CN100464053C - An external solar shading system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost photovoltaic building assembly component, which belongs to the field of solar energy applications. The solar cell component of the invention is a multifunctional and economical outdoor sunshade system capable of generating electricity. The technical feature is that the solar cell (5) and the fixed plate (4) are fixed to the photovoltaic components on both sides of the fixed frame, and the intervals are orderly, which can shade and generate electricity like blinds; the power output cable of the solar cell (5) Line (13) draws positive and negative electrodes in fixed plate (4). The angle of the light-receiving surface of the solar cell (5) can be adjusted. Its structure is simple, the effect of shading and energy saving is remarkable, and conforms to architectural aesthetics.

Description

An external solar shading system

technical field

The invention discloses a low-cost photovoltaic building component, which belongs to the technical field of solar cell applications. This technology can be widely used in building exterior walls, domes, and windows to form multifunctional products that conform to architectural aesthetics and can generate electricity and sunshade.

technical background

At present, energy-saving technologies related to buildings are mainly divided into two types: passive energy conservation and active energy conservation. For example, the external shading system related to buildings can effectively block light from entering the room, reduce the photothermal effect formed by outdoor sunlight in the room, keep the room at a suitable temperature, reduce the energy consumption of indoor air conditioners, and achieve energy saving effects, but it is still passive energy saving. Such as Chinese patent No. 03153518.6 "refractive light-transmitting louver sunshade system" and patent No. 200420015192.5 "splint-type fixed and rotatable glass sunshade" discloses that the sunshade can be turned freely. This structure has a high price but high flexibility. Active energy-saving technologies related to buildings, such as the "refrigerated sun visor" patent No. 03150927.4, use solar cooling tubes placed on the sun visor to shade during the day, and use the solar energy absorbed during the day for cooling at night, and some use solar water heaters A kind of sun-shading device is made by itself, as the "solar water heater sun-shading device" of the patent No. 03262243.0. In foreign countries, the degree of integration of solar photovoltaics and buildings has increased, and solar sunshades have begun to be integrated with solar cells and sunshades. The utility model relates to a fixed external solar sun visor, in which solar cells are additionally mounted on the sun visor, which is a fixed structure, and the structure prevents the solar sun visor from changing with changes in sunlight. Thin-film solar cell is one of the main directions to further reduce the production cost of solar cell, and it is a hotspot that countries all over the world invest huge sums of money to compete for development. At present, amorphous silicon solar cells are still the only large-scale commercial production of thin-film solar cells. Patent No. 200510033425.3 "Laminated Glass for Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells" discloses a kind of laminated glass that can generate electricity and is low in cost. It uses glass or flexible materials as the substrate, and processes it into a beautifully decorated, various shapes and specifications that can generate electric energy. solar photovoltaic laminated glass modules. Another purpose is to make the quick plug of the photoelectric panel of the photoelectric curtain wall glass into a standard part, an independent part, which can be connected with various lead-out electrodes. Patent No.: 2005100349047 "A Combined Photoelectric Template for Curtain Wall Glass", which provides a quick connector for photoelectric components of photoelectric curtain wall glass, quickly forms internal electrodes, and can be connected to various internal and external electrodes. .

Contents of the invention

To sum up, the maturity of existing technologies provides a good technical platform for the promotion and utilization of renewable energy, which can penetrate each other. In fact, solar photovoltaic technology can be combined with existing technologies, especially in the traditional construction industry or in future buildings. As mentioned above, the application of renewable energy can make buildings multi-functional, which can save energy and generate energy. 1+1>2 is a new concept brought out by the technology chain - multi-function.

The purpose of the present invention is to use thin-film solar cells, especially large-sized amorphous silicon solar cell module strips and sun visors composed of electrode connectors. The outdoor unit of the system.

Another purpose of the present invention is to combine with the existing technology to provide a sunshade made of low-cost photovoltaic building components, which can be used as building exterior walls, domes, windows, etc., and conforms to architectural aesthetics. The light-receiving surface of the solar cell sunshade can be adjusted to the best working condition, and at the same time, the indoor light distribution is uniform, and the light is comfortable and soft.

The task created by the present invention is realized according to the following technical solutions. The external solar sunshade system, the fixed frame composed of the first column and the second column is connected with the transmission device, and the transmission device includes the motor connected to the third shaft through a coupling. , the gear two on the shaft three meshes with the rack, which is characterized in that the two sides of the fixed frame are equipped with a solar cell and a fixed plate for fixing the battery to form a photovoltaic component that can be rotated in an orderly interval; the power supply of the solar cell The output cables lead out the positive and negative electrodes in the fixed plate, and the photovoltaic components are controlled by the control circuit. At both ends of the fixed plate that fixes the solar cells, shaft 1 and shaft 2 with bearings are respectively installed, and gears are installed on the said shaft 2. One meshes with the rack to form a rotating device to adjust the angle of the light-receiving surface of the solar cell.

形，在形封闭口的内后面有一T形槽，在其T形槽内有齿条的导向轨道。Its main feature is that the cross-sectional shape of the column one of said fixed mount is a rectangle, and a fixed hole cover is arranged on the circular hole of its inner surface, and the section of the column two is a Japanese-shaped opening on one side. The second Japanese-shaped column with an opening on one side can also be interpreted as

shape, in There is a T-shaped slot in the back of the shaped closed mouth, and the guide track of the tooth bar is arranged in its T-shaped slot.

The fixed plate for fixing the solar cell has a cross-section of a convex shape with an open bottom, the upper opening of the convex shape is a hexagonal through groove, and the lower opening is a T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped groove is connected to the hexagonal through groove. One side of the groove is connected. One end of shaft one and shaft two is a hexagonal prism, and the other end is a cylinder. There is a through hole in shaft two. The output cable of the solar cell power supply is in the hexagonal through groove of the solar cell fixing plate, passes through the through hole of the second axis, is connected in series/parallel on the outside of the column two, and outputs electric energy. The outer side of column two is buckled with a waterproof gusset, and the ports of column one and column two are all covered with rainproof and dust-proof loam cakes.

The purpose of the present invention, the external solar sun visor system, the fixed frame composed of the first column and the second column is connected with the transmission device, the transmission device includes the motor connected to the shaft three through the coupling, the gear two on the shaft three and the Rack meshing is characterized in that the fixed frame is fixed on the outer wall of the building, and the solar cell and the fixed plate for fixing the battery constitute a rotatable photovoltaic component, which is installed on both sides of the fixed frame in an orderly interval; the solar cell The power output cable leads the positive and negative electrode wires in the fixed plate, and the control circuit controls the photovoltaic components of the fixed plate consisting of the solar battery and the fixed battery. The two ends of the fixed plate are respectively installed with shaft one and shaft two with bearings. Said shaft 2 is equipped with a gear 1 which meshes with the rack to form a rotating device to adjust the angle of the light-receiving surface of the solar cell.

形，在

形封闭口的内后面有一T形槽，在其T形槽内有齿条的导向轨道。固定板的截面为底边开口的凸字形，凸字形的上口为一六边形通槽，下口是一T形槽，T形槽与六边形通槽的一边相贯通。轴一及轴二均为一头是六棱柱，另一头是圆柱，轴二中有一通孔，轴一及轴二的六棱柱端分别插在太阳能电池固定板的两端六边形通槽内。太阳能电池电源输出缆线在太阳能电池固定板的六边形通槽内，通过轴二的通孔，在立柱二的外侧串/并联，并输出电能。在立柱二的外侧扣有防水的扣板，在立柱一及立柱二的端口均盖有防雨、灰尘的上盖。The cross-sectional shape of the column one of the fixed frame is a rectangle, and there is a fixed hole cover on the circular hole on its inner surface.

shape, in

There is a T-shaped slot in the back of the shaped closed mouth, and the guide track of the tooth bar is arranged in its T-shaped slot. The section of the fixing plate is a convex shape with an opening at the bottom, the upper opening of the convex shape is a hexagonal through groove, and the lower opening is a T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped groove communicates with one side of the hexagonal through groove. One end of shaft one and shaft two is a hexagonal prism, and the other end is a cylinder. There is a through hole in shaft two. The output cable of the solar cell power supply is in the hexagonal through groove of the solar cell fixing plate, passes through the through hole of the second axis, is connected in series/parallel on the outside of the column two, and outputs electric energy. The outer side of column two is buckled with a waterproof gusset, and the ports of column one and column two are all covered with rainproof and dust-proof loam cakes.

The positive effect produced by the invention is mainly that the mechanism is simple and the functions are diverse, which not only conforms to the architectural aesthetics, but also can adjust the light-receiving surface of the solar cell sunshade, so that the indoor light distribution is uniform, the light is comfortable and soft, and the renewable energy can be fully utilized. generate electricity.

Description of drawings

The following will be further explained according to the accompanying drawings

Fig. 1, overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a B-B sectional view in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the rotating system of the present invention.

”形，在“

”形封闭口的内后面有一T形槽，在日字形的开口两边有内凹槽用来钩住扣板9的钩爪，在日字形的内、外两侧面加工有固定盖板8及轴承10的圆孔，扣板9的截面形状是一面开口的矩形，在开口两边有向外凸起的钩爪来和立柱二7扣紧，太阳能电池的固定板4的截面形状像一底边开口的凸字形，凸字形的上口是一六边形通槽，下口是一T形槽，将太阳能电池5从太阳能电池固定板4的侧面T形插槽口插入固定在太阳能电池固定板4上，并将太阳能电池5的太阳能电池输出缆线13放在太阳能电池固定板4的背面六边形通槽内，轴一3及轴二6均为一头是六棱柱一头是圆柱的轴，轴二6中心还有一通孔，轴一3及轴二6的六棱柱端分别插在太阳能电池固定板4的两端六边形通槽内，在轴一3及轴二6的另一圆柱轴端均装有轴承，轴一3上的轴承外圈，固定安装在杯形孔盖8上的杯形孔内，孔盖8又安装在立柱一1的孔内，作为可转动电池条的一个支点。轴二6上的轴承外圈固定安装在立柱二7上的外侧面加工的孔内，作为可转动电池条的另一个支点，在轴二6的中部的六棱轴上装有齿轮一12，齿轮一12与插在立柱二7上的槽内的齿条11啮合，当齿条11在外力作用下上下运动时带动齿轮12转动，齿轮12又带动轴二6转动，轴二6又带动太阳能电池固定板4转动，最后实现安装在电池固定板4上的太阳能电池5发生转动。太阳能电池板输出缆线13顺着太阳能电池固定板4的六边形通槽内穿过轴二6的通孔到立柱二7的外侧进行串/并联，使电源走线隐蔽，不会外露影响美观，然后将太阳能电池产生的电输送出去，接好线后，在立柱二7的外侧扣上扣板9，容易接线又可以防水，在立柱一1及立柱二7的端口均盖有上盖2，以防雨水、灰尘等落入。As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, 1, column one, 2, upper cover, 3, shaft one, 4, solar cell fixing plate, 5, solar cell, 6, shaft two, 7, column two, 8 , hole cover, 9, buckle plate, 10, bearing, 11, rack, 12, gear one, 13, solar panel output line, 14, motor, 15, coupling, 16, shaft three, 17, gear two , wherein column one 1 and column two 7 are fixed frames for sun visors, which are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the outer wall or window to form a fixed system, motor 14, coupling 15, shaft three 16, gear two 17 and gear Bar 11 constitutes a transmission system, shaft one 3, solar fixed plate 4, shaft two 6, gear one 12 and bearing 10 constitute a rotating system, working principle: use a remote controller to make the motor 14 rotate through the control circuit, and the motor 14 passes through the shaft coupling 15 Drive gear 2 17 to rotate, the rotation of gear 2 17 makes the gear rack 11 of meshing move up and down, the up and down motion of rack 11 drives gear 1 12 to rotate, and the rotation of gear 12 drives solar cell fixed plate 4 to rotate again through shaft 2 6, Realize the rotation of the solar cell 5 . Column one 1, column two 7, solar cell fixing plate 4 and gusset plate 9 are all extruded profiles. The cross-sectional shape of column one 1 is rectangular, and the inner side is processed with a round hole for fixing hole cover 8. The cross section of column two 7 The shape is a Japanese-shaped opening on one side, and a T-shaped groove is arranged at the inner back of the Japanese-shaped to be used for guiding the motion track of the tooth bar 11. The second Japanese-shaped column with an opening on one side can also be interpreted as a cross-section of "

"shape, in"

There is a T-shaped groove on the inner back of the "shaped closed mouth. There are inner grooves on both sides of the Japanese-shaped opening to hook the claws of the buckle plate 9. The fixed cover plate 8 and bearings are processed on the inner and outer sides of the Japanese-shaped 10, the cross-sectional shape of the pinch plate 9 is a rectangle with one side opening, and there are outwardly protruding claws on both sides of the opening to fasten with the column two 7, and the cross-sectional shape of the fixing plate 4 of the solar cell is like a bottom opening The convex shape, the upper opening of the convex shape is a hexagonal through groove, and the lower opening is a T-shaped slot, and the solar battery 5 is inserted and fixed on the solar battery fixing plate 4 from the T-shaped slot opening on the side of the solar battery fixing plate 4. put the solar cell output cable 13 of the solar cell 5 in the hexagonal slot on the back of the solar cell fixing plate 4, the shaft one 3 and the shaft two 6 are shafts with a hexagonal prism at one end and a cylinder at the other. There is also a through hole in the center of the second 6, and the hexagonal column ends of the axis one 3 and the axis two 6 are respectively inserted in the hexagonal through grooves at the two ends of the solar cell fixing plate 4, and the other cylindrical axis of the axis one 3 and the axis two 6 Both ends are equipped with bearings, and the outer ring of the bearing on the shaft-3 is fixedly installed in the cup-shaped hole on the cup-shaped hole cover 8, and the hole cover 8 is installed in the hole of the column-1, as a part of the rotatable battery bar. Fulcrum. The outer ring of the bearing on the shaft two 6 is fixedly installed in the hole processed on the outer surface of the column two 7, as another fulcrum of the rotatable battery bar, a gear one 12 is mounted on the hexagonal shaft in the middle of the shaft two 6 , the gear one 12 meshes with the rack 11 inserted in the groove on the column two 7, when the rack 11 moves up and down under the action of external force, it drives the gear 12 to rotate, and the gear 12 drives the shaft two 6 to rotate, and the shaft two 6 drives the The solar battery fixing plate 4 rotates, and finally the solar battery 5 installed on the battery fixing plate 4 rotates. The solar battery panel output cable 13 passes through the shaft 2 along the hexagonal slot of the solar battery fixing plate 4. Connect the through hole to the outside of the column 27 for series/parallel connection, so that the power wiring is concealed and will not be exposed to affect the appearance, and then the electricity generated by the solar cell is sent out. 9. It is easy to connect and can be waterproof. The ports of column one 1 and column two 7 are all covered with upper cover 2 to prevent rainwater, dust, etc. from falling into.

Detailed ways

example 1,

See Fig. 1, on the outer wall of building, the solar sunshade product of the present invention is installed outside the window of a width of 1 meter and a height of 1.2 meters toward due west. The first column 1, the second column 7 and the pinch plate 9 are made of extruded aluminum profiles, and the outer surface is oxidized and insulated. They are fixed on the wall outside the window by pulling nails. The solar cell 5 is 1.2 meters long, 60 mm wide, and 3 mm thick. The amorphous silicon solar cell 5 with a working voltage of 20V and a working current of 50mA is mounted on a solar cell fixing plate 4 with a wall thickness of 3 mm and an extruded aluminum profile with oxidation and insulation treatment on the surface. The first shaft 3 and the second shaft 6 are made of stainless steel. , and the regular hexagonal groove of the solar cell fixing plate 4 adopts a transition tight fit, the gear one 12, the gear two 17 and the rack 11 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which can be formed by a mold and has self-lubricating characteristics. The solar cell 5 The spacing is 100 mm, and there are 9 strips in total. After connecting them in parallel on the outside of the column 2 7, they are introduced into the room, and then the gussets 9 are covered. Assuming that the sun is strong in the west, it absorbs heat during the day and produces a heat island effect. The average sunshine time of the west wall is 4 hours, and the solar cells can generate 0.036 kWh of electricity per day. In addition, due to the shading effect, the indoor temperature is reduced, the use of air conditioners is reduced, and the actual energy saving is nearly 1 kWh of electricity per day.

Example 2,

With reference to Fig. 1, do the translucent dome of large-span building object. The first column 1, the second column 7 and the pinch plate 9 are made of extruded aluminum profiles, and the outer surface is oxidized and insulated. They are fixed on the outer wall of the roof by pulling nails, and several solar cells are selected according to the design requirements. The length of 5 is 1.2 meters. , Amorphous silicon solar cell 5 with a width of 60 mm and a thickness of 3 mm, made into a standard photovoltaic module electric module, with a working voltage of 20V and a working current of 50mA, installed on an extruded aluminum profile with a wall thickness of more than 3 mm and surface oxidation and insulation treatment On the fixed plate 4 of the solar cell, low-power photovoltaic components are used to form a standard module, and the amorphous silicon solar cell 5 is connected in series and parallel with quick connectors. Templates for quick connectors. The formation of solar cell photovoltaic quickly forms internal electrodes in series/parallel connection, and forms a battery array with external power supply output cables 13 (not shown). The power generation and shading area are greatly improved.

Relevant public materials prove that the working environment and time range of the amorphous silicon solar cell 5 are relatively wide. 2.3 megawatts of amorphous silicon solar cells generate electricity, which is equivalent to reducing CO ₂ emissions by 1280 tons per year. Moreover, amorphous silicon solar cells are used in a large area, and the amorphous silicon film itself has no light pollution. The metal back of the film can reflect solar radiation, reducing the "heat island effect" generated by solar radiation in a small area in a local area or it is not easy to form a local solar cell. Regional "heat island effect". Statistics show that the kWh of electricity generated by solar cells is equivalent to 1 horsepower air conditioner working for 1.5 hours; equivalent to heating 8 kg of water to 100°C; equivalent to 0.4 kg of standard coal for power generation; equivalent to reducing 0.997 kg of carbon dioxide, equivalent to 860400 calories of heat equivalent. The sun visor made of solar cells can be well combined with traditional wood, cement and metal sun visors. The back electrode of the solar cell reflects heat, especially the amorphous silicon solar cell has no light pollution, and the back electrode of the battery reflects heat, so the effect of power generation and sunshade is remarkable.

In recent years, experiments in the Shenzhen area to promote the integration of solar cells and photovoltaic building materials on building roofs and walls have achieved some results. The positive significance of the invention is to test that the use of amorphous solar cells for sunshade power generation is a multi-functional, economical, low-cost power generation, sunshade, and conforms to architectural aesthetics.

Claims (10)

1. An external solar sunshade system, wherein, the fixed frame made of column one (1) and column two (7) is connected with a transmission, and the transmission comprises a motor (14), a shaft coupling (15) , axle three (16), gear two (17) and rack (11), said motor (14) connects axle three (16) by coupling (15), and the gear two on its axle three (16) (17) Engaging with the rack (11), it is characterized in that the solar cell (5) and the fixed plate (4) fixing the battery constitute a rotatable photovoltaic member, and are installed in both sides of the fixed frame in an orderly interval, Said fixed plate (4) cross-section is a convex shape with a bottom edge opening, the upper opening of this convex shape is a hexagonal through groove, and the lower opening is a T-shaped groove, and one side of the T-shaped groove and the hexagonal through groove Interconnected; the power output cable (13) of the solar cell (5) draws the positive and negative electrodes in the fixed plate (4), and the photovoltaic component is controlled by the control circuit, and the fixed plate (4) of the solar cell (5) is fixed The two ends are equipped with shaft one (3) and shaft two (6) with bearings (10) respectively, and gear one (12) is housed on said shaft two (6) to mesh with the rack (11) to form a rotation device for adjusting the angle of the light-receiving surface of the solar cell (5). 2. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the column one (1) of said fixing frame is a rectangle, and there is a fixing hole on the circular hole on its inner surface Cover (8), the section of column two (7) is

shape, in

There is a T-shaped groove behind the inner back of the shaped closed mouth, and the guide track of the tooth bar (11) is arranged in the said T-shaped groove. 3. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 1, characterized in that said axis one (3) and axis two (6) are a hexagonal prism at one end, the other end is a cylinder, and axis two (6) has a through hole, and the hexagonal prism ends of shaft one (3) and shaft two (6) are respectively inserted in the hexagonal through grooves at both ends of the solar cell fixing plate (4). 4. An external solar sunshade system according to claim 3, characterized in that said solar battery (5) power supply output cable (13) is connected to the hexagonal channel of the solar battery fixing plate (4). In the groove, through the through hole in the shaft two (6), connect in series/parallel on the outside of the column two (7), and output electric energy. 5. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer side of said column two (7) is buckled with a waterproof gusset (9), and the column one (1) and column The ports of two (7) are all covered with rainproof, dust loam cake (2). 6. An external solar sunshade system, wherein, a fixed frame and a transmission device composed of a column one (1) and a column two (7), the transmission device includes a motor (14), a shaft coupling (15), Axle three (16), gear two (17) and tooth bar (11), said motor (14) connects axle three (16) by coupling (15), and the gear two (16) on its axle three (16) 17) Engaging with the rack (11), it is characterized in that the fixed frame is fixed on the outer wall of the building, and the solar cell (5) and the fixed plate (4) fixing the battery constitute a rotatable photovoltaic component, with an interval of The sequence is contained in the fixed frame both sides, and the section of said fixed plate (4) is a convex shape with a bottom edge opening, the upper opening of this convex shape is a hexagonal through groove, and the lower opening is a T-shaped groove, T The groove is connected to one side of the hexagonal through groove; the power output cable (13) of the solar cell (5) leads the positive and negative electrode wires in the fixed plate (4), and the photovoltaic component is controlled by the control circuit, and the fixed plate The two ends of (4) are equipped with axle one (3) and axle two (6) with bearing (10) respectively, and gear one (12) is housed on said axle two (6) and gear rack (11) engagement , constitute a rotating device to adjust the angle of the light-receiving surface of the solar cell (5). 7. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the column one (1) of said fixing frame is a rectangle, and there is a fixing hole on the circular hole on its inner surface Cover (8), the section of column two (7) is

shape, in

There is a T-shaped groove behind the inner back of the shaped closed mouth, and the guide track of the tooth bar (11) is arranged in the said T-shaped groove. 8. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 6, characterized in that said axis one (3) and axis two (6) are a hexagonal prism at one end, and a cylinder at the other end, and axis two (6) has a through hole, and the hexagonal prism ends of shaft one (3) and shaft two (6) are respectively inserted in the hexagonal through grooves at both ends of the solar cell fixing plate (4). 9. An external solar sunshade system according to claim 8, characterized in that said solar battery (5) power supply output cable (13) is connected to the hexagonal channel of the solar battery fixing plate (4). In the groove, pass through the through hole of the shaft two (6), connect in series/parallel on the outside of the column two (7), and output electric energy. 10. A kind of external solar sunshade system according to claim 9, characterized in that a waterproof gusset (9) is buckled on the outside of said column two (7), and a waterproof gusset (9) is attached to the column one (1) and column The ports of two (7) are all covered with rainproof, dust loam cake (2).

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