CN100382669C - Combine for tillage seeding machine and corn harvesting seeding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an operating machine set by combining a complex operation seeder and a corn harvesting seeder, which belong to seeding machinery. A feed and fertilizer discharging mechanism is arranged on a stalk crushing roller, and the lower part of a seed and fertilizer transmission tube is connected with a coulter which is driven by a land wheel mechanism. The seed and fertilizer transmission tube and a coulter handle pass through gaps of blades of the roller. When stalks are crushed, stalks and weeds which are hung on the seed and fertilizer transmission tube and the coulter handle are cleared under the function of a sundries discharging cutter at the same time. After corn is harvested, the land preparation is not needed, soil has no need to be turned, and the fertilizer application and the seeding can be completed when the stalks are crushed. The once operation of the machine set can complete harvest operation, stalk returning operation, seeding operation and fertilizing operation. The present invention has the advantages of soil compaction and destruction reduction, moisture maintenance, operation time reduction and operating cost reduction.

Description

A kind of multiple operation sower and harvest corn sowing integration of operation unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to sower, belong to seeding machinery.Particularly handle the multiple operation sower relevant, and gather in the crops, sow the integration of operation unit with tillage operation with results back stalk.

Background technology

With China North China grain growth belt is two batches of multiple cropping cropping patterns of field crop of representative, and twice activity duration of the summer harvest, autumn harvest is quite nervous, and particularly results are many with the link that overlaps of seeding operation, operation intersects, the manpower anxiety, the power anxiety, the time is more nervous.As handling wheat straw behind the summer harvest harvesting wheat, plough whole ground, sow corn then; Apply fertilizer, sow wheat after will handling stalk, whole ground during autumn harvest behind the harvest corn.The mechanized that has will successively be used straw cutting apparatus, tractor plough, rake, ridging machine, applies fertilizer at last, sows.Secondly being pressed for time is unfavorable for robbing farming season, and facility enter ground often, to soil stir, number of machine passes is many, causes the evaporation of water in soil and soil compaction, be unfavorable for emerging and plant growth.Corn stubble is thick, and big " pimple " of formation reaches without putrefaction in two, three years the plough horizon borough chief, has a strong impact on seeding quality, must remove corn stubble before some place is broadcast, and this is to influence the one of the main reasons that no-tillage seeding is promoted.Cargo handling operation is many besides, has increased power demand quantity and power consumption, causes operating cost to increase, and becomes two big bottlenecks of restriction farm working machinery development.Therefore uniting compound working tool is developing direction.Particularly no-tillage seeding is advocated in some place in recent years, the also corresponding no-tillage seeding machine that stalk processing or scarification equipment back have occurred sower is bound up on.As CN1383923A disclosed " crushed stalk no-tillage with straw mulch seeding and fertilizer spreading machine " and CN2543329Y disclosed " with the no-tillage seeding machine of vertical straw millstone ", on addressing the above problem, obtained certain progress.This shows that multiple operation is the important development direction of sower from now on.But existing technology also exists body long, and shortcomings such as complex structure are not also really handled sowing organically combining with preceding stubble.Its key is, so far also solves the problem of finishing sowing under the results back exists a large amount of stalks, weeds and corn stubble on ground the situation technically without comparison well, mainly is to solve the problem that stalk, weeds stop up plough.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sowing and straw-returning or tillage operation to organically combine becomes a machine, solves the multiple operation sower of stalk, weeds obstruction plough and processing corn stubble.

The present invention also aims to provide maize harvesting and stalk to pulverize seeding and fertilizing integration of operation unit.

The purpose of multiple operation sower of the present invention realizes that by following measure this multiple operation sower comprises frame, gear-box, roller, feed mechanism, grain tube, plough, wheel mechanism.Roller, feed mechanism, be installed on the frame, connect grain tube under the feed mechanism, frame connects by gear-box drive roller by suspension arrangement and tractor, and roller can be installed straw stalk pulverizing knife or go out weak cutter or rotary blade, and the ground wheel mechanism drives feed mechanism, its characteristics are roller cylindrical ground proximity, plough can be stubble-opening shovel formula plough, and the position of grain tube and plough handle is to pass through between the gap of roller blade, and the blade of grain tube or plough handle both sides is an impurity-discharging knife.

Maize harvesting and stalk is pulverized wheat cultivation fertilizing combine group, comprises the integration of operation unit of Maize harvesting machine, tractor, ear or transport device, fruit ear case and straw millstone, and its characteristics are that straw millstone is the multiple operation sower.Comprise frame, gear-box, roller, feed mechanism, grain tube, connect fertilizer delivering pipe under the fertilizer mechanism, plough is installed in plough handle lower end, and the ground wheel mechanism connects feed mechanism and fertilizer mechanism through transmission device, roller cylindrical ground proximity, plough can be stubble-opening shovel formula plough, and grain tube, fertilizer delivering pipe and plough handle are between the gap of roller blade, and the blade of grain tube, fertilizer delivering pipe and plough handle both sides is straight shape impurity-discharging knife.

From the practice of seeding machinary integration of operation in the past, no matter be the summer harvest or autumn harvest, sowing has a large amount of stalks, weeds to handle on the preceding ground, otherwise stalk is jammed in the seed-furrow opener place.Use disk coulter, meet stalk and be difficult to bury, almost can't operation.Here it is causes the foregoing reason weak, that put in order operations such as ground of must going out.Again from using the operation principle of crushed stalk roller for many years, reach the purpose of crushing straw in the effect of the knife section of roller high speed rotating and ledger-plate.But stationary knife does not twine the phenomenon of grass or obstruction stalk.The present invention utilizes this principle to realize compound sowing, fertilising operation.Key is that plough, grain tube will pass through between the blade of high speed rotating, and this be it is believed that it is can not be actable always.In fact, plough handle or grain tube pass through in the gap of rotating blade, if having stalk, weeds to be blocked in therebetween, under the effect of impurity-discharging knife, are forced to rapidly get rid of, and can not stop up.The in a single day instantaneous extension grass of plough also can be removed clean by impurity-discharging knife at any time effectively.Even if sow through behind the tillage operation, plough is still often hung grass and is stopped up.Iff the pulley type impurity-discharging knife being set in order to prevent plough from stopping up, increased machine complexity, the cost of paying is " greatly " a bit.Yet, when satisfying the straw chopping and returning requirement, solve plough and hung careless blocking problem, in the moment of field-returning machine chopping stalk and weeds sowing, stubble-opening shovel formula plough cuts off corn stubble root and makes it to lift certain height simultaneously, " picked up " pulverizing by the field-returning machine blade, just become ingenious and rational the design.This most suitable no-tillage seeding of being advocated in recent years promptly under the synergy of cylinder and plough, realizes that promptly crushed stalk prevents plough extension grass again, stops up.Plough just can reduce as far as possible finish under the situation that soil is stirred sowing, the fertilising and the suppression.Stalk, the weeds thrown are dropped on again and have broadcast on the face of land, also play the soil moisture conservation effect.This has just realized " no-tillage operation " truly.If also get used to old tillage method, drum speed is reduced, change the weak cutter that goes out, also can go out and finish sowing in weak, apply fertilizer in rotary tillage.Like this, the present invention just can finish two even several the operations that facility can be finished several times by the one-stop operation after results of a multiple operation sower, for reducing soil packing and destruction, keeps soil moisture, improves tillage condition; Reduce the operation number of times, reducing operating cost will play an important role.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1: roller plays the multiple operation no-tillage seeding machine end view of crushed stalk effect.

Accompanying drawing 2: roller plays the go out multiple operation sower end view of weak effect of rotary tillage.

Accompanying drawing 3: impurity-discharging knife structure.

Accompanying drawing 4: stubble-opening shovel formula plough end view.

Accompanying drawing 5: harvest corn, an integration of operation unit of crushed stalk seeding and fertilizing end view.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described further.

Embodiment 1, and roller as shown in Figure 1 plays the multiple operation no-tillage seeding machine of crushed stalk effect.Mainly be applicable to sowing wheat operation behind the harvest corn in autumn, also can be used for wheat stubble sowing corn after the summer harvest.The hitch, the gear-box 2 that connect with tractor are installed on frame 1, and gear-box is similar to existing structure, promptly by power transmission shaft with the transmission of power of tractor to gear-box 2, the speed and the direction of gear-box change power transmission shaft.The output shaft of gear-box passes to the roller 3 that is installed on the frame 1 by belt or chain again.Roller 3 is equipped with straw stalk pulverizing knife 7.Feed mechanism 4 is installed on the frame on the top of roller, seed-box is arranged above, connect grain tube 5 below the feed mechanism.Grain tube 5 can be hollow profile, connects plough 6 down, promptly as grain tube, also is that plough is bright.This grain tube passes through in the middle of the gap of roller blade, is straight type impurity-discharging knife 8 as the blade on the roller 3 of the discharging tube both sides as shown in the accompanying drawing 3, and the gap of the interference of preventing will be arranged between impurity-discharging knife and the grain tube 5.The grain tube lower end can connect with frame 1, to gain in strength.Grain tube 5 can pass through before or after the roller axle.Plough 6 can use reduce as far as possible soil stir can return automatically soil similar boots footwear formula or disc type plough.As required can be by fertilizer apparatus 9, fertilizer can, fertilizer delivering pipe 10 and plough 6 being installed with spline structure.If necessary soil covering implement can be installed in the plough back.The ground wheel mechanism can be installed in side or back, drives feed mechanism and fertilizer mechanism by land wheel.Be installed on the land wheel pull bar 11 and frame 1 hinge connection at land axle two ends, regulate core bar 13 lower ends and land axle hinge connection, spring 14 is enclosed within that to regulate core bar 13 outer and pass hole on frame 1 extension, have pin to insert the height adjustment hole of regulating core bar 13, press wheel height and pressure can be regulated by spring.Land wheel 12 can be a press wheel.In operation process, the roller 3 of high speed rotating is close to ground handling, with crushed stalk.Crushing straw " flows " backward along the roller backplate under action of centrifugal force.The grain tube 5, fertilising pipe 12 that the present invention will have a plough handle function reaching under the centre, gap of the blade of roller 3 among the soil, is blocked in before the grain tube fertilizer delivering pipe and stalk, the weeds of plough front are all pulverized at any time, dispose by impurity-discharging knife if having.So just can be implemented in and finish sowing, fertilising operation under the situation that soil do not stir substantially, thereby solved the no-tillage seeding problem.Some local autumn sowing must be removed corn stubble, can use the plough 15 of stubble-opening shovel formula as shown in Figure 4 in this case, and this plough scoops up corn stubble, " is picked up " pulverizing by roller blade 7 immediately.To improving tillage condition also is favourable.In actual job, also can impurity-discharging knife 8 only be installed in the plough both sides, can install or not install straw stalk pulverizing knife less, can also reduce power consumption like this according to actual conditions.

Embodiment 2, and roller works the multiple operation sower of the weak effect of going out as shown in Figure 2.Be mainly used in summer sowing, can reequip, the roller velocity of rotation is reduced by gear-box to the compound sower shown in the accompanying drawing 1, straw stalk pulverizing knife is replaced by the weak cutter that goes out, feed mechanism 4 adjusted to broadcast the corn state, line-spacing also adjusts, the weak sowing of then can going out.Embedded depth can be regulated, and can play too to prevent that plough from twining grass, reaches the effect of no-tillage seeding.

Embodiment 3, the harvest corn shown in the accompanying drawing 5, integration of operation unit of crushed stalk seeding and fertilizing.Be to finish corn picker at tractor 02 front forward mounting Maize harvesting machine 01, fruit ear is transported to the back of tractor by elevator 03, falls in the fruit ear case 04.Suspension multiple operation seeding and fertilizer spreading machine of the present invention below the fruit ear case of the back of tractor is formed harvest corn, seeding and fertilizing integration of operation unit.Maize harvesting machine in front is through after plucking fringe, just soft, lodging that stalk is extruded, the straw stalk pulverizing knife of installing on the roller of said multiple operation seeding and fertilizer spreading machine is with these straw chopping and returnings, simultaneously overcome stalk weeds clogging by the impurity-discharging knife on the roller again, finish fertilising, the seeding operation of wheat.Can be installed in more than 55 horsepowers on the large and middle tractor.Unit is once sowed whole operations by just finishing from harvest corn to finishing wheat fertilizing.Like this, with make original extremely loaded down with trivial details, complicated autumn harvest, autumn planting operation become succinctly, light.To improving tillage condition, reduce cargo handling operation, simplify series of machine, reduce facility quantity, reducing operating cost will play a key effect.

Claims (6)

1. multiple operation sower, comprise frame (1), gear-box (2), roller (3), feed mechanism (4), grain tube (5), plough (6), the ground wheel mechanism, gear-box (2), roller (3), feed mechanism (4), the plough handle is installed on the frame (1), connect grain tube (5) under the feed mechanism, plough (6) is installed in plough handle lower end, frame is connect by suspension arrangement and tractor and has gear-box (2) to connect through transmission device and roller (3), blade (7) is installed on the roller, the ground wheel mechanism connects feed mechanism (4) through transmission device, it is characterized in that roller (3) cylindrical ground proximity, plough is a stubble-opening shovel formula plough (15), in the position that grain tube (5) and plough handle are installed on the frame between the gap of roller (3) blade.

2. according to the described multiple operation sower of claim 1, the blade that it is characterized in that the both sides of rack-mounted grain tube (5), plough handle is a straight shape impurity-discharging knife (8).

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described multiple operation sowers, it is characterized in that connecing fertilizer delivering pipe (10) under the fertilizer mechanism (9) installing on the frame, the position of plough handle and fertilizer delivering pipe (10) is installed on the frame between the gap of roller (3) blade.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 described multiple operation sowers, it is characterized in that the ground wheel mechanism comprises land wheel pull bar (11), land wheel (12), regulates core bar (13) and spring (14), be installed on the land wheel pull bar (11) and frame (1) hinge connection at land axle two ends, regulate core bar (13) lower end and land axle hinge connection, spring (14) is enclosed within that to regulate core bar (13) outer and pass hole on frame (1) extension, have pin to insert the height adjustment hole of regulating core bar (13), land wheel (12) is a press wheel.

5. according to the described multiple operation sower of claim 3, it is characterized in that the ground wheel mechanism comprises land wheel pull bar (11), land wheel (12), regulates core bar (13) and spring (14), be installed on the land wheel pull bar (11) and frame (1) hinge connection at land axle two ends, regulate core bar (13) lower end and land axle hinge connection, spring (14) is enclosed within that to regulate core bar (13) outer and pass hole on frame (1) extension, have pin to insert the height adjustment hole of regulating core bar (13), land wheel (12) is a press wheel.

6. a maize harvesting and stalk is pulverized wheat cultivation fertilizing combine group, comprise Maize harvesting machine (01), tractor (02), ear or transport device (03), the integration of operation unit of fruit ear case (04) and straw millstone, Maize harvesting machine (01) is suspended on the dead ahead of tractor (02), be installed on the side of tractor (02) with the ear or transport device (03) that Maize harvesting machine (01) is connected mutually, fruit ear case (04) is installed in the top, back of tractor, the below, back of tractor hangs straw millstone, it is characterized in that straw millstone is multiple operation sower (05), comprise frame (1), gear-box (2), roller (3), feed mechanism (4), grain tube (5), connect fertilizer delivering pipe (10) under the fertilizer mechanism (9), plough (6) is installed in plough handle lower end, the ground wheel mechanism connects feed mechanism (4) and fertilizer mechanism (9) through transmission device, roller (3) cylindrical ground proximity, plough is a stubble-opening shovel formula plough (15), the grain tube of installing on frame (5), fertilizer delivering pipe (10) and plough handle are between the gap of roller (3) blade.

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