CN100480207C - Formulation for producing concrete brick from foundry waste sand and producing method thereof - Google Patents
Formulation for producing concrete brick from foundry waste sand and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100480207C CN100480207C CNB2007100484298A CN200710048429A CN100480207C CN 100480207 C CN100480207 C CN 100480207C CN B2007100484298 A CNB2007100484298 A CN B2007100484298A CN 200710048429 A CN200710048429 A CN 200710048429A CN 100480207 C CN100480207 C CN 100480207C
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- Prior art keywords
- concrete brick
- sand
- waste sand
- cast waste
- compound
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
This invention relates to a formula for producing concrete bricks with foundry antiquated sand characterizing that the raw material of the wet blank of said brick is composed of the following components in terms of the weight percentage: foundary antiquated sand 10-45, powdered coal ash 15-30, slag 8-26, cement 15-21, water 6.5-12, water repellent 0-0.6, water glass 0-2.2, river sand 0-30, and the technical flow includes: preparing enough foundary antiquated sand with the grain diameter below 4mm, powdered coal ash, slag, river sand, enough cement, water water repellent and water glass, weighing them in terms of the above mentioned proportion and mixing them uniformly to make up of a mixed material to be put in a prepared model to be pressed with a press to shape the mixed material, then taking out the mixed material from the model to get a concrete wet blank to be air-dried to get the product.
Description
One, technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of composition of raw materials and production method thereof of utilizing cast waste sand to produce the house wall construction material.
Two, background technology:
The cast waste sand quantity discharged in China every year is all more than ten million ton.Because treatment technology is not proper, contaminate environment not only, but also caused a large amount of wastings of resources.With Beijing is example, 1,156 ten thousand tons of the annual industrial solid castoffs that produces, and volume of comprehensive utilization is 9,490,000 tons, there are 550,000 tons and dealt carefully with (treatment technology is not high), 1,520,000 tons are deposited in the environment, add up volume of cargo in storage over the years and have reached 11,475 ten thousand tons, take up an area of 3,750,000 square metres.Nineteen ninety-five, country has put into effect People's Republic of China's prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes method (revise in December, 2004 for the first time), encourages, supports scientific research, the technological development of prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes.Requirement takes anti-flying, Anti-lost, antiseep or other to prevent the measure of contaminate environment to various refuses; Must not topple over, stack, abandon, drop solid waste without authorization.Wherein, the processing of cast waste sand has become instant vital task, and each big colleges and universities, scientific research institutions, enterprise are all at the treatment technology of seeking cast waste sand, but DeGrain.
Domestic processing to cast waste sand mainly is that disposal by land and sea disposal are arranged, and disposal by land mainly adopts the method for storing up, buries method, and sea disposal mainly is Ocean dumping.These treatment processs not only pollute the environment, land occupation, but also cause a large amount of wastings of resources.
For this reason, the Central China University of Science and Technology with the cast waste sand put aside as useless as the non-burning brick main raw material of preparation.This technology cardinal principle is to utilize active silica and active calcium oxide hydration reaction, forms hydrated calcium silicate, thereby produces bigger physical strength; Normal pressure or autoclave curing can be quickened the generation of hydration reaction, accelerate the speed that intensity forms.That prepares by this method is non-burning brick, intensity, anti-freezing property, carbonization coefficient, drying shrinkage value etc. are all up to standard, radioelement is limited the quantity of, heavy metal content also meets related standards, can directly be used as novel wall material, thereby solve the difficult problem of cast waste sand land occupation, contaminate environment for DongFeng Automobile Co., Ltd; In addition, Mr. Liang Qinghua has also applied for the patent (patent No. 991201809) of " concrete brick that utilizes cast waste sand to produce ", this disclosure of the Invention a kind of concrete brick that utilizes cast waste sand to produce, its raw material comprises sclerosis peptizer, cement, cast waste sand, cupola slag and water, and production technique is identical with existing processes.But above-mentioned technology is still limited to solid useless utilization.
Three, summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, develop a kind of cast waste sand, slag and flyash etc. of making full use of and consolidate useless concrete brick, and design a kind of technical process method that can produce the concrete brick that meets national standard JC239-2001.
1, utilize cast waste sand to make the technical barrier of the required solution of concrete brick
(1) solid waste (antiquated sand mould) composition
In when casting, in order to adapt to the high temperature of cast article, making the main raw material that sand mo(u)ld adopts is quartz sand, generally adopts 3～8% water glass so that formability to be provided, and improves pattern number intensity; Metal founding with the model surface contact process in, and a series of physical-chemical reactions take place between the model, make raw material that sand mo(u)ld uses Gu itself at impurity in addition, thereby make the compound that has elements such as iron, chromium in the antiquated sand mould.
Analytical results shows, the antiquated sand mould water glass content average out to 3.8% that present technique adopted, and rest part is mainly quartz sand.
(2) composition of cast waste sand reaches the concrete brick Effect on Performance
A, raising durability of product problem
Cast waste sand mainly contains quartz sand, water glass, wherein quartz sand in concrete brick as aggregate, water glass has certain effect for improving the concrete brick physical strength, but because of the reaction of itself and water causes running off, influence the weather resistance of concrete brick, in the research of this project, need under the prerequisite that allows water glass to exist, solve endurance issues.
B, raising concrete brick problems of mechanical strength
Flyash, smelted furnace cinder have surfactivity, can carry out aquation and improve product strength, and cast waste sand continuation hydratability itself is not strong, it is little that intensity is improved degree, therefore need to add corresponding gelling material, make concrete brick satisfy the requirement of JC239-2001 standard.
C, concrete brick surface quality, density problem
No matter still make concrete brick traditionally with flyash with river sand, help improving product surface quality because of itself being the fine particle shape, and cast waste sand, smelted furnace cinder are block, and because of the needs of casting technique have bigger intensity, these antiquated sands are processed into powder with certain particle composition, thereby improving the surface quality and the density of concrete brick, is the problem that needs solution.
D, concrete brick quality homogeneity question
Mainly comprise distributed components in the concrete brick, density is evenly distributed.
F, other aspect problems
Mainly contain material workability problem, amount of water problem, shaping and demoulding problem, forming pressure size and press time etc.
2, the thinking of a technical solution difficult problem
(1) adopt inorganic coagulation material to improve the concrete brick physical strength: the present invention adopts three kinds of components to provide concrete brick the required physical strength that possesses: water glass, flyash, cement.Water glass is mainly derived from cast waste sand, can add on a small quantity, and in air, following chemical reaction takes place water glass:
Na
2O.nSiO
2+2nH
2O+CO
2→Na
2CO
3+nSi(OH)
4
Reaction result produces silica gel, and silica gel is wrapped in around the fine powder aggregate, filler particles gap and attached to particle surface, and silica gel concentrates then, and is closely glued at particle surface and make each particle be coupled to an integral body.
But, the simple water glass that relies on is not enough to produce needed intensity, because the water glass with hydratability that contains in the cast waste sand is few, simultaneously in use water glass is dissolved in water gradually and causes water glass to run off, and the globality of concrete brick is destroyed, therefore, need to add cement to keep the sufficient intensity of concrete brick in life-time service, in order to reduce cost, improve workability, also replace cement with part flyash.
Contain C in the cement
3S, C
2S, C
3A, C
4Multi mineral such as AF, they contact the back hydration reaction take place with water, and the aquation of generation mineral-filled sand grains space also is coupled to integral body with bulk materials such as sand grains, produce very big physical strength, and water resistance is good.The adding of flyash can improve the workability of compound, reduces the drying shrinkage of concrete brick, and wherein active SiO
2, Al
2O
3Deng existence enable aquation, help to improve concrete brick intensity.
(2) adopt appropriate granulometric composition, improve concrete brick surface quality and density: compound produces relatively sliding under pressure until tight contact between the particle, the contact tightness degree both be stressed the size influence, also relevant with granulometric composition, the present invention adopts large, medium and small three kinds of variable grains, mix by a certain percentage, help improving density and surface smoothness.
(3) solve the concrete brick endurance issues: concrete brick in use, vapor in the atmosphere, rainwater etc. enter concrete brick along the intergranular space, and carry out chemical reaction with water glass wherein, and cause the wherein loss of water glass, destroy the one-piece construction of concrete brick.Therefore, the present invention mainly adopts following method to solve the concrete brick endurance issues: improve material density, reduce moisture and enter " passage " that runs off with water glass; Add hydrophober, intercept moisture and water glass, prevent that contact from chemical reaction taking place.
3, technical solution theory problem foundation
(1) water glass chance water can dissolve gradually, then at CO
2Or the Na that adds
2SiF
6Down all right aquation of effect and glued sand grains make material have certain intensity after the sclerosis; Add water glass and help improving the processability of concrete brick;
(2) have cement, the flyash of the hydraulicity, in water, water in airization, condense, harden, the bonding unclassified stores improves the strength of materials, has favorable durability;
(3) according to " tightly packed principle ", raw meal particle size because of the space filling extent is big, helps the raising of density on non-homogeneous situation, therefore controls granule materials granularity, fineness ratio, various granule materials content, can make density reach optimum value;
(4) moisture corrosion concrete brick inwardly carries out along the intergranular space from the surface, and the loss of corrosion products then flows to the surface internally along the space, and the concrete brick density is high more, corrodes difficult more carrying out; If will isolate between the component that easily is etched in moisture and the concrete brick, then corrode and have no way of carrying out;
(5) hard, brittle material during cast waste sand belongs to, the pressure effect of adopting jaw crusher or other disintegrating apparatus with its coarse crushing after, be subjected to the impact grinding of hammer mill again, after the screening, the particle that can obtain multiple granularity is used for batching, helps improving concrete brick density and surface smoothness;
(6) cement, flyash belong to hydraulic cementing materials, under the effect of the moisture of atmosphere, rainwater etc., can harden and produce necessary mechanical strength, even components such as the water glass in the concrete brick suffer erosion and run off, aggregate still is subjected to the bonding of cement, pulverized burned coal ash hydration product and has enough big physical strength;
(7) concrete brick is subjected to multiple protective, and higher-density adds hydrophober in the compound, makes concrete brick be difficult to be subjected to moisture and corrodes, and the use of hydraulic cementing materials in addition makes concrete brick have weather resistance.
Concrete technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of prescription of producing concrete brick from foundry waste sand is characterized in that in the wet base in this concrete brick that the raw material of % is formed by weight and is: cast waste sand 10～45, flyash 15～30, slag 8～26, cement 15～21, water 6.5～12, hydrophober 0～0.6, water glass 0～2.2, river sand 0～30.
In the present invention, described cast waste sand can be 70 sand or yellow ground.Described slag is a smelted furnace cinder.
In the present invention, described hydrophober can be general common building material hydrophober.
A kind of method of producing concrete brick by above-mentioned prescription is characterized in that its technical process is successively:
A, preparing material: preparing competent particle diameter is the following cast waste sand of 4mm, flyash, slag, river sand, and competent cement, water, hydrophober, water glass;
B, press cast waste sand 10～45, flyash 15～30, slag 8～26, cement 15～21, water 6.5～12, hydrophober 0～0.6, water glass 0～2.2 constitutes compound after the ratio of river sand 0～30 (weight %) takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring;
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing;
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine;
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of concrete brick;
F, the wet base of concrete brick is the concrete brick finished product after air-dry.
In the present invention, described cast waste sand, slag, flyash are processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 2mm and is no more than 4mm, the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 2mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the slag of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound is all joined by 1:2:2 and got.Certainly, described large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters also can be other spans, as long as maximum particle diameter does not surpass 4mm.Needed the net footpath to be the screen cloth of 4mm in the particle diameter of river sand, undersized river sand all can use.
In the present invention, best iron content metallic substance not in the described cast waste sand.Promptly after the cast waste sand raw material is carried out break process, preferably select irony material (mainly being ferric oxide) by magnetic separator.
In the present invention, owing to reasons such as equipment, the part that may take out from the model undesirable shape of base that wets then can be returned the substandard products of undesirable shape in the compound and handle again.
In the present invention, it can be after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process that described mixing is stirred, and promptly does and mixes.Certainly, also i.e. wet mixing can will be stirred after whole mixing of materials again.Stirring can be repeatedly to stir, and its objective is to make the full and uniform distribution of material.
In the present invention,
The present invention has finally guaranteed formed product performance and mechanical property by determining control of process parameters in rational prescription and the technological process, has solved technical difficult point.Mainly contain three characteristics:
(1) the cast waste sand usage quantity is big: the cast waste sand consumption can reach 45% in the wet base that present technique is produced, and experiment shows that total consumption of cast waste sand, flyash, smelted furnace cinder can be up to 72.9%;
(2) allow to keep residual water glass in the cast waste sand, utilize its bonding capacity to improve product strength, improve the water tolerance of product by raising density and methods such as adding hydrophober;
(3), improve the density and the surface smoothness of product by the granularity and the forming pressure of control compound.
In a word, the concrete brick density height, specious, the long service life that adopt the present invention to make, and the solid useless and waste water generation of nothing industry in the production process can reach and surpass the requirement of JC239-2001 standard fully.
Four, embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Representative formula embodiment of the present invention and corresponding concrete brick performance are as shown in the table.
Sample prescription in the table is the formulation content of wet base.
Detection shows that the end properties index of the foregoing description is as follows:
The typical production technological process of concrete brick of the present invention is:
A, preparing material: prepare cast waste sand (7 0 sand), flyash that competent particle diameter is no more than 4mm, slag, river sand, and competent cement, water, hydrophober, water glass; Wherein, the bigger waste residue piece of cast waste sand (7 0 sand) is carried out Hubei Province formula fragmentation, carry out hammer crushing again,, increase surface-area, improve the strength of materials (through the easy compacting of fragmentation, unit weight increases 25%-60%) and visual appearance to reduce particle size.Magnetic separation (its objective is by magnetic, select ferric oxide contained in the cast waste sand), and the high temperature of available intermediate frequency furnace with the iron oxide reduction Cheng Tie that magneticly elects, can increase certain economic benefits on the one hand, have prevented the generation of secondary refuse again.By screening the required particle diameter of cast waste sand is separated again.
B, press cast waste sand 10～45, flyash 15～30, slag 8～26, cement 15～21, water 6.5～12, hydrophober 0～0.6, water glass 0～2.2 constitutes compound after the ratio of river sand 0～30 (weight %) takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring.Described cast waste sand, slag, flyash are processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 2mm and is no more than 4mm, the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 2mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the slag of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound is all joined by 1:2:2 and got.It can be after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process that described mixing is stirred.Certainly, also can will stir again after whole mixing of materials.Stirring can be repeatedly to stir, and its objective is to make the full and uniform distribution of material.
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing.
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine.
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of concrete brick.Owing to reasons such as equipment, the part that may take out from the model undesirable shape of base that wets then can be returned the substandard products of undesirable shape in the compound and handle again.
Be the concrete brick finished product behind F, will the concrete brick wet base natural air drying.
Add mode if mix material, the rotating speed of stirrer (once stirring is 16 rev/mins, and the rotating speed of secondary stirring is 5 rev/mins) by control.The operating pressure of pressing machine is 240kg/cm when hybrid mode (doing mixed, wet mixing) and compression moulding
2, (with Hzm4.5 type concrete brick production line, comprising 120 tons pressing machinees, stirrer) and the uniform distribution of material in mould, the press time is 3 to 6 a seconds/piece, can make product have formability and higher density and surface smoothness are arranged.
Cast waste sand in the foregoing description all refers to 70 sand.With identical with the technical process of 70 sand, the performance of its finished product concrete brick is also approaching with the performance with the finished product concrete brick of 70 sand with the technical process of yellow ground.
Claims (6)
1, the concrete brick produced of a kind of cast waste sand is characterized in that in the wet base of this concrete brick that the raw material of % is formed by weight and is: cast waste sand 10～45, flyash 15～30, slag 8～26, cement 15～21, water 6.5～12, hydrophober 0～0.6, water glass 0～2.2, river sand 0～30.
2, the concrete brick of cast waste sand production according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cast waste sand is 70 sand or yellow ground.
3, a kind of production method by the described concrete brick of claim 1 is characterized in that its technical process is successively:
A, preparing material: preparing competent particle diameter is the following cast waste sand of 4mm, flyash, slag, river sand, and competent cement, water, hydrophober, water glass;
B, press cast waste sand 10～45, flyash 15～30, slag 8～26, cement 15～21, water 6.5～12, hydrophober 0～0.6, water glass 0～2.2 constitutes compound after the ratio of river sand 0～30 (weight %) takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring;
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing;
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine;
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of concrete brick;
F, the wet base of concrete brick is the concrete brick finished product after air-dry.
4, the production method of concrete brick according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described cast waste sand, slag, flyash are processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 2mm and is no more than 4mm, the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 2mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the slag of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound is all joined by 1:2:2 and got.
5, the production method of concrete brick according to claim 3, the substandard products that it is characterized in that the undesirable shape of part of taking out from model return in the compound to be handled again.
6, the production method of concrete brick according to claim 3 is characterized in that it is after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process that described mixing is stirred.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100484298A CN100480207C (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | Formulation for producing concrete brick from foundry waste sand and producing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100484298A CN100480207C (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | Formulation for producing concrete brick from foundry waste sand and producing method thereof |
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| CN101033120A CN101033120A (en) | 2007-09-12 |
| CN100480207C true CN100480207C (en) | 2009-04-22 |
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| CN104177009B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-03-02 | 湖南志同兴环保建材有限公司 | A kind of Antique Imitation Tiles and production method thereof |
| CN105384400B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-09-29 | 北京正富混凝土有限责任公司 | High performance concrete prepared by a kind of waste material |
| CN105601205B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2018-02-23 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of cast waste sand self-compacting concrete |
| CN106760231A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 成都嘉新特种精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of cast waste sand recycling encaustic tile method |
| CN108314363B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2020-04-10 | 柳州市柳晶科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing water permeable brick by cast iron casting waste and prepared water permeable brick |
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| CN107522470A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-29 | 江苏腾业新型材料有限公司 | A kind of method that fired brick is prepared using sludge and cast waste sand |
| CN111592253A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-28 | 建华建材（莱阳）有限公司 | Mineral admixture and application thereof |
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| CN115368040B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-03-29 | 燕山大学 | Treatment method and application of waste sodium silicate sand |
| CN115028418A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-09-09 | 安徽理工大学 | Concrete solid brick prepared from casting waste sand |
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