CN100485138C

CN100485138C - Suspended submarine tunnel

Info

Publication number: CN100485138C
Application number: CNB200510034306XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎达明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-04-27
Filing date: 2005-04-27
Publication date: 2009-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2025-04-27
Also published as: CN1854397A

Abstract

A floating tunnel beneath water is composed by tubes with sectional plane in ellipse and fixed to seabed by two anchors. Multiple couples of anchors fixed to the sides keep the tunnel stable in waves. This structure won't be affected by water depth and lower construction cost.

Description

Suspended submarine tunnel

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of seabed tunnel and job practices, belong to road traffic and ocean engineering field.

Background technology

At present, the seabed tunnel engineering mainly contains two kinds of methods: a kind of is that borehole builds up seabed tunnel (being called for short the mining method seabed tunnel) in the rock stratum of distance seabed certain depth or soil layer, and it is long in time limit that this method is built seabed tunnel, the difficulty of construction height, and construction costs is big; Another kind is that the tubular structure spare that merogenesis is prefabricated is positioned in submarine surface or the shallow soil layer, do the sealing connection and form seabed tunnel (being called for short the immersed tunnelling method seabed tunnel), this tunnel progressively is used because of having characteristics such as construction quality guarantees, geological hydrology condition compliance is strong, the construction period is short, construction costs is low, as Guangzhou Pearl River tunnel, tunnel, river, river in Zhejiang Province, Ningbo etc.But immersed tunnelling method seabed tunnel and mining method seabed tunnel need depend on submarine soil layer equally, and the degree of depth in tunnel is subjected to the influence of seabed depth, and dark more tunnel, seabed is also just dark more.Be subjected to the restriction of the gradient, leading the way of two sides, tunnel will extend, and therefore construction costs strengthens.In addition, the immersed tunnelling method tunnel need be done sealing and connect in water, and when reaching certain depth, hydraulic pressure is too high, and the water seepage-proof tech difficulty increases, even is subjected to the restriction of diving depth that engineering can't be implemented.Therefore, from the angle of economic benefit and technical difficulty, immersed tunnelling method still is that mining method all is not suitable for construction tunnel, waters, deep-sea.

Summary of the invention

At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of seabed tunnel and job practices that can be suspended in certain depth under water (requiring to set) according to navigation.The degree of depth in this tunnel is not subjected to the dark excessively influence in seabed, has that difficulty of construction is low, construction costs is few, adapt to abyssalpelagic characteristics.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

At merogenesis prefabricated tube section on the bank on one side, after grouping connects, first group of pipeline section front port got up with the dividing plate temporary sealing, again one group connect one group after, pipeline section is pushed away, draws in the seawater along the twin rail runway of building up in advance.Its every group of link all hangs up stabilize anchor before the pipeline section entry, is in suspended state substantially after making its entry, and drawing with towboat.After whole tunnel arrives the precalculated position, hang up all and be shelved on the tenesmus anchor on the anchor pad of seabed and the rod assembly that drops in advance, unload corresponding stabilize anchor simultaneously, make it to connect with an end of stable pull bar, the other end that to stablize pull bar then is articulated on the link of corresponding pipeline section, again stabilize anchor slowly sinking go into the seabed, with the suspension part grappling in tunnel.Offshore part pipeline section is fixed with stabilize anchor and sandy soil landfill for burying pipeline section.

The pipeline section of the inventive method is that length is the tubular article about 100 meters, and cross section is an elliptical ring, the major axis level, and minor axis is vertical; The appearance both sides, 1/4 and 3/4 place of length of pipe section are respectively equipped with 4 groups of links along long axis direction, are made up of several rings for every group, and each ring can be connected by latch and tenesmus pull bar or stabilize anchor or stable pull bar.Inboard and the outside, pipeline section port all is provided with some to connecting ring, can front and back two pipeline sections be coupled together by leakproof cushion rubber and screw rod and nut.Inboard connecting ring can also connect an oval-shaped dividing plate, and the pipeline section temporary sealing is got up; The buoyancy of pipeline section equals the gravity of 4 stabilize anchor in seawater, and this buoyancy is both greater than the maximum car load of design, again less than the bearing down of 2 tenesmus anchors in seawater.

The maximum pull of above-mentioned tenesmus pull bar is greater than 1/2 tenesmus anchor gravity.

The maximum pull of aforementioned stable pull bar is greater than the gravity of stabilize anchor, and the angle of stablizing pull bar and horizontal plane is less than 30 degree.

The fracture cross section of above-mentioned leakproof cushion rubber is cross, and thickness and elasticity can be with interface bending 2 to the 3 degree angles that allow between pipeline section.

After the tunnel builds up, no matter whether bear car load in the pipeline section, the trend of come-up is arranged all, but 2 tenesmus anchors that are laid in all the time on the anchor pad of seabed are drawing, stress balance can not rise and also can not sink, and is in suspended state.When pipeline section is subjected to the current impulse, somely pipeline section can be anchored in the water stabilize anchor.Therefore, as long as be no more than the maximum car load of design, the tunnel just can safe passing.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1, widened the scope of application in immersed tunnelling method tunnel, for link up intercontinental between, engineering over strait between between the country and native country and the island provides many a kind of selections;

2, compare with other engineering over strait, construction costs can be because of the seabed is dark excessively, the geological hydrology inclement condition sharply rises;

3, compare with other seabed tunnel, need not to carry out large-scale seabed ground works, reduce destruction marine environment;

4, the engineering difficulty is low, risk is few;

5, duration weak point, investment is produced effects fast.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that vertically scheme in the tunnel

Fig. 2 is tenesmus anchor figure to be articulated

Fig. 3 is that the pipeline section port partly cuts open figure

View in transverse section when Fig. 4 is the pipeline section entry

Fig. 5 is the view in transverse section after the tunnel builds up

Fig. 6 is the view in transverse section that the tunnel builds up back offshore part pipeline section

The specific embodiment

A twin rail runway AB and EF (as shown in Figure 1) are respectively laid in two banks that elder generation builds the tunnel in preparation, then A on the bank prefabricated tube section 1, tenesmus anchor 2, anchor pad 3, stabilize anchor 4, tenesmus pull bar 5, stablize pull bar 6, connecting rod 7 etc., the length of tenesmus pull bar 5 and stable pull bar 6 calculates that according to the Tunnel Design degree of depth and the residing position of corresponding pipeline section all exposed metal assemblies will carry out the height anti-corrosion in advance to be handled.Each makes a call to two temporary steel pile tubes 8 on the precalculated position of 2 of C, D, and the end of steel pipe pile 8 must exceed the sea level.After this, transport with tenesmus pull bar 5 assemblies and put in place with anchor pad 3, the tenesmus anchor 2 of ship correspondence, improve anchor pad 3, tenesmus anchor 2 and tenesmus pull bar 5 assemblies then, allow steel pipe pile 8 pass their locating hole, make them slowly sink to putting in place along steel pipe pile 8, with wirerope pull bar 5 bolts (as shown in Figure 2) on temporary steel pile tube 8 that will drop, drawing to keep out the current impulse with station keeping ship more then.So analogize, the anchor pad 3 that the CD section is all, tenesmus anchor 2 put in place with tenesmus pull bar 5 assembly sinkings.When tenesmus anchor 2 no longer sinks with tenesmus pull bar 5 assemblies, accurately measure the degree of depth of tenesmus anchor 2, calculate the exact length of tenesmus pull bar 5.Meanwhile, connect all pipeline sections 1 with leakproof cushion rubber 10 and screw rod and nut grouping on the bank at A, front port (as shown in Figure 3) with first group of pipeline section 1 of dividing plate 9 temporary sealing, select one and both do not had typhoon, there is not the icing period yet, after 1 one groups of pipeline sections were connected one group, launching a ship as newly pushed away pipeline section 1, draw in the seawater along twin rail runway AB.To spray with waterproof agent before pipeline section 1 entry, also to wrap up with mackintosh, its every group of link all will hang up stabilize anchor 4 with latch, with connecting rod 7 relative stabilize anchor 4 was linked to be (as shown in Figure 4) again, substantially be in suspended state after making pipeline section 1 entry, and drawing along the navigation channel that temporary steel pile tube 8 surrounds with towboat and to advance.After tunnel (connector of pipeline section 1) front end arrives the E point, the front portion, tunnel is pushed away, pulls on the F bank along twin rail runway EF, make whole tunnel arrive the precalculated position.At this moment, the tenesmus anchor 2 in seabed and tenesmus pull bar 5 assemblies are improved, data according to the previous calculations gained, after revising the length of tenesmus pull bar 5, allow the diver with latch all tenesmus anchors 2 are articulated on the link of corresponding pipeline section 1 with tenesmus pull bar 5 assemblies under water, unload corresponding stabilize anchor 4 simultaneously, make it to connect with an end of stable pull bar 6, the other end that will stablize pull bar 6 then is articulated on the link of corresponding pipeline section 1.At this moment, can enter the connection that tunnel internal is adjusted 1 of screw bolt reinforcing pipeline section, and carry out interior decoration.The degree of depth as pipeline section 1 has error, can adjust the degree of depth of pipeline section 1 toward the sprinkling irrigation cement mortar of the space between tenesmus anchor 2 and the anchor pad 3.After adjusting, stabilize anchor 4 sinking (as shown in Figure 5) to the precalculated position slowly.As the stabilize anchor 4 that unloads is not enough to the grappling tunnel, can increase the logarithm of stabilize anchor 4, until with every pipe joint section 1 grappling.After CD section tunnel is anchored, remove temporary steel pile tube 8, unclamp the stabilize anchor 4 of AC and DF section pipeline section 1 then, allow of stabilize anchor 4 be connected on the link of pipeline section 1, the other end sets aside to (as shown in Figure 6) on the seabed, fixing pipeline section 1, again toward AC, DF section pipeline section 1 landfill sandy soil, cover until the pipeline section 1 that will bury part.

Claims

1, a kind of job practices of seabed tunnel, it is characterized in that on one side the prefabricated 100 meters long pipeline sections of merogenesis on the bank, the cross section of pipeline section is the major axis level, the elliptical ring that minor axis is vertical, every pipe joint section appearance is provided with 4 groups of links altogether at 1/4 and 3/4 place of length along the major axis two ends, the inboard, pipeline section port and the outside all are provided with some to connecting ring, with leakproof cushion rubber and screw rod and nut the pipeline section grouping is connected, first group of pipeline section front port got up with an oval-shaped dividing plate temporary sealing, again one group connect one group after, pipeline section is pushed away along the twin rail runway of building up in advance, draw in the seawater, the preceding 4 groups of links of every pipe joint section entry all hang up stabilize anchor, substantially be in suspended state after the entry, and drawing with towboat, after pipeline section arrives the precalculated position, hang up the tenesmus anchor and tenesmus rod assembly that are shelved in advance on the anchor pad of seabed, unload corresponding stabilize anchor simultaneously, make it to connect with an end of stable pull bar, the other end that to stablize pull bar then is articulated on the link of corresponding pipeline section, again stabilize anchor slowly sinking go into the seabed, with the pipeline section grappling of the part that suspends, offshore part pipeline section is fixed with stabilize anchor and sandy soil landfill.

2, the job practices of seabed tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that 4 groups of links on the pipeline section wherein, is made up of several rings for every group, and each ring can be connected by latch and tenesmus pull bar or stabilize anchor or stable pull bar.

3, the job practices of seabed tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that pipeline section buoyancy wherein equals the gravity of 4 stabilize anchor in seawater, and the buoyancy of pipeline section is both greater than the maximum car load of design, again less than the bearing down of 2 tenesmus anchors in seawater.

4, the job practices of seabed tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein tenesmus pull bar maximum pull is greater than 1/2 tenesmus anchor gravity.

5, the job practices of seabed tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein stable pull bar maximum pull greater than the gravity of stabilize anchor, and after pipeline section was anchored, the angle of stablizing pull bar and horizontal plane was less than 30 degree.

6, the job practices of seabed tunnel according to claim 1, the fracture cross section that it is characterized in that leakproof cushion rubber wherein is cross, thickness and elasticity can be with interface bending 2 to the 3 degree angles that allow between pipeline section.