CN100371084C - Method for treating leak oil polluted quartz beach sand - Google Patents
Method for treating leak oil polluted quartz beach sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN100371084C CN100371084C CNB2005100949440A CN200510094944A CN100371084C CN 100371084 C CN100371084 C CN 100371084C CN B2005100949440 A CNB2005100949440 A CN B2005100949440A CN 200510094944 A CN200510094944 A CN 200510094944A CN 100371084 C CN100371084 C CN 100371084C
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- seawater
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 title 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 alkyl hydroxybenzene Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241001272567 Hominoidea Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for treating quartziferous sea beach sand grains polluted by oil spill. In the method, seawater is used as a separating medium; a given amount of surface active agent or a mixture of the surface active agent and a separating auxiliary agent is added; at environmental temperature, sea beach sand grains polluted by the oil spill can be effectively separated by stirring the seawater, medicament and sand grains polluted by oil, and the separation efficiency reaches more than 99%. The method is suitable for treating the quartziferous sea beach sand grains polluted by the oil spill of refined oil and all kinds of crude oil (comprising crude oil with high coagulation and high adhesion), and can be used for separating dry sand above a flood line polluted by the oil from sea beach damp sand. The method uses the seawater as the separating medium, which greatly saves treating cost. The method can carry out separation at the environmental temperature without heating, which effectively reduces energy consumption. The present invention has the advantages of low medicament cost, no environmental pollution, no secondary pollution, high separation efficiency, low requirement for devices and operating conditions and simplicity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the prevention and cure of pollution field, relate to a kind of improvement method that is subjected to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains of oil spill.
Background technology
Along with China's rapid development of economy, especially swift and violent to the demand growth of crude oil to the energy, since the nineties, the crude oil in China import volume is cumulative year after year situation.Most age of a ship of oil tanker that the crude oil transport by sea is adopted is long, technical standard is low, and quite a few is old boats and ships.Marine transportation is subjected to the influence of natural conditions very big, and these oil tankers exist huge oil spilling risk in acknowledgement of consignment oil process.In case large-scale oil spill accident takes place, will be to the harm of marine ecology, fishery, bringing on a disaster property of aquaculture.
Present oil spilling is administered the processing that technology mainly concentrates on offshore spilled oil, and to the improvement at the seabeach that is subjected to oil spill, still is limited to some simple processing methods, as clear up naturally, biological restoration, mechanical means, chemical method and original position burning etc.Wherein, clearing up naturally is under the situation that no manpower is got involved, and relies on the effect of wave, sunlight, microorganism etc. to make oily natural decomposition.Biological restoration then is by extra-nutrition material or bacterial classification, thereby reaches the purpose of strengthening the natural biology degradation process.The machinery means comprise the lay oil absorption material, vavuum pump suction, and root out the sand of severe contamination or will pollute sand with excavator and drag away with spade, rake etc., and handle etc. in the strange land.Chemical method comprises and adds detergent, high pressure water washing, thermokalite water flushing etc.
Above-mentioned processing method is existing in practice to be used, and has shown certain effect.But because the processing time that needs is long, or weak effect, or, still lack desirable treatment technology at present to reasons such as bio-toxicity are too big.Though clear up naturally and the biological restoration treatment effect good and environmentally friendly, its required cycle is longer, and owing to be subjected to the restriction of biological tolerance, also is used for the improvement that low concentration pollutes more.The machinery means often need great amount of manpower and material resources, and the staff works under the high density pollution condition for a long time, and are serious to the harm of health, need take strict safe precaution measure.Simultaneously, this method needs that contaminated sand is carried out dystopy and handles, and as burning, landfill etc., otherwise can cause secondary pollution.Toxicity such as the detergent that adds in the chemical Treatment process, buck are very big, and to the biology at seabeach, especially the intertidal zone biology often causes fatal harm.The limitation that original position is burned is very big, generally only is applied to be subjected to the processing of the shrub, mangrove etc. of oil spilling severe contamination.The above treatment technology is used for being subjected to the improvement of the sand waste that light oil pollutes more.And, have only the method for manually rooting out at present for the pollution that high pour point and viscous crude oil causes.Artificial eradicant eating not only needs to consume great amount of manpower, and labour intensity is big, and condition of work is abominable, and greasy dirt thoroughly can not be removed by rooting out, and treatment effect is also very undesirable.
Therefore, exploiting economy, efficient, easy and simple to handle, the convenient-to-running improvement technology that is subjected to greasy dirt to dye the beach sand waste, especially the improvement technology of the pollution that causes for high pour point and viscous crude oil has very important actual application value.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of economy, efficient, simple to operate, environmentally friendly is provided, and be applicable to various oil spills, especially be subjected to the improvement method of the quartziferous beach sand waste of high pour point and viscous crude oil pollution.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical measures:
Present technique is called for short oil-sand at the quartziferous seabeach sand grains that is subjected to oil spill, comprises the sand grains that polluted by crude oil fresh or weathering or product oil, the sand grains that polluted by water-in-oil emulsification.
As shown in Figure 1, with oil-sand 1, medicament 2 that separation process is required and an amount of seawater 3 add in the premixing tank 4, in premixing tank, mechanical stirring device 5 are arranged, and seawater, medicament and the oil-sand that adds carried out agitation as appropriate.To add in the knockout drum 8 through pump 6 through seawater, medicament and the oil-sand mixture 7 of premix then, and in knockout drum, add an amount of seawater, to realize the Gravity Separation of oil-sand, oil after the separation floats to knockout drum top overfall 9 and enters oily collecting tank 10, and the sand grains of cleaning 11 is discharged by knockout drum bottom sand removing hole 12.
In the separation process, the addition of medicament is by pending oil-sand character decision.For the pollution of short light oil of weathering time, the additional proportion of surfactant is about the 0.05-0.1% of oil-sand weight, and the additional proportion of sepa-ration aid is about the 0-0.5% of oil-sand weight; Directly add seawater, through the about 5-10 of mechanical agitation minute, separative efficiency can reach 99%.For the oil-sand that long high pour point and viscous crude oil of weathering phase pollutes, the additional proportion of surfactant is about the 1-2% of oil-sand weight, and the additional proportion of sepa-ration aid is about the 0.1-0.5% of oil-sand weight; For medicament is fully contacted with oil-sand, can be in premixing tank through the immersion of certain hour, and then carry out mechanical agitation, can obtain good separating effect.
Surfactant is to be non-ionic surface active agent, is a kind of induced by alkyl hydroxybenzene APEO, and sepa-ration aid is that the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0-50%, the sodium carbonate of 0-80%, the waterglass of 20-100% and the cyclodextrin of 0-50% are formed by percentage by weight.
This method can be reacted at ambient temperature.
This method is applicable to and is subjected to the above dry sand of high-water mark that greasy dirt dyes and the damp sand at seabeach.
Gao Ning of the present invention, highly viscous crude standard are: height refers to that with fixed attention condensation point is higher than 20 ℃; The high sticking viscosity that refers to is greater than 50 centipoises.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is directed to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains that is subjected to oil spill, adopt seawater as separating medium, by adding the method for certain density surfactant and sepa-ration aid, can be under ambient temperature conditions, separate the beach sand grains that is subjected to oil spill effectively, separative efficiency can reach more than 99% and (see the disclosed effect of embodiment for details).The greasy dirt that this technology is suitable for various character dyes, and comprises the pollution of product oil, light crude oil and Gao Ning, highly viscous crude.This method does not have specific (special) requirements to operationlocation, can directly operate near contaminated place, and can gather materials on the spot, and adopts the seawater that needs to administer the region, thereby saves the cost of transportation of governance process greatly; Separation process can be carried out at ambient temperature, does not need heating, has reduced energy consumption effectively.The employed reagent cost of this method is lower, and environmentally friendly, can not cause secondary pollution.This method has very high separative efficiency, requires low, simple to equipment and operating condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a separation process schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1 is oil-sand, and 2 for separating with medicament, and 3 is seawater, and 4 is premixing tank, and 5 is mechanical stirring device, and 6 is pump, and 7 is oil-sand-water-pharmaceutical mixture, and 8 is knockout drum, and 9 is overfall, and 10 is oily collecting tank, and 11 is clean sand, and 12 is sand removing hole.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further elaborated by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
The sand grains that light oil A (＜200 ℃ of cuts account for 16.5%) pollutes, oil content 10%, 3 days weathering phases.
Processing method: in conjunction with Figure of description, to be subjected to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains 1 of oil spill, medicament 2 that separation process is required and an amount of seawater 3 add in the premixing tank 4, in premixing tank, mechanical stirring device 5 is arranged, seawater, medicament and the oil-sand that adds carried out agitation as appropriate.To add in the knockout drum 8 through pump 6 through seawater, medicament and the oil-sand mixture 7 of premix then, and in knockout drum, add an amount of seawater, oil after the separation floats to knockout drum top overfall 9 and enters oily collecting tank 10, and the sand grains of cleaning 11 is discharged by knockout drum bottom sand removing hole 12.
Under the about 25 ℃ of conditions of room temperature, weathering reaches quartziferous beach sand (the water content 0-90% in the sand that 12.11% light oil A pollutes; Oil content 10%), after 3 days weathering, by adding medicament (APES) and an amount of seawater of oil-sand weight 0.05%, through mechanical agitation 5 minutes, oily clearance can reach 99.5%.
Embodiment 2
The sand grains that crude oil with high solidifying point B pollutes, oil content 10%, 11 days weathering phases.
Processing method is with embodiment 1.
Crude oil B condensation point is 32 ℃.Under 25 ℃ of conditions of room temperature, rate of decay reaches quartziferous beach sand (the water content 0-90% in the sand that 8.19% crude oil B pollutes, oil content 10%), after 11 days weathering,, reach the carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.1% waterglass of oil-sand weight 0.1% by adding the APES of oil-sand weight 1.7%, add an amount of seawater, soaked about 1 hour in premixing tank, carried out mechanical agitation again 30 minutes, the clearance of oil can reach 99%.
The sand grains that highly viscous crude C pollutes, oil content is about 10%, 5 days weathering phases.
Processing method is with embodiment 1.
Crude oil C in the time of 25 ℃ viscosity greater than 4000 centipoises.Under the about 25 ℃ of conditions of room temperature, weathering reaches quartziferous beach sand (the water content 0-90% in the sand that 8.49% crude oil C pollutes, oil content about 10%), after 5 days weathering, can pass through to add the APES of oil-sand weight 1.7%, and the waterglass of the sodium carbonate of oil-sand weight 0.2% and 0.1% and 0.1% cyclodextrin, add an amount of seawater, soaked in premixing tank about 4 hours then, after mechanical agitation 20 minutes, the clearance of oil can reach 99%.
Embodiment 4
It is 70: 30 stable water-in-oil emulsification that fresh bunker oil IF-380 forms water/oil volume ratio with seawater.The quartziferous seabeach sand grains that polluted by this emulsion.
Processing method is with embodiment 1.
Can be by adding the APES of oil-sand weight 0.5%, and the sodium carbonate of oil-sand weight 0.05% and 0.05% waterglass and an amount of seawater, in premixing tank, soaked about 1 hour after mechanical agitation 30 minutes, the clearance of oil can reach 99.5%.
Claims (5)
1. improvement method that is subjected to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains of oil spill is characterized in that adopting following steps:
A, the quartziferous seabeach sand grains that will be subjected to oil spill and seawater add premixing tank;
B, medicament that separation process is required, i.e. the mixture of surfactant or surfactant and sepa-ration aid, the weight proportion certain according to medicament and the quartziferous seabeach sand grains that is subjected to oil spill adds premixing tank;
C, in premixing tank, with the seawater, the medicament that add and be subjected to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains of oil spill to carry out agitation as appropriate;
D, will and be subjected to the seabeach sand grains mixture of oil spill to add knockout drum through seawater, the medicament of premix;
E, in knockout drum, add an amount of seawater, realize the Gravity Separation of oil-sand; Oil after the separation floats to knockout drum top overfall and enters oily collecting tank; The sand grains of cleaning is discharged by knockout drum bottom sand removing hole and is got final product;
Wherein surfactant adopts a kind of induced by alkyl hydroxybenzene APEO in the nonionic surface active agent; Sepa-ration aid is that the carboxymethyl cellulose of 0-50%, the sodium carbonate of 0-80%, the waterglass of 20-100% and the cyclodextrin of 0-50% are formed by percentage by weight.
2. improvement method according to claim 1, the additional proportion that it is characterized in that surfactant are to be subjected to greasy dirt to dye the 0.05-2% of sand grains weight, and the additional proportion of sepa-ration aid is to be subjected to greasy dirt to dye the 0-0.5% of sand grains weight.
3. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method reacts at ambient temperature.
4. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that being subjected to the quartziferous seabeach sand grains of oil spill to comprise the sand grains that polluted by crude oil fresh or weathering or product oil, the sand grains that polluted by water-in-oil emulsification.
5. improvement method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method is applicable to be subjected to the above dry sand of high-water mark that greasy dirt dyes and the damp sand at seabeach.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100949440A CN100371084C (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Method for treating leak oil polluted quartz beach sand |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100949440A CN100371084C (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Method for treating leak oil polluted quartz beach sand |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1765522A CN1765522A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100371084C true CN100371084C (en) | 2008-02-27 |
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| CNB2005100949440A Expired - Fee Related CN100371084C (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2005-10-21 | Method for treating leak oil polluted quartz beach sand |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105067401B (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-12-19 | 宁波大学 | A kind of device and operating method for quickly reclaiming transparent native mesopore solution |
| CN109307690B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-11-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for investigating petroleum hydrocarbon soil pollution and electronic equipment |
| CN114273086B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Nonpolar hydrocarbon oil flotation collector, preparation method and using method by utilizing beta-cyclodextrin |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5242580A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-09-07 | Esso Resources Canada Limited | Recovery of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon contaminated sludge |
| GB2273121A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-06-08 | Al Ajmi Fahad Abdul Mohsen | Machine and method for recovering spilled oil from shoreline |
| RU2049871C1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1995-12-10 | Научно-внедренческое предприятие "Эгтех" | Method for sand cleaning from oil and oil products |
| JPH11179229A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-07-06 | Shimizu Corp | Method of washing treatment of oil-contaminated sand and device therefor |
| DE19930515A1 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-02-08 | Horst Chmiel | Separating oil-containing materials from pourable material, e.g. sand especially on coasts and beaches, comprises separating oil-containing materials from pourable material using a hydrophobic cloth or fleece |
-
2005
- 2005-10-21 CN CNB2005100949440A patent/CN100371084C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5242580A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-09-07 | Esso Resources Canada Limited | Recovery of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon contaminated sludge |
| RU2049871C1 (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1995-12-10 | Научно-внедренческое предприятие "Эгтех" | Method for sand cleaning from oil and oil products |
| GB2273121A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-06-08 | Al Ajmi Fahad Abdul Mohsen | Machine and method for recovering spilled oil from shoreline |
| JPH11179229A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-07-06 | Shimizu Corp | Method of washing treatment of oil-contaminated sand and device therefor |
| DE19930515A1 (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-02-08 | Horst Chmiel | Separating oil-containing materials from pourable material, e.g. sand especially on coasts and beaches, comprises separating oil-containing materials from pourable material using a hydrophobic cloth or fleece |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 油田含油泥砂的处理. 常银环，任红宇，宋迎来.油气田地面工程，第15卷第2期. 1996 * |
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