CN100453960C - Optical control nano second electric igniter - Google Patents
Optical control nano second electric igniter Download PDFInfo
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- CN100453960C CN100453960C CNB2006100429277A CN200610042927A CN100453960C CN 100453960 C CN100453960 C CN 100453960C CN B2006100429277 A CNB2006100429277 A CN B2006100429277A CN 200610042927 A CN200610042927 A CN 200610042927A CN 100453960 C CN100453960 C CN 100453960C
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- medium crack
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an optical control nanosecond electric igniter which comprises a medium gap electric igniter. The medium gas electric igniter is connected with an ultra-fast photoconductive switch and a safety switch in series to form a series circuit. The series circuit is connected with an energy storing element in series to form a closed loop. The cathode of the energy storing element is connected with the ground. The optical control nanosecond electric igniter of the present invention overcomes the defects of the existing electric ignition technology and the existing laser ignition technology, has the characteristics of the resistance of electromagnetic radiation interference and static electricity damage, and has high sensitivity and quick response speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the new application of photoconductivity switching in military field, relates to a kind of igniter, particularly a kind of optical control nano second electric igniter that utilizes laser instrument, photoconductivity switching and medium crack to constitute.
Background technology
Electric ignition device is a kind of firer's device that detonates by electric energy.Its sensitivity sensitivity, reliable effect, and have low-power input and response fast can make explosive comprise that pyrotechnical detonates, and therefore is widely used in weaponry such as present cannon, guided missile and the numerous civil blast system.But electric ignition device is very responsive, may import owing to the multiple electric energy of any frequency, and the detonating charge position is caused heat effect, and it is detonated; Also may make the startup too early of firing circuit switch and it is detonated.Exist potential safety hazard.In the modern battlefield, electromagnetic environment is the coefficient combinational environments of various electromagnetic energies, and along with the extensive use of various powerful military radars, communication equipment and electronic warfare equipment, electromagnetic environment worsens day by day.Meanwhile, various high, precision and frontier weaponrys use microelectronic component and electro explosive device in a large number, cause the electromagnetic susceptibility of weaponry to improve, and anti-electromagnetism is injured ability drop.Both at home and abroad too much cause electromagnetic interference taking place once and caused the incident of electric ignition device accidental ignition.[Chen Yazhou, George army, Liu Shanghe etc. Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse is to the ignition hazard Journal of Sex Research of electric spark workpiece. war industry's journal, Vol.22 (3), 2001:419-422|.
The laser ignition technology is a kind of method of utilizing laser light energy that powder composition is ignited or igniting, compares its superiority with conventional electric ignition system and is: (1) can be avoided owing to mistakenly launching that static discharge, electromagnetic field and stray electrical current etc. cause; (2) there is not the corrosion phenomenon of bridge silk in the sequence in igniting; (3) adopt beam split and beam splitting technology, the laser energy of Optical Fiber Transmission is carried out secondary distribution, make the multi-point spark system, this technology is used for large caliber gun, can improve ignition performance effectively, improve artillery shooting security and precision: (4) ignition system is that line is installed, under the situation that does not influence security of system, can carry out self check to ignition system, remove the complicated mechanical security system from.(5) the output energy of laser is adjustable, and the insensitive gunpowder and the pyrotechnic compound that can not adopt under the conventional ignition condition are applied, and has improved the shooting performance of cannon.(6) avoided in ignitron damage, disengaging and the cartridging throw-off distances etc. to the influence of ignition performance, improved the shooting security, that but the laser ignition technology also exists is less than normal as the power output of laser instrument cost height, laser diode) shortcoming such as the weight bearing power of optical fiber is strong inadequately, adhesion is not mature enough, make its extensive use be subjected to obstruction.[Zhang Huisheng, Zhang Xiaobing, Yuan Yaxiong etc. laser ignition technology summary in the large caliber gun. trajectory journal .Vol.9,1997:90-95],
Therefore, research possesses electromagnetic protection ability and antistatic harm ability, the sensitivity sensitivity, and reliable effect, responding rapidly, igniter has important practical value and military benefit.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the defective of electric ignition technology and laser ignition technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of optical control nano second electric igniter of forming by laser instrument, photoconductivity switching and medium crack, this device has not only that anti-electromagnetic-radiation disturbs and the characteristics of electrostatic hazard, and sensitivity sensitivity, response speed are fast.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, optical control nano second electric igniter comprises medium crack electric ignition device, and medium crack electric ignition device is connected with ultrafast photoconductivity switching, safety switch, above-mentioned series circuit also constitutes closed-loop path, the minus earth of energy-storage travelling wave tube with the energy-storage travelling wave tube polyphone.
Characteristics of the present invention also are stored in:
The igniting medicine that medium crack electric ignition device is filled by medium crack and gap, medium crack is formed.
Medium crack electric ignition device also can be composed in series by electric ignition device and medium crack.
The structure in medium crack is. in dielectric cavity, the copper conductor that two diameters are 1mm～4mm is arranged on the axis of dielectric cavity or paraxial position, leaves the space of 0.4mm～0.5mm between two copper conductors.
Energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises the ignition power supply, and the power supply of getting angry is in parallel with electric capacity, gets angry at connecting a resistance between power supply and the electric capacity.
The power supply of getting angry is the continuous adjustable high-voltage power supply of 4000V～5000V, and above-mentioned capacitance is greater than 0.01 μ F, and above-mentioned resistance value is 10M Ω.
The photoconductive material of ultrafast photoconductivity switching is selected Si, GaAs or InP for use, and switch gap is 0.5～8mm.
Optical control nano second electric igniter of the present invention, compare with existing electric ignition system: (1) this device can be avoided owing to mistakenly launching that static discharge, electromagnetic field and stray electrical current etc. cause; (2) there is not the corrosion phenomenon of bridge silk; (3) electric current in the ignition point circuit is up to youngster's kilo-ampere, and the energy height of release can make the insensitive gunpowder and the pyrotechnic compound that can not adopt under the conventional ignition condition be applied, and has improved the shooting performance of weapon.Compare this device sensitivity sensitivity, response speed fast (nanosecond) with existing laser-ignition unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing electric ignition device------one pole ignition system circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is another kind of embodiment circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the measurement circuit figure to optical control nano second electric igniter of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1 ignition power supply, 2 safety switches, 3 ignition switches, 4 electric ignition devices, 5 medium crack electric ignition devices, 6 protective resistances, 7 electric capacity, 8 ultrafast photoconductivity switchings, 9 medium cracks, 10 sample resistances, 11 oscillographs, 12 attenuators.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with concrete enforcement power formula below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 provides existing electric ignition device---the circuit theory diagrams of one pole ignition system, electric ignition device 4 is connected with ignition switch 3, safety switch 2, and with get angry power supply 1 and constitute the loop, electromagnetic wave can and be got angry at electric ignition device induce sizable electric current on the annex such as line.Though the one pole shielding line can be designed to can keep safety and reliable the use to the one pole ignition system by the method that adopts shielding and filtering in the regulation radiation environment, but ignition switch still is easy to produce voltage breakdown because of the big electric current that the electromagnetic interference of other form is responded to, and causes to mistakenly launch.
Optical control nano second electric igniter of the present invention is connected with ultrafast photoconductivity switching 8, safety switch 2 by medium crack electric ignition device 5, and constitutes closed-loop path, the minus earth of energy-storage travelling wave tube with the energy-storage travelling wave tube polyphone.Adopt pulse laser, the pulsed laser beam of its outgoing is beaten between two electrodes of ultrafast photoconductivity switching 8, the control single pulse energy is greater than 2 μ J, and light impulse length is not more than nanosecond order.Pulse laser is with the control of independent Electronic Control and security system, the insurance of this system remove need by two independently security parameters control.
The present invention replaces existing ignition switch with ultrafast photoconductivity switching, replace existing bridge silk with the medium crack, be used for igniting, the structure in medium of the present invention crack is, in dielectric cavity, two diameters copper conductor that is 1mm～4mm is arranged on the axis of dielectric cavity or paraxial position, leaves the space of 0.4mm～0.5mm between two copper conductors.Energy-storage travelling wave tube can adopt the ignition power supply in parallel with electric capacity, and adds the mode of protective resistance in this parallel circuit, and the power supply of wherein getting angry is the continuous adjustable high-voltage power supply of 4000V～5000V, and above-mentioned capacitance is greater than 0.01 μ F, and above-mentioned resistance value is selected 10M Ω for use.Ultrafast photoconductivity switching is to utilize the ultrafast pulse laser instrument to combine with photoconductor and a kind of novel photoelectric device of growing up, and photoelectric conductor material is selected Si, GaAs, InP etc., switch gap 0.5～8mm for use.Because this device has triggerless and rocks, open and close speed is fast, parasitic capacitance, inductance is little, high repetition frequency, characteristic of simple structure, especially high pressure resistant, bear and superior performance arranged aspect the high power capacity.Unglazed according to the time, photoconductivity switching has very high dark electric resistance, is example with 3mm GaAs switch, its resistance can reach tens megaohms during dark attitude.When triggering with the ultrafast pulse laser instrument, switch resistance can reduce rapidly, and the rise time that this moment, output electric pulse had psec is in order to ensure laser instrument startups that do not meet accident, Electronic Control and security system that needs are independent.The insurance of this system remove need by two independently security parameters control.When receiving firing order, laser control circuit makes pulse laser work, and laser pulses irradiate makes switch conduction on photoconductive switch, through after the time of several nanoseconds, the conducting of medium crack, the very high energy that discharges at the medium gap location is lighted ignition charge, finishes the igniting task.
Apparatus of the present invention have intrinsic security, with regard to element, are not subjected to the influence of electromagnetic radiation, static; With regard to whole device, explosive and pyrotechnic compound and power-supply system have reached isolation, therefore, on element and single unit system security are strengthened.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment provided by the invention.Medium crack electric ignition device 5 adopts in dielectric cavity, two diameters copper conductor that is 1mm is arranged on the axis of dielectric cavity or paraxial position, and the space of 0.4mm is stayed in the polishing of copper conductor cross section between two copper conductors, and gap filling point gunpowder is formed.Energy-storage travelling wave tube adopts ignition power supply 1 in parallel with electric capacity 7, and adds protective resistance 6 in this parallel circuit, and the power supply 1 of wherein getting angry is the 4000V high voltage source; Resistance is 10M Ω, plays the effect of protection power supply when capacitor charges; Capacitor is satisfying under the prerequisite of breakdown voltage greater than 6000V, and electric capacity is the bigger the better, because electric capacity is big more, the electric energy of storage is big more, and is favourable more to igniting; Safety switch 2 is identical with safety switch in traditional traditional electrical igniter 4; Ultrafast photoconductivity switching 8 is a 3mm SI-GaAs switch, and dark electric resistance is greater than youngster's ten megaohms, and on state resistance is by triggering the luminous energy decision.
Fig. 3 is another embodiment provided by the invention.Medium crack electric ignition device 5 adopts the electric ignition device 4 with prior art to be composed in series with medium crack 9, the copper conductor that medium crack 9 is 4mm by two diameters is arranged on the axis of dielectric cavity or paraxial position, the polishing of copper conductor cross section, stay the 0.5mm gap between two copper conductors: the power supply of getting angry is the 5000V high-voltage power supply, capacitance is 0.12 μ F, and resistance value is 10M Ω.
When being in the duties state,, there is not any potential safety hazard because fuse does not power up.When in running order, the power supply of getting angry charges to capacitor, and charging process was finished in blink.Because the existence of safety switch and ultrafast photoconductivity switching, this moment, circuit disconnected, so explosive and pyrotechnic compound and power-supply system have reached isolation.Because during dark attitude, the resistance of photoconductivity switching is very big, after the safety switch conducting, nearly all voltage all is added on the photoconductivity switching, and the voltage at two ends, medium crack levels off to zero.This moment, the electric field in the medium was much smaller than the breakdown electric field of medium, and medium can conducting, so circuit is in off state, no current in the circuit.After receiving firing order, laser control circuit makes pulse laser work, laser beam is radiated at and makes switch in the conducting rapidly in the time of tens nanoseconds of tens psecs on the photoconductivity switching, at this moment switch resistance reduces rapidly, the voltage at its two ends reduces thereupon, thereby the voltage at two ends, medium crack is increased sharply.At this moment, the electric field in the medium is far longer than the breakdown electric field of medium, the medium conducting.Because the voltage at two ends, medium crack is very high before the conducting, the place has stored very high electric energy in the medium crack, and after the conducting of medium crack, the electric energy of storage therebetween discharges with the form of heat energy rapidly, and the point of ignition gunpowder is finished the igniting task.
According to the embodiment that Fig. 2 provides, below be the test that the present invention is carried out.
(1) energy of ignition point medium gap release
Fig. 4 is the test philosophy figure of experiment, and the power supply 1 of wherein getting angry is 0～10000V adjustable high voltage power supply; Resistance 6 is 10M Ω, plays the effect of protection power supply when capacitor 7 chargings; Capacitor is the capacitor parallel connection of 12 0.01 μ F; Ultrafast photoconductivity switching 8 is a 3mm SI-GaAs switch, and dark electric resistance is greater than tens megaohms, and on state resistance is by triggering the luminous energy decision; Medium crack 9 is two diameter 1mm copper conductors, the cross section polishing, and the 0.4mm gap is left in the centre, is positioned in the air, so medium is an air therebetween.Laser instrument is the nanosecond YAG laser instrument, and about pulsewidth 3.5ns, the luminous energy during experiment is 1.85mJ.Sample resistance 10 samplings by 0.1 Ω (behind 1～18G) the attenuator 12, enter oscillograph 11 through 60dB.Can calculate size of current in the circuit according to oscillographic output waveform.
When supply voltage is 4000V, can calculate by oscillographic output waveform that the peak value of electric current is higher than 5610A in the circuit.If average current is pressed current peak
Calculate, and voltage is also pressed charging voltage
Calculate, can estimate electric current injects energy to ignition charge at the place, the air gap mean power:
Wherein, P is a power, and I is an electric current, and U is a voltage.
And the width of electric pulse is about 10ns, therefore can estimate electric pulse and at air-gap switch place the energy that gunpowder injects is about 56.1mJ, promptly can inject the energy of 56.1mJ in the time of 10ns to gunpowder.And present general igniter is that the energy that is injected into many a few milli mJ/g to gunpowder in the time of μ S～mS can make ignition charge light, so adopt igniter of the present invention that various gunpowder are lighted.
(2) various pyrophoric ignition experiments
At supply voltage is 4000V, and under the condition of the single pulse energy 1.85mJ of laser, we are to several electric ignition medicine (KClO commonly used at present
3-C-DDNP, KClO
3-C, KClO
3-Sb
2O
3-DDNP) and laser point gunpowder (Ti-KClO
4, Zr-KClO
4, TiH
0.63-KClO
4, BKNO
3, BCTK) carry out igniting experiments, sparking rate is 100%.
Claims (7)
1. optical control nano second electric igniter, it is characterized in that comprise medium crack electric ignition device, medium crack electric ignition device is connected with ultrafast photoconductivity switching, safety switch, above-mentioned series circuit also constitutes closed-loop path, the minus earth of described energy-storage travelling wave tube with the energy-storage travelling wave tube polyphone.
2. according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the igniting medicine that described medium crack electric ignition device is filled by medium crack and gap, medium crack is formed.
3. according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described medium crack electric ignition device is composed in series by electric ignition device and medium crack.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described devices, it is characterized in that the structure in described medium crack is, in dielectric cavity, the copper conductor that two diameters are 1mm～4mm is arranged on the axis of dielectric cavity or paraxial position, leaves the space of 0.4mm～0.5mm between two copper conductors.
5. according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that described energy-storage travelling wave tube comprises the ignition power supply, the power supply of getting angry is in parallel with electric capacity, gets angry at connecting a resistance between power supply and the electric capacity.
6. according to the described device of claim 5, it is characterized in that described ignition power supply is the continuous adjustable high-voltage power supply of 4000～5000V, described capacitance is greater than 0.01 μ F, and described resistance value is 10M Ω.
7. according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the photoconductive material of described ultrafast photoconductivity switching is selected Si, GaAs or InP for use, switch gap is 0.5～8mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100429277A CN100453960C (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2006-06-06 | Optical control nano second electric igniter |
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| CNB2006100429277A CN100453960C (en) | 2006-06-06 | 2006-06-06 | Optical control nano second electric igniter |
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| CN100453960C true CN100453960C (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411484A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 南通迅翔自动化设备有限公司 | Safe ignition control circuit of electronic detonator |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101639229B (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-11-17 | 东北大学 | Sustained arc high energy electrostatic igniter and control method thereof |
| CN103312145A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-18 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 | Device for preventing mistaken explosions caused by electromagnetic interference in explosion-relevant operations |
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Patent Citations (4)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103411484A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 南通迅翔自动化设备有限公司 | Safe ignition control circuit of electronic detonator |
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