CN100494104C - Helical self-circulating bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral self-circulation bioreactor. It has a reactor body and a bracket. The reactor body is equipped with a plug flow reaction chamber and a baffle plate sedimentation chamber; the bottom and center of the plug flow reaction chamber are respectively equipped with a first mud discharge pipe and a return pipe, with the return pipe as the axis There are multi-layer spiral plates, and the bottom of the spiral plate is equipped with a water inlet pipe; the lower end of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber is an outer cylindrical expanding pipe; The inlet of the plate sedimentation chamber is a gas-liquid riser, and the other end of the gas-liquid riser is connected to the top of the push flow reaction chamber; the outlet of the baffle sedimentation chamber is provided with an overflow weir and an outlet pipe; the upper end of the baffle sedimentation chamber is a flange cover, An exhaust pipe is arranged in the center of the flange cover. The invention effectively curbs short flow and gas surge; adjusts acid-base and matrix balance; improves sedimentation performance; has high volume load, volume conversion efficiency and volume gas production efficiency, and has resistance to matrix and hydraulic load impact ability.

Description

Spiral self-circulating bioreactor

technical field

The invention relates to a spiral self-circulation bioreactor.

Background technique

Anaerobic biological treatment technology is the process of converting organic pollutants into biogas by using the metabolism of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions, so as to purify sewage. Compared with aerobic biological treatment, anaerobic biological treatment has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low sludge output, and the ability to recover clean energy (biogas). It is one of the effective means to realize circular economy and has broad application prospects.

With the deepening of people's understanding of anaerobic biological processes and the popularization of the application of anaerobic biological treatment technology, anaerobic bioreactors have also been better developed. So far, anaerobic bioreactors have been developed to the third generation of high-efficiency reactors represented by anaerobic granular sludge expanded bed (EGSB) and anaerobic internal circulation reactor (IC). Their characteristics are: high sludge activity, high operating load, good mud-water contact, and good mass transfer effect. However, the third-generation reactor also has its inherent serious shortcomings of short flow, which limits the further improvement of reactor conversion efficiency and effluent quality. Due to the high volume load of the high-efficiency reactor, its volumetric gas production rate is also high, and the biogas produced will strongly agitate the activated sludge (including granular sludge), resulting in a large amount of activated sludge being washed out of the reactor. If the sludge growth rate is lower than the sludge loss rate, the reactor will eventually fail. In addition, the high volumetric gas production rate will also generate a large number of short flows, which will affect the substrate conversion.

Aiming at the above-mentioned defects of the third-generation anaerobic bioreactor, the present invention attempts to extend the process by setting a spiral plate channel, so that the mud-water mixture flows along the channel in a flat push-flow manner, strengthens the treatment efficiency of the reactor, and effectively curbs the short-flow phenomenon ; At the same time, through the action of baffle plate precipitation, gas-liquid riser and return pipe, the sludge is forced to reflux, recover part of the alkalinity, neutralize the acidity formed in the acid production stage, and adjust the acid-base balance. Tests have proved that the spiral self-circulation developed accordingly has good anaerobic treatment efficiency and high operation stability.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiral self-circulation bioreactor.

It has a reactor body and a bracket. The reactor body is equipped with a plug flow reaction chamber and a baffle plate sedimentation chamber from bottom to top; a first mud discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the plug flow reaction chamber, and a There is a second row of mud pipes, a return pipe is provided in the center of the push flow reaction chamber, and a multi-layer spiral plate is arranged from bottom to top with the return pipe as the axis, and a water inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the spiral plate; the lower end of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber is the outer Cylinder expander, the middle of the outer cylinder expander is provided with a third row of mud pipes, the outer cylinder expander is fixed on the upper end of the reaction chamber cylinder, the bottom of the outer cylinder expander is connected with the top of the return pipe; folding The center of the baffle settling chamber is equipped with a plurality of baffles staggered in height and vertically parallel, and a fourth mud discharge pipe is arranged between each baffle along the water level line; the entrance of the baffle settling chamber is one end of the gas-liquid riser , the other end of the gas-liquid riser is connected to the top of the push flow reaction chamber; the outlet of the baffle sedimentation chamber is provided with an overflow weir and an outlet pipe; the upper end of the baffle sedimentation chamber is a flange cover, and the center of the flange cover is provided with an exhaust pipe .

The plug flow reaction chamber is cylindrical, the height-to-diameter ratio of the plug flow reaction chamber is 4 to 10:1, the ratio of the diameter of the plug flow reaction chamber to the pitch of the spiral plate is 1:2 to 5, and the plug flow reaction chamber is 1:2 to 5. The ratio of the cross-sectional area S ₁ of the reaction chamber to the maximum cross-sectional area S ₂ of the baffle plate precipitation chamber is 1:1~4, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the plug flow reaction chamber to the return pipe is 16~25:1. The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S3 of the flow reaction chamber to the flow riser is 16-25:1. The ratio of the volume of the baffle settling chamber to the total volume of the reactor body is 1-2:5, the number of baffles is 3-6 pieces, the odd-numbered baffles are 5-20cm higher than the water level line, and the even-numbered baffles are lower The depth at the water level is 10%-30% of the diameter of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber. The angle α between the expander of the outer cylinder and the reference horizontal plane is 50°-70°, and the angle β between the gas-liquid riser and the reference horizontal plane is 50°-70°.

Advantages of the present invention: 1) The spiral plate structure, on the one hand, greatly prolongs the muddy water flow in the reaction chamber (realizing the separation of the effective height-to-diameter ratio and the actual reactor height-to-diameter ratio), making it under the action of the biogas produced It is a flat push flow, which effectively curbs the short flow phenomenon; on the other hand, it plays the role of supporting the upper sludge, reducing the direct extrusion between the upper and lower sludge, helping the escape of biogas and preventing gas surge In addition, due to the gas produced by the sludge, there is a vertical gas stirring effect between the spiral plates, which promotes the mass transfer between the mud and water and strengthens the degradation of the matrix. 2) The gas-liquid riser and the return pipe run through the reaction zone and the sedimentation zone of the reactor. Under the action of the biogas produced, negative pressure suction is generated on the bottom of the return pipe, which can accelerate the separation of mud and water in the sedimentation chamber at the upper part of the return pipe. Can force liquid circulation. On the one hand, the circulating liquid flow can adjust the acid-base balance in the reaction chamber to prevent local over-acid or over-alkaline; 3) The baffle plate settling area prolongs the muddy water flow and increases the settling time. At the same time, the mutual interference between the baffle plates is small, which can buffer hydraulic fluctuations and has a strong ability to resist hydraulic load (flow) impact, making Mud, water and gas are effectively separated to ensure the quality of the effluent. 4) The reactor can withstand a high concentration of influent organic matter and a short hydraulic retention time, and has a high volume load, volume conversion efficiency and volume gas production efficiency (laboratory small test operation, the highest has reached more than 95% The volume conversion rate, the volume load of 100kgCOD/m ³ ·d or more and the volume gas production rate of 50m ³ /m ³ ·d or more).

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is a structural representation of a spiral self-circulation bioreactor;

Fig. 1 (b) is a spiral self-circulation bioreactor A-A ' sectional view;

In the figure: 1. Flat push flow reaction chamber; 2. Baffle plate sedimentation chamber; 3. Gas-liquid riser; 4. Support; 5. First mud discharge pipe; 6. Inlet pipe; 7. Spiral plate; 8. Return pipe; 9. Sampling pipe; 10. Reaction chamber cylinder; 11. Second mud discharge pipe; 12. Third mud discharge pipe; 13. Expanding pipe of outer cylinder; 14. Outlet pipe; 15. Fourth row Mud pipe; 16. Overflow weir; 17. Baffle; 18. Flange cover; 19. Exhaust pipe; 20. Inlet of baffle sedimentation chamber.

Detailed ways

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the spiral self-circulation bioreactor has a reactor body and a bracket 4, and the reactor body is provided with a plug flow reaction chamber 1 and a baffle plate precipitation chamber 2 from bottom to top; The bottom is provided with a first row of mud pipe 5, the top of the plug flow reaction chamber 1 is provided with a second mud discharge pipe 11, and the center of the plug flow reaction chamber 1 is provided with a return pipe 8, which is arranged from bottom to top with the return pipe 8 as the axis. There are multi-layer spiral plates 7, and the bottom of the spiral plate 7 is provided with a water inlet pipe 6; the lower end of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber 2 is an outer cylindrical expanding pipe 13, and a third mud discharge pipe 12 is arranged in the middle of the outer cylindrical expanding pipe 13, The outer cylindrical expanding pipe 13 is fixed on the upper end of the reaction chamber cylinder 16, and the bottom of the outer cylindrical expanding pipe 13 is connected to the top of the return pipe 8; the center of the baffle settling chamber 2 is provided with a plurality of staggered, vertically parallel deflectors. The baffles 17 are provided with a fourth mud discharge pipe 15 along the water level line between each baffle 17; the inlet 20 of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber is one end of the gas-liquid riser 3, and the other end of the gas-liquid riser 3 is connected to the flat pusher. The top of the flow reaction chamber 1; the outlet of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber 2 is provided with an overflow weir 16 and an outlet pipe 14; the upper end of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber 2 is a flange cover 18, and the center of the flange cover 18 is provided with an exhaust pipe 19.

The plug flow reaction chamber 1 is cylindrical, the height-to-diameter ratio of the plug flow reaction chamber 1 is 4-10:1, and the ratio of the diameter of the plug-flow reaction chamber 1 to the pitch of the spiral plate 7 is 1:2-5. The ratio of the cross-sectional area S1 of the flow reaction chamber ₁ to the maximum cross-sectional area S2 of the baffle plate precipitation chamber ₂ is 1:1-4, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the plug-flow reaction chamber 1 to the return pipe 8 is 16-25 :1, the ratio of the cross-sectional area _S3 of the plug flow reaction chamber 1 to the airflow riser 3 is 16-25:1. The ratio of the volume of the baffle settling chamber 2 to the total volume of the reactor body is 1-2:5, the number of baffles 17 is 3-6 pieces, the odd-numbered baffles 17 are 5-20 cm above the water level, and the even-numbered baffles The depth of the baffle 17 below the water level is 10%-30% of the diameter of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber 2, the angle α between the outer cylindrical expander 13 and the reference horizontal plane is 50°-70°, the gas-liquid riser 3 and The included angle β of the reference horizontal plane is 50°～70°.

The spiral self-circulating bioreactor can be constructed of plexiglass and steel plate. Inoculation sludge is fed into the reaction chamber from the baffle sedimentation chamber through the return pipe. Waste water enters from the water inlet between the two spiral plates at the bottom of the reaction chamber, and reacts in the reaction chamber after mixing with the returning sludge to generate biogas. Driven by the biogas, the muddy water flows in a flat plug flow. The mud-water mixture flowing to the upper part of the reaction chamber, driven by the gas, enters the sedimentation chamber together. Between each layer of baffles in the sedimentation chamber, the three phases of mud, water, and gas are effectively separated. After the sludge sinks to the bottom of the sedimentation chamber, it returns to the reaction chamber along the return pipe under the action of negative pressure suction caused by the rise of biogas. At the bottom of the chamber, it adjusts the acid-base balance, strengthens the degradation of the matrix, and mixes with the subsequent influent. The separated waste water is discharged from the outlet pipe through the overflow weir, and the biogas is led out from the exhaust pipe.

Claims (10)

1. A spiral self-circulation bioreactor is characterized in that: it has a reactor body, a support (4), and the reactor body is provided with a flat flow reaction chamber (1) and a baffle plate sedimentation chamber from bottom to top (2); The bottom of the plug flow reaction chamber (1) is provided with the first mud discharge pipe (5), and the top of the plug flow reaction chamber (1) is provided with the second mud discharge pipe (11), and the plug flow reaction chamber (1) is provided with the second mud discharge pipe (11). 1) There is a return pipe (8) in the center, and a multi-layer spiral plate (7) is provided from bottom to top with the return pipe (8) as the axis, and the bottom of the spiral plate (7) is provided with a water inlet pipe (6); the baffle plate The lower end of the sedimentation chamber (2) is an outer cylindrical expander (13), and a third mud discharge pipe (12) is arranged in the middle of the outer cylindrical expander (13), and the outer cylindrical expander (13) is fixed on the reaction The upper end of the chamber cylinder (16), the bottom of the outer cylindrical expanding pipe (13) is connected with the top of the return pipe (8); the center of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber (2) is equipped with multiple baffle plates with staggered heights and vertical parallels (17), between each baffle (17) is provided with the 4th mud discharge pipe (15) along water level line; The other end of the riser pipe (3) is connected to the top of the plug flow reaction chamber (1); the outlet of the baffle plate sedimentation chamber (2) is provided with an overflow weir (16) and an outlet pipe (14); the baffle plate sedimentation chamber (2) The upper end is a flange cover (18), and the center of the flange cover (18) is provided with an exhaust pipe (19). 2. A kind of spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plug flow reaction chamber (1) is cylindrical, and the plug flow reaction chamber (1) has a ratio of height to diameter 4-10:1. 3. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the diameter of the plug flow reaction chamber (1) to the pitch of the spiral plate (7) is 1:2-5 . 4. A kind of spiral self-circulation bioreactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plug flow reaction chamber (1) cross-sectional area S ₁ and baffle plate settling chamber (2) maximum cross-sectional area The ratio of the cross-sectional area _S2 is 1:1-4. 5. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the plug flow reaction chamber (1) to the return pipe (8) is 16 to 25 :1. 6. a kind of spiral self-circulation bioreactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ratio of the cross-sectional area S of described plug flow reaction chamber (1) and airflow riser ( ₃ ) is 16～25:1. 7. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the volume of the baffle settling chamber (2) to the total volume of the reactor body is 1-2:5. 8. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the baffles (17) is 3-6, and the odd-numbered baffles (17) are higher than the water level Line 5-20cm, the depth of the even-numbered baffles (17) below the water level is 10%-30% of the diameter of the baffle sedimentation chamber (2). 9. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle α between the outer cylindrical expander (13) and the reference horizontal plane is 50°-70°. 10. A spiral self-circulating bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle β between the gas-liquid riser (3) and the reference horizontal plane is 50°-70°.

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