CN100363296C - Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100363296C
CN100363296C CNB2006100189644A CN200610018964A CN100363296C CN 100363296 C CN100363296 C CN 100363296C CN B2006100189644 A CNB2006100189644 A CN B2006100189644A CN 200610018964 A CN200610018964 A CN 200610018964A CN 100363296 C CN100363296 C CN 100363296C
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red mud
carbide slag
aggregate
flyash
compound
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CN1844029A (en
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马保国
张美香
蹇守卫
郝先成
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation of a steam pressed brick by red mud. The steam pressed brick of red mud is characterized in that the steam pressed brick of red mud is mainly prepared from the raw materials of the weight percentage: 25 to 40% of red mud, 10 to 30% of fly ash, 8 to 14% of carbide slag, 35 to 55% of aggregate and 2 to 5% of modified ardealite. The present invention has the characteristics of high waste utilizing rate, high intensity and favorable durability.

Description

A kind of red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material field, be specifically related to a kind of red mud that utilizes and prepare autoclaved brick.
Background technology
In aluminum oxide production process, adopt the circulating mother liquor contain a large amount of free NaOHs to handle bauxite, make the aluminum oxide in the ore be converted into the slurries that contain sodium aluminate, slurries enter settlement separately after high pressure melts, and the solid phase after settlement separate is red mud.The essential mineral of red mud is: aragonite and calcite, its content are 60-65%, secondly are opal, two diaspores, pyrrhosiderite; Also have a spot of titanium mineral, spathic iron ore, urao, water glass, sodium aluminate and caustic soda.
1 ton of aluminum oxide of general every production will produce 1-1.3 ton red mud, along with the aluminium industrial expansion, according to incompletely statistics, about 5,000 ten thousand tons of the annual discharging in whole world red mud, wherein China's red mud quantity discharged accounts for more than 3,000,000 tons, the mode of handling red mud at present remains stacks or landfill, and environment is exerted heavy pressures on.Utilize the existing report of research work of red mud: be mainly used in the preparation cement slurry, cement additive extracts valuable metal, plastic filler, siliceous fertilizer, filler etc.The research that utilizes red mud to prepare New Building Materials also has report: utilize red mud, flyash, coal gangue etc. to produce vitrified brick, utilize flyash, red mud to produce sintered hollow building block etc.But these utilizations to red mud exist utilization ratio low, utilize problems such as expense height, thus just can not be effectively a large amount of utilize red mud.Because a large amount of red muds is underutilized, and takies a large amount of soils for a long time, cause the soil alkalization, underground water is polluted, harm humans health.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of profit red mud autoclaved brick of rate height, intensity height, good endurance and preparation method thereof that gives up.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of red mud autoclaved brick, it is characterized in that it is formed by red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite feedstock production, the shared weight percent of each raw material is: red mud 25-40%, flyash 10-30%, aggregate 35-55%, carbide slag 8-14%, modified ardealite 2-5%.
Described red mud: water content<25%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Flyash: satisfy national II level ash regulation.
Described carbide slag: water ratio<20%, the content of free calcium oxide>55%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Aggregate: the regulation that satisfies GB/T14684-2001 " building sand ".
Described modified ardealite: to the phosphogypsum that meets GB/T5483-96 " gypsum " at 640-660 ℃ of temperature lower calcination.
The preparation method of above-mentioned red mud autoclaved brick, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps: 1), raw material chooses: by the shared weight percent of each raw material be: red mud 25-40%, flyash 10-30%, aggregate 35-55%, carbide slag 8-14%, modified ardealite 2-5% choose red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite raw material; Wherein, red mud is milled, grinding time 10-15min, and modified ardealite and carbide slag carry out grinding, and grinding time 15-20min is standby; 2), red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite solid feed add entry and mix and make compound after stirring, its water-solid ratio is 0.10-0.18; 3), digestion: compound is sent into the continous way slaking silos and is carried out compound digestion, and digestion time is 2-4h; 4), rolling, moulding: the compound that digestion is good is sent into the brick pressing machine hopper after passing through to stir, and the brick pressing machine hopper feeds press die with compound, repressed adobe, forming pressure 15-25MPa, the load 40s between the quiet stopping time of becoming of compound; 5), the sign indicating number base, base substrate 2-12h between the quiet stopping time; 6), high-pressure steaming and cultivating: steam, high-pressure curing are carried out in adobe, and precuring 12h under 60 ℃ of precuring temperature, the 70-80% humidity sends into behind the autoclave and boosts to 0.8-1.2MPa in the 2h, is warmed up to 191 ℃, steam press maintenance 8h, last natural step-down cooling; Get product.
Mainly acting as of each raw material of red mud autoclaved brick of the present invention:
Red mud: red mud mainly is made up of calcium, silicon, aluminium, iron, sodium, contains Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) (C 2S) and hydrated product (C 2SH) with lime carbonate mutually, itself has certain hydratability, energy difference aquation generates the ability of hydrated calcium silicate as hydrated cementitious embryos and continuation aquation formation jel product, so under the acting in conjunction of adopting physics and chemi-excitation, thermal excitation, can the instead of part gelling material.
Flyash: main siliceous starting material.Owing to itself contain the SiO of high level 2And Al 2O 3, under the acting in conjunction of adopting physics and chemi-excitation, thermal excitation, can generate crystal such as hydrated calcium silicate and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate, can improve the intensity and the endurance quality of autoclaved brick.
Aggregate: the volume of aggregate directly influences the intensity and the shrinkage value of brick, can also improve the moulding process characteristic, reduces material layering.In the compound of brick, mix aggregate, can improve red mud autoclaved brick intensity 20-30%.
Carbide slag: the effect of carbide slag provides Ca (OH) 2, red mud is carried out alkaline activity excitation, make red mud play the effect of gelling material.Because main component is Ca (OH) in the carbide slag 2So, the volumetric expansion that the base substrate after the moulding has avoided unslaked lime aquation process to be produced, thus also shortened between the quiet stopping time; Because water ratio higher (generally about 40%) is unfavorable for material homogenizer, makes brick generation " explosion " easily and influence quality, so will control the water ratio of carbide slag; Along with the activity of the prolongation carbide slag of the time of banking up is more and more lower, so the carbide slag time of banking up can not be oversize, the time of rolling and pressure also will increase along with the increase of time of banking up and water ratio.
Modified ardealite: the effect of modified ardealite is that red mud is carried out sulphate activation, when significantly improving the mechanical strength of autoclaved brick, can also improve the carbonization and the anti-freezing property of brick.
The present invention has following characteristics: 1, because the starting material that adopt are trade waste, sharp useless rate height can effectively solve the problem that trade waste is difficult to handle, and can save processing cost again; 2, owing to adopted physical excitation, chemi-excitation, the coefficient principle of thermal excitation that red mud is united to excite, therefore not only reduce the consumption of gelling material, and improved the mechanical property (intensity height, shrink little) and the endurance quality of autoclaved brick; 3,, not only avoided the goods cracking problem that causes because of the quicklime slaking inequality, and saved the energy consumption of producing lime owing to adopt carbide slag to replace the unslaked lime that generally uses.In a word, utilize red mud and other solid waste together, adopting the preparation of steaming compression technology to steam presses heavy-load bearing brick can well solve the difficult problem that industrial residue is difficult to handle, improve the level of comprehensive utilization of trade waste, help the Sustainable development of China's material of construction, and can significantly improve economic results in society.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technological process of production figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1-4:
A kind of red mud autoclaved brick, it is formed by red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite feedstock production, and the proportioning of red mud autoclaved brick sees Table 1.
Described red mud: water content<25%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Flyash: satisfy national II level ash regulation.Described carbide slag: water ratio<20%, the content of free calcium oxide>55%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Aggregate: the regulation that satisfies GB/T14684-2001 " building sand ".Described modified ardealite: to the phosphogypsum that meets GB/T5483-96 " gypsum " at 640-660 ℃ of temperature lower calcination.Wherein, red mud is milled, and grinding time is 10min, and modified ardealite and carbide slag carry out grinding, and the grinding time is 15min.
Table 1 experiment proportioning
Sequence number Red mud Flyash Aggregate Carbide slag Phosphogypsum
Embodiment 1 embodiment 2 embodiment 3 embodiment 4 25 30 35 40 10 15 10 10 55 45 37 35 8 8 14 10 2 2 4 5
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of above-mentioned red mud autoclaved brick, it comprises the steps: 1), raw material chooses: choose 4 groups of proportioning raw materials by table 1; 2), every group of red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite solid feed add entry and mix and make compound after stirring, its water-solid ratio is 0.10-0.18; 3), digestion: compound is sent into the continous way slaking silos and is carried out compound digestion, and digestion time is 2-4h; 4), rolling, moulding: the compound that digestion is good is sent into the brick pressing machine hopper after passing through to stir, and the brick pressing machine hopper feeds press die with compound, repressed adobe, forming pressure 15-25MPa, the load 40s between the quiet stopping time of becoming of compound; 5), the sign indicating number base, base substrate 2-12h between the quiet stopping time; 6), high-pressure steaming and cultivating: steam, high-pressure curing are carried out in adobe, and precuring 12h under 60 ℃ of precuring temperature, the 70-80% humidity sends into behind the autoclave and boosts to 0.8-1.2MPa in the 2h, is warmed up to 191 ℃, steam press maintenance 8h, last natural step-down cooling; Product, 7), finished product stacks.
Its detection method is with reference to JC239-2001 " flyash brick " standard.Detected result sees Table 2, table 3.
Table 2 physical and mechanical property and shrinkage performance detected result
Sequence number Volume density (kg/m 3) Ultimate compression strength (MPa) Folding strength (MPa) Dry shrinkage (mm/m) Carbonization COEFFICIENT K c
Embodiment 1 embodiment 2 embodiment 3 embodiment 4 1625 1678 1699 1727 23.14 21.64 19.13 17.85 4.89 4.42 4.31 4.25 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.83 0.87 0.88 0.88
Table 3 anti-freezing property detected result
Sequence number Freeze preceding intensity index (MPa) Freeze back intensity index (MPa) Freeze thawing mass loss rate (%) 15 freeze-thaw cycle
Resistance to compression Anti-folding Resistance to compression Anti-folding
Mean value Minimum value Mean value Minimum value Mean value Minimum value Mean value Minimum value
The MU20 standard value ≥20.0 ≥16.0 ≥4.0 ≥3.2 ≥16.0 - - - ≤2.0 Acceptable end product
The MU10 standard value ≥10 ≥8.0 ≥2.5 ≥2.0 ≥8.0 - - - ≤2.0 Acceptable end product
Embodiment 1 23.14 19.26 4.89 4.12 20.03 - - - 1.6 Acceptable end product
Embodiment 2 21.64 18.96 4.42 4.01 19.12 - - - 1.7 Acceptable end product
Embodiment 3 19.13 18.03 4.31 3.86 16.12 - - - 1.9 Acceptable end product
Embodiment 4 17.85 17.21 4.25 3.76 14.20 - - - 1.8 Acceptable end product
Embodiment 5:
A kind of red mud autoclaved brick, it is formed by red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite feedstock production, and the shared weight percent of each raw material is: red mud 25%, flyash 30%, aggregate 35%, carbide slag 8%, modified ardealite 2%.
Described red mud: water content<25%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Flyash: satisfy national II level ash regulation.Described carbide slag: water ratio<20%, the content of free calcium oxide>55%, content of magnesia<2.5%.Aggregate: the regulation that satisfies GB/T14684-2001 " building sand ".Described modified ardealite: to the phosphogypsum that meets GB/T5483-96 " gypsum " at 640-660 ℃ of temperature lower calcination.Wherein, red mud grinding time 15min, modified ardealite and carbide slag grinding time 20min.
Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Claims (3)

1. a red mud autoclaved brick is characterized in that it is formed by red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite feedstock production, and the shared weight percent of each raw material is: red mud 25-40%, flyash 10-30%, aggregate 35-55%, carbide slag 8-14%, modified ardealite 2-5%;
The water ratio of described carbide slag<20%, the content of free calcium oxide>55%, content of magnesia<2.5%, described modified ardealite are that phosphogypsum forms at 640-660 ℃ of temperature lower calcination.
2. a kind of red mud autoclaved brick according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water content of described red mud<25%, content of magnesia<2.5%.
3. as preparation method according to the described red mud autoclaved brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps: 1), raw material chooses: by the shared weight percent of each raw material be: red mud 25-40%, flyash 10-30%, aggregate 35-55%, carbide slag 8-14%, modified ardealite 2-5% choose red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite raw material; 2), red mud, flyash, carbide slag, aggregate and modified ardealite solid feed add entry and mix and make compound after stirring, its water-solid ratio is 0.10-0.18; 3), digestion: compound is sent into the continous way slaking silos and is carried out compound digestion, and digestion time is 2-4h; 4), rolling, moulding: the compound that digestion is good is sent into the brick pressing machine hopper after passing through to stir, and the brick pressing machine hopper feeds press die with compound, repressed adobe, forming pressure 15-25MPa, the load 40s between the quiet stopping time of becoming of compound; 5), the sign indicating number base, base substrate 2-12h between the quiet stopping time; 6), high-pressure steaming and cultivating: steam, high-pressure curing are carried out in adobe, and precuring 12h under 60 ℃ of precuring temperature, the 70-80% humidity sends into behind the autoclave and boosts to 0.8-1.2MPa in the 2h, is warmed up to 191 ℃, steam press maintenance 8h, last natural step-down cooling; Get product.
CNB2006100189644A 2006-04-28 2006-04-28 Red mud autoclaved brick and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN100363296C (en)

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CN102173736B (en) * 2011-01-26 2012-12-19 武汉理工大学 Ceramic material for floor tile and preparation method thereof
CN102276222B (en) * 2011-05-30 2012-08-01 广东省建筑材料研究院 Phosphogypsum wall brick and preparation method thereof
CN102381865B (en) * 2011-07-26 2014-07-30 昆明理工大学 Method for producing baking-free brick mainly from red mud and magnesium slag by extrusion molding
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CN102391006A (en) * 2011-08-07 2012-03-28 河南三兴热能技术有限公司 Alkaline atmosphere refractory brick made from red mud
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CN103121829B (en) * 2013-02-06 2016-03-16 柳州煜华科技有限公司 Take industrial residue as the autoclaved lime-sand brick of raw material
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