CN100389057C - Full hydraulic crawler crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an all-hydraulic caterpillar crane. Hydraulic support legs capable of supporting the crane away from the ground are installed on the intermediate body of the crane, a caterpillar assembly can slide along the installing arm of the intermediate body, and a pushing and pulling device capable of pushing and pulling the caterpillar assembly to slide along the installing arm is arranged between the intermediate body and the caterpillar assembly between which a positioning and locking device is also arranged. The caterpillar assembly can be automatically disassembled and assembled by the pushing and pulling device and the hoisting system of the crane, and a bobweight and an arm frame can also be automatically disassembled and assembled by the hoisting system of the crane, so the whole crane is completely and automatically disassembled and assembled. Therefore, the present invention has the advantages of convenient transportation, cost saving and installation time shortening.

Description

Full hydraulic crawler crane

technical field

The invention relates to a crane, in particular to a crawler crane.

Background technique

Fully hydraulic crawler cranes are the development trend of crawler cranes in the world at present. For decades, the development of crawler cranes in the world has changed from mechanical to mechanical-hydraulic and then to full hydraulic. It has been proved by practice that full hydraulic crawler cranes have stable operation, large lifting capacity and high lifting height. And it can realize the advantages of stepless speed change, inching position, easy operation, light weight, convenient transfer and disassembly. This is unmatched by electric cranes. Electric track tower cranes have high disassembly costs, poor mobility, and poor lifting capacity. It is imperative to replace them with fully hydraulic large crawler cranes.

The disadvantages of the crawler cranes in the prior art are: 1. The product itself is heavy, has no self-disassembly function, and is difficult to transport and install, which greatly prolongs the construction period; 2. There are few working methods and poor adaptability, which cannot meet different hoisting requirements Requirements; 3. The hydraulic drive system is outdated, with a high failure rate and unstable performance, which cannot meet the needs of current engineering construction.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fully hydraulic crawler crane that can be self-detached and self-installed, has a wide range of applications and works reliably.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fully hydraulic crawler crane, including an intermediate body, crawler belt assemblies are installed on both sides of the intermediate body, a revolving body is installed on the intermediate body, and a boom assembly is installed on the revolving body , operating room, power and hydraulic system and counterweight, the hydraulic support legs that can support the crane off the ground are installed on the intermediate body, the crawler belt assembly can slide along the installation arm of the intermediate body, and the intermediate body A push-pull device that can push and pull the crawler assembly along the mounting arm is provided between the body and the crawler assembly. A positioning and locking device is also provided between the crawler assembly and the intermediate body. The boom assembly is a tower type Lifting structure, including the main arm which is in a fixed state during work, the root of the main arm is equipped with an anti-tilt device for the main arm, and the jib is hinged with the main arm and can achieve amplitude luffing, keeping the jib working stably and reliably luffing The main support, auxiliary support, jib front cable, auxiliary arm rear cable, and rear cable tensioning device; the main hook wire rope to realize the lifting and landing of the main hook heavy objects by retracting and retracting; luffing rope; it is characterized in that: the back cable tensioning device includes a hydraulic cylinder hinged with one of the main support and the main arm respectively, a piston rod hinged with the remaining one of the main support and the main arm, and the hydraulic cylinder The rodless chamber is connected with the fuel tank pipe, and the pipe is provided with a check valve for keeping the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder from returning to the fuel tank.

As an improvement, the jib assembly is also provided with an anti-dipping device for the jib.

As an improvement, the positioning locking device provided between the crawler belt assembly and the intermediate body includes a positioning locking plate hinged with the body of the crawler belt assembly, and several positioning locking holes are arranged on the positioning locking plate. There are positioning locking pins passing through positioning locking holes on the positioning locking plate and fixing ears fixed with the intermediate body.

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, hydraulic support legs that can support the crane off the ground are installed on the intermediate body, and the crawler belt assembly can slide along the mounting arm of the car body. The intermediate body and the crawler belt assembly There is a push-pull device that can push and pull the track assembly to slide along the installation arm, and a positioning locking device is also provided between the track assembly and the intermediate body; the track assembly can be realized by using the push-pull device and lifting system of the crane itself. The self-disassembly and assembly function of the crane itself can also realize the self-disassembly and assembly function of the counterweight and the boom by using the lifting system of the crane itself, so that the self-disassembly and assembly of the whole machine is completely realized, which not only facilitates transportation, but also saves costs and shortens the length of time. Installation time; the setting of the back cable tensioning device improves the working reliability of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a car body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a rear cable tensioning device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the tensioning device of the rear cable in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the fully hydraulic crawler crane includes an intermediate body 1, crawler belt assemblies 3 are installed on both sides of the intermediate body 1, a revolving body 2 is installed on the intermediate body, and a revolving body 2 is installed There are boom assembly, operating room 22, power and hydraulic system, and counterweight 23. The car body 1 is equipped with hydraulic support legs 14 that can prop the crane off the ground. The crawler belt assembly 3 can move along the middle The installation arm 11 of the body 1 slides, and a push-pull device 12 that can push and pull the crawler assembly 3 along the installation arm 11 is provided between the intermediate body 1 and the crawler belt assembly 3, and the crawler belt assembly 3 and the intermediate body 1 A locking device 13 is also provided between them.

The hydraulic support leg 14 is hinged on the vehicle body 1 through a pin shaft 14a and is provided with a positioning pin 14b.

The push-pull device 12 provided between the intermediate body 1 and the crawler belt assembly 3 that can push and pull the crawler belt assembly 3 along the installation arm 11 includes a hydraulic cylinder 12a installed on the intermediate body 1, and one end of the piston rod 12b passes through the The pin shaft 12c is hinged on the body of the crawler belt assembly 3 .

The locking device 13 provided between the crawler belt assembly 3 and the intermediate body 1 includes a locking plate 13a hinged with the body of the crawler belt assembly 3. The locking plate 13a is provided with a number of locking holes 13b. The fastening pin 13c passes through the locking hole 13b on the locking plate 13a and the fixing ear 13d fixed with the intermediate body 1 .

The mounting arm 11 of the crawler belt assembly 3 is a rectangular shaft with a rectangular cross section, and the body of the crawler belt assembly 3 is provided with a rectangular hole corresponding to the mounting arm 11 with a rectangular cross section.

The counterweight 23 is a counterweight that can be disassembled by the hoisting system of the crane itself.

The boom part of the boom assembly is a tube-truss structure boom composed of the main boom root 21a, several intermediate sections 21b, the main boom head 21c and the olecranon 21d. The main luffing rope 21e; the auxiliary luffing rope 21f that realizes the lifting and falling of the auxiliary hook weight by retracting and retracting, and the main hook steel wire rope 21g that realizes the lifting and falling of the main hook heavy object by retracting and retracting.

The power part of this embodiment adopts the German Mercedes-Benz OM906LA engine, which has passed the strict European EURO 3 exhaust gas regulations and does not pollute the environment; its full electronic control technology can monitor various operating parameters of the engine in real time through the ECU, and when the engine is about to appear In case of abnormal situation, it will alarm in time, which greatly reduces the failure rate. At the same time, parameters such as engine speed can be modified in real time through buttons, which fully facilitates the driver's operation.

This embodiment adopts the IFLEX5 moment limiter system of German PAT company, which is used for dynamic monitoring of the working state of the vehicle, the oil-water system, etc. The system can diagnose and debug the whole vehicle in harsh working environment, and can display working status such as the current detailed working condition table, torque percentage, limit switch, confluence speed, engine speed, etc. through the large viewing angle and high-definition LCD screen Graphical display; at the same time, when dangerous situations such as over-torque or over-discharging of the hoist are about to occur, the action in the dangerous direction will be automatically cut off, and the protection function for the driver during the hoisting process will be provided to the maximum extent. The IFLEX5 system can also make a diagnosis when its own fault occurs, and promptly notify the driver of the fault.

This embodiment adopts the CAN SAE J1939 communication protocol to connect the engine preheating unit, data acquisition unit, control unit, pump control unit, IFLEX5 control system and color LCD monitor, only through a four-core data transmission cable of the CAN bus , the data such as engine parameters, oil-water status, winch and pump working status and real-time torque percentage can be transmitted to the monitor and controller to realize real-time monitoring and control.

The hydraulic and power system is the "heart" of the whole vehicle. This embodiment adopts the extreme load adjustment and load sensing pump of Rexroth Company, which greatly reduces the power of the engine, saves energy consumption and reduces costs. In addition, with the application of hydraulic pilot handle and shuttle valve, the mechanism can realize stepless speed change within a certain speed range, which makes the operation easier; the internal and external confluence technology of the main control valve makes the lifting and traveling divided into fast, normal speed and slow speed. Three speeds make the operation safer.

The self-installation process of the crawler belt assembly is as follows: After the trailer transporting the main engine of the crane arrives at the crane work site, the four hydraulic support legs 14 are rotated and stretched to prop up the support cylinder, the trailer is driven away, and the crane is initially assembled and unloaded as a whole; 21g is pulled out from the lifting drum, bypasses the self-installation pulley from the root of the main arm, and hangs the hook; drives the trailer that transports the track assembly to a suitable place, and unloads the track assembly from the trailer; operates the luffing drum Change the distance between the main luffing dynamic and static pulleys to realize the luffing at the root of the main arm, and operate the slewing mechanism to realize the rotation of the slewing body 2. The above two operations can control the position of the crawler belt assembly in the horizontal direction; operate the lifting drum, It can control the position of the track assembly in the vertical direction; after the position of the track frame is adjusted, the horizontal oil cylinder is operated to expand and contract, the hinge point of the push-pull device 12 is pinned to the corresponding point on the track frame, and the stretching oil cylinder shrinks to fix the track frame to The required position; the revolving body 2 is rotated to the other side as a whole, and the above actions are repeated to realize the installation of the track assembly on the other side.

The self-installation process of the counterweight is as follows: After the completion of the self-installation of the track assembly, the counterweight is removed from the truck and placed in the corresponding position in sequence, the main arm anti-tilt support is locked, and the A-frame lifting cylinder and the The "A"-shaped bracket between the slewing bodies on the crane releases the locking pin on the "A"-shaped bracket, making the "A"-shaped bracket a lifting arm capable of luffing movement, which can lift the counterweight at the tail of the crane to Install the position, carry out necessary fastening, then the installation of the counterweight can be completed.

The self-installation principle of the boom is basically the same as the self-installation principle of the above-mentioned track assembly. Both use the amplitude of the root of the main boom of the crane, operate the slewing mechanism, and lift and assemble each component of the boom in sequence to complete the boom part. Install.

Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5, its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference lies in the structural form of the boom assembly, which is a tower-type lifting structure form, including the main arm 24a that is in a fixed state during work, the root of the main arm 24a is provided with a main arm anti-tilt device 24a1, the auxiliary arm 24b that is hinged with the main arm 24a and can realize amplitude change, and maintains the auxiliary arm 24b to work stably and Reliable amplitude-changing main support 24c, auxiliary support 24d, jib front cable 24e, sub-arm rear cable 24f, and rear cable tensioning device 24g; the main hook wire rope 24h that realizes the lifting and landing of the main hook heavy object by retracting and retracting; The main luffing rope that realizes the luffing of the jib 24b is retracted.

The back cable tensioning device 24g includes a hydraulic cylinder 24g1 hinged to one of the main support 24c and the main arm 24a respectively, a piston rod 24g2 hinged to the remaining one of the main support 24c and the main arm 24a, and the hydraulic cylinder 24g1 The rodless cavity is connected to the oil tank 24g3 pipe, and the said pipeline is provided with a one-way valve 24g4 that keeps the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 24g1 from returning to the oil tank 24g3.

The jib anti-tilt device 24b1 is also provided on the jib assembly, the structure of which is a push rod with one end hinged on the main boom, and a push rod that can accommodate the jib is provided at the corresponding position of the jib 24b of the crane. The top socket at the free end, when the auxiliary arm 24b rotates to a certain angle, the free end of the ejector rod enters the top socket, and then rotates at a certain angle, the auxiliary arm 24b cannot continue to rotate, preventing the auxiliary arm 24b from continuing to rotate due to inertia or misoperation. The jib tipped over causing an accident.

When working, the main arm is fixed, the amplitude of the auxiliary arm is realized by the auxiliary luffing mechanism, and the lifting and falling of the heavy object on the main hook is realized by retracting and releasing the steel wire rope of the main hook.

The drop problem of the rear cable 24f of the jib has been puzzling the two performance indicators of the maximum lifting height and the minimum turning radius in the tower working condition, and the rear cable tensioning device 24g can effectively solve this problem. It adopts the self-priming principle. When lifting a large tonnage, the oil cylinder is extended and the cable is tensioned; after unloading, the oil in the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder cannot flow back to the oil tank due to the action of the one-way valve 24g4, and the oil cylinder maintains its original length. , so the cable is always tensioned, which is consistent with the state when lifting heavy objects. The use of the tensioning device effectively expands the lifting angle of the jib and increases the working range of the whole machine.

Claims (3)

1. all hydraulic caterpillar cranes, comprise intermediate (1), the both sides of intermediate (1) are equipped with track rail assembly (3), gyro-rotor (2) is installed on the intermediate, gyro-rotor is equipped with boom assembly on (2), operator's compartment (22), power and hydraulic efficiency pressure system and counterweight (23), being equipped with on the described intermediate (1) can be with hoisting crane support hydraulic support leg (14) overhead, described track rail assembly (3) can slide along the hold-down arm (11) of intermediate (1), described intermediate (1) and track rail assembly (3) but between be provided with the push-pull device at fixed (12) that push-and-pull track rail assembly (3) slides along hold-down arm (11), also be provided with positioning and locking device (13) between described track rail assembly (3) and the intermediate (1), described boom assembly is tower lifting structure form, the principal arm (24a) that is stationary state when comprising work, the root of principal arm (24a) is provided with principal arm anti-squat system (24a1), and is hinged and can realize the auxiliary (24b) of luffing with principal arm (24a), main support (24c) that keeps auxiliary (24b) stable operation and reliable luffing, secondary support (24d), auxiliary fore stay (24e), auxiliary back stay (24f), back stay tightening device (24g); Realize the main hook steel rope (24h) that the main hook weight rises and falls by folding and unfolding; Realize the main transformer width of cloth rope of auxiliary (24b) luffing by folding and unfolding; It is characterized in that: described back stay tightening device (24g) comprises respectively and main (24c) and one of them pivotally attached hydraulic actuating cylinder (24g1) of principal arm (24a) of supporting, with main one of (24c) and principal arm (24a) the residue pivotally attached piston rod (24g2) that supports, the rodless cavity of hydraulic actuating cylinder (24g1) and fuel tank (24g3) pipe is connected, the do not reflux check valve (24g4) of fuel tank (24g3) of the hydraulic oil that described pipeline is provided with the rodless cavity of maintenance hydraulic actuating cylinder (24g1).

2. all hydraulic caterpillar cranes as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with auxiliary anti-squat system (24b1) on the described boom assembly.

3. all hydraulic caterpillar cranes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the positioning and locking device (13) that is provided with between described track rail assembly (3) and the intermediate (1) comprises the body pivotally attached positioning and locking plate (13a) with track rail assembly (3), positioning and locking plate (13a) is provided with some positioning and lockings hole (13b), the fixedly ear (13d) that has positioning and locking latch (13c) to pass the positioning and locking hole (13b) on the positioning and locking plate (13a) and fix with intermediate (1).

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