CN100363657C - 静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的密封装置 - Google Patents

静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的密封装置 Download PDF

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CN100363657C
CN100363657C CNB031371884A CN03137188A CN100363657C CN 100363657 C CN100363657 C CN 100363657C CN B031371884 A CNB031371884 A CN B031371884A CN 03137188 A CN03137188 A CN 03137188A CN 100363657 C CN100363657 C CN 100363657C
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axle
sealing
wheel
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housing
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CN1469064A (zh
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D·布吕耶尔
D·吕托
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/443Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed mounted in bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3228Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip formed by deforming a flat ring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3248Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
    • F16J15/3252Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports
    • F16J15/3256Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports comprising two casing or support elements, one attached to each surface, e.g. cartridge or cassette seals
    • F16J15/326Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports comprising two casing or support elements, one attached to each surface, e.g. cartridge or cassette seals with means for detecting or measuring relative rotation of the two elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

用来密封静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的装置,包括一静止地安装在壳体内的带一由聚合物材料制成的密封唇口的轴密封圈,密封唇口在弹性预紧力作用下与轴紧贴地接触;还包括一沿外界指向空气的方向安装在轴密封件前面的、和轴一起旋转的带一脉冲发生器的脉冲发生轮,该脉冲发生轮以一定的径向距离包围轴;以及包括一静止安装的用来测量脉冲发生轮的旋转运动的传感器,其中脉冲发生器(7)由一带有径向朝外的磁极(8)的圆柱形套筒(24)构成,或由一带有加工在外圆上的齿(14)和齿槽的脉冲发生轮(13)组成,密封唇口(9)具有由制造方法决定的圆环形盘的结构,并在其内圆周区域内朝脉冲发生轮(7)方向扩展,并以内圆周插入由套筒(24)和轴(3)之间的距离构成的缝隙。

Description

静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用来密封静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的装置,包括一静止地安装在壳体内的带有由聚合物材料制成的密封皮碗的轴密封圈,此密封圈在弹性预紧力作用下与轴紧贴地接触;此装置还包括一沿指向外界空气方向安装在轴密封圈前面的带有一脉冲发生器的与轴一起旋转的脉冲发生轮,该脉冲发生轮以一定的径向距离包围轴;以及包括一固定安装的用来测量脉冲发生轮的旋转运动的传感器。
背景技术
例如由EP 0726468 B1已知一种这样的装置,其中脉冲发生器和轴一起旋转,并设有一附加的脉冲信号接收器。但是这种已知装置需要比较大的结构空间,如果不具备这种结构空间,则无法使用。例如在曲轴后端处便是这种情况,因为那里由于安装飞轮空间受到很大限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,对于用来密封静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的装置采用这样的结构,使它可以使用在径向和/或轴向非常小的结构空间内。其中应该提供对于传感器良好的可接近性,这在修理时非常重要。此装置应该可以低成本制造,可以方便地安装并具有长的使用寿命。
按照本发明对于开头所述类型的装置所提的目的通过这样的方法来实现,即脉冲发生器由带有径向朝外的磁极的圆柱形套筒构成,或者由带有在外圆上加工出来的齿和齿槽的脉冲发生轮组成,并且密封皮碗具有由制造方法决定的圆盘形结构,并且在其内圆周区域内向脉冲发生轮方向扩展,并用内圆周插入由套筒和轴之间的距离构成的缝隙内。采用这样结构的装置例如可以装在往复活塞式发动机的曲轴的后端上。这个位置对于确定曲轴的运转平稳性和停机识别特别有利。
圆形盘至少在贴合在轴上的部分设有用于泄漏液体的流体动力学作用的回输元件。在其贴合在轴上的结构处圆盘转变成一种密封皮碗,它同心地包围轴。回输元件可以从密封皮碗的自由端出发螺旋线形地一直最大延伸到密封皮碗的连接区。此外密封皮碗在其贴合在轴上的区域内可以通过一螺旋线中断封闭。起回输元件作用的凹槽在横截面内观察可以采用U形、V形或类似结构。这里凹槽可以布置成单头或多头的。
圆盘最好由PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)或橡胶制成,这里也可以采用PTFE化合物,弹性体或可交联的热塑性塑料。
整个装置可以制成一个由轴密封圈、脉冲发生轮和传感器组成的组件。
如果脉冲发生轮具有径向延伸的安装法兰,它在按规定使用时夹紧在活塞式发动机上曲轴一个端面和飞轮之间,那么便使得该装置形成一种特别节省空间的结构。脉冲发生轮可以通过安装法兰用螺钉连接在曲轴的端面上。
传感器最好布置在密封部位的外界一侧上。这样会使成本低廉并节省空间。
附图说明
下面借助于多个在附图中所示的实施例对本发明作较详细的说明。
附图表示:
图1  带有一脉冲发生轮、传感器和密封皮碗的装置的纵剖视,
图2  带有结构上不同地设置的密封皮碗的装置的纵剖视,
图3  带有一脉冲发生轮和一装在一夹持件内的密封皮碗的装置的纵剖视,
图4类似于图2的带有一脉冲发生轮和一固定在介质一侧的密封皮碗的装置,
图5  带有一压力套装在轴上的并用作密封皮碗的滑动面/工作面的脉冲发生轮的装置。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的装置20主要由轴密封圈21、多极轮7以及传感器5组成。轴密封圈21具有由聚合物材料组成的密封皮碗9,它本身以其径向外侧的边缘23固定在一支架22上。支架22由金属加强环10组成,它被由聚合物材料组成的外壳11包裹。密封皮碗9由PTFE组成并制成喇叭形。它以其直线形分布的段26贴合在轴3上。支架22位置固定地压入壳体4的孔6内。脉冲发生器7由一圆柱形套筒24组成,它设置有沿径向朝外的磁极8。此外套筒24有一沿径向延伸的安装法兰25,脉冲发生轮通过它安装在曲轴3的端面上。这里可以同时用螺钉连接一未详细画出的飞轮。传感器5装在壳体4上,它用来以已知方式量取/采集不同的测量数据。传感器5位于多极轮7外圆上的磁化聚合物层的对面,并伸出于壳体孔6内。传感器5、多极轮7和密封皮碗9这样地布置,使传感器5和多极轮7的磁化聚合物层8以及密封皮碗9的贴合在轴3上的段26沿径向重叠。因此整个装置的轴向长度减小到最小限度。待密封的介质位于空腔1内,而空腔2包含外界空气。
图2用纵剖图表示装置20的一种结构,它在其主要零件方面相当于按图1的结构,其区别是,支架22是倒过来安装的,并且密封皮碗9的紧固部分23朝向外界一侧布置。
在图3中选择了这样的实施形式,其中采用一种在其外圆上交替地分布有齿14和齿槽的脉冲发生轮13。此外密封皮碗9以其紧固部分23夹持在一塑料夹持件15内。此夹持件压装入壳体4的孔6内。
图4表示密封圈结构造型的另一种可能性和密封皮碗9与密封圈的连接。这里密封圈21由加强环10组成,它仅仅在其朝向壳体4和密封皮碗9的外侧上设有由聚合物材料11组成的外壳。在这种实施形式中同样设有带有齿14的脉冲发生轮13。
图5中表示一种可能性,其中密封皮碗9通过塑料夹持件15固定在壳体4内。但是脉冲发生轮13设有固定套27,它用来将脉冲发生轮13固定在轴3上,同时以其背向轴3的一侧28用作密封皮碗9的滑动面/工作面。
按本发明的装置可以做得特别小。例如密封皮碗9可以制成只有1mm厚的圆盘,它通过套在轴3上形成喇叭形结构,轴3在其外端处设有一倒角29。

Claims (5)

1.用来密封静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的装置,包括一静止地安装在壳体内的带有一由聚合物材料制成的密封皮碗的轴密封圈,密封皮碗在弹性预紧力作用下与轴紧贴地接触;还包括一沿指向外界空气的方向安装在轴密封圈前面的、和轴一起旋转的带有一脉冲发生器的脉冲发生轮,该脉冲发生轮以一定的径向距离包围轴;以及包括一静止安装的用来测量脉冲发生轮的旋转运动的传感器,其中该脉冲发生器由一带有径向朝外的磁极的圆柱形套筒构成,以及该密封皮碗(9)具有由制造方法确定的圆环形的盘结构,并在其内圆周区域内向脉冲发生轮(7)方向扩展,并以内圆周插入由套筒(24)和轴(3)之间的距离构成的缝隙,以及该密封皮碗贴靠在轴上的部段、脉冲发生器或者脉冲发生轮的磁极以及传感器径向相互重叠地位于一个轴向区域,其特征在于:轴密封圈(21)包括由金属加强环(10)组成的带有由聚合物材料组成的外壳(11)的支架(22)或者包括塑料夹持件(15),并且所述轴密封圈被压入到壳体(4)的孔(6)内,所述传感器(5)在密封部位(26)的外界一侧设置在壳体(4)上,并且所述脉冲发生器(7)具有一沿径向延伸的安装法兰(25),所述安装法兰夹紧在飞轮和活塞式发动机的曲柄轴(3)的端面之间。
2.按权利要求1所述的装置,其特征为:圆环形的密封皮碗(9)至少在贴合在轴(3)上的段(26)内设有流体动力地作用的用于泄漏液体的回输槽。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征为:密封皮碗(9)由PTFE、PTFE配混料或橡胶组成。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征为:装置为一包括一轴密封圈(21)、一脉冲发生轮(7)和一传感器(5)的组件。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的装置,其特征为:所述脉冲发生器由带有在外圆上加工出来的齿和齿槽的脉冲发生轮组成。
CNB031371884A 2002-06-11 2003-06-11 静止的壳体和旋转的轴之间的缝隙的密封装置 Expired - Lifetime CN100363657C (zh)

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US5668426A (en) * 1994-01-31 1997-09-16 Firma Carl Freudenberg Rotational frequency sensing device with pulse generating wheel having two-axial position supporting sleeve
US6345825B1 (en) * 1998-08-28 2002-02-12 Firma Carl Freudenberg Sealing arrangement
US20020017760A1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2002-02-14 Gilbert Pataille Sealing sleeve, especially for small-dimension installation spaces

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JP2004093554A (ja) 2004-03-25
US20030230850A1 (en) 2003-12-18
JP3981344B2 (ja) 2007-09-26
CN1469064A (zh) 2004-01-21
DE50311994D1 (de) 2009-11-19
BR0302117A (pt) 2004-09-08
EP1371992B1 (de) 2009-10-07
EP1371992A2 (de) 2003-12-17
DE10225959A1 (de) 2004-01-08
EP1371992A3 (de) 2004-08-25

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