CN100497886C - Coal mining process including prop type mining and prop recovery - Google Patents
Coal mining process including prop type mining and prop recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN100497886C CN100497886C CNB2006100849610A CN200610084961A CN100497886C CN 100497886 C CN100497886 C CN 100497886C CN B2006100849610 A CNB2006100849610 A CN B2006100849610A CN 200610084961 A CN200610084961 A CN 200610084961A CN 100497886 C CN100497886 C CN 100497886C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one coal mining process includes the following steps: mounting rock bolt; mounting pit prop; coal falling; re-mounting rock bolt; filling coal and transporting coal; and prop pulling, caving roof and breaking coal pillar. The coal mining process has the advantages of production safety, being reasonable and economic, high coal recovery rate, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of coal winning technology, especially relate to the coal winning technology that coal column is reclaimed in a kind of pillar-and-panel work.
Background technology:
Regional underground coal resource reserve such as Yulin, Erdos is abundant, and condition of coal seam occurrence is superior, bury shallow, monoclinal structure, inclination angle 1-3 degree, wide slow undulation, tomography, fold agensis in the zone belong to the simple structure district.The coal seam is stable, and ature of coal is good, and gas bearing capacity is low, and water yield is little.But,, adopt room formula coal-mining method at present owing to multiple reasons such as production technique and fund inputs, cause the resource serious waste, coal recovery rate extremely low (32%-38%) is in order to save the national resources waste, turn waste into wealth, benefit the nation and the people, the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in special invention pillar-and-panel work.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of a kind of pillar-and-panel work that remaining coal column in the present colliery fully can be reclaimed to reclaim the coal winning technology of coal column.
Purpose of the present invention is implemented by following technical scheme: the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in pillar-and-panel work, and it includes following steps:
(1), beats anchor pole; (2), beat pillar; (3), coal breakage; (4), beat anchor pole again; (5), coaling, transport coal; (6), prop drawing, caving and broken coal column; Wherein
(1), beats anchor pole: at first beat anchor pole on the top board in the tunnel of having exploited;
(2), beat pillar: in the middle of having beaten the tunnel of anchor pole, beat pillar;
(3), coal breakage: remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage;
(4), beat anchor pole again: remaining coal column is carried out on the coal breakage new exposed top board afterwards beaten anchor pole again;
(5), coaling, transport coal; With loader the coal that falls is loaded onto car, transport work plane to ground;
(6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column: the pillar that will beat reclaims, caving coal and broken coal column.
Described step (6) includes following steps: (a) the described pillar of having beaten is reclaimed; When (b) thickness in coal seam surpasses 0.3 meter on the described bordroom top board, can go up shipment coal machinery, reclaim, when protecting the top coal, in the middle of next row's coal column of preparing to exploit, beat the emergency exit and carry out coal blasting protecting the top coal above 3 meters to protecting the top coal; (C), coaling, transport coal: after having put the top coal, shipment coal machinery begins to enter in the bordroom that first row has coal column transports dress, is prohibited from entering the operation of caving district.
Described step (6) includes following steps: (a) the described pillar of having beaten is reclaimed; (b) protect the top coal less than 0.3 meter, or do not possess carrier loader, directly carry out the caving coal, simultaneously remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage.
The described anchor pole of beating is that roof-bolter is beaten anchor pole or manually beaten anchor pole.
Ranks spacing between per two described anchor poles is no more than 2.0m, and the length of described anchor pole is 1.5-2.2m, and described bolt diameter is not less than 0.16m.
The described pillar of beating is for to make metal mainstay or to beat wooden prop.
The diameter of described wooden prop is not less than 0.12m, and the post of described per two wooden props is apart from being not more than 1m; Or the post of described per two metal mainstays is apart from being not more than 0.6m.
Described coal breakage is coal blasting or mechanical coal breakage.
Described coalingging coaling for people's frock coal or machinery; The fortune coal is agricultural vehicle or machinery fortune coal.
Described prop drawing is artificial prop drawing or mechanical prop drawing.
The invention has the advantages that: (1) production safety: relatively coal wall (remove to combine and adopt), the present invention can avoid roof fall, fall post, machinery accident such as hurt sb.'s feelings.Than coal wall (remove to combine and adopt) safety factor height.(2) economical rationality: relative longwall system, the equipment of this coal-mining method (electrical distribution system, transportation system, face timbering) less investment, skilled worker is few, and output is many, the efficiency height.(3) coal recovery rate height: compare with room mining, coal recovery rate can improve about 40%, and working section recovery reaches more than 75%.Be not less than the rate of extraction of coal wall.(4) control spontaneous fire: handle the goaf owing to carry out whole caving methods, protect top coal and float coal all pile things on played the effect of air-isolation down below, can control spontaneous fire.(5) disaster of minimizing pernicious gas: the mine in superficial part coal seam, because carrying out the method for all striding, the goaf handles, and local and ground connects, and forms the nature ventilating shaft, constitutes natural ventilation, and pernicious gas just can be discharged work plane without mechanical ventilation.(6) prevent the large tracts of land roof fall: handle the goaf owing to carry out whole caving methods,, top board has been carried out the pressure release, therefore the large tracts of land roof fall can not occur along with work plane is pushed ahead.Adopt this coal-getter's artistic skill to reclaim remaining coal column, turn waste into wealth, benefit the nation and the people.
Applicable elements:
(1), mining depth is more shallow, generally be no more than 200 meters dark.
(2), the coal seam of stable roof.
(3), the inclination angle 10 the degree below, be preferably horizontal coal seam.
(4), negative is more smooth, not too soft, and top board does not have trickle.
(5), present low gas coal seam, preferably spontaneous fire not.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a work plane general layout plan of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the 1-1 sectional drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the 2-2 sectional drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the 3-3 sectional drawing of Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: the coal mining geology overview is as follows: average 8 meters of coal seam thickness, 3.2 meters of mining heights; Horizontal coal seam; Present low gas; Immediate roof is chiltern mud stone, arenaceous shale; No false roof and Lao Ding; No trickle.
The coal winning technology that coal column is reclaimed in pillar-and-panel work includes following steps:
(1), beats anchor pole; (2), beat pillar; (3), coal breakage; (4), beat anchor pole again; (5), coaling, transport coal; (6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column; Wherein
(1), beats anchor pole: at first beat anchor pole on the top board in the tunnel of having exploited; Beating anchor pole is manually to beat anchor pole.Ranks spacing 2.0m between per two anchor poles, the length of anchor pole is 1.5m, bolt diameter 0.16m.
(2), beat pillar: in the middle of having beaten the tunnel of anchor pole, beat pillar; Beat pillar for beating wooden prop.The diameter 0.18m of wooden prop, and the post of per two wooden props is apart from 1m;
(3), coal breakage: remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage; Coal breakage is a coal blasting.Coal blasting: at first tap, use the coal column perforating of electric coal drill then to the bordroom both sides, dark 2.0 meters of eye, direction and rib angle 10-20 degree, are blown out at powder charge, on line.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4.
(4), beat anchor pole again: remaining coal column is carried out on the coal breakage new exposed top board afterwards beaten anchor pole again; Beating anchor pole is manually to beat anchor pole.Ranks spacing between per two anchor poles is 2.0m, and the length of anchor pole is 1.5m, bolt diameter 0.16m.
(5), coaling, transport coal; With loader the coal that falls is loaded onto agricultural vehicle, transport work plane to ground;
(6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column; (a) the described pillar of having beaten is reclaimed; (b) thickness in coal seam is 4.8 meters on the described bordroom top board, on load and transport coal machinery, reclaim protecting the top coal, carry out coal blasting to protecting the top coal preparing to beat the emergency exit in the middle of next row's coal column of exploitation; (C) coal is coaling, transported to machinery; After having put the top coal, shipment coal machinery begins to enter in the bordroom that first row has coal column transports dress, is prohibited from entering the operation of caving district.
Embodiment 2: the coal mining geology overview: average 2.2 meters of coal seam thickness, 2.2 meters of mining heights; Horizontal coal seam; Present low gas; Immediate roof is hard sandstone, arenaceous shale; No false roof; No trickle.
The coal winning technology that coal column is reclaimed in pillar-and-panel work includes following steps:
(1), beats anchor pole; (2), beat pillar; (3), coal breakage; (4), beat anchor pole again; (5), coaling, transport coal; (6), prop drawing, caving and broken coal column;
(1), beats anchor pole: at first beat anchor pole on the top board in the tunnel of having exploited; Beating anchor pole is that roof-bolter is beaten anchor pole.Ranks spacing .1.0m between per two anchor poles, the length of anchor pole is 2.2m, bolt diameter 0.18m.
(2), beat pillar: in the middle of having beaten the tunnel of anchor pole, beat pillar; Beat pillar for beating the metal friction pillar.The post of per two metal friction pillars is apart from 0.6m.
(3), coal breakage: remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage; Coal breakage is a coal blasting.Coal blasting: at first tap, use the coal column perforating of electric coal drill then to the bordroom both sides, dark 2.0 meters of eye, direction and rib angle 10-20 degree, are blown out at powder charge, on line.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4.
(4), beat anchor pole again: remaining coal column is carried out on the coal breakage new exposed top board afterwards beaten anchor pole again; Beating anchor pole is manually to beat anchor pole.Ranks spacing between per two anchor poles is 1.0m, and the length of anchor pole is 2.2m, bolt diameter 0.18m.
(5), coaling, transport coal; With manually the coal that falls being loaded onto agricultural vehicle, transport work plane to ground;
(6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column; The pillar of having beaten is reclaimed, and prop drawing is artificial prop drawing; The artificial caving of forcing is carried out in the goaf.
Embodiment 3: the coal mining geology overview: average 4.2 meters of coal seam thickness, 3.8 meters of mining heights; Horizontal coal seam; Present low gas; Immediate roof is chiltern mud stone, arenaceous shale; Old top is arranged; No trickle.
The coal winning technology that coal column is reclaimed in pillar-and-panel work includes following steps:
(1), beats anchor pole; (2), beat pillar; (3), coal breakage; (4), beat anchor pole again; (5), coaling, transport coal; (6) prop drawing, caving and broken coal column; Wherein
(1), beats anchor pole: at first beat anchor pole on the top board in the tunnel of having exploited; Beating anchor pole is that roof-bolter is beaten anchor pole.Ranks spacing 1.5m between per two anchor poles, the length of anchor pole is 1.8m, bolt diameter 0.16m.
(2), beat pillar: in the middle of having beaten the tunnel of anchor pole, beat pillar; Beat pillar for beating wooden prop.The diameter 0.12m of wooden prop, and the post of per two wooden props is apart from 0.5m;
(3), coal breakage: remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage; Coal breakage is a coal blasting.Coal blasting: at first tap, use the coal column perforating of electric coal drill then to the bordroom both sides, dark 2.0 meters of eye, direction and rib angle 10-20 degree, are blown out at powder charge, on line.As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4.
(4), beat anchor pole again: remaining coal column is carried out on the coal breakage new exposed top board afterwards beaten anchor pole again; Beating anchor pole is manually to beat anchor pole.Ranks spacing between per two anchor poles is 1.5m, and the length of anchor pole is 2.0m, bolt diameter 0.16m.
(5), coaling, transport coal; With loader the coal that falls is loaded onto agricultural vehicle, transport work plane to ground;
(6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column; The pillar of having beaten is reclaimed, and prop drawing is artificial prop drawing; The artificial caving of forcing is carried out in the goaf.
Claims (10)
1, the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in a kind of pillar-and-panel work, it is characterized in that it includes following steps:
(1), beats anchor pole; (2), beat pillar; (3), coal breakage; (4), beat anchor pole again; (5), coaling, transport coal; (6), prop drawing, caving and broken coal column; Wherein
(1), beats anchor pole: at first beat anchor pole on the top board in the tunnel of having exploited;
(2), beat pillar: in the middle of having beaten the tunnel of anchor pole, beat pillar;
(3), coal breakage: remaining coal column is carried out coal breakage;
(4), beat anchor pole again: remaining coal column is carried out on the coal breakage new exposed top board afterwards beaten anchor pole again;
(5), coaling, transport coal; With loader the coal that falls is loaded onto car, transport work plane to ground;
(6), prop drawing, caving coal and broken coal column: the pillar that will beat reclaims, caving coal and broken coal column.
2, the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in a kind of pillar-and-panel work according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (6) includes following steps: (a) the described pillar of having beaten is reclaimed; When (b) thickness in coal seam surpasses 0.3 meter on the described bordroom top board, on load and transport coal machinery, reclaim protecting the top coal, when protecting the top coal and surpassing 3 meters, carry out coal blasting to protecting the top coal preparing to beat the emergency exit in the middle of next row's coal column of exploitation; (C), coaling, transport coal: after having put the top coal, shipment coal machinery begins to enter in the bordroom that first row has coal column transports dress, is prohibited from entering the operation of caving district.
3, the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in a kind of pillar-and-panel work according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described step (6) includes following steps: (a) the described pillar of having beaten is reclaimed; (b) when protecting the top coal, or when not possessing carrier loader, will carry out the caving coal, and remaining coal column will be carried out coal breakage less than 0.3 meter.
4, according to the coal winning technology of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works recovery coal columns, it is characterized in that the described anchor pole of beating is that roof-bolter is beaten anchor pole or manually beaten anchor pole.
5, reclaim the coal winning technology of coal columns according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works, it is characterized in that, ranks spacing between per two described anchor poles is no more than 2.0m, and the length of described anchor pole is 1.5-2.2m, and described bolt diameter is not less than 0.16m.
6, according to the coal winning technology of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works recovery coal columns, it is characterized in that the described pillar of beating is for to make metal mainstay or to beat wooden prop.
7, the coal winning technology of coal column is reclaimed in a kind of pillar-and-panel work according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the diameter of described wooden prop is not less than 0.18m, and the post of described per two wooden props is apart from being not more than 1m; Or the post of described per two metal mainstays is apart from being not more than 0.6m.
8, according to the coal winning technology of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works recovery coal columns, it is characterized in that described coal breakage is coal blasting or mechanical coal breakage.
9, reclaim the coal winning technology of coal columns according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works, it is characterized in that, described coalingging coaling for people's frock coal or machinery; The fortune coal is agricultural vehicle or machinery fortune coal.
10, according to the coal winning technology of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of pillar-and-panel works recovery coal columns, it is characterized in that described prop drawing is artificial prop drawing or mechanical prop drawing.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100554642C (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-10-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method of long-wall integrated-extraction reclaiming room-type coal column mining |
| CL2008003560A1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-05-04 | Corporacion Nac Del Cobre De Chile | Method for the continuous extraction of mineral in underground works, destined for the permanent production of extraction from the points of exploitation, includes building exploitation galleries, in which the center defined by a group of galleries crosses a street to transport ore, and preconditioning of rock. |
| CN101858216B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-05-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for recovering stagnant coal pillars left by breast type coal mining method |
| CN101839134B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for recovering irregular stagnant coal pillars left by room coal mining method |
| CN102852524B (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-10-22 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for utilizing hydraulic support to improve bauxite recovery rate |
| CN111005724B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-01-12 | 南华大学 | Method for stoping residual ores on top and bottom plates of slowly-inclined goaf |
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