CN100425078C - Self-adaptive associated controlling method for coding speed and video quality in bit rate switchover - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a self-adaptive associated controlling method for encoding speed and video quality in code stream switchover. An encoding frame rate error is obtained after calculation, and then encoding speed controlling level is obtained through a self-defining encoding frame rate error threshold. According to the used encoding speed controlling level and a defined encoding accelerating rule, an encoder uses a corresponding encoding accelerating measure to reach the purpose of the associated control of encoding speed and the quality of a video image. In the self-adaptive associated controlling method for encoding speed and video quality in code stream switchover provided by the present invention, at the same time that the speed is ensured, the quality of an encoding image is increased as much as possible, and at the same time that the quality of the encoding image can be ensured, the encoding speed is increased as much as possible. The controlling algorithm has the advantage of low calculation complexity and is suitable for various software applications and the real-time work of hardware.

Description

The adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion

Technical field

The present invention relates to the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the conversion of a kind of code stream.

Background technology

In recent years a collection of digital audio/video encoding and decoding standard of Chu Xianing, representative have an international standard MPEG-1, H.263, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264/MPEG-4AVC, the autonomous standard A VS that formulates of China, WM9 that Microsoft releases or the like, these standards all relate to the different video range of application in actual applications.In order to exchange between the code stream that makes different standards, the code stream that is necessary for different standards carries out transcoding, in these code stream conversions, the problem of making us being concerned about most is coding rate and video quality, therefore how yet the two is interactional tight association, and the two relation of adaptive processing is exactly the emphasis of our research.

Summary of the invention

The adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in a kind of code stream conversion provided by the invention, in the speed of assurance, improve quality of coded picture as much as possible, simultaneously also can be when guaranteeing quality of coded picture, improve coding rate as far as possible, and this control algolithm computation complexity is very low, not only is fit to the various software application and the real-time working of suitable hardware.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the conversion of a kind of code stream, it comprises following steps:

Actual average frame per second av_fps in step 1, the calculation code process:

Use average frame by frame method, specifically be calculated as:

$t_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{(d\_\mathrm{fps}-1)\×{\stackrel{\_}{t}}_{\mathrm{av}}+t_{\mathrm{cur}}}{d\_\mathrm{fps}}---\left(1\right)$

$\mathrm{av}\_\mathrm{fps}=\frac{1}{t_{\mathrm{av}}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d_fps is a video frame rate, i.e. the display frame rate of video coding output code flow, t _CurBe the time of present frame coding, t _AvThe average scramble time for nearest d_fps frame, do not comprise present frame, t _AvBe the average scramble time of nearest d_fps frame, but comprise present frame, calculate t by formula (1) _AvAfter, by t _Av=t _AvAssignment is upgraded t _Av

Step 2, calculating target frame rate o_fps, the i.e. output frame rate of video encoder:

O_fps=d_fps+fps _{Other resource overheads}

Wherein, fps _{Other resource overheads}The frame per second of the resource occupation of other parts of presentation code system, its value can define voluntarily;

Step 3, calculation code frame per second error diff_fps:

diff_fps＝av_fps-o_fps；

Step 4, custom coding frame per second error threshold obtain coding rate control hierarchy:

Described coding rate control hierarchy is defined as from low to high successively: do not have and quicken, quicken slowly, medium acceleration, fast acceleration, the fastest acceleration;

Each section of custom coding frame per second error threshold, its respectively corresponding above-mentioned each different coding rate control hierarchy, value according to the present encoding frame per second error diff_fps that calculates in the step 3 is in the coding frame per second error threshold of which section, and correspondence obtains the coding rate control hierarchy that the time adopted at coding;

Step 5, according to the coding rate control hierarchy that is adopted, and defined coding quickens rule, makes encoder adopt the respective coding acceleration scheme, thereby reaches jointly controlling of coding rate and video image quality;

Described coding quickens regular each coding rate control hierarchy that is meant should distinguish the corresponding acceleration scheme that adopts, and its quality of coded picture and coding rate balance between the two according to actual conditions is formulated;

The factor that influences coding rate mainly is motion estimation module (concrete searching algorithm such as full search, three steps search scheduling algorithm) and DCT (discrete cosine transform) conversion, and the use that therefore reduces these modules will greatly improve coding rate.In the conversion of various criterion code stream, the information the when coding of current image frame can utilize it decoded, these information will help to improve coding rate;

It is that 0 information reduces the acceleration scheme of dct transform and the acceleration scheme of frame-skipping that described coding acceleration scheme comprises DCT coefficient in the acceleration scheme, decoded macroblock of acceleration scheme, the size block search pattern of acceleration scheme, the decoding motion vectors of acceleration scheme, the macroblock skip mode of intra-frame encoding mode;

If step 6 all images coding is finished, then finish the coding control procedure, otherwise, jump to step 1 and continue coding control.

The adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in a kind of code stream conversion provided by the invention, in the speed of assurance, improve quality of coded picture as much as possible, simultaneously also can be when guaranteeing quality of coded picture, improve coding rate as far as possible, and this control algolithm computation complexity is very low, not only is fit to the various software application and the real-time working of suitable hardware.

Embodiment

Below specify a kind of embodiment of the present invention:

The invention provides the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the conversion of a kind of code stream, it comprises following steps:

Actual average frame per second av_fps in step 1, the calculation code process:

Use average frame by frame method, specifically be calculated as:

$t_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{(d\_\mathrm{fps}-1){\×\stackrel{\_}{t}}_{\mathrm{av}}+t_{\mathrm{cur}}}{d\_\mathrm{fps}}---\left(1\right)$

$\mathrm{av}\_\mathrm{fps}=\frac{1}{t_{\mathrm{av}}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d_fps is a video frame rate, i.e. the display frame rate of video coding output code flow, t _CurBe the time of present frame coding, t _AvThe average scramble time for nearest d_fps frame, do not comprise present frame, t _AvBe the average scramble time of nearest d_fps frame, but comprise present frame, calculate t by formula (1) _AvAfter, by t _Av=t _AvAssignment is upgraded t _Av

Step 2, calculating target frame rate o_fps, the i.e. output frame rate of video encoder:

O_fps=d_fps+fps _{Other resource overheads}

D_fps is a video frame rate, i.e. the display frame rate of video coding output code flow; Fps _{Other resource overheads}By User Defined;

Step 3, calculation code frame per second error diff_fps:

diff_fps＝av_fps-o_fps；

Step 4, custom coding frame per second error threshold obtain coding rate control hierarchy:

Described coding rate control hierarchy is defined as from low to high successively: do not have and quicken, quicken slowly, medium acceleration, fast acceleration, the fastest acceleration.

Definition coding frame per second error threshold is 0,-2 ,-4 ,-6, then each error threshold section of its composition is distinguished corresponding above-mentioned each different coding rate control hierarchy, and the residing error threshold section of the frame per second of then encoding error diff_fps corresponding codes speed control rank is respectively:

Do not have and quicken: diff_fps 〉=0;

Slowly quicken :-2≤diff_fps＜0;

Medium acceleration :-4≤diff_fps＜-2;

The fast acceleration :-6≤diff_fps＜-4;

The fastest acceleration: diff_fps＜-6;

Step 5, according to the coding rate control hierarchy that adopts, and defined coding quickens rule, makes encoder adopt the respective coding acceleration scheme, thereby reaches jointly controlling of coding rate and video image quality;

Described coding quickens regular each coding rate control hierarchy that is meant should distinguish the corresponding acceleration scheme that adopts, and its quality of coded picture and coding rate balance between the two according to actual conditions is formulated; But be partial to coding rate in some application process more, then this moment, the formulation of rule should be inclined to the requirement fast of encoding; Be partial to quality of coded picture in some application process more, then this moment, the formulation of rule should be inclined to quality of coded picture;

Because it is various that described coding acceleration rule may change in actual applications, only provides some simple example at this:

1) when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, uses the acceleration scheme of intra-frame encoding mode;

2) when quickening to be superior to when quickening slowly, use the acceleration scheme of macroblock skip mode;

3) when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, the acceleration scheme of application decoder motion vector;

4) when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, do not adopt the acceleration scheme of fritter search pattern, otherwise, then adopt the acceleration scheme of fritter search pattern;

5) when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, the DCT coefficient is the acceleration scheme that 0 information reduces dct transform in the application decoder macro block;

6) when quickening rank, use the acceleration scheme of frame-skipping for the fastest acceleration;

That is, when adopting a kind of acceleration rank, will unite and use above-mentioned acceleration scheme:

When the acceleration rank is medium acceleration, the acceleration scheme of the acceleration scheme of use in conjunction macroblock skip mode and bulk search pattern;

When the acceleration rank is fast the acceleration, the acceleration scheme of use in conjunction intra-frame encoding mode, the acceleration scheme of macroblock skip mode, the acceleration scheme of decoding motion vectors, the acceleration scheme of bulk search pattern, the DCT coefficient is the acceleration scheme that 0 information reduces dct transform in the decoded macroblock;

When quickening rank for the fastest acceleration, the acceleration scheme of use in conjunction intra-frame encoding mode, the acceleration scheme of macroblock skip mode, the acceleration scheme of decoding motion vectors, the acceleration scheme of bulk search pattern, the DCT coefficient is the acceleration scheme that 0 information reduces dct transform in the decoded macroblock, the acceleration scheme of frame-skipping;

The acceleration scheme of described intra-frame encoding mode:, illustrate that then the high frequency grain details (as people's face place, the violent zone etc. of moving) that this macro block comprises is a lot of if be intraframe coding during the decoding of macro block; Quickening rank when high, carry out intraframe coding, will reduce motion search, raising coding rate, but intraframe coding will produce more overhead bit under the constant condition of code check, influences other macroblock encoding picture quality; Quickening rank when low, carry out interframe encode, will increase motion search, reduction coding rate, but produce less overhead bit under the constant condition of code check, will improve other macroblock encoding picture quality.

The acceleration scheme of described macroblock skip mode:, illustrate that then high frequency grain details that this macro block comprises seldom if be macroblock skip mode during the decoding of macro block; When the acceleration rank is high, use macroblock skip mode, will reduce motion search, improve coding rate, but use the quality of coded picture of macroblock skip mode not have the direct coding fashion; When the acceleration rank is low, do not use macroblock skip mode, will increase motion search, reduce coding rate, but improved quality of coded picture.

The acceleration scheme of described decoding motion vectors: when the acceleration rank is high, use decoding motion vectors, to reduce motion search, improve coding rate, but use the quality of coded picture of decoding motion vectors not use the quality of coded picture of the motion vector that motion search obtains good; When the acceleration rank is low, do not use decoding motion vectors, will increase motion search, reduce coding rate, but improved quality of coded picture.

The acceleration scheme of described different size block search patterns:, illustrate that then the texture information that this macro block comprises is less if be 16 * 16 block search patterns during the decoding of macro block; When the acceleration rank is high, use 16 * 16, will reduce motion search, improve coding rate, but the quality of coded picture that obtains there is not to use the quality of coded picture of littler block search good; Otherwise, when the acceleration rank is low, use 16 * 16,16 * 8,8 * 16,8 * 8 block search that grade is littler will increase motion search, reduce coding rate, but improve quality of coded picture;

The DCT coefficient is 0 acceleration scheme in the described decoded macroblock: if the DCT coefficient of some piece is 0 during the decoding of macro block, illustrate that then texture information that this macro block comprises seldom; Quickening rank when high, the DCT coefficient that makes this piece is 0, reduces dct transform, improves coding rate, but the quality of coded picture that obtains do not use dct transform after the image encoded quality good; When the acceleration rank is low, use dct transform, reduce coding rate, but improved quality of coded picture.

The acceleration scheme of described frame-skipping: when the acceleration rank is high especially, will lose the B frame, and can reduce the coding of B frame like this, and improve coding rate;

If step 6 all images coding is finished, then finish the coding control procedure, otherwise, jump to step 1 and continue coding control.

Specific embodiment

Actual average frame per second av_fps in step 1, the calculation code process:

Use average frame by frame method, specifically be calculated as:

$t_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{(d\_\mathrm{fps}-1)\×{\stackrel{\_}{t}}_{\mathrm{av}}+t_{\mathrm{cur}}}{d\_\mathrm{fps}}---\left(1\right)$

$\mathrm{av}\_\mathrm{fps}=\frac{1}{t_{\mathrm{av}}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d_fps was 25 frame/seconds.

Step 2, calculating target frame rate o_fps, the i.e. output frame rate of video encoder:

O_fps=d_fps+fps _{Other resource overheads}

Fps _{Other resource overheads}Be set to 1;

Step 3, calculation code frame per second error diff_fps:

diff_fps＝av_fps-o_fps；

Step 4, custom coding frame per second error threshold obtain coding rate control hierarchy:

Described coding rate control hierarchy is defined as from low to high successively: do not have and quicken, quicken slowly, medium acceleration, fast acceleration, the fastest acceleration;

Definition coding frame per second error threshold is 0,-2 ,-4 ,-6, then each error threshold section of its composition is distinguished corresponding above-mentioned each different coding rate control hierarchy, and the residing error threshold section of the frame per second of then encoding error diff_fps corresponding codes speed control rank is respectively:

Do not have and quicken: diff_fps 〉=0;

Slowly quicken :-2≤diff_fps＜0;

Medium acceleration :-4≤diff_fps＜-2;

The fast acceleration :-6≤diff_fps＜-4;

The fastest acceleration: diff_fps＜-6;

Step 5, according to the coding rate control hierarchy that adopts, and defined coding quickens rule, makes encoder adopt the respective coding acceleration scheme, thereby reaches jointly controlling of coding rate and video image quality;

When the acceleration rank is medium acceleration, the measure of using macroblock skip mode;

When the acceleration rank is fast the acceleration, will adopt the measure of using intra-frame encoding mode, the measure of application macroblock skip mode, the bulk search pattern is adopted in the measure of application decoder motion vector, and the DCT coefficient is 0 information in the application decoder macro block;

When quickening rank, will adopt the measure of using intra-frame encoding mode, the measure of using macroblock skip mode for the fastest acceleration, the measure of application decoder motion vector, adopt the bulk search pattern, the DCT coefficient is 0 information in the application decoder macro block, uses the measure of frame-skipping;

If step 6 all images coding is finished, then finish the coding control procedure, otherwise, jump to step 1 and continue coding control.

The adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in a kind of code stream conversion provided by the invention, in the speed of assurance, improve quality of coded picture as much as possible, simultaneously also can be when guaranteeing quality of coded picture, improve coding rate as far as possible, and this control algolithm computation complexity is very low, not only is fit to the various software application and the real-time working of suitable hardware.

Claims (9)

1. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality is characterized in that during a code stream was changed, and comprised following steps:

Step 1, the average frame by frame method of use, the actual average frame per second av_fps in the calculation code process:

$t_{\mathrm{av}}=\frac{(d\_\mathrm{fps}-1)\×\stackrel{\‾}{t_{\mathrm{av}}}+t_{\mathrm{cur}}}{d\_\mathrm{fps}}---\left(1\right)$

$\mathrm{av}\_\mathrm{fps}=\frac{1}{t_{\mathrm{av}}}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein, d_fps is a video frame rate, i.e. the display frame rate of video coding output code flow, t _CurBe the time of present frame coding, t _AvThe average scramble time for nearest d_fps frame, do not comprise present frame, t _AvBe the average scramble time of nearest d_fps frame, but comprise present frame, calculate t by formula (1) _AvAfter, by t _Av=t _AvAssignment is upgraded t _Av

Step 2, calculating target frame rate o_fps, the i.e. output frame rate of video encoder:

O_fps=d_fps+fps _{Other resource overheads}

D_fps is a video frame rate, i.e. the display frame rate of video coding output code flow; Fps _{Other resource overheads}By User Defined;

Step 3, calculation code frame per second error diff_fps:

diff_fps＝av_fps-o_fps；

Step 4, custom coding frame per second error threshold, correspondence obtains coding rate control hierarchy:

In speed control, coding frame per second error threshold corresponds respectively to different coding rate control hierarchy, if promptly present encoding frame per second error diff_fps just adopts the pairing coding rate control hierarchy of this coding frame per second error threshold section when then encoding in certain coding frame per second error threshold section;

Step 5, according to the coding rate control hierarchy that adopts, and defined coding quickens rule, makes encoder adopt the respective coding acceleration scheme;

Described coding quickens regular each coding rate control hierarchy that is meant should distinguish the corresponding acceleration scheme that adopts, and it is formulated according to quality of coded picture and coding rate balance between the two;

If step 6 all images coding is finished, then finish the coding control procedure, otherwise, jump to step 1 and continue coding control.

2. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the coding rate control hierarchy described in the step 4 is defined as from low to high successively: do not have and quicken, slowly quicken, medium acceleration, fast acceleration, the fastest acceleration.

3. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it is that 0 information reduces the acceleration scheme of dct transform and the acceleration scheme of frame-skipping that the coding acceleration scheme described in the step 5 comprises DCT coefficient in the acceleration scheme, decoded macroblock of acceleration scheme, the size block search pattern of acceleration scheme, the decoding motion vectors of acceleration scheme, the macroblock skip mode of intra-frame encoding mode.

4. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, use the acceleration scheme of intra-frame encoding mode.

5. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening to be superior to when quickening slowly, use the acceleration scheme of macroblock skip mode.

6. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, and the acceleration scheme of application decoder motion vector.

7. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, do not adopt the acceleration scheme of fritter search pattern, otherwise, then adopt the acceleration scheme of fritter search pattern.

8. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening to be superior to medium acceleration, the DCT coefficient is the acceleration scheme that 0 information reduces dct transform in the application decoder macro block.

9. the adaptive combined control method of coding rate and video quality in the code stream conversion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, coding described in the step 5 quickens rule and can followingly formulate: when quickening rank for the fastest acceleration, use the acceleration scheme of frame-skipping.