CN100513011C - Die casting mold and improved vent structure used therein - Google Patents
Die casting mold and improved vent structure used therein Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100513011C CN100513011C CNB2006800002759A CN200680000275A CN100513011C CN 100513011 C CN100513011 C CN 100513011C CN B2006800002759 A CNB2006800002759 A CN B2006800002759A CN 200680000275 A CN200680000275 A CN 200680000275A CN 100513011 C CN100513011 C CN 100513011C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- passing away
- mold member
- die casting
- molten metal
- projection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
- B22D17/145—Venting means therefor
Abstract
A die casting mold includes a resistance member (17) disposed in a vent passage (16) to reduce a flow velocity of molten metal as the molten metal advances along the vent passage. The resistant member comprises a plurality of discrete protrusions (24) arranged in staggered relation to one another in both a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction of the vent passage so as to define therebetween a labyrinthine part (34) extending between an inlet side and an outlet side of the vent passage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improvement to die casting (die casting mold), this die casting has cooling discharge structure (chill vent structure), and this cooling discharge structure makes air and/or gas to overflow from die cavity and prevents that simultaneously when injecting molten metal in the die cavity molten metal from splashing the outside of die casting.
Background of invention
Die casting for example disclosure in the open text (JP-A) of the Japan Patent that is numbered 11-151564 with cooling discharge structure, cooling discharge structure wherein make surplus air and/or gas to discharge effectively and can not cause not that frozen metal liquid spills under pressure when being pressed into molten metal in the die cavity from die cavity.The cooling discharge structure of disclosed die casting is described below with reference to Fig. 7.
As shown in Figure 7, the cooling discharge structure comprises cooling discharge piece 100, and and this cooling discharge piece is discharged body by one half or discharged part 102 and 104 and form, and they are separately fixed on the compression moulded element 101 and 103 of a pair of cooperation.Discharge part 102,104 and have undulatory apparent surface, between the discharge part, limit zigzag passing away (ventpassage) 105 when lumping together module 101,103 with the close pressure casting mould with box lunch.Zigzag passing away 105 is communicated with the die cavity 106 that forms between module 101,103.Because this layout, when being pressed into molten metal in the die cavity 106 under pressure, surplus air in the die cavity 106 and/or gas can be overflowed from passing away 105, and the result makes that frozen metal liquid is not splashed into passing away 105 from die cavity 106.In this example, because zigzag passing away 105 provides long relatively flow path, the not frozen metal liquid that spills is by discharging part 102,104 coolings and solidifying in passing away 105.Like this, can avoid not frozen metal liquid to spill or spray from die casting.
Yet, to discharge bodies or discharge part 102,104 by one and half and form because piece 100 is discharged in cooling, they are separately fixed on the module 101,103 of a pair of cooperation of die casting, and the overall size of die casting is big relatively.And making the discharge part 101,103 with corrugated surface needs high accuracy processing, and this will increase the production cost that piece 100 is discharged in cooling.In addition, when when die casting takes off foundry goods, undulatory discharge part surface is tending towards hindering die casting or foundry goods separates smoothly from module 101,103.And, the vertex angle theta (Fig. 7) of discharging the lip-deep triangle oncus of part when the degree of depth t (Fig. 7) that changes passing away 105 or corrugated with at molten metal when passing away 105 is regulated the flow velocity of molten metal forward the time, should substitute with another discharge part as the discharge part 102,104 of single cooling block the expectation structure.This a pair of discharge part alternative causes high extra cost.
Consider the above-mentioned difficulties of conventional apparatus, expectation provides a kind of die casting with cooling discharge structure, this cooling discharge structure size is relatively little, and is simple in structure and manufacturing expense is low, and can fit together with die casting under overall size that does not increase die casting and condition of cost.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of die casting, comprising: mold member; Movable mold member, can towards with move away from mold member, to limit die cavity when the close pressure casting mould betwixt; Passing away is formed in mold member and the movable mold member in one the mating surface and extends to die cavity and is communicated with, when molten metal is injected die cavity residual gas is overflowed from die cavity; And block piece (resistance member), be arranged in the passing away, when passing away advances, to reduce the flow velocity of molten metal at molten metal, wherein block piece comprises the projection on a plurality of discontinuous vertical and horizontal that are arranged in passing away interlacedly, thereby is limiting the tortuous parts (labyrinthine part) that extend between the entrance side of passing away and outlet side between the described projection.
Because this layout, block piece is arranged in the passing away in the mating surface that is formed on mold member or movable mold member.It is inner and can not increase the overall size of die casting to this means that block piece is arranged on die casting.And because block piece can form by only processing a module, thereby traditional die casting of the cooling discharge piece that forms with a pair of discharge part that has by the pair of modules that is individually fixed in die casting is compared, and the production cost of die casting is low relatively.
Preferably, the mating surface of another in mold member and the movable mold member has the flat part of the top surface adjacency of suitable and projection.Because flat matching surface part can not be clung the material of die casting or foundry goods, can easily take out foundry goods from die casting.
Preferably, the top surface of projection is flat and partly engages with the flat matching surface of another module in plane contact mode (flatways).Because this layout, when mould remains on closure state under predetermined clamping force, stably keep block piece and can not cause the distortion of projection.Like this, during die-casting process, the cross-sectional area of tortuous passing away parts remains unchanged basically, and brings adverse influence can for the quality of die casting or foundry goods.
The tortuous parts of passing away comprise second groove that transversely extends at passing away in vertical upwardly extending first groove of passing away and a plurality of parallel interval of a plurality of parallel interval.Second groove can be darker than first groove, thereby can obtain stopping of expectation when the passing away parts of complications advance at molten metal.
In an optimal way of the present invention, block piece is formed by the separator that is independent of a module on the structure and removably be installed on a module.Block piece comprises the bottom of the similar flat board that is removably installed in a module and is formed on a lip-deep projection of the bottom of similar flat board.
Like this, by preparing plural its projection quantity block piece different, can suitably change block piece according to the die casting of producing or the desired qualities of foundry goods with size.More specifically, because by changing block piece by rights, the flow velocity of molten metal changes along with the cross-sectional area of passing away when passing away advances at molten metal, can be easily the flow velocity of block piece place molten metal be adjusted to the degree that the surplus air of fully discharging in the die cavity and/or gas and surplus air and/or gas can not enter molten metal, and surplus air and/or gas enter molten metal and will additionally cause occurring in die casting or the foundry goods pore etc., thereby reduce quality of castings.Like this, can under the situation that need not long-time adjusting and preparation die casting, obtain the foundry goods of desired qualities.
And, the size and dimension of the bottom by making each block piece and wherein each the size and dimension standardization of holddown groove of constant resistance part, a block piece can be used in combination with a plurality of different moulds, perhaps selectively a plurality of different block pieces can be used in combination with a mould.Owing to this layout, can reduce the maintenance cost of die casting.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of cooling discharge structure that is used for die casting, comprise the bottom of similar flat board; And a plurality of discontinuous projections, be formed on the surface of bottom of similar flat board and arrange interlacedly, so that limit the passing away of curved structure betwixt.
Because curved structure, passing away can provide long relatively flow path and relative big stopping that molten metal is moved at molten metal when passing away advances.Like this, molten metal cools off when its passing away along complications advances and solidifies.Thereby can avoid not frozen metal liquid to spill or spray from die casting undesirably.
Description of drawings
Below will be only in the mode of example, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the vertical cross-section view of expression according to the die casting of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the part of Fig. 1, and it is by 2 expressions of the circle shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram on the direction of arrow shown in Fig. 23;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of block piece shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the view that is similar to Fig. 3, but represented the mode that surplus air in the die cavity and/or gas are partly discharged by the passing away of the complications that form in the block piece;
Fig. 6 A, 6B, 6C and 6D are the sketches that is illustrated in the operating sequence of the die-casting process of carrying out on the die casting; And
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the cooling discharge structure of combination in the traditional die casting of expression.
The specific embodiment
At first referential expression is implemented Fig. 1 of the cross section of die casting 10 of the present invention.Die casting 10 comprise mold member 11 and can towards with the movable mold member 12 that moves away from mold member 11, when close pressure casting mould 10, between mold member and movable mold member, limit die cavity 13.Movable mold member 12 is installed on the die holder 20 of die casting machine.When die casting 10 remained on closure state, the stamping 14 that driving can move back and forth in shot sleeve 15 was pressed into molten metal in the die cavity 13 under pressure, thereby formed die casting or foundry goods 39.
Mold member 11 has the passing away 16 that is formed in its mating surface 26 (Fig. 2).When close die 10, passing away 16 extends to die cavity 13 and is communicated with.Like this, when molten metal was injected die cavity 13, surplus air in the die cavity 13 and/or gas can be overflowed by passing away 16.Cooling is discharged piece (block piece) 17 and is arranged in the passing away 16, to reduce the flow velocity of molten metal at molten metal forward the time along passing away 16.
Because this layout, when under pressure, molten metal being pressed into die cavity 13 and mould 10 and being in closure state, surplus air in the die cavity 13 and/or gas are discharged to the outside of mould 10 by passing away 16 adjoining lands, and passing away comprises that cooling discharges piece 17, valve opening 21 and exhaust passage 22.In this example, drive the external exhaust ventilation device (not shown) continuously, and the opening and closing operations of adjustable ground control air bleeding valve (lift valve) 18, surplus air and/or gas thereby air bleeding valve 18 is at first opened passing away 16 in the die cavity 13 can be overflowed, and close passing away 16 then till molten metal is full of die casting 10.
Fig. 2 represents to be arranged in the passing away 16 and the cross section of the block piece 17 that extends between die cavity 13 and valve opening 21.Block piece 17 removably is connected in the seat 27 that is fixedly mounted in the mold member 11 by bolt 28.Like this, block piece 17 removably is installed on fixture 11.
Because the part of the mating surface 26 of movable mold member 12 is flat, this part contacts with the top surface 25 of projection 24, when from mould 10, taking off die casting 39 (Fig. 1), the mating surface part that spills the impossible collision of part movable mold member 12 of the molten metal that in passing away 16, solidifies.Therefore can successfully from mould 10, take off die casting 39.
In illustrated embodiment, block piece 17 is installed in the mold member 11, mold member have be arranged in the passing away 16 and its top surface 25 in the face of the projection 24 of movable mold member 12.As selection, block piece 17 can be installed in the movable mold member 12.In the situation of back, movable mold member 12 has the passing away that is formed in the mating surface 26, is used for holding the projection 24 of block piece 14 within it, and projection has the top surface 25 in the face of mold member 11.
Fig. 3 represents block piece 17, and it is installed on seat 27, has for the sake of clarity omitted air bleeding valve (lift valve) 18 and valve rod 19.Seat 27 is combined in the mold member 11 regularly, thereby the front surface of seat 27 forms the part of the mating surface 26 of mold member 11, forms passing away 16 in this part.Passing away 16 includes oral-lateral part 31, outlet side part 32L, 32R, 33L, 33R, and be arranged on core 34 between entrance side part 31 and outlet side part 32L, 32R, 33L, the 33R.Entrance side part 31 1 ends (upstream extremity) of passing away 16 are connected in die cavity 12 (Fig. 2), and the other end (downstream) is connected in core 34.The outlet side part 32L of passing away 16,32R, 33L, 33R comprise a plurality of (being four in the illustrated embodiment) is connected in longitudinal passage 32L, the 32R of core 34 and two downstream and valve opening 21 interconnected cross walkway 33L, 33R that make longitudinal passage 32L, 32R at upstream extremity.The core 34 of passing away 16 has the curved structure on the vertical and horizontal that are arranged in passing away 16 that form between a plurality of projections 24 interlacedly.The block piece 17 that forms the core 34 of passing away 16 has two chip architectures, comprises identical left stop portions 17L and the right stop portions 17R of structure that is arranged side by side.Obviously, block piece 17 can have a chip architecture (one-piece structure) that is formed by the unitary piece of metal piece.
As shown in Figure 4, the projection 24 that forms on the front surface of the bottom 23 of similar flat board is separated by the longitudinal fluting 34a of a plurality of parallel interval and the transverse concave groove 34b of a plurality of parallel interval, and these grooves form the central module or the part 34 of the complications of passing aways 16.Longitudinal fluting 34a limits between projection 24, and transverse concave groove 34b forms in the front surface of bottom 23.Like this, transverse concave groove 34b makes deeplyer than longitudinal fluting 34a, thereby can produce stopping of expectation forward the time along the core 34 of passing away 16 at molten metal.Transverse concave groove 34b suitably can have the identical degree of depth with transverse concave groove 34b.
As previously mentioned, block piece 17 removably is installed on mold member 11.Therefore, by arranging plural its projection quantity block piece different, can suitably change block piece 17 according to the die casting of producing or the desired qualities of foundry goods with size.More specifically, because molten metal along passing away 16 forward the time flow velocity of molten metal change along with the cross-sectional area of passing away 16, by changing block piece by rights, the flow velocity of the molten metal at passing away 16 cores 34 places can be adjusted to the degree that molten metal was fully discharged and can not be entered to the surplus air that makes in the die cavity and/or gas, will cause pore etc. occurring in die casting or the foundry goods and surplus air and/or gas enter molten metal.Like this, can under the situation that need not long-time adjusting and preparation die casting, obtain the foundry goods of desired qualities.
And, the size and dimension of the bottom 23 by making each block piece 17 and the size and dimension standardization of each holddown groove of 27 35 (Fig. 2), a block piece 17 can be used in combination with a plurality of different moulds, perhaps, a plurality of different block pieces can be used in combination with a mould.Because this layout can be avoided the increase of die casting size, and can reduce the maintenance cost of die casting.
As previously mentioned, the projection 24 of block piece 17 is arranged on the vertical and horizontal of passing away 16 interlacedly, thereby limits the passing away parts 34 of the complications of extending between the entrance side of passing away 16 and outlet side.Therefore, the surplus air in discharging die cavity 13 and/can be during gas from the not frozen metal liquid that die cavity 13 (Fig. 2) spills, will be along the passing away parts 34 of complications forward with the form of zigzag or complications, arrow X as shown in FIG. 5 represents.During this period, because the molten metal strikes projection also enters transverse concave groove 34b, flow velocity with molten metal is reduced to such degree effectively, makes molten metal be cooled off and be solidified before its arrives the passing away downstream that air bleeding valve (lift valve) 18 is set by the mating surface 26 of block piece 17 and movable mold member 12.
The die-casting process of carrying out in conjunction with the die casting machine of the die casting 10 of aforementioned structure by in it is described below with reference to Fig. 6 A to 6D.
As shown in Figure 6A, the operation die casting machine makes movable mold member 12 move towards mold member 11, thus close die 10, and form die cavity 13 within it.With predetermined thrust mould 10 is remained under this closure state.In this example, cylinder 15 is filled with molten metal 39.Exhaust passage 22 is connected in the exhaust ventilator (not shown) that is arranged on mould 10 outsides.Normally drive exhaust ventilator when moving die casting machine, to carry out exhaust continuously.
Then, drive stamping 14, low speed ground is pressed into molten metal 39 or injects die cavity 13, as shown in Fig. 6 B.In this example, open the air bleeding valve 18 (Fig. 1) that is arranged on passing away 16 downstream, thereby surplus air in the die cavity and/or gas adjoining land are discharged to the outside of mould 10, arrow " a " expression as shown in Fig. 6 B by the passing away 16 that comprises block piece 17, valve opening 21 and exhaust passage 22.
Subsequently, the pace of stamping 14 becomes at a high speed from low speed, then inject die cavity 13 with the molten metal 39 that will remain on cylinder 15 inside at a high speed, thus be filled with molten metal 39 in the die cavity 13, as shown in Fig. 6 C.Plunger speeds is determined by test.When plunger speeds rises, close air bleeding valve 18 (Fig. 1), thereby block the connection between passing away 16 and the exhaust passage 22.
Then, mobile backward movable mold member 12 makes it away from mold member 11, takes off die casting or foundry goods 41 from mould 10, as shown in Fig. 6 D.The single cycling of die-casting process has been finished like this.
So illustrate, the block piece 17 that comprises a plurality of discontinuous projections 24 (Fig. 2) is arranged in the passing away 16 in the mating surface 26 that is formed at mold member 11, so that stop or hinder moving smoothly of molten metal, thereby reduce the flow velocity of molten metal forward the time along passing away 16 at molten metal.Block piece 17 is arranged in the die casting 10 and therefore can increase the overall size of mould 10.And, because tortuous passing away parts 34 (Fig. 4) are formed between the projection 24 of block piece 17, reduced widely along the speed of passing away 34 molten metal forward of complications.This means needs the long relatively time of cost to fill such passing away parts 34 with molten metal, consequently can be fully the surplus air in the die cavity 13 and/or gas be discharged to (comprising air and/or gas in the molten metal) outside of mould 10.In addition, molten metal along the passing away parts 34 of complications forward the time mating surface 26 (Fig. 2) by block piece 17 and movable mold member 12 obtain cooling effectively, and before molten metal arrives junction between passing away 16 and the valve opening 21 (Fig. 2), solidify.
In illustrated embodiment, the block piece 17 with projection 24 of a plurality of discontinuous interlaced layouts is combined in the mold member 11, and as the single parts that are independent of mold member 11 on the structure.The present invention is in no way limited to illustrated layout, but can comprise wherein discontinuous projection 24 and mold member 11 integrally formed distortion.In the situation of back,, can produce block piece 17 with the cost that reduces because block piece 17 can only form by the mating surface 26 of processing mold member 11.Block piece 17 can be combined in the movable mold member 12, and in this example, passing away 16 is formed in the mating surface 26 of movable mold member 12.
When close pressure casting mould 10, the top surface 25 of the projection 24 of block piece 17 and the matching surface of movable mold member are in contact with one another.In this example, because the top surface 25 of projection 24 is flat, therefore big relatively contact area with respect to the flat mating surface 26 of movable mold member 12 can be provided, can stably keep block piece 17 and can not cause the distortion of projection 24, the distortion that projection occurs to be owing to put on different the causing of clamping force of mold member 11 and movable mold member 12.Like this, during die-casting process, the cross-sectional area of the passing away parts 34 of block piece 17 remains unchanged basically, and brings adverse influence can for the quality of die casting or foundry goods.
Industrial usability
Because layout described so far, the present invention can be advantageously used for the mould of synthetic resin molding processing Tool.
Claims (8)
1. die casting comprises:
Mold member;
Movable mold member, can towards with move away from mold member, to limit die cavity when the close pressure casting mould betwixt;
Passing away is formed in mold member and the movable mold member in one the mating surface and extends to die cavity and is communicated with, when molten metal is injected die cavity residual gas is overflowed from die cavity; And
Block piece, be arranged in the passing away, when passing away advances, to reduce the flow velocity of molten metal at molten metal, wherein block piece comprises the projection on a plurality of discontinuous vertical and horizontal that are arranged in passing away interlacedly, thereby is limiting the tortuous parts that extend between the entrance side of passing away and outlet side between the described projection.
2. die casting as claimed in claim 1, another in wherein said mold member and the movable mold member have the mating surface that comprises flat part, and this flat part is fit to the top surface adjacency with projection.
3. die casting as claimed in claim 2, the top surface of wherein said projection are flat and partly engage with the flat matching surface of another module in the plane contact mode.
4. die casting as claimed in claim 1, the tortuous parts of wherein said passing away comprise second groove that transversely extends at passing away in vertical upwardly extending first groove of passing away and a plurality of parallel interval of a plurality of parallel interval, and second groove is darker than first groove.
5. die casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein said block piece is formed by the separator that is independent of a module on the structure and removably be installed on this module, and block piece comprises the bottom of the similar flat board that is removably installed in this module and is formed on a lip-deep projection of the bottom of similar flat board.
6. cooling discharge structure that is used for die casting comprises:
The bottom of similar flat board; And
A plurality of discontinuous projections are formed on the surface of bottom of similar flat board and arrange interlacedly, so that limit the passing away of curved structure betwixt.
7. cooling discharge structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein said projection has flat top surface.
8. cooling discharge structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein said passing away comprises second groove that transversely extends at passing away in vertical upwardly extending first groove of passing away and a plurality of parallel interval of a plurality of parallel interval, and second groove is darker than first groove.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005031054A JP2006212697A (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2005-02-07 | Die for die casting |
| JP031054/2005 | 2005-02-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1956812A CN1956812A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
| CN100513011C true CN100513011C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Family
ID=36226540
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006800002759A Expired - Fee Related CN100513011C (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-01-31 | Die casting mold and improved vent structure used therein |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080264597A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2006212697A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100513011C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2561891A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2437065B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006082947A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5041913B2 (en) * | 2007-08-14 | 2012-10-03 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Chill vent |
| US11148194B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2021-10-19 | Adolf Hetke | Casting system |
| US10933465B2 (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2021-03-02 | Adolf Hetke | Casting system |
| SE543801C2 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-07-27 | Pa Invest Ab | Tool and method for casting components from cast metal |
| CN115519092A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-27 | 南通喆丰机器人有限公司 | Aluminum casting die-casting die |
| CN117123757B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-02-27 | 宁波遵航汽车零部件有限公司 | Ultralow-speed die casting die for automobile air conditioner compressor impeller |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3964538A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1976-06-22 | Lucille E. Noordhof | Core box mounting plates in a shell core machine |
| JP3423873B2 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 2003-07-07 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Chill vent |
| IT1310052B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2002-02-05 | Unitecno S R L | AIR AND GAS EVACUATION CONTROL DEVICE FROM DIE-PRINTERS. |
-
2005
- 2005-02-07 JP JP2005031054A patent/JP2006212697A/en active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-01-31 CA CA002561891A patent/CA2561891A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-31 GB GB0619837A patent/GB2437065B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-31 WO PCT/JP2006/301927 patent/WO2006082947A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-01-31 US US11/569,141 patent/US20080264597A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-31 CN CNB2006800002759A patent/CN100513011C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2561891A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
| GB0619837D0 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
| JP2006212697A (en) | 2006-08-17 |
| GB2437065B (en) | 2009-04-08 |
| CN1956812A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
| GB2437065A (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| US20080264597A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
| WO2006082947A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20090715 Termination date: 20110131 |