CN100404713C - 一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金 - Google Patents
一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100404713C CN100404713C CNB200510061720XA CN200510061720A CN100404713C CN 100404713 C CN100404713 C CN 100404713C CN B200510061720X A CNB200510061720X A CN B200510061720XA CN 200510061720 A CN200510061720 A CN 200510061720A CN 100404713 C CN100404713 C CN 100404713C
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KOMIMHZRQFFCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Cu].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu].[Zn] KOMIMHZRQFFCOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SKEYZPJKRDZMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium copper Chemical compound [Cu].[Ce] SKEYZPJKRDZMJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001340 Leaded brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005183 environmental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000008127 lead poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金，这种材料的组分及其重量百分比含量为：13.5～19.5%Ni、18.0～22.0%Zn、0.12～0.65%Sb、0.3～0.12%P、0.03～0.10%Ce、余量Cu。它具有优良的综合机械性能，耐腐蚀性优异、冷热加工成型性好，易切削，可制成线材、棒材和板材，用于制造仪器仪表、医疗器械、日用品和通讯等领域的精密零件。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于易切削白铜合金，尤其是无铅易切削锌白铜合金。
背景技术
普通的锌白铜合金(如BZn15-20、Cu-18Ni-20Zn等)具有很好的耐蚀性、优良的机械性能和压力加工性能，焊接性良好，广泛用于仪器仪表、精密机械、通讯、化学和医疗器械及日用品等领域，但不易切削加工。含铅(含Pb量1～2％)的锌白铜能改善合金的切削加工性能，满足各种形状零部件的机械加工，提高精密零件的表面光洁度和生产加工效率。但含铅的锌白铜合金在热加工变形时容易开裂，特别是锌白铜中较高含量的铅对人类健康和环境卫生构成了威胁。铅是一种对环境和人体有害的元素，会对人体血液和神经系统造成不可逆转的损伤，严重的会造成血铅、脑铅中毒，引起神经受阻、智力迟钝、痴呆、好动等不良后果。欧盟、美国和中国等相继提出了对含铅合金的政府限令，因此含铅合金的应用将面临严格的限制。开发无铅的环境友好合金来代替含铅合金，是当今世界金属材料制造业所面临的刻不容缓的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要提供一种具有优良的切削加工性能，综合机械性能优良，耐腐蚀性优异、冷热加工成型性好的无铅易切削锌白铜合金。
本发明提供的无铅易切削锌白铜合金，它的组分及重量百分比含量为：13.5～19.5％Ni、18.0～22.0％Zn、0.12～0.65％Sb、0.03～0.12％P、0.03～0.10％Ce、余Cu。
无铅易切削锌白铜合金的制备方法：
本发明以工业纯铜、工业纯镍、工业纯锌、工业纯锑、磷铜中间合金和富铈混合稀土中间合金为基本原料。按材料成分配料将工业纯铜、工业纯镍、工业纯锌、工业纯锑、磷铜中间合金和铜-富铈混合稀土中间合金在中频炉中熔化，浇入工频炉中保温，以水平连铸方法制成板或棒(卷)坯。板或棒(卷)坯在700-800℃均匀化退火1小时和酸洗后经810-970℃热轧加工和冷轧或冷拉拔加工，制成薄板或棒(线)材。
本发明无铅易切削锌白铜合金是在普通锌白铜材料(13.5～19.5％Ni、18.0～22.0％Zn、余量Cu)的基础上添加适量的合金元素锑，并使常温下固溶度低的富锑相以细小颗粒形式均匀地分布在锌白铜合金基体中，从而使含锑的锌白铜合金具有优良的切削加工性能。少量合金元素磷阻碍富锑相沿晶界偏聚，改善了材料性能的均匀性，有效抑制了富锑相晶界偏聚所导致的热脆倾向，并提高了富锑相改善切削加工性能的作用效果，使锌白铜合金的综合机械性能基本保持不变。微量富铈混合稀土元素可以细化晶粒，提高材料的塑性、韧性和强度；并进一步降低富锑相的晶界偏聚倾向，使合金具有优异的冷、热加工成型性能。
具体实施方式
实施例
材料成分含有重量百分比含量为：18.0％Ni、20.0％Zn、0.26％Sb、0.08％P、0.06％Ce、余量Cu。按材料成分配料将工业纯铜、工业纯镍、工业纯锌、工业纯锑、磷铜中间合金和铜-富铈混合稀土中间合金在中频炉中熔化，浇入工频炉中保温，以水平连铸方法制成直径Φ20mm棒(卷)坯。棒(卷)坯在740℃均匀化退火1小时和酸洗后经930℃热轧加工、再在室温下冷拉拔加工(冷变形率30％)后，制成Φ8mm的棒材。本实施例制成的无铅易切削锌白钢合金的抗拉强度为540MPa，延伸率为6％，硬度为HB162。
本发明合金材料具有如下优点：
1.切削加工性能优良。由于添加Sb、P和富Ce混合稀土等合金元素在合金基体中形成细小并呈均匀分布的富锑相颗粒，同时由于富Ce混合稀土的细化晶粒作用，本发明合金具有优良的切削加工性能。与切削加工性能最佳的铅黄铜(HPb63-3)的相对可切削率(作为100％)相比，本发明无铅易切削锌白铜合金的可切削率为74％，明显高于普通锌白钢合金的可切削率20％，与含铅的锌白钢合金的可切削率(76％)相当。
2.综合机械性能好、耐蚀性优异。由于富Ce混合稀土的细化晶粒作用和合金元素P对富Sb相晶界偏聚的抑制作用，本发明合金材料具有良好的综合机械性能，抗拉强度、延伸率和硬度与普通锌白铜基本相同，高于含铅的锌白铜合金的抗拉强度、延伸率和硬度，并在大气中具有优异的耐蚀性能。
3.加工成型性良好。由于发明合金材料中合金元素磷阻碍了富锑相在晶界偏聚以及富Ce混合稀土的细化晶粒作用，提高了材料性能的均匀性，抑制了合金的热脆倾向，在生产过程中无热裂现向，易冷热加工成型，产品性能稳定，成品率高。与铜合金钎料钎焊性能优良。
本发明无铅易切削锌白钢合金可制成线材、棒材和板材，用于制造仪器仪表、医疗器械、日用品和通讯等领域的精密零件。
Claims (2)
1.一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金，其特征是它的组分及其重量百分比含量为：13.5～19.5％Ni、18.0～22.0％Zn、0.12～0.65％Sb、0.03～0.12％P、0.03～0.10％Ce、余量Cu。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无铅易切削锌白铜合金，其特征是它的组分及其重量百分比含量为：18.0％Ni、20.0％Zn、0.26％Sb、0.08％P、0.06％Ce、余量Cu。
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| CNB200510061720XA CN100404713C (zh) | 2005-11-28 | 2005-11-28 | 一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金 |
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| CN1775977A CN1775977A (zh) | 2006-05-24 |
| CN100404713C true CN100404713C (zh) | 2008-07-23 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100460538C (zh) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-02-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | 一种含铋无铅易切削锌白铜合金 |
| CN101787463B (zh) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-04-25 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | 一种无铅易切削锌白铜及其制备方法 |
| CN104032174A (zh) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-09-10 | 蚌埠市宏威滤清器有限公司 | 一种无铅易切削锌白铜合金材料及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002012927A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-15 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | 耐脱亜鉛性銅基合金 |
| US20030095887A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-05-22 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | Copper-base alloys having resistance to dezincification |
| CN1521281A (zh) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | 耐脱锌性优良的铜基合金 |
| CN1690236A (zh) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-02 | 上海金泰铜业有限公司 | 压电晶体振荡器外壳用锌白铜带及其制造方法 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002012927A (ja) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-15 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | 耐脱亜鉛性銅基合金 |
| US20030095887A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2003-05-22 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | Copper-base alloys having resistance to dezincification |
| CN1521281A (zh) * | 2003-02-13 | 2004-08-18 | ͬ�Ϳ�ҵ��ʽ���� | 耐脱锌性优良的铜基合金 |
| CN1690236A (zh) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-02 | 上海金泰铜业有限公司 | 压电晶体振荡器外壳用锌白铜带及其制造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 弹性洋白眼镜架材料国产化研究. 洪坚，陈阜南.上海有色金属，第17卷第4期. 1996 |
| 弹性洋白眼镜架材料国产化研究. 洪坚，陈阜南.上海有色金属，第17卷第4期. 1996 * |
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