CN100362074C

CN100362074C - Decomposition agent for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil mud

Info

Publication number: CN100362074C
Application number: CNB2006101096295A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-08-11
Filing date: 2006-08-11
Publication date: 2008-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-11
Also published as: CN1907890A

Abstract

This invention involves a chemical agent, particularly a decomposition agent extracting fuel oil from sewage oil sludge. The decomposition agent includes (weight percentage): silica 65-75, alum 14-20, sodium hydroxide 4-8, potassium permanganate 0.05-0.1, water 3.9-5, and sodium carbonate 3-4. The decomposition has simple components, and is scientific, rational and effective. Against most sewage oil sludge having acidic characteristics, the basic ingredients such as sodium hydroxide are added to sewage oil sludge for demulsification so as to be close to a neutral pH value, and different components respectively with effects like water absorption, impurities removal, adsorption and coagulation aid are added, which make oil, soil and water degrade effectively, therefore the sewage sludge decomposition and purification effect is effectively improved and sewage sludge degrades more thoroughly.

Description

Decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge

Technical Field

The invention relates to a chemical decomposer, in particular to a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge.

Background

During oil production, a large amount of oil sludge is often produced. In order to reduce environmental pollution, each oil production well area generally only recovers and recycles part of dirty oil which can flow from the ground surface, but does not recover the oil sludge which permeates and mixes into the silt. The oil sludge generally contains about 35 percent of crude oil, 40 percent of water and 25 percent of silt, and dozens of thousands of tons of oil sludge are thrown away every year, which not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also is huge waste to petroleum resources. Therefore, the Chinese patent specification with the publication number of CN1266245C discloses a dirty oil sludge decomposing agent. The decomposing agent is prepared by mixing sodium silicate, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, water and calcium carbonate. The decomposer can decompose part of available crude oil, water and silt in the oil sludge, save energy and reduce environmental pollution. However, inthe production practice process, the problem that the decomposition of the oil sludge is not complete is often caused because most of the oil sludge is acidic and the decomposing agent is not alkaline, so that the oil sludge decomposition and purification effect is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge, which can effectively improve the decomposition and purification effects of the dirty oil sludge and thoroughly decompose the dirty oil sludge.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge comprises the following components (by weight percent): 65-75% of silica gel, 14-20% of alum, 4-8% of sodium hydroxide, 0.05-0.1% of potassium permanganate, 3.9-5% of water and 3-4% of sodium carbonate.

The best mixture ratio (weight percentage) of the decomposer is as follows: 70% of silica gel, 16% of alum, 6% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 4.4% of water and 3.5% of sodium carbonate.

The decomposer is prepared by sequentially adding potassium permanganate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, alum and silica gel into water according to the proportion and uniformly stirring.

Silica gel is a high-activity adsorption material, has strong moisture absorption and water absorption capacity, and is usually prepared by reacting sodium silicate with sulfuric acid and performing a series of post-treatment processes such as aging, acid soaking and the like. Silica gel is an amorphous substance and has a chemical formula of mSiO2.nH2 o. Insoluble in water and any solvent, non-toxic, odorless, stable in chemical property, and non-reactive with any substance except strong alkali and hydrofluoric acid. In the decomposer of the invention, the silica gel mainly plays a role in water absorption.

Alum is also called alum, potassium alum. Is a double salt of potassium sulfate and aluminum sulfate containing crystal water. Chemical formula KAl (SO)₄)₂·12H₂And O. Alum ionizes two metal ions in water: KAl (SO)₄)₂＝K⁺+Al³⁺+2SO₄ ^2-And Al³⁺Is easily hydrolyzed to generate colloidal aluminum hydroxide Al (OH)₃： The aluminum hydroxide colloid has strong adsorption capacity and can adsorb waterThe suspended impurities are removed, and a precipitate is formed, so that the water is clarified. Therefore, the alum in the decomposition agent of the invention is used as a water purifying agent, mainly plays a role in purifying water, can effectively separate silt impurities in the oil sludge, and improves the separation effect of impurities such as silt and the like from water.

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is strong alkali, and not only has the effects of neutralizing the acidity of the oil sludge, adjusting the pH value of the oil sludge, but also has the effect of breaking the molecular chain of crude oil, so that the full demulsification of the oil sludge is promoted, the surface tension of the oil sludge is reduced, and the oil sludge separation effect is improved.

The potassium permanganate is a strong oxidant and catalyst, can promote chemical reaction and can react with waterThe reducing substances (metal ions, silicon ions and the like) in the manganese dioxide intermediate undergo reaction to generate the water-insoluble manganese dioxide intermediate. The manganese dioxide has a certain adsorption capacity and a BET value of 300m²About/g, can be used as new coagulation nuclei topromote the sedimentation of suspended particles or colloids after coagulation. In addition, the manganese dioxide not only adsorbs organic matters, but also removes the organic matters through the coagulation aiding function, so that the organic matter content of the water to be treated can be effectively reduced.

Sodium carbonate (soda) has chemical formula of Na₂CO₃The common name of soda ash is also called soda and soda ash, an important chemical basic raw material, and a main product of soda ash industry. Usually white powder, is easily decomposed at high temperature, is easily dissolved in water, and the aqueous solution is alkaline. Soda ash can deliquesce in humid air and slowly absorb carbon dioxide and water. The sodium carbonate in the decomposition agent can absorb water in the oil sludge, and plays roles in expanding and decomposing the oil sludge.

When the decomposer is used, the pH value of the oil sludge is firstly measured, then the oil sludge is heated to about 80-90 ℃ in a production heating pool, the decomposer is added into the production pool according to the actual required proportion and stirred for about 50 minutes, so that the decomposer is uniformly distributed in the oil sludge and generates chemical reaction with the oil sludge, the molecular chain of petroleum is opened, the oil sludge is fully demulsified, the surface tension of the oil sludge is reduced, the surface activity of the oil sludge is changed, and the oil, the sludge and the water are thoroughly separated under the heating condition. After 5-7 hours of coagulation and sedimentation, the solid matter in the original oil sludge is collected at the bottom of the pool, water is in the middle and oil is in the upper part, thus successfully extracting the oil component contained in the oil sludge.

The decomposing agent is simple, scientific, reasonable and effective in ingredient preparation, and aiming at the characteristic that most of the oil sludge is acidic, the oil sludge is demulsified by adding substances with strong alkalinity such as sodium hydroxide into the ingredient preparation to enable the pH value of the oil sludge to be close to neutral, and is matched with different components which respectively play roles in absorbing water, removing impurities, adsorbing and assisting coagulation, expanding decomposition and the like to effectively decompose the oil, the sludge and the water in the oil sludge, so that the decomposing and purifying effects on the oil sludge can be effectively improved, and the oil sludge can be decomposed more thoroughly.

The decomposing agent has the advantages of wide source of raw materials, low price and easy manufacture.

Detailed Description

Example 1: a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge can comprise the following components (by weight percent): 65% of silica gel, 20% of alum, 7% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 3.9% of water and 4% of sodium carbonate.

Example 2: a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge can comprise the following components (by weight percent): 75% of silica gel, 14% of alum, 4% of sodium hydroxide, 0.05% of potassium permanganate, 3.95% of water and 3% of sodium carbonate.

Example 3: a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge comprises the following components (by weight percent): 70% of silica gel, 15% of alum, 8% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 3.9% of water and 3% of sodium carbonate.

Example 4: a decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge comprises the following components (by weight percent): 70% of silica gel, 16%of alum, 6% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 4.4% of water and 3.5% of sodium carbonate.

The preparation method of the decomposer comprises the following steps: firstly, 0.1 kg of potassium permanganate is added into 3.9 kg of water, then 3 kg of sodium carbonate and 6 kg of sodium hydroxide are added, the mixture is stirred until the sodium permanganate and the sodium hydroxide are completely dissolved, and finally, 17 kg of alum and 70 kg of silica gel are added, and the mixture is stirred for about 30 minutes until the mixture is uniformly stirred.

In order to further improve the effect of the invention in separating oil, water and mud, urea or 3A-molecular sieve can be added into the decomposer according to the requirement, wherein the molecular formula of the urea is CO (NH)₂)₂White or light yellow crystal, it is easy to dissolve in water, the water solution is neutral reaction, and its hygroscopicity is strong. The addition of urea can not change the pH value of the oil sludge, but also improve the water absorption effect and promote the separation of oil, water and sludge.

Example 5: the decomposer comprises the following components (by weight percent): 65% of silica gel, 14% of alum, 4% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 3.9% of water, 3% of sodium carbonate and 10% of urea.

Claims

1. A decomposer for extracting fuel oil from dirty oil sludge is characterized in that: the decomposer comprises the following components (by weight percent): 65-75% of silica gel, 14-20% of alum, 4-8% of sodium hydroxide, 0.05-0.1% of potassium permanganate, 3.9-5% of water and 3-4% of sodium carbonate.

2. The decomposer for extracting fuel oil from contaminated oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the ingredient ratio (weight percentage) of the decomposer is as follows: 70% of silica gel, 16% of alum, 6% of sodium hydroxide, 0.1% of potassium permanganate, 4.4% of water and 3.5% of sodium carbonate.

3. The decomposer for extracting fuel oil from contaminated oil sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the decomposition agent also comprises urea.