CN100375648C - On-line chemical cleaning method for membrane bioreactor - Google Patents

On-line chemical cleaning method for membrane bioreactor Download PDF

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CN100375648C
CN100375648C CNB200510115862XA CN200510115862A CN100375648C CN 100375648 C CN100375648 C CN 100375648C CN B200510115862X A CNB200510115862X A CN B200510115862XA CN 200510115862 A CN200510115862 A CN 200510115862A CN 100375648 C CN100375648 C CN 100375648C
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cleaning
membrane
bioreactor
film
tmp
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CN1772355A (en
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黄霞
魏春海
陈福泰
文湘华
汪诚文
俞开昌
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses an on-line chemical cleaning method for control the membrane pollution of membrane-bioreactors, which belongs to the technical field of water and wastewater treatment and purification. The present invention uses alkali washing as a core accompanied with acid washing, and aiming at a small-scale membrane-bioreactor, a large-scale membrane-bioreactor and a medium-scale membrane-bioreactor, the present invention recommends two corresponding cleaning modes (a fixed cleaning period and a cleaning period controlled by a TMP development speed). The present invention can effectively clean membrane hole blockage and gel layer pollution which are formed from macromolecular organic matter and colloidal matter so as to restore membrane filtering capacity, and has the advantages of easy operation and low maintenance cost. The present invention can realize the long-term and stable operation of a membrane module, extend the service life of the membrane module and reduce the maintenance cost of the membrane module so as to ensure the long-term operating stability of the membrane-bioreactors in scale engineering application, and reduces the operation cost of the membrane-bioreactor.

Description

The online chemical cleaning method that is used for film-bioreactor
Technical field
The invention belongs to water and wastewater treatment and purification techniques field, particularly a kind of online chemical cleaning method that is used for film-bioreactor that film pollutes in the control film-bioreactor.
Background technology
Film-bioreactor is a kind of new and effective wastewater treatment and reuse technology with membrane separation technique and the combination of traditional biological treatment technology.Because having adopted efficiently, membrane separation technique substitutes the gravitational settling separation method, therefore compare with traditional waste water treatment process, the film-bioreactor technology has outstanding advantages such as effluent quality good stable, floor space is little, excess sludge production is few, and film-bioreactor apparatus structure compactness, easily be automated control, also can transform traditional cities B-grade sewage treatment plant easily simultaneously, make its output water reach the standard of recycle-water.
According to the position that is provided with of membrane module, film-bioreactor can be divided into separated type film-bioreactor and integral type film-bioreactor two big classes.The integral type film-bioreactor is owing to saved the mixed liquor circulatory system, and by negative pressure suction water outlet, energy consumption is relatively low, takes up an area of also more compact than the separated type film-bioreactor.Therefore, the integral type film-bioreactor has tentatively begun the application of scale engineering in middle water reuse, municipal sewage treatment and the reuse of heavy construction and residential quarter, the processing of high concentrated organic wastewater, the processing of organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby and the fields such as purification of micro-polluted source water in recent years.But the cost that how effectively controlling diaphragm pollutes, the reduction controlling diaphragm pollutes, the service life of membrane component and prolong are used for the film-bioreactor large-scale promotion and have crucial meaning.
As everyone knows, film-bioreactor is when operation, membrane module will be polluted inevitably, small-molecule substance can stop up fenestra in the muddy water mixed solution, macromolecular substances and colloid can be adsorbed onto the film surface gradually and form gel layer, and particulate matters such as zoogloea can deposit to the film surface and form cake layer, and this all can increase the filtration resistance of membrane module, remarkable decline of membrane flux or transmembrane pressure are significantly risen, thereby influence the stability of system's long-time running.The cake layer that particulate matters such as zoogloea form pollutes and can be controlled preferably by the hydrodynamics characteristics (cross-flow filtration, air-water two phase flow, hydraulic reverse flushing or air backwash etc.) and the suitable working flux (subcritical flux) of employing that improve membrane filtration, and the fenestra that is formed by organic matter and colloidal substance stops up and gel layer pollutes but above-mentioned measure can not be removed.Because alkali cleaning (NaC10) has very strong effects such as oxidation Decomposition corrosion for organic matter and microorganism, and pickling (citric acid, ethanedioic acid, hydrochloric acid) has good dissolving to remove effect for inorganic sediment, so Chemical cleaning is thoroughly to remove the effective measures that film pollutes, recovers the membrane filtration ability, also be that to keep membrane module operation steady in a long-term necessary.
Chemical cleaning is divided into dipping and cleans on-line cleaning two classes in (body is interior or external) and the body.In general it is better to flood cleaning performance, but bigger to the damage of film, and operation is also complicated.External dipping cleans lifting, the transfer system that not only needs membrane module, also needs special rinse bath and cleaning equipment, and enough spaces will be arranged, and also has the post processing problem of cleaning waste liquid simultaneously; Dipping cleans and membrane module need be arranged separately in the separating tank in the body, equally also has the problem of cleaning waste liquid.And the existing effective advantage of other film pollution control measures of comparing of online Chemical cleaning is more simple than the chemical impregnation cleaning again, and little to the damage of film, is important film pollution control measures therefore.
Though use the patent documentation that film-bioreactor carries out sewage disposal both at home and abroad for existing several, as domestic " aspirating built-in film-bioreactor (patent No. 97228698.5) ", " water treatment technology of flow-through type film-bioreactor and equipment thereof (patent No. 99111514.7) ", " integral membrane biological reaction equipment " (patent No. 98225338.9), " doughnut membrane biological reaction apparatus for treating sewage " (patent No. 97228032.4), " film separation bioreactor for disposing polluted water " (patent No. 00250653.X), " handle the film-bioreactor of waste water " (patent No. 01212672.1), and external " Membrane bioreactor; process andaerator " (Pub.No.:US 2004/0108268 A1), " Apparatus and method forcleaning membrane filtration modules " (Pub.No.:WO 00/18498), " Chemicalcleaning backwash for immersed filtering membranes " (Pub.No.:WO01/08790 A1), " Filter device " (Pub.No.:JP 2001079362 A), " Separatingmembrane module and module assembly " (Pub.No.:JP 2003181248 A), " Methodand apparatus for chemical cleaning of filter membrane module " (Pub.No.:JP 2003251159 A), but but these patents all do not relate to online Chemical cleaning or just generally mention and clear and definite operating parameter not in detail.Therefore the present invention has proposed the operational procedure of the stronger relevant online Chemical cleaning of clearer and more definite operability on experimental basis.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of online chemical cleaning method that is used for controlling film-bioreactor wastewater treatment and the pollution of reuse technology film.Described online chemical cleaning method is to adopt cleaning agent to clean and be provided with corresponding device thereof:
1. the selection of cleaning agent
A) alkali cleaning
The alkali cleaning agent mainly is clorox (NaC10) solution: low concentration (effective chlorine 50~200mg/L); High concentration (effective chlorine 3000~6000mg/L).Press membrane area soup consumption V=5~20L soup/m 2
B) pickling
The acid cleaning agent is selected citric acid, ethanedioic acid or hydrochloric acid solution (pH=1~2), presses membrane area soup consumption V=5~20L soup/m 2
Alkali cleaning is at first selected in above-mentioned cleaning for use, just uses pickling when only inorganic content is higher in the not obvious or feed liquid at alkali cleaning effect.
2. the judgement of cleaning frequency
A) fixing cleaning frequency
Film-bioreactor for big-and-middle scale adopts per 1~2 all low concentration alkali cleanings once, and per high concentration alkali cleaning in 2~March once.The transmembrane pressure of membrane module (TMP) maintains on the reduced levels all the time under this cleaning model.This kind pattern is cleaned more frequent, and operational administrative is complicated, should adopt automation control.
B) with transmembrane pressure (TMP) the development speed control cleaning frequency
Film-bioreactor adopts with TMP on a small scale tReach initial filter value TMP 0When adding 5~20kPa,, adopt the high concentration alkali cleaning this moment as the sign of implementing to clean.Membrane module TMP presents periodic variation under this cleaning model, and TMP presents rising trend in the cycle, but after online Chemical cleaning, TMP returns near initial level.This kind pattern cleaning frequency is low, and operational administrative is simple, can manual operation for reducing cost.
3. online chemical cleaning method implementation step is as follows:
A) clean soup according to membrane area and the preparation of soup kind;
B) stopper film assembly Inlet and outlet water and aeration;
C) leave standstill 5~10 minutes, and finish the required valve switching of cleaning operation;
D) open dosing pump, whole soups were divided in 60~120 minutes several times inject in the membrane module, left standstill then 30~60 minutes by opposite with the normal filtration direction;
E) open aeration again, in 10~15 minutes, finish the required valve of normal Inlet and outlet water operation and switch, open Inlet and outlet water then again and move continuously.
4. be implemented in the linearize cleaning corresponding chemical cleaning system need be set: soup storage pool, dosing pump, flowmeter, Chemical cleaning pipeline, automaton.In addition, on the membrane module aspiration He on the Chemical cleaning pipeline corresponding valve need be set, to finish the on-line cleaning operation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: online Chemical cleaning can be polluted film and be controlled at all the time on the lower level; realize the long-term stability operation of membrane module; the service life of membrane component and prolong; reduce the maintenance cost of membrane module; thereby guarantee the long-time running stability that film-bioreactor scale engineering is used, and reduce its operating cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a small-scale integral type film-bioreactor embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is big-and-middle scale integral type film-bioreactor embodiment schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is for adopting the operation result of TMP development speed control cleaning model;
Fig. 4 is for adopting the fixedly operation result of cleaning frequency cleaning model.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is a kind of online chemical cleaning method that is used for controlling the pollution of film-bioreactor film.Described online chemical cleaning method is to adopt cleaning agent to clean and be provided with corresponding device thereof.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Shown in Figure 1 is to adopt TMP development speed to be controlled at the small-scale integral type film-bioreactor schematic diagram of linearize cleaning model.This system washes pipeline, medical solution pool 8 and corresponding valve 11,12,13,14, controller 15 and liquid level gauge 17 by intake pump 1 and inlet pipeline, bioreactor 2, membrane module 3, air blast 5 and aerating pipelines 6, suction/dosing pump 7 and outlet pipeline, flowmeter 10, clear water reserviors 9, suction/dosing pump 7 and medicine and forms.Intake pump 1 is by liquid level gauge 17 control operation automatically, to guarantee that liquid level is basicly stable in the bioreactor 2.Bioreactor 2 is the cuboid or the cylindrical shape of top opening, deflector or guide shell 4 are divided into the up-flow district with bioreactor 2 and fall stream district two parts, membrane module 3 (can be the doughnut of organic or inorganic, the micro-filtration or the milipore filter of board-like, tubular type) places in the up-flow district, aerator 6 be positioned at membrane module 3 under. Pressure sensor 16 and 18 is measured the inside and outside pressure of membrane module respectively to calculate TMP.Medical solution pool 8 and clear water reserviors 9 are used for being stored in soup and the processing water outlet that linearize is cleaned respectively.By 11,12,13,14 corresponding switchings can reduce cost of investment like this so that suction pump and dosing pump unite two into one to valve.Flowmeter 10 is used for measuring processing water outlet and Chemical cleaning medicinal liquid flow.
During the normal filtration operation, former water enters bioreactor 2 after intake pump 1 promotes, and after the aerobic microbiological of the organic matter in the former water in reactor fully degraded, handles water under the swabbing action of suction/dosing pump 7, and filtering through membrane module 3 becomes system's water outlet.During normal the operation, valve 11,14 is closed, and valve 12,13 is opened, and makes suction/dosing pump 7 can realize aspirating effluent functions.Suction/dosing pump 7 is controlled intermittent duty by controller 15 at interval with certain hour, with the lasting accumulation of pollution abatement thing.
When carrying out online Chemical cleaning, at first stop intake pump 1 and suction/dosing pump 7, the machine 5 that turns off the blast then, next finish the required valve of online Chemical cleaning and switch: valve 11,14 is opened, valve 12,13 is closed, and makes suction/dosing pump 7 can realize reverse cleaning function.According to required soup kind and consumption, in medical solution pool 8, prepare and clean required soup, open 7 dosings of suction/dosing pump then, whole soups were divided in 60~120 minutes inject several times in the membrane module (opposite), left standstill then 30~60 minutes with the normal filtration direction.Next open air blast 5 again and carry out aeration, finished the required valve of normal water inlet operation and switch in 10~15 minutes: valve 11,14 is closed, and valve 12,13 is opened.Then, opening intake pump 1 and suction/dosing pump 7 again moves continuously.
Shown in Figure 2 is to adopt the fixedly big-and-middle scale integral type film-bioreactor schematic diagram of online Chemical cleaning pattern of cleaning frequency.This system washes pipeline, medical solution pool 8, clarified water pump 23 and corresponding valve 11,12,24, magnetic valve 20, magnetic valve 21 and PLC control device 19 by intake pump 1 and inlet pipeline, bioreactor 2, membrane module 3, air blast 5 and aerating pipelines 6, suction pump 7 and outlet pipeline, flowmeter 10, clear water reserviors 9, dosing pump 22 and medicine and forms.
Intake pump 1 is by PLC control device 19 control operation automatically, to guarantee that liquid level is basicly stable in the bioreactor 2.Bioreactor 2 is the cuboid or the cylindrical shape of top opening, deflector or guide shell 4 are divided into the up-flow district with bioreactor 2 and fall stream district two parts, membrane module 3 (can be the doughnut of organic or inorganic, the micro-filtration or the milipore filter of board-like, tubular type) places in the up-flow district, aerator 6 be positioned at membrane module 3 under.Pressure sensor 16 and 18 is measured the inside and outside pressure of membrane module respectively to calculate TMP.Medical solution pool 8 and clear water reserviors 9 are used for being stored in soup and the processing water outlet that linearize is cleaned respectively.Finish the whole operations that comprise normal filtration operation and online Chemical cleaning by the automatic control of intake pump 1 in 19 pairs of systems of PLC control device, air blast 5, suction pump 7, dosing pump 22, clarified water pump 23, magnetic valve 20 and 21, pressure sensor 16 and 18.Three flowmeters 10 be used for respectively stoichiometric chemistry cleaning agent concentrated solution flow, clean soup dilution water flow and handle water flow.
During the normal filtration operation, former water enters reactor 2 after intake pump 1 promotes, and after the aerobic microbiological of the organic matter in the former water in reactor fully degraded, handles water under the swabbing action of suction pump 7, and filtering through membrane module 3 becomes system's water outlet.During normal the operation, magnetic valve 20 cuts out, and magnetic valve 21 is opened, and makes suction pump 7 can realize aspirating effluent functions.Suction pump 7 is controlled intermittent duty by PLC control device 19 at interval with certain hour, with the lasting accumulation of pollution abatement thing.
When carrying out online Chemical cleaning, PLC control device 19 stops intake pump 1 and suction pump 7 at first automatically, machine 5 then turns off the blast, next finishing the required valve of online Chemical cleaning switches: magnetic valve 21 cuts out, magnetic valve 20 is opened, and makes dosing pump 22 and clarified water pump 23 can realize reverse cleaning function.According to required soup kind and consumption, in medical solution pool 8, prepare this time in advance and clean required dense soup.PLC control device 19 is opened dosing pump 22, while automatically and is opened clarified water pump 23 automatically, concentrated solution is mixed in pipeline with the certain flow ratio with the processing water outlet, make mixing back liquor strength reach predetermined value, will save the volume of medical solution pool 8 like this, and simplify the operation sequence that soup is cleaned in preparation.All soups divided in 60~120 minutes and inject several times in the membrane module (opposite with the normal filtration direction), left standstill then 30~60 minutes.Next the PLC control device 19 automatic air blasts 5 of opening carry out aeration, and finish the required valve of normal Inlet and outlet water operation in 10~15 minutes and switch: magnetic valve 20 cuts out, and magnetic valve 21 is opened.At last, open intake pump 1 and suction pump 7 operation continuously again automatically.
Figure 3 shows that the water reuse project adopts TMP development speed to be controlled at the operation result of linearize cleaning model in certain integral type film-bioreactor.This project treatment scale is 240m 3/ d adopts the polyethylene hollow fiber membrane module, and handling object is the bath sewage of residential quarter, is back to subdistrict greening and landscape water after the processing.Adopting TMP development speed to be controlled under the linearize cleaning model, realized the stable operation of middle water reuse project.
Figure 4 shows that certain integral type film-bioreactor pilot-plant adopts the result of the test of online Chemical cleaning pattern of fixed cycle.This device is handled typical municipal sewage, day output Q d=17m 3/ d adopts the Kynoar hollow fiber film assembly.Wash at regular online medicine under (per 1~2 all low concentration alkali cleanings once, per high concentration alkali cleaning in 2~March once) operator scheme, realized high flux (J=30L/m 2/ h) the operation of the long-term stability under the condition.
Because alkali cleaning (NaC10) has very strong effects such as oxidation Decomposition corrosion for organic matter and microorganism, and pickling (citric acid, ethanedioic acid, hydrochloric acid) has good dissolving to remove effect for inorganic sediment, so online Chemical cleaning (alkali cleaning and pickling) is very effectively and completely for removing pollution that organic matter, colloid and inorganic matter precipitation cause, recovering the membrane filtration ability.

Claims (1)

1. one kind is used to control the online chemical cleaning method that the film-bioreactor film pollutes, and it is characterized in that: described online chemical cleaning method is to adopt cleaning agent to clean:
1) selection of cleaning agent
A) alkali cleaning, alkali cleaning agent mainly are clorox NaClO solution: effective chlorine is that low concentration or the effective chlorine of 50~200mg/L is the high concentration of 3000~6000mg/L; Its soup consumption is V=5~20L soup/m 2Membrane area;
B) pickling, sour cleaning agent is selected citric acid, ethanedioic acid or hydrochloric acid solution, pH=1~2, the soup consumption is V=5~20L soup/m 2Membrane area;
Alkali cleaning is at first selected in above-mentioned cleaning for use, or earlier with using pickling after the alkali cleaning again;
2) judgement of cleaning frequency
A) fixing cleaning frequency, adopt per 1~2 all low concentration alkali cleanings once for the film-bioreactor of big-and-middle scale, per high concentration alkali cleaning in 2~March is once;
B) with the transmembrane pressure TMP speed control cleaning frequency, adopt with TMP for the small-scale film-bioreactor tReach initial filter value TMP 0When adding 5~20kPa,, adopt the high concentration alkali cleaning this moment as the sign of implementing to clean; Membrane module TMP presents periodic variation under this cleaning model, and TMP presents rising trend in the cycle, but after online Chemical cleaning, TMP returns near initial level;
3) online chemical cleaning method implementation step is as follows:
A) press the preparation of membrane area and soup kind and clean soup;
B) stopper film assembly Inlet and outlet water and aeration;
C) leave standstill 5~10 minutes, finish the required valve of cleaning operation and switch;
D) open dosing pump, whole soups were divided to press several times with the normal filtration rightabout in 60~120 minutes inject in the membrane module, left standstill then 30~60 minutes;
E) open aeration again, in 10~15 minutes, finish the required valve of normal Inlet and outlet water operation and switch, open Inlet and outlet water then again and move continuously.
CNB200510115862XA 2005-11-11 2005-11-11 On-line chemical cleaning method for membrane bioreactor Expired - Fee Related CN100375648C (en)

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CN102241428A (en) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-16 何寿平 Online chemical cleaning method for ultrafiltration/microfiltration membrane
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CN107349793B (en) * 2017-07-12 2020-05-26 天津大学 System and method for off-line chemical cleaning of MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane group device on line
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