction processing mode such as metal wherein, to cause rubber and plastic discarded object wherein to become " three wastes " material (waste water,waste gas and industrial residue) that environment is difficult to clear up, environment will be produced secondary pollution and serious day by day destruction.
But, on the other hand, if can carry out effective recycling to the rubber and plastic discarded object in these automobiles and the household appliances discarded object, make it neither in the emptying gas, do not enter in water body, the soil again, so, reduced the burden and the pollution of environment, two can also form a kind of new raw material resources.
At present, comprise the method for thermal cracking recovered oil, gas for technics of reclaim of plastic waste, it comprises again: the fusion channel process, the screw thermal decomposition method, reaction tube evaporimeter method, fluidized-bed reactor method, catalystic pyrolysis etc., wherein, 1. fusion channel process: the employing fuse salt is a heat medium, make waste or used plastics add thermal decomposition, heat steam after the decomposition is condensed into the method for catabolite after by electric precipitator in condenser, this method is used for polyethylene, random polypropylene, polypropylene, polystyrene.2. screw thermal decomposition method: be used for polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, the recovery of polymethyl methacrylate, the key component of this type of device is the screw thermal decomposition reactor.The general external electric that adopts, temperature reaches 500 to 550 degree.Material is used earlier the microwave applicator preheating before entering the screw thermal decomposition reactor.Product is pressed light oil respectively, and heavy oil reclaims.3. reaction tube evaporimeter method: be used for the homogeneous raw material and become the technics of reclaim of plastic waste of aqueous monomer easily, suitable waste or used plastics kind has random polypropylene (APP), polystyrene etc.4. fluidized-bed reactor method: this method can be applicable to: polypropylene, crosslinked polyethylene, polypropylene, multiple plastics such as polyvinyl chloride.5. catalystic pyrolysis: utilize appropriate catalyst to carry out the method for low temperature oiling waste plastics, generally be used for the oiling of single variety plastics, suitable plastics have polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride etc.Therefore: the process of recovered oil, gas mainly adopts the thermoplasticity waste plastic to decompose as raw material, and is powerless for thermosetting rubber and plastic discarded object.
For thermosetting is main or the waste or used plastics that mixes of thermosetting/thermoplasticity, and conventional process is many can only be from wherein reclaiming the energy between molecular link, burns at incinerator by waste or used plastics and decomposes, discharges heat energy and it is used.------burning---heat recovery---smoke evacuation is handled in fragmentation to generally include following steps: waste or used plastics.After though thermoplastic drops into the incinerator of high temperature, a part can very fast fusion also become to decompose or gasification rapidly, carry out gas-phase combustion, but some part can become thermosetting or other waste rubber-plastic thing surface that melt or the slower carbonaceous residue of burning cover not combustion, causes anoxic and aggravates to burn insufficient; Thermosetting plastics heats not fusion, but carries out decomposition combustion and surface combustion, ignition temperature height and burning velocity is slow.When thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics drop into when burning simultaneously, the residual of slower carbonaceous residue of burning and thermosetting plastics taken place and causes the situation of burning and stagnating in regular meeting, has influence on the normal operation of incinerator.Therefore, burn the decomposition method processing and have suitable technology and economic difficulty, in addition, because rubber and plastic discarded object kind difference, waste gas, waste water, the waste residue of discharging belongs to complicated catabolite, also might produce the handling problem of follow-up public hazards, so this burning decomposition method does not have extremely successful commercial operation so far.
Except that said method, adopt hydrolysis and alcoholysis method to reclaim waste plastic in addition (as polyurethane, polyester, Merlon and polyamide etc.) in industrial chemicals (as PEPA), this two method can obtain catabolite uniformly than pyrolysis method, but this two method requires the clean waste material of single variety, in the reality, also is difficult to promote and the commercialization running.
In a word, at present both at home and abroad for the rubber and plastic discarded object in automobile and the electronic product, do not have effectively recovering means and equipment, one of them important reasons is: the thinking of traditional treatment method all is that attempt is decomposed the rubber and plastic discarded object, destroy and is used.As if such method for processing and regenerating relatively meets the idea of the early stage raw material of industry and the set of traditional handicraft, see theoretically to find no fault with, but in fact be difficult to commercial operation.Because, the decomposition point position of rubber and plastic discarded object is various, degree of decomposition is difficult to control, catabolite disperses various, complicated and diversified synthetic will be decomposed again and break up the low molecular state that turns back to relative homogeneous and all be difficult to, all be problematic from thermodynamics angle and environmental angle.So, because traditional processing method can't guarantee to utilize preferably effect, lower processing cost and environmental benefit preferably again, cause handling/utilize poor effect, cost too high, finally cause the scale and benefit and the industrial advantage of processing low excessively, can not get the concern and the support of society, the common people and government's each side, hard to carry on.
In this regard, it is the recovery and molding process that the Chinese patent application file of 200410103098.X discloses a kind of phenol-formaldehyde resin composite waste that the patent No. is arranged, and specifically relates to the recycling of automotive upholstery leftover pieces.It mainly adopts phenol-formaldehyde resin composite waste evenly to be mixed and made into compound through pulverizing adding polypropylene, coupling agent and auxiliary agent, compound is through heating, be incubated to compound and enter molten state, in mould, put glass fabric, again the molten state compound is moved in the mould through mold pressing, obtain the goods finished product behind the cooling demoulding.It is said: the compound waste leftover material convenient sources of the phenolic resins of this technology, production technology is simple, is difficult for causing secondary pollution, helps protecting environment, can realize the utilization again of waste material, turns waste into wealth, and can reduce production costs, and helps increasing economic efficiency; Goods through reclaiming moulding have good performances such as high strength, hear resistance, dimensional stability, creep-resistant property, can be widely used in industries such as electromechanics, boats and ships, aviation, vehicle, civil construction, light industry, weaving and automotive upholstery.
But the scrap feed material that this technology is used is comparatively single, and reconstituted product is necessary in conjunction with adopting glass cloth, injection mo(u)lding at that time, can not be with raw material form production, transportation, storage, so can't satisfy the need at any time of multiple preparation; Therefore, applying of this technology certainly will be subjected to very big restriction, is difficult to form industry size and benefit.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned shortcoming at prior art, the objective of the invention is to provide a kind of automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, this automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process have following advantage: treatable waste rubber-plastic raw material is extensive, reconstituted product can raw material form production, transportation, storage, satisfy the need at any time of multiple preparation, be convenient to form industry size and benefit.
For this reason, technical solution of the present invention is a kind of automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, and this reuse technology comprises the steps: A) to automobile and electron wastes decompose, sorting to be to obtain the separation member of rubber and plastic composition; B) the separation member fragmentation of rubber and plastic is become the particle of certain particle diameter, the gained particle is carried out the safety-type aqueous phase oxidation handle, described safety-type aqueous phase oxidation is handled and is comprised and adopt the stability chlorine dioxide aqueous solution to carry out wetting to described rubber and plastic particle or soak; C) mixing after in the particle that aqueous phase oxidation is handled, adding coupling agent and purer thermoplastic; D) with the mixing material by the further mixing mixing materials that makes of calendering process; E) mixing materials is made the pellet finished product of combination ingredient or directly entered mold injection molding through cooling, granulation.
Technology of the present invention, in the pellet sorting, on the broken basis, only macromolecule is made the unidirectional thinking of resolution process at traditional handicraft, antipodal treatment process is proposed: with the rubber and plastic discarded object of the polymerization state of various complexity as low molecular raw material, safety/nontoxic/harmless oxidation processes is carried out on the rubber and plastic discarded object surface of all polymerization states: appropriate oxidation can generate hydroxyl molecular structure (ROOH) on nearly all organic polymer surface, can change the surface nature of organic polymer, can mould regeneration for waste and old picture and open up a new road, key to the issue is to guarantee to carry out this oxidation under the condition of safety/nontoxic/harmless.Traditional waste disposal dare not imagine to organic matter carry out calmness, it is stable, safe that oxidation---because generally speaking, oxidant is combustion-supporting property because of its oxidisability has, and combustion explosion, toxic and corrosivity are especially all the more so for organic matter.Yet in chemical industry highly developed today, as long as the conscientious screening oxide (for example aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide) that really can find in water stable dissolving, organic matter be carried out safety, stable, nontoxic oxidation, correspondingly control associated process conditions such as concentration, temperature etc., rubber-plastics material various in style is carried out safe oxidation can realize certainly.Then, utilize the oxygen polar group that contains in the coupling agent to combine with the hydroxyl molecule (ROOH) that rubber and plastic discarded object surface generates, and crosslinked the combination takes place with the purer thermoplastic that adds in the nonpolar organic molecule chain in the coupling agent, and the result makes waste rubber-plastic thing pellet mutually combine by purer thermoplastic becomes new grand molecular structure.Because additive is based on thermoplastic, as long as smashing waste rubber and plastic thing pellet is to enough small sizes, can mixing together, granulation under the help of coupling agent, auxiliary agent, produce the regeneration rubber-plastic pellet.This thermoplasticity that the present invention produces is main regeneration rubber-plastic pellet, many fields that can use national economy as required for example: stadiums, hydraulic engineering, building filler, communications and transportation, daily necessities/vessel or the like.And because be the employing oxidation step, guaranteeing under safe, the harmless prerequisite, the rubber-plastics material surface of any kind of all can oxidation generate hydroxyl molecule (ROOH) layer, thereby can be by containing oxygen polar group and initiate plastics generation strong bonded in the coupling agent, but generate the regenerated plastic pellet raw material of the commercial exploitation of sufficient intensity, be convenient to produce, transport, store, can satisfy needing of multiple industry preparation at any time.Because technology of the present invention does not have special requirement for the waste rubber-plastic raw material, wide material sources, therefore, technology of the present invention is convenient to form industry size and benefit.
For the principal advantages of refinement and optimization technology of the present invention, improvement of the present invention also comprises:
Among the described step C, in particle, also be added with processing aid.
Described coupling agent is silane coupler and/or titanate coupling agent; The molecular weight of described coupling agent is 500-40000, and described coupling agent molecule comprises that carbon number is the main chain of 10-500; Described auxiliary agent comprises plasticizer, stabilizing agent.
Described step B comprises following process: described rubber and plastic separation member is carried out preliminary fragmentation, sorting, follow-up fragmentation, pneumatic separating, carry out oxidation, drain at different selection by winnowing particles then; Correspondingly, described step C adds suitable coupling agent, processing aid and purer thermoplastic at different selection by winnowing particles and carries out mixing; Described step D takes the calendering process condition that suits respectively at different mixing materials.
Among the described step C, described particle is 10%-90% with the weight ratio of purer thermoplastic.
Described sorting adopt magnetic force sorting, buoyancy sorting, electrostatic separation, all methods of pneumatic separating wherein one or more.
Described pneumatic separating adopts to have and also carries out humidity regulation and can be successively or carry out electrostatic separation simultaneously in a plurality of differing heights air outlets and the described pneumatic separating process of the adjustable for height vertical pneumatic separator of air outlet
Fragmentation among the described step B comprises adopts the broken and plastic cement chopping of rotary drum, the broken disintegrating machine that the tetrahedroid quartering hammer is housed in the rotary drum that adopts of described rotary drum.
The cooling of described mixing materials, granulation are undertaken by granulation tower and/or steel band condensation comminutor.
Described calendering process adopts kneader and/or mixing and blending machine to carry out.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process blocks schematic diagram of process for regenerating, recovering and reutilizing embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1, be depicted as the process blocks schematic diagram of a kind of automobile of the present invention and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process embodiment.This reuse technology comprises the steps:
A) automobile and electron wastes are decomposed A1, adopt magnetic force sorting, vibration sorting, pneumatic separating A2 successively to decomposing rubber and plastic spare then, obtain the separation member of rubber and plastic composition; Wherein, pneumatic separating adopts and has a plurality of differing heights air outlets and the adjustable for height vertical pneumatic separator of air outlet.
B) described rubber and plastic separation member is carried out preliminary fragmentation, sorting B1, follow-up fragmentation, pneumatic separating B2.Wherein, preliminary broken, follow-up broken adopt rotary drum fragmentation and plastic cement chopping, the broken disintegrating machine that the tetrahedroid quartering hammer is housed in the rotary drum that adopts of described rotary drum; Magnetic force sorting, vibration sorting, electrostatic separation, pneumatic separating are adopted in sorting successively, pneumatic separating among the B2 adopts the vertical selection by winnowing tower with a plurality of differing heights air outlets and electrostatic attraction electrode, also carries out humidity regulation and can be successively or carry out electrostatic separation (being provided with electrostatic attraction electrode in the pneumatic separating tower) simultaneously in the pneumatic separating process among the B2; Different selection by winnowing particles to gained carry out the processing of safety-type aqueous phase oxidation respectively or simultaneously, described safety-type aqueous phase oxidation is handled and is comprised and adopt the stability chlorine dioxide aqueous solution to carry out wetting to the rubber and plastic particle or soak B3, after the selection by winnowing particle is carried out oxidation, drains B4.
C) in the particle of handling through aqueous phase oxidation, add suitable coupling agent, auxiliary agent and purer thermoplastic at different selection by winnowing particles and carry out mixing; Described coupling agent is silane coupler and/or titanate coupling agent; The molecular weight of described coupling agent is 500-40000, and described coupling agent molecule comprises that carbon number is the main chain of 10-500; Described auxiliary agent comprises plasticizer, stabilizing agent.Wherein, described particle is 10%-90% with the weight ratio of purer thermoplastic.
D) adopt kneader and/or mixing and blending machine, at different mixing materials respectively or the consistent calendering process condition that suits taked, the further mixing mixing materials that makes.
E), mixing materials is made the pellet finished product E1 of combination ingredient or directly entered mold injection molding E2 through cooling, granulation by granulation tower and/or steel band condensation comminutor.
The regeneration rubber-plastic pellet strength that makes by above-mentioned technology is fit to vast civil building, daily Products Quality requirement fully, and lower cost.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, this reuse technology comprises the steps: A) to automobile and electron wastes decompose, sorting to be to obtain the separation member of rubber and plastic composition; B) the separation member fragmentation of rubber and plastic is become the particle of certain particle diameter, the gained particle is carried out the safety-type aqueous phase oxidation handle, described safety-type aqueous phase oxidation is handled and is comprised and adopt the stability chlorine dioxide aqueous solution to carry out wetting to described rubber and plastic particle or soak; C) mixing after in the particle that aqueous phase oxidation is handled, adding coupling agent and purer thermoplastic; D) with the mixing material by the further mixing mixing materials that makes of calendering process; E) mixing materials is made the pellet finished product of combination ingredient or directly entered mold injection molding through cooling, granulation.
2, automobile as claimed in claim 1 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: among the described step C, also be added with processing aid in particle.
3, automobile as claimed in claim 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: described coupling agent is silane coupler and/or titanate coupling agent; The molecular weight of described coupling agent is 500-40000, and described coupling agent molecule comprises that carbon number is the main chain of 10-500; Described auxiliary agent comprises plasticizer, stabilizing agent.
4, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, it is characterized in that: described step B comprises following process: described rubber and plastic separation member is carried out preliminary fragmentation, sorting, follow-up fragmentation, pneumatic separating, carry out oxidation, drain at different selection by winnowing particles then; Correspondingly, described step C adds suitable coupling agent, processing aid and purer thermoplastic at different selection by winnowing particles and carries out mixing; Described step D takes the calendering process condition that suits respectively at different mixing materials.
5, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: among the described step C, described particle is 10%-90% with the weight ratio of purer thermoplastic.
6, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: described sorting adopt magnetic force sorting, buoyancy sorting, electrostatic separation, all methods of pneumatic separating wherein one or more.
7, automobile as claimed in claim 6 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, it is characterized in that: described pneumatic separating adopts has a plurality of differing heights air outlets and the adjustable for height vertical pneumatic separator of air outlet, also carries out humidity regulation and can be successively or carry out electrostatic separation simultaneously in the described pneumatic separating process.
8, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process, it is characterized in that: the fragmentation among the described step B comprises adopts the broken and plastic cement chopping of rotary drum, the broken disintegrating machine that the tetrahedroid quartering hammer is housed in the rotary drum that adopts of described rotary drum.
9, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: the cooling of described mixing materials, granulation are undertaken by granulation tower and/or steel band condensation comminutor.
10, automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process is characterized in that: described calendering process adopts kneader and/or mixing and blending machine to carry out.
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| CNB2005101013851A CN100513112C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process |
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| CNB2005101013851A CN100513112C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | Automobile and electronic waste rubber-plastic regenerative reuse process |
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| CN100513112C true CN100513112C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1951654B (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2010-05-12 | 刘畅 | Waste natural fiber thermoplastic composite plate reclamation and regeneration method |
| CN102173007A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-09-07 | 路洪洲 | Method for recycling thermoplastic polypropylene plastic parts of scraped automobile |
| CN104085055A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-10-08 | 湖南万容科技股份有限公司 | Foamed plastic modification device |
| CN104139466A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-11-12 | 江苏东方汽车装饰件总厂 | Technology for processing leftover materials of multilayer oil tank |
| CN104399591B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-09-14 | 青岛理工大学 | Method and device for separating pyrolysis carbon black and ash content of tire |
| CN106863645B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉蓝格包装材料有限公司 | A kind of sound-proof material waste recovery technique |
| CN106750505B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2019-06-21 | 南京工程学院 | Method and device for recycling carbon fiber by thermally activated oxide semiconductor |
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