CN100394023C - Radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump - Google Patents

Radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump Download PDF

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CN100394023C
CN100394023C CNB2006100199256A CN200610019925A CN100394023C CN 100394023 C CN100394023 C CN 100394023C CN B2006100199256 A CNB2006100199256 A CN B2006100199256A CN 200610019925 A CN200610019925 A CN 200610019925A CN 100394023 C CN100394023 C CN 100394023C
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valve
plunger
hole
cylinder body
suction valve
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CN1904359A (en
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聂松林
朱玉泉
胡罡
陶闰吉
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵,属于泵类,解决高压水泵选择轴承的难题,同时减小体积;本发明斜盘贴合在主轴下端主轴盘上,斜盘上均匀设置与柱塞活动连接的滑靴;缸体上均匀布置柱塞孔,柱塞与柱塞孔滑动配合;缸体中轴设置中心弹簧、球铰和回程盘,滑靴通过回程盘的作用紧贴在斜盘上;后端盖具有径向的出水口和入水口,后端盖中心孔连通出水口,围绕中心孔为与入水口相连通的环形槽;缸体径向开有安装孔,与每个柱塞孔对应并连通缸体中心凹孔;安装孔中安装配流阀体;缸体中心凹孔与后端盖中心孔连通,各安装孔与后端盖环形槽连通。本发明结构简单,安装更换容易,吸入性能好,工作效率高,适用于高压、大流量的工作场合。

Figure 200610019925

The radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump belongs to the pump category, which solves the problem of selecting bearings for high-pressure water pumps and reduces the volume; the swash plate of the present invention is attached to the main shaft plate at the lower end of the main shaft, and the Sliding shoes with movable plugs; the plunger holes are evenly arranged on the cylinder body, and the plunger and the plunger holes are slidably matched; the central axis of the cylinder body is equipped with a central spring, a ball hinge and a return plate, and the slide shoes are closely attached to the inclined plate through the function of the return plate. On the plate; the rear end cover has a radial water outlet and water inlet, the central hole of the rear end cover is connected to the water outlet, and the annular groove around the central hole is connected with the water inlet; the cylinder body has a radial installation hole, which is connected with each The plunger hole corresponds to and communicates with the central concave hole of the cylinder body; the distribution valve body is installed in the installation hole; the central concave hole of the cylinder body communicates with the central hole of the rear end cover, and each installation hole communicates with the annular groove of the rear end cover. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and replacement, good suction performance and high working efficiency, and is suitable for working occasions with high pressure and large flow.

Figure 200610019925

Description

径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵 Radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump

技术领域 technical field

本发明属于泵类,具体涉及一种阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵。The invention belongs to pumps, in particular to a valve-distribution axial hydraulic plunger pump.

背景技术 Background technique

水压泵作为水压传动系统的核心元件,对其进行设计与研制,是发展水压传动技术的关键之所在。目前国际上常用的水压泵的结构型式有柱塞式、叶片式、齿轮式等几种。相比而言,叶片泵的叶片与定子、齿轮泵的两齿轮均为线接触,接触PV值高,而且密封效果差;柱塞泵中的关键摩擦副(如柱塞/缸孔、滑靴/斜盘、配流盘/缸体端面等)多为面接触,同等工况条件下的PV值相对较小,可以实现静压支承,而且密封效果较好,易于通过增加配合间隙长度的方法来减小泄漏,以保证泵的效率。因此,柱塞式结构比较适宜于海水等低粘度介质使用,英国、美国、德国、日本、芬兰、丹麦等国家已有的水压泵绝大多数采用了柱塞式结构。As the core component of the hydraulic transmission system, the hydraulic pump is designed and developed, which is the key to the development of hydraulic transmission technology. At present, there are several types of hydraulic pumps commonly used in the world, such as plunger type, vane type, and gear type. In contrast, the vane of the vane pump is in line contact with the stator and the two gears of the gear pump, the contact PV value is high, and the sealing effect is poor; the key friction pairs in the plunger pump (such as plunger/cylinder hole, sliding shoe / swash plate, flow distribution plate / cylinder end face, etc.) are mostly surface contact, and the PV value under the same working conditions is relatively small, which can realize static pressure support, and the sealing effect is good, and it is easy to increase the length of the matching gap. Reduce leakage to ensure pump efficiency. Therefore, the plunger structure is more suitable for low-viscosity media such as seawater. Most of the hydraulic pumps in the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Japan, Finland, Denmark and other countries have adopted the plunger structure.

目前应用的各种轴向水压柱塞泵,按其配流方式上大体可分为:端面配流、阀配流、轴配流三种,其中以端面配流(配流盘配流)和阀配流居多,轴配流由于配合间隙过大,水作为工作介质时容易泄漏,故很少在水压泵中使用。Various axial hydraulic plunger pumps currently used can be roughly divided into three types according to their flow distribution methods: end face flow distribution, valve flow distribution, and axial flow distribution. Due to the large fit gap, water is easy to leak when used as the working medium, so it is rarely used in hydraulic pumps.

端面配流式水压柱塞泵通过缸体与配流盘之间的运动使水经过配流盘上的配流窗口从低压区流向高压区,从而实现吸、排水过程。如日本小松(Komatsu)制作所于1991年研制开发的端面配流轴向海水液压柱塞泵。该泵的柱塞及柱塞孔沿轴向均匀分布在一个圆周上,靠斜盘和中心弹簧的作用来实现柱塞的往复运动,其配流盘采用炭纤维增强高分子塑料(CFRP),缸体端面采用陶瓷,全部摩擦副均用海水润滑。该泵具有体积小,重量轻,比功率大等优点,其不足之处在于工作时噪音较大,在高压时泄露量大,容积效率较低,而且其端面配流副是一对长期处于高速、重载的关键摩擦副,极易磨损失效,给维修和更换带来了不便,所以此对摩擦副多采用工程陶瓷材料,但是其加工成本较高而且在设计和制造过程中的难度也很大。The end face distribution hydraulic plunger pump makes the water flow from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area through the distribution window on the distribution plate through the movement between the cylinder body and the distribution plate, so as to realize the process of suction and drainage. For example, the end-face distribution axial seawater hydraulic plunger pump developed by Japan's Komatsu Manufacturing Institute in 1991. The plunger and the plunger hole of the pump are evenly distributed on a circle along the axial direction, and the reciprocating motion of the plunger is realized by the action of the swash plate and the central spring. The valve plate is made of carbon fiber reinforced polymer plastic (CFRP), and the cylinder The end face of the body is made of ceramics, and all friction pairs are lubricated with sea water. The pump has the advantages of small size, light weight, and high specific power. The key friction pair of heavy load is easy to wear and fail, which brings inconvenience to maintenance and replacement. Therefore, engineering ceramic materials are mostly used for this pair of friction pair, but its processing cost is high and the design and manufacturing process is also very difficult. .

阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵则是通过吸入阀和压出阀各自独立地打开和关闭来实现吸水和排水过程。阀配流式水压柱塞泵与端面配流式水压柱塞泵相比,其优点是减少了一对摩擦副(缸体与配流盘之间的配流副),这样不仅减小了设计和制造的难度,而且增加的配流阀(有锥阀、球阀和平板阀)的结构形式还具有良好的密封性能,可以在较高的压力状态下工作。现有的阀配流式水压柱塞泵多采用轴向布置形式,华中科技大学于1996年为深潜救生艇研制的轴向海水柱塞泵,为我国第一台海水液压泵。该泵的柱塞和柱塞孔沿轴向圆周分布,吸入阀和压出阀均沿轴向布置在柱塞孔的下方,并通过安装在每个柱塞中的回程弹簧和斜盘的作用实现柱塞的往复运动。该海水液压泵的工作压力和容积效率均较高,工作也较为平稳,现已成功应用于某救生艇上。但由于其配流阀(吸入阀和压出阀)的轴向布置,导致其结构较为复杂,体积比同流量的其它泵类要大,而且维修和更换阀体的配件也极其不易。The valve-distributed axial hydraulic plunger pump realizes the water suction and drainage process by independently opening and closing the suction valve and the pressure discharge valve. Compared with the end face distribution hydraulic plunger pump, the valve distribution type hydraulic plunger pump has the advantage of reducing a pair of friction pairs (the flow distribution pair between the cylinder body and the distribution plate), which not only reduces the design and manufacturing Difficulty, and the structure of the increased distribution valve (cone valve, ball valve and flat valve) also has good sealing performance and can work under higher pressure. The existing valve-distributing hydraulic plunger pumps mostly adopt the axial arrangement form. The axial seawater plunger pump developed by Huazhong University of Science and Technology for deep-diving lifeboats in 1996 is the first seawater hydraulic pump in my country. The plunger and the plunger hole of the pump are distributed along the axial circumference, and the suction valve and the discharge valve are arranged axially below the plunger hole, and through the action of the return spring and the swash plate installed in each plunger Realize the reciprocating motion of the plunger. The working pressure and volumetric efficiency of the seawater hydraulic pump are relatively high, and the work is relatively stable. It has been successfully applied to a lifeboat. However, due to the axial arrangement of its distribution valves (suction valves and discharge valves), its structure is relatively complex, and its volume is larger than other pumps with the same flow rate, and it is extremely difficult to maintain and replace valve body accessories.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明提供一种径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵,该水压泵采用油水分离、配流阀体沿径向布置的结构形式,解决高压水泵选择轴承的难题,同时减小体积,适用于高压、大流量的工作场合。The present invention provides a radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump. The hydraulic pump adopts the structural form of oil-water separation and the distribution valve body is arranged radially, which solves the problem of selecting bearings for high-pressure water pumps and reduces the volume at the same time. Suitable for high-pressure, high-flow workplaces.

本发明的一种径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵,包括顺序连接的泵体、缸体和后端盖,主轴通过轴承安装在泵体上,主轴下端为与其成一定倾角的主轴盘,斜盘通过与球轴承间的过盈配合贴合在主轴盘上,斜盘的分布圆上均匀设置有与柱塞活动连接的滑靴;缸体的分布圆上均匀布置有与柱塞数目相同的柱塞孔,其中嵌入柱塞套,柱塞与柱塞套滑动配合;缸体的中轴位置设置由中心弹簧顶住的球铰,球铰嵌接回程盘,滑靴通过回程盘的作用紧贴在斜盘上;其特征在于:A radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump of the present invention includes a pump body, a cylinder body and a rear end cover connected in sequence, the main shaft is installed on the pump body through a bearing, and the lower end of the main shaft is a main shaft at a certain inclination angle with it The swash plate and the swash plate are fitted on the main shaft plate through the interference fit between the ball bearings. The distribution circle of the swash plate is evenly equipped with sliding shoes that are movably connected with the plunger; There are the same number of plunger holes, in which the plunger sleeve is embedded, and the plunger and the plunger sleeve are slidably matched; the central axis of the cylinder is provided with a ball hinge supported by a central spring, the ball hinge is embedded in the return plate, and the sliding shoe passes through the return plate The function is close to the swash plate; it is characterized in that:

后端盖具有径向的出水口和入水口,后端盖中心孔连通出水口,围绕中心孔为与入水口相连通的环形槽;The rear end cover has a radial water outlet and a water inlet, the central hole of the rear end cover is connected to the water outlet, and the central hole is surrounded by an annular groove connected to the water inlet;

缸体圆周径向均匀开有安装孔,与每个柱塞孔对应,并连通至缸体下部中心凹孔;安装孔中每个柱塞孔的正下方各安装一个配流阀体;所述配流阀体包括配流阀螺帽以及通过中间套连接的吸入阀和压出阀,中间套构成公共容腔,该容腔开有配流阀口和缸体上柱塞孔的底部相通;吸入阀包括吸入阀阀体、吸入阀阀芯和吸入阀阀座,吸入阀阀体一端与吸入阀阀座连接,套有吸入阀弹簧的吸入阀阀芯装在吸入阀阀座上,吸入阀阀体两侧壁分别开有吸入阀入水口和吸入阀阀口;压出阀包括压出阀阀座、压出阀阀芯和压出阀导套,压出阀阀座一端开有压出阀入水口,另一端固定压出阀导套并开有压出阀出水口,套有压出阀弹簧的压出阀阀芯装在压出阀导套上;吸入阀入水口和后端盖上的环形槽相通,压出阀出水口和缸体上的中心凹孔出水孔相通;配流阀螺帽和所述安装孔螺纹或者法兰配合,将吸入阀和压出阀固定在安装孔中;The circumference of the cylinder is evenly opened with mounting holes in the radial direction, corresponding to each plunger hole, and connected to the central concave hole in the lower part of the cylinder; a flow distribution valve body is installed directly below each plunger hole in the installation hole; the flow distribution The valve body includes a distribution valve nut and a suction valve and a pressure discharge valve connected by an intermediate sleeve. The intermediate sleeve forms a common cavity, and the cavity is opened with a distribution valve port that communicates with the bottom of the plunger hole on the cylinder body; the suction valve includes a suction valve. Valve body, suction valve core and suction valve seat, one end of the suction valve body is connected to the suction valve seat, the suction valve core covered with the suction valve spring is installed on the suction valve seat, the two sides of the suction valve body The walls are respectively provided with a suction valve inlet and a suction valve port; the extrusion valve includes an extrusion valve seat, an extrusion valve core and an extrusion valve guide sleeve, and one end of the extrusion valve seat is provided with an extrusion valve water inlet, The other end is fixed on the extrusion valve guide sleeve and has an extrusion valve outlet, and the extrusion valve spool covered with the extrusion valve spring is installed on the extrusion valve guide sleeve; the suction valve water inlet and the annular groove on the rear end cover The water outlet of the pressure outlet valve is connected with the water outlet hole of the central concave hole on the cylinder body; the nut of the distribution valve is matched with the thread or flange of the installation hole to fix the suction valve and the pressure outlet valve in the installation hole;

缸体下部中心凹孔与后端盖中心孔连通,缸体各安装孔与后端盖的环形槽连通。The central concave hole at the lower part of the cylinder block communicates with the central hole of the rear end cover, and each mounting hole of the cylinder block communicates with the annular groove of the rear end cover.

所述的径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵,其进一步特征在于:所述缸体上对应每个吸入阀阀口沿轴向开有引水通道,连通至柱塞和柱塞套的摩擦面处。The radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump is further characterized in that: the cylinder body is provided with a water diversion channel in the axial direction corresponding to each suction valve port, which is connected to the plunger and the plunger sleeve. friction surface.

本发明技术特点如下:Technical features of the present invention are as follows:

(1)采用油水分离的结构形式,利用安装在柱塞套上的耐磨性好且适用于水润滑介质的橡塑组合密封件来实现这一结构,使滑靴-斜盘这对工作条件恶劣的摩擦副及所有滚动轴承都用油介质润滑,避免了高压水泵选择轴承的难题。(1) The structure of oil-water separation is adopted, and the rubber-plastic combined seal with good wear resistance and suitable for water lubricating medium installed on the plunger sleeve is used to realize this structure, so that the sliding shoe-swash plate pair of working conditions The harsh friction pair and all rolling bearings are lubricated with oil medium, which avoids the problem of choosing bearings for high-pressure water pumps.

(2)采用阀配流结构形式,吸入阀和压出阀做成一个配流阀体,配流阀体的个数和柱塞数相同,并沿径向布置,不仅减小了整个泵体的结构尺寸,减轻了泵重,而且在更换配流阀芯和弹簧等备件时,不必拆卸整个泵体,只需在泵的圆周方向打开各配流阀的螺帽进行整体更换,提高了泵的可维修性,缩短了维修时间。(2) The valve distribution structure is adopted, and the suction valve and the discharge valve are made into a distribution valve body. The number of distribution valve bodies is the same as the number of plungers, and they are arranged radially, which not only reduces the structural size of the entire pump body , to reduce the weight of the pump, and when replacing spare parts such as distribution valve cores and springs, it is not necessary to disassemble the entire pump body, just open the nuts of each distribution valve in the circumferential direction of the pump for overall replacement, which improves the maintainability of the pump. Maintenance time is shortened.

(3)配流阀体采用平板阀结构,阀芯采用17-4PH沉淀硬化不锈钢,阀座采用进口工程塑料TX,弹簧采用3J1不锈钢丝。其密封性能好,响应快,而且具有冲击小、噪音低等特点,可以达到较高的容积效率。(3) The distribution valve body adopts a flat valve structure, the valve core is made of 17-4PH precipitation hardened stainless steel, the valve seat is made of imported engineering plastic TX, and the spring is made of 3J1 stainless steel wire. It has good sealing performance, fast response, and has the characteristics of small impact and low noise, and can achieve high volumetric efficiency.

(4)传动主轴斜盘前后采用三列推力圆柱滚子轴承支承,推力轴承内径嵌入滚动轴承,这样增加了斜盘的刚度,同时,滑靴与斜盘间的相对运动几乎为零,即滑靴磨擦副几乎不承受PV值。(4) The swash plate of the transmission main shaft is supported by three rows of thrust cylindrical roller bearings in the front and rear, and the inner diameter of the thrust bearing is embedded with rolling bearings, which increases the rigidity of the swash plate. At the same time, the relative motion between the sliding shoe and the swash plate is almost zero, that is, the sliding shoe The friction pair bears almost no PV value.

(5)柱塞与柱塞套采用软硬配对,柱塞采用马氏体不锈钢热处理尽可能提高硬度以增加耐磨性,并用橡塑组合密封件密封,有效地减小了泵的泄漏,提高了容积效率。(5) The plunger and the plunger sleeve adopt soft and hard matching, and the plunger is heat-treated with martensitic stainless steel to increase the hardness as much as possible to increase wear resistance, and it is sealed with a rubber-plastic composite seal, which effectively reduces the leakage of the pump and improves the pump performance. volumetric efficiency.

(6)采用中心弹簧-滑靴的结构,通过回程盘把柱塞组(包括柱塞和滑靴)推靠在斜盘上。这样避免了点接触结构中每个柱塞上加一个返回弹簧疲劳失效所造成的缺陷。(6) The center spring-slider structure is adopted, and the plunger group (including the plunger and the slide shoe) is pushed against the swash plate through the return plate. This avoids the defects caused by the fatigue failure of a return spring added to each plunger in the point contact structure.

(7)每个吸入阀阀口均开一条狭长的引水通道至柱塞和柱塞套的摩擦面处。这样水便可由吸入阀口流经通道引到摩擦面,不但减小了柱塞和柱塞套之间的摩擦磨损,而且从通道流入到摩擦面的水介质还可以起冷却液的作用,降低由于柱塞往复运动所引起的柱塞和柱塞套间的温升。(7) A narrow and long water diversion channel is opened at the valve port of each suction valve to the friction surface of the plunger and the plunger sleeve. In this way, the water can flow from the suction valve port to the friction surface through the channel, which not only reduces the friction and wear between the plunger and the plunger sleeve, but also the water medium flowing from the channel to the friction surface can also act as a cooling liquid, reducing the The temperature rise between the plunger and the plunger sleeve due to the reciprocating motion of the plunger.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明的配流阀体组件结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the distribution valve body assembly of the present invention;

图3为本发明的吸入阀结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of suction valve of the present invention;

图4为本发明的压出阀结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure-out valve of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

参照图1~图4,图中的标号为:Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the numbers in the figures are:

后端盖1、出水口2、环形槽3、配流阀体4、柱塞5、柱塞孔6、引水通道7、摩擦面8、深沟球轴承9、弹簧座10、橡塑组合密封件11、柱塞套12、压紧螺钉13、滑靴14、斜盘15、主轴盘16、止推轴承17、角接触球轴承18、前端盖螺钉19、主轴20、油封圈21、前端盖22、定位孔23、泵体24、球轴承25、回程盘26、球铰27、压盘28、螺塞29、中心弹簧30、定位螺钉31、排污口32、堵头33、缸体34、中心凹孔出水孔35、螺钉孔36、入水口37、配流阀螺帽38、吸入阀阀口39、吸入阀40、配流阀口41、压出阀42、中间套43、吸入阀进水口44、吸入阀弹簧45、吸入阀阀芯46、吸入阀阀座47、吸入阀弹簧垫片48、吸入阀阀体49、压出阀阀座50、压出阀阀芯51、压出阀弹簧52、压出阀出水口53、压出阀导套54。Rear end cover 1, water outlet 2, annular groove 3, distribution valve body 4, plunger 5, plunger hole 6, water diversion channel 7, friction surface 8, deep groove ball bearing 9, spring seat 10, rubber-plastic composite seal 11. Plunger sleeve 12, compression screw 13, sliding shoe 14, swash plate 15, main shaft disc 16, thrust bearing 17, angular contact ball bearing 18, front end cover screw 19, main shaft 20, oil seal ring 21, front end cover 22 , positioning hole 23, pump body 24, ball bearing 25, return plate 26, ball hinge 27, pressure plate 28, screw plug 29, center spring 30, positioning screw 31, sewage outlet 32, plug 33, cylinder body 34, center Concave hole outlet hole 35, screw hole 36, water inlet 37, distribution valve nut 38, suction valve valve port 39, suction valve 40, distribution valve port 41, extrusion valve 42, middle sleeve 43, suction valve water inlet 44, Suction valve spring 45, suction valve spool 46, suction valve seat 47, suction valve spring gasket 48, suction valve body 49, extrusion valve seat 50, extrusion valve spool 51, extrusion valve spring 52, Press out the valve water outlet 53 and the valve guide sleeve 54 .

本发明的缸体34中沿轴向均布7个柱塞孔6,每个柱塞孔6中都镶嵌有不锈钢的金属柱塞套12,在柱塞套的内壁中压入工程塑料套,以保证其与柱塞5的配合和润滑。在主轴20上加工与其成一定倾角的主轴盘16,斜盘15通过与球轴承25的配合紧贴于主轴盘16上,缸体34和泵体24通过定位螺钉31连接在一起,后端盖1则与缸体34固接。In the cylinder body 34 of the present invention, seven plunger holes 6 are evenly distributed in the axial direction, and each plunger hole 6 is inlaid with a stainless steel metal plunger sleeve 12, and an engineering plastic sleeve is pressed into the inner wall of the plunger sleeve. To ensure its cooperation and lubrication with the plunger 5. On the main shaft 20, the main shaft disk 16 with a certain inclination angle is processed, the swash plate 15 is closely attached to the main shaft disk 16 through the cooperation with the ball bearing 25, the cylinder body 34 and the pump body 24 are connected together by the set screw 31, and the rear end cover 1 is fixedly connected with the cylinder body 34.

配流阀体4由吸入阀40和压出阀42组成一体,其数目和柱塞数相同并沿径向均布于缸体34的底部,吸入阀40和压出阀42通过中间套43连接,中间套43构成公共容腔,该容腔开有配流阀口41和柱塞孔6的底部相通,吸入阀入水口44和后端盖1上的环形槽3相通,压出阀出水口53和缸体34上的中心凹孔出水孔35相通。The distribution valve body 4 is composed of a suction valve 40 and a discharge valve 42, the number of which is the same as that of the plunger and is evenly distributed on the bottom of the cylinder body 34 in the radial direction. The suction valve 40 and the discharge valve 42 are connected by an intermediate sleeve 43, The middle sleeve 43 constitutes a common cavity, which has a flow distribution valve port 41 communicating with the bottom of the plunger hole 6, the water inlet 44 of the suction valve communicates with the annular groove 3 on the rear end cover 1, and the water outlet 53 of the extrusion valve communicates with the bottom of the plunger hole 6. The water outlet hole 35 of the central concave hole on the cylinder body 34 communicates.

可以从每个吸入阀阀口39均开一条狭长的引水通道7至柱塞5和柱塞套12的摩擦面8处。当柱塞处于吸水状态时,水便可由吸入阀阀口39流经引水通道7引到摩擦面8,这样不但可以减小柱塞5和柱塞套12之间的摩擦,即由干摩擦变为液体摩擦,而且从引水通道7流入到摩擦面8的水介质还可以起冷却液的作用,降低由于柱塞往复运动所引起的柱塞5和柱塞套12的温升。A long and narrow water diversion channel 7 can be opened from each suction valve port 39 to the friction surface 8 of the plunger 5 and the plunger sleeve 12 . When the plunger is in the water-absorbing state, the water can flow from the suction valve port 39 through the water channel 7 to the friction surface 8, which can not only reduce the friction between the plunger 5 and the plunger sleeve 12, that is, dry friction becomes It is liquid friction, and the water medium flowing from the water channel 7 to the friction surface 8 can also act as a cooling liquid, reducing the temperature rise of the plunger 5 and the plunger sleeve 12 caused by the reciprocating motion of the plunger.

该泵采用油水分离的结构形式,泵中油腔与水腔的油水分离是通过安装在柱塞套上的耐磨性好且适用于水介质润滑的橡塑组合密封件11来实现的。柱塞套上油水分离的橡塑组合密封件是由一对低摩擦的填充聚四氟乙烯PTFE环和O形橡胶密封圈组合而成,柱塞与柱塞孔不接触,导向支承环既作摩擦副材料(PTFE)又承受侧向力;其止推轴承17、球轴承25、主轴盘16和角接触球轴承18及柱塞5头部、斜盘15等这些相对运动的摩擦副均由润滑油来润滑。The pump adopts the structure of oil-water separation. The oil-water separation of the oil chamber and the water chamber in the pump is realized by the rubber-plastic composite seal 11 installed on the plunger sleeve, which has good wear resistance and is suitable for water medium lubrication. The rubber-plastic composite seal with oil-water separation on the plunger sleeve is composed of a pair of low-friction filled polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE rings and O-shaped rubber seal rings. The plunger does not contact the plunger hole, and the guide support ring serves The friction pair material (PTFE) bears the lateral force again; its thrust bearing 17, ball bearing 25, main shaft disk 16, angular contact ball bearing 18, plunger 5 head, swash plate 15 and other relative motion friction pairs are composed of Lubricating oil for lubrication.

该径向阀配流式轴向水压柱塞泵的工作过程如下所述:当主轴20顺时针带动斜盘15一同旋转时,中心弹簧30通过球铰27和回程盘26将作用力均匀施加到每个滑靴14上,使滑靴14始终紧贴在斜盘15上滑动,同时柱塞5受到旋转的斜盘15给滑靴14的作用力而在镶嵌于缸孔内的柱塞套12中作往复运动,缸体34则静止不动。当斜盘15沿顺时针向上极限位置(如图1所示右边的斜盘位置)运动时,配流阀体4中的压出阀阀芯51均处于关闭状态,滑靴14在回程盘26的压紧力作用下带动柱塞5向上运动,同时柱塞孔6腔中的封闭容积增大,水压力降低,当孔腔中的水压下降到某一数值时,配流阀体4中吸入阀阀芯46会因入水口37处的水压大于柱塞孔腔中的水压和吸入阀弹簧45作用力的合力被开启,水由入水口37进入吸入阀进水口44再流入压力低的柱塞孔腔中,实现吸水过程;当斜盘15向下极限位置(如图1所示左边的斜盘位置)运动时,柱塞5受斜盘15的作用力向下运动,同时柱塞孔腔的容积会渐渐减小,逐渐升高的水压力一方面集合配流阀体4中吸入阀弹簧45的弹簧力将吸入阀阀芯46关闭,另一方面克服配流阀体4中压出阀弹簧52的作用力和泵出水口2压力的合力,将压出阀阀芯51打开,使柱塞孔腔中的高压水经压出阀出水口53流入出水口2排出,实现压水过程。当主轴20带动斜盘15旋转一周,每个柱塞5各吸水、压水一次,随着主轴20的不断旋转,各柱塞5也连续地独立完成吸、压水的动作,从而使水压柱塞泵正常工作。The working process of the radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump is as follows: when the main shaft 20 drives the swash plate 15 to rotate clockwise, the central spring 30 applies force evenly to the On each sliding shoe 14, the sliding shoe 14 always slides closely against the swash plate 15, and at the same time, the plunger 5 receives the force from the rotating swash plate 15 to the sliding shoe 14 and slides on the plunger sleeve 12 embedded in the cylinder hole. Make reciprocating motion in middle, cylinder block 34 then stand still. When the swash plate 15 moves clockwise to the upper limit position (the position of the swash plate on the right as shown in Figure 1), the pressure-out valve spools 51 in the distribution valve body 4 are all in the closed state, and the sliding shoe 14 is in the position of the return plate 26. Under the action of the pressing force, the plunger 5 is driven upward, and at the same time, the closed volume in the cavity of the plunger hole 6 increases, and the water pressure decreases. When the water pressure in the cavity drops to a certain value, the suction valve in the distribution valve body 4 The valve core 46 will be opened because the water pressure at the water inlet 37 is greater than the resultant force of the water pressure in the plunger cavity and the force of the suction valve spring 45, and the water will enter the suction valve water inlet 44 from the water inlet 37 and then flow into the column with low pressure. When the swash plate 15 moves downward to the extreme position (the position of the swash plate on the left as shown in Figure 1), the plunger 5 is moved downward by the force of the swash plate 15, and the plunger hole The volume of the cavity will gradually decrease. On the one hand, the increasing water pressure will gather the spring force of the suction valve spring 45 in the distribution valve body 4 to close the suction valve spool 46. The resultant force of the active force of 52 and the pressure of the pump water outlet 2 opens the extrusion valve spool 51, so that the high-pressure water in the plunger cavity flows into the water outlet 2 through the extrusion valve water outlet 53 and is discharged to realize the water pressing process. When the main shaft 20 drives the swash plate 15 to rotate once, each plunger 5 absorbs and presses water once. With the continuous rotation of the main shaft 20, each plunger 5 also completes the action of sucking and pressing water independently continuously, so that the water pressure The plunger pump works normally.

Claims (2)

1. radial valve orificing axial hydraulic pressure plunger pump, comprise the pump housing, cylinder body and the rear end cover that are linked in sequence, main shaft by Bearing Installation on the pump housing, the main shaft lower end is the main shaft disk that becomes certain inclination angle with it, swash plate by and ball bearing between interference fit be fitted on the main shaft disk, evenly be provided with the piston shoes that flexibly connect with plunger on the distribution circle of swash plate; Evenly be furnished with on the distribution circle of cylinder body and the same number of plunger hole of plunger, wherein embed plunger bushing, plunger and plunger bushing are slidingly matched; The ball pivot that the middle axle position setting of cylinder body is withstood by central spring, ball pivot interlocking backhaul dish, piston shoes are close on the swash plate by the effect of backhaul dish; It is characterized in that:
Rear end cover has water outlet and water inlet radially, and the rear end cover center hole is communicated with water outlet, around the circular groove of center hole for being connected with water inlet;
The cylinder body circumference radially evenly has mounting hole, and is corresponding with each plunger hole, and is communicated to inferior part of the cylinder block center shrinkage pool; In the mounting hole each plunger hole under a flow valve body respectively is installed; Described flow valve body comprises flow-distributing valve nut and the suction valve and the delivery valve that connect by middle cover, and middle cover constitutes public cavity volume, and the bottom that this cavity volume has flow valve port and cylinder body upper prop consent communicates; Suction valve comprises suction valve valve body, suction valve spool and suction valve valve seat, suction valve valve body one end is connected with the suction valve valve seat, the suction valve spool that is with inhalation valve spring is contained on the suction valve valve seat, and suction valve valve body two side has suction valve water inlet and suction valve valve port; Delivery valve comprises delivery valve valve seat, delivery valve spool and delivery valve guide pin bushing, and delivery valve valve seat one end has the delivery valve water inlet, and the other end is delivery valve guide pin bushing and have the delivery valve water outlet fixedly, and the delivery valve spool that is with the delivery valve spring is contained on the delivery valve guide pin bushing; Circular groove on suction valve water inlet and the rear end cover communicates, and the center shrinkage pool osculum on delivery valve water outlet and the cylinder body communicates; Flow-distributing valve nut and described mounting hole screw thread or flange cooperate, and suction valve and delivery valve are fixed in the mounting hole;
Inferior part of the cylinder block center shrinkage pool is communicated with the rear end cover center hole, and each mounting hole of cylinder body is communicated with the circular groove of rear end cover.
2. radial valve orificing axial hydraulic pressure plunger pump as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: corresponding each suction valve valve port has the diversion passage vertically on the described cylinder body, is communicated to the rubbing surface place of plunger and plunger bushing.
CNB2006100199256A 2006-08-07 2006-08-07 Radial valve distribution type axial hydraulic plunger pump Expired - Fee Related CN100394023C (en)

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