CN100473347C - X-ray CT system - Google Patents

X-ray CT system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100473347C
CN100473347C CNB2005100811958A CN200510081195A CN100473347C CN 100473347 C CN100473347 C CN 100473347C CN B2005100811958 A CNB2005100811958 A CN B2005100811958A CN 200510081195 A CN200510081195 A CN 200510081195A CN 100473347 C CN100473347 C CN 100473347C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ray
displacement
irradiation
checkout equipment
absolute displacement
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005100811958A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1883390A (en
Inventor
张笑妍
杨艳国
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GE Medical Systems Global Technology Co LLC
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GE Medical Systems Global Technology Co LLC
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Priority to CNB2005100811958A priority Critical patent/CN100473347C/en
Priority to JP2006011044A priority patent/JP4810239B2/en
Publication of CN1883390A publication Critical patent/CN1883390A/en
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Abstract

The objective of the invention is to provide an X-ray CT system free of reconstructed image degradation caused by three-dimensional absolute displacement as a result of vibration generated in the X-ray radiation/detection rotation period. The X-ray CT system obtains a plurality of X-ray signals for view display from the target by use of rotary X-ray radiation/detection equipment rotated inside a scanning frame and reconstructs images based on X-ray signals being sent. The X-ray CT system comprises a measurement system for measuring three-dimensional absolute displacement caused by vibratory X-ray radiation/detection equipment generated in rotary period by use of sensor incorporated in the scanning frame; a correction equipment for correcting a plurality of X-ray signals being sent for view display based on the measured value from measurement equipment and realizes sensor by three synthesis converter for converting correspondent displacement into electric signals, herein, the correspondent displacement is generated in three axis direction of coordinate system by X-ray radiation/detection equipment.

Description

The X ray CT system
Technical field
The present invention relates to X ray computer tomography (CT) system, or more particularly, relate to a kind of use and obtain from the X ray signal of a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object and based on the X ray CT system of the X ray signal reconstruction image of emission at the X of gantry internal rotation irradiation/checkout equipment.
Background technology
The X ray CT system is designed to: use at the X of gantry internal rotation irradiation/checkout equipment, obtain the X ray signal from a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object.The rotation of X irradiation/checkout equipment is called scanning.Be derived from the vibration effect quality of reconstructed images of the X irradiation/checkout equipment of rotation.X irradiation/checkout equipment is adjusted its balance, so that make minimum vibration.Vibration according to horizontal direction takes place realizes the balance adjustment.This pick off is used for the pick off that detection level vibrates in the chassis upper support that is independent of gantry, so that can detect the absolute displacement (for example referring to Patent Document 1) of X irradiation/checkout equipment.
[patent document 1] Japanese uncensored patent application publication number 2001-276039 (3-4 page or leaf, Fig. 4-6)
Summary of the invention
If can not eliminate the vibration of X irradiation/checkout equipment fully by adjusting balance, the vibration of measured X irradiation/checkout equipment when then scanning.Must come the X ray signal of correct transmission based on measured value.Because X irradiation/checkout equipment is vibration in the horizontal direction always not, is not enough so measure the vibration of horizontal direction.
In addition, X irradiation/checkout equipment is at the gantry internal rotation.Therefore, in order to detect the pick off of absolute displacement in the chassis upper support that is independent of gantry, need with the not interferential special-purpose supporting mechanism of gantry internal structure.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of X ray CT system, the influence that its reconstructed image quality that not caused by three-dimensional absolute displacement descends, described three-dimensional absolute displacement are derived from the vibration of the X irradiation/checkout equipment that X irradiation/checkout equipment during rotation takes place.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of X ray CT system that does not need to support the special-purpose supporting mechanism of vibrating sensor.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of X ray CT system, it uses at the X of gantry internal rotation irradiation/checkout equipment and obtains X ray signal from a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object, and based on the X ray signal reconstruction image of described emission.Described X ray CT system comprises: measuring device, and the three-dimensional absolute displacement that the pick off that is used for using gantry to comprise comes measured X irradiation/checkout equipment, described three-dimensional absolute displacement is derived from the vibration that takes place during the rotation; And correcting unit, be used for proofreading and correct the X ray signal of a plurality of emissions of representing view based on the value of measuring device measurement.
Preferably, pick off comprises three synthetic changers, described three synthetic changers detect X irradiation/checkout equipments three of basis coordinates system separately axially on the displacement of generation so that the three-dimensional absolute displacement of measured X irradiation/checkout equipment effectively.
Preferably, synthetic changer comprises: the velocity inertial changer, and it detects the displacement of gantry; The eddy current changer, it detects the displacement of X irradiation/checkout equipment with respect to gantry; And adder, it adds up the detection signal that changer produces, so that the absolute displacement of energy measurement X irradiation/checkout equipment.
Preferably, measuring device is stored in each anglec of rotation of measured value and X irradiation/checkout equipment in the memorizer explicitly.This is convenient to the correction of the X ray signal of the emission that correcting unit will carry out.
Preferably, correcting unit is with respect to the component of the X ray signal of view cent(e)ring emission, so that can produce the reconstructed image that is not subjected to vibration effect.
Preferably, comprise alarm device, described alarm device is used for sending warning based on the value that measuring device is measured, so that can adjust the balance of X irradiation/checkout equipment.
According to the present invention, a kind of X ray CT system uses at the X of gantry internal rotation irradiation/checkout equipment and obtains X ray signal from a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object, and based on the X ray signal reconstruction image of launching.Described X ray CT system comprises: measuring device, and the three-dimensional absolute displacement that the pick off that is used for using gantry to comprise comes measured X irradiation/checkout equipment, described three-dimensional absolute displacement is derived from the vibration that during rotation takes place; And correcting unit, it proofreaies and correct the X ray signal of a plurality of emissions of expression view based on the measured value of measuring device.Therefore, the influence that the reconstructed image quality that described X ray CT system is not caused by three-dimensional absolute displacement descends, described three-dimensional absolute displacement is derived from the vibration that X irradiation/checkout equipment during rotation takes place.In addition, described X ray CT system does not need to be used to support the special-purpose supporting mechanism of vibrating sensor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the configuration according to the X ray CT system of the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the configuration of the X irradiation/checkout equipment that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the X ray plane of incidence of the X-ray detector that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the structure of the rotor assembly that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the exploded view of the member of the rotor assembly that comprises in the X ray CT system that illustrates according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows the dynamic model of the rotor assembly that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows the rotor and the pick off of displacement that is used for detecting the rotor that the X ray CT system comprises according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of pick off of displacement that is used for detecting the rotor that the X ray CT system comprises that illustrates according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows the principle of the major part of the eddy current changer that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows the principle of the major part of the velocity inertial changer that comprises in the X ray CT system according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the block diagram of X ray CT system with regard to the displacement measurement of rotor that illustrates according to the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the flow chart of describing according to the performed operation of the X ray CT system of the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Describe below with reference to the accompanying drawings and realize optimal mode of the present invention.Be noted that the present invention is not limited to realize optimal mode of the present invention.Show to Fig. 1 illustrative the configuration of X ray CT system.Native system is the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention.The configuration of native system is the example that realizes optimal mode of the present invention in the X ray CT system.
Native system comprises gantry 100, workbench 200 and operator's console 300.In gantry 100, X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 sweep objects 10 (being brought in the gantry when it lies on the workbench 200) obtain the X ray signal of a plurality of emissions of expression view, and transfer the signal to the operator's console 300.Operator's console 300 comes reconstructed image based on the X ray signal of the emission that receives from gantry 100, and on display 302 display image.
Gantry 100 is examples of the gantry that comprises in the present invention.X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 is examples of the X irradiation/checkout equipment that comprises in the present invention.X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 is at gantry 100 internal rotation.
The rotation of operator's console 300 gated sweep framves 100 and workbench 200.Under the control of operator's console 300, gantry 100 is according to predetermined condition of scanning sweep object.Workbench 200 is positioned at object 10 in the radiography space, so that the scanning presumptive area.In order to locate, the embedded position governor motion is regulated the height of table top 202 and the distance that places the support 206 on the table top to move horizontally.
In order to regulate the height of table top 202, as the center support column 206 that swings back and forth, wherein be connected to base 208 at contact place support column with contact.The swing of support column 206 makes table top 202 move in vertical and horizontal direction.Support 204 moves with horizontal direction on table top 202.According to the condition of scanning, realize scanning with the gantry 100 that tilts.Realize making gantry 100 to tilt by built-in leaning device.
Show to Fig. 2 illustrative the configuration of X irradiation/checkout equipment 110.In X irradiation/checkout equipment 110, X-ray detector 150 detects the X ray 134 of focus 132 irradiations from X-ray tube 130.
The collimator (not shown) is with the synthetic again cone beam X ray of X ray 134.X-ray detector 150 has the X ray plane of incidence 152, and this X ray plane of incidence 152 is with the expansion two-dimensional expansion of cone beam X ray.Make 152 bendings of the X ray plane of incidence, as forming a part of cylinder.Cylindrical central shaft is by focus 132.
X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 is around central shaft (the being isocenter) rotation by the radiography center.The cylindrical central shaft of a part that central axes forms in X-ray detector 150.
The central axis direction that will be used to rotate is regarded the z direction as, regards the direction that connects isocenter O and focus 132 as the y direction, and will regard the x direction as perpendicular to the direction of z and y direction.X, y and z axle are used as three axles of z axle as the rotating coordinate system of central shaft.
Fig. 3 is the plane graph that illustrative illustrates the X ray plane of incidence 152 of X-ray detector 150.The X ray plane of incidence 152 has the detecting unit 154 in x and z direction two-dimensional arrangement.That is, realize the X ray plane of incidence 152 by the detecting unit 154 of two-dimensional array.
Detecting unit 154 provides sense channel for X-ray detector 150.Therefore, X-ray detector 150 is multichannel X-ray detectors.Each detecting unit 154 all is for example combination of flasher and photodiode.
X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 is supported by the rotor assembly that is combined in the gantry 100.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show the structure of this rotor assembly.Fig. 4 is a component drawings, and Fig. 5 is an exploded view.
Rotor assembly comprises rotor 402.Rotor 402 is loop configuration, and is attached on the bracket (bracket) 406 with bearing 404, and bearing 404 is between the two, so that rotor can rotate freely.Bracket 406 is fixed on the frame (not shown).
Drive rotor 402 rotations by the driving device (not shown).X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 is installed on the rotor 402.Rotor 402 with X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 mounted thereto is rotating parts of gantry 100.The bracket 406 that is fixed in frame is standing parts of gantry 100.
In basis coordinates system, the Z axle is associated with the central shaft of rotor assembly, and the perpendicular axle of Y-axis is associated, and X-axis is associated with its trunnion axis.Basis coordinates system is to use the coordinate system of chassis as base.Measuring the three-D displacement of described coordinate system rotor 402 can describe in the back.Displacement in the basis coordinates system is absolute displacement.
With dynamic model expression rotor assembly shown in Figure 6.In the case, rotor assembly has the piece 422 of expression rotor 402 and x-ray bombardment/checkout equipment and another piece 462 of expression bracket 406, is connected these two pieces with antivibrator 444 with the spring 442 that is arranged in parallel with each other and be included in the bearing 404.
Fig. 7 illustrates the layout of the pick off in the three-dimensional absolute displacement that is used in detection rotor 402.As pick off, adopt three pick offs 502,504 and 506.Use bindiny mechanism's (not shown) that pick off is attached on the bracket 406.Pick off 502,504 and 506 is examples of the pick off that comprises in the present invention.
The displacement that pick off 502 detection rotors 402 produce in the Z direction, and relative with the end face of rotor 402 in the noncontact mode in the Z direction.The displacement that pick off 504 detection rotors 402 produce in the Y direction, and with noncontact mode peripheral relative at Y direction and rotor 402.The displacement that pick off 506 detection rotors 402 produce at directions X, and with noncontact mode peripheral relative at directions X and rotor 402.
Realize pick off with synthetic changer.As shown in Figure 8, each of synthetic changer all comprises the adder 606 that eddy current changer 602, velocity inertial changer 604 and the detection signal that changer is produced add up.
In eddy current changer 602, the structure of major part shown in Figure 9 provides its principle, and electric current flows to coil 622, so that produce eddy current in the detected object 624 relative with coil in the noncontact mode.The inductance that coil 622 provides is with changing with the change of distance detected object 624 for the caused eddy current of change at d place.Utilize the change in the inductance.
Electronic circuitry involved is converted to displacement with the inductance of coil 622.The output signal of eddy current changer 602 is represented the displacement that detected object produces.Eddy current changer 602 is attached on the bracket 406, and regards rotor 402 as detected object.Therefore, the relative displacement that produced with respect to bracket 406 of detection rotor 402.
In velocity inertial changer 604, the structure of major part provides its principle as shown in figure 10, spring 650 supports the coil 644 that strengthens its inertia with counterweights 642, so that this coil interknits with magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 646 that is included in the detected object 648.When magnetic circuit 646 during, in coil 644, sense voltage with the axial vibration of detected object 648 at coil.Utilize induced voltage.
Electronic circuitry involved is converted to displacement with the induced voltage of coil 644.The output signal of velocity inertial changer 604 is represented the displacement that bracket 406 produces, and the velocity inertial changer is attached on this bracket, and promptly gantry is fixing.This displacement is absolute displacement.
Adder 606 adds up the output signal of eddy current changer 602 and the output signal of velocity inertial changer 604, and the absolute displacement with bracket 406 is added in the relative displacement of rotor 402 with respect to bracket 406 thus.Therefore, produce the signal of expression rotor 402 absolute displacements.
As mentioned above, pick off 502,504 and 506 detection rotors 402 are in the absolute displacement of Z, Y and directions X generation.The absolute displacement of rotor 402 is the absolute displacement of X irradiation/checkout equipment 110 just.
The pick off that is used to detect 110 absolute displacements of X irradiation/checkout equipment is attached to bracket 406.Therefore, different with the supporting mechanism that is used at the chassis upper support pick off that is independent of gantry, this supporting mechanism needs not to be any special mechanism.
Eddy current changer 602 is examples of the eddy current changer that comprises among the present invention.Velocity inertial changer 604 is examples of the velocity inertial changer that comprises among the present invention.Adder 606 is examples of the adder that comprises among the present invention.Owing to realize pick off 502,504 and 506 with synthetic changer, so can effectively measure the three-dimensional absolute displacement of rotor 402.
In addition, synthetic changer comprises the velocity inertial changer that detects the displacement of gantry standing part, detects the adder that the gantry rotating part adds up with respect to the eddy current changer of its standing part displacement and detection signal that changer is produced.Therefore, can effectively detect the absolute displacement of rotating part.
Figure 11 illustrates the block diagram of native system with regard to the measurement of the displacement of rotor generation.The power that provides from supply unit 710 is provided pick off 500, and the three-dimensional absolute displacement d of detection rotor 402, and this three-dimensional absolute displacement is derived from the vibration that takes place during the rotation.Pick off 500 refers generally to three pick offs 502,504 and 506.The detection signal u that 720 pairs of pick offs of amplifier installation 500 produce amplifies.Amplifier installation 720 comprises three amplifiers that are associated with three pick offs 502,504 and 506 respectively.Data acquisition facility 730 obtains the output signal of three amplifiers comprising in the amplifier installation 720 as numeric data item.This data item represents to indicate the measured value of the three-dimensional absolute displacement of rotor 402.
When absolute displacement is measured, the anglec of rotation that rotation angle sensor 740 detection rotors 402 produce.Rotation angle sensor 740 comprises rotary encoder and electronic circuitry involved.Data acquisition facility 730 also obtains anglec of rotation detection signal as numerical data.The measured value of this data representation anglec of rotation.
Absolute displacement measured value and anglec of rotation measured value that data acquisition facility 730 obtains are stored in the memorizer 750.In memorizer 750, absolute displacement is associated with the anglec of rotation with electrical form (spreadsheet) form.Therefore, store three-dimensional absolute displacement explicitly with each anglec of rotation of rotor 402.The part of the X ray CT system that is made up of pick off 500, supply unit 710, amplifier installation 720, data acquisition facility 730, rotation angle sensor 740 and memorizer 750 is the example of the measuring device that comprises among the present invention.Memorizer 750 is examples of the memorizer that comprises among the present invention.
Data correction apparatus 760 uses the three-dimensional absolute displacement that is stored in the memorizer 750 and the measured value of the anglec of rotation to come the X ray signal of correct transmission.In addition, balance adjusting device 770 uses this measured value to adjust the balance of rotor 402.Data correction apparatus 760 is examples of the correcting unit that comprises among the present invention.The owing to explicitly measured value of three-dimensional absolute displacement is stored in the memorizer, so the X ray signal of easy correct transmission with the anglec of rotation.
To be described in the operation of carrying out in the native system below.Figure 12 is the flow chart that is described in the operation that will carry out in this system.At first, carry out preliminary surveying in step 801.By the three-dimensional absolute displacement of measuring rotor 402 with respect to each anglec of rotation, slowly rotor 402 is realized preliminary surveying so that rotor does not vibrate simultaneously.Thereby, the static three-dimensional absolute displacement of measuring rotor 402 with respect to each anglec of rotation.
In step 803, determine whether to allow static state and dynamic equilibrium.Realize and to determine based on predetermined threshold.About threshold value, can adopt same threshold value for static and dynamic equilibrium, or therefore can adopt independent threshold.
If do not allow static state and dynamic equilibrium, then send warning in step 805.This warning is accompanied by its size indication static and dynamic unbalance.Under the control of operator's console 300, display 302 is finished this indication.The part of the X ray CT system that is made up of operator's console 300 and display 302 is the example of the alarm device that comprises among the present invention.Adjust balance in step 807 based on warning and indication.
Carried out the work that begins and finish with the balance adjustment with preliminary surveying with not bringing into object in the gantry chamber (bore).The step of regulating product in factory, or when operating point is installed product, carry out this work.In addition, can regularly carry out or when safeguarding, carry out arbitrarily this work.
If allow static state and dynamic equilibrium, then carry out scanning in step 809.Thereby rotor 402 is with normal speed rotation, and is installed in epitrochanterian X irradiation/checkout equipment and obtains X ray signal from a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object.
In the time of scanning, measure absolute displacement in step 811.Thereby, measure each three-dimensional absolute displacement that takes place constantly in scan period.Measured value with respect to the three-dimensional absolute displacement of each anglec of rotation storage indication.
Based on this measured value, in step 813 correction data.By proofreading and correct the respectively component of the X ray signal of emission at expression view center (being anglec of rotation center), realize the data correction.The represented view center of X ray component of signal of emission obviously remains unchanged.In fact, the view center changes with the three-dimensional absolute displacement of rotor 402.Therefore, use, proofread and correct the component of the X ray signal of the emission of representing the view center by measuring the value that three-dimensional absolute displacement obtains.
Finish after the correction, the X ray signal of emission is used at step 815 reconstructed image.Because the correction of the component of signal at expression view center, thus offset in the represented view of the X ray component of signal of emission in the heart X, Y and the error of Z direction.Therefore, reconstructed image is enjoyed high-quality.
[label]
10: object
100: scanning support
110:X irradiation/checkout equipment
The 130:X ray tube
132: focus
The 134:X ray
The 150:X ray detector
The 152:X ray plane of incidence
154: detecting unit
200: workbench
202: table top
204: support
206: support column
300: operator's console
402: rotor
404: bearing
406: bracket
502,504,506: pick off
602: the eddy current changer
604: the velocity inertial changer
606: adder
622: coil
624: detected object
644: coil
646: magnetic circuit
648: detected object
650: spring
710: supply unit
720: amplifier installation
730: data acquisition facility
740: rotation angle sensor
750: memorizer
760: data correction apparatus
770: balance adjusting device

Claims (5)

1. X ray CT system, it uses at the X of gantry internal rotation irradiation/checkout equipment and obtains X ray signal from a plurality of emissions of the expression view of object, and based on the X ray signal reconstruction image of described emission, and described X ray CT system comprises:
Measuring device, comprise being included in the pick off and the rotation angle sensor that is used for measuring each anglec of rotation that produces with the corresponding X irradiation/checkout equipment of each three-dimensional absolute displacement that being used in the described gantry measured the three-dimensional absolute displacement of described X irradiation/checkout equipment, described three-dimensional absolute displacement is derived from the vibration that takes place during the rotation; And
Correcting unit, the three-dimensional absolute displacement and the corresponding with it anglec of rotation that are used for measuring based on described measuring device are proofreaied and correct the X ray signal of described a plurality of emissions of expression view.
2. X ray CT as claimed in claim 1 system, wherein said correction represent the component of X ray signal of the emission at view center.
3. X ray CT as claimed in claim 2 system wherein realizes being used to detecting the pick off of the three-dimensional absolute displacement of described X irradiation/checkout equipment with three synthetic changers.
4. X ray CT as claimed in claim 3 system, wherein said synthetic changer comprises: the velocity inertial changer, detect the displacement of described gantry; The eddy current changer detects the displacement of described X irradiation/checkout equipment with respect to described gantry; And adder, the detection signal that described velocity inertial changer and described eddy current changer are produced adds up.
5. as each described X ray CT system among the claim 1-4, also comprise alarm device, described alarm device is used for measuring according to described measuring device the value of three-dimensional absolute displacement and sends warning.
CNB2005100811958A 2005-06-23 2005-06-23 X-ray CT system Expired - Fee Related CN100473347C (en)

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JP2006011044A JP4810239B2 (en) 2005-06-23 2006-01-19 X-ray CT system

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