CN100336752C - Circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method - Google Patents
Circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100336752C CN100336752C CNB2006100517009A CN200610051700A CN100336752C CN 100336752 C CN100336752 C CN 100336752C CN B2006100517009 A CNB2006100517009 A CN B2006100517009A CN 200610051700 A CN200610051700 A CN 200610051700A CN 100336752 C CN100336752 C CN 100336752C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a circulation type energy saving sludge drying method. In the method, the residual heat of tail gas discharged by dried sludge is periodically utilized in the two modes of serial connection and parallel connection so as to fully utilize energy for providing the dried sludge and reduce the energy consumption in sludge drying to the lowest level. Consequently, operation is realized at low production cost in the whole process of drying and granulating sludge; not only is the sludge effectively dried, but also granules satisfying the hardness requirements for burning light energy saving bricks and producing cement pressing products are naturally formed by the sludge; more than 90% of the original heat value of the sludge is maintained, and the utilization value of the sludge as coal-fired auxiliary fuels is maximized; and both obvious social benefit and obvious economic benefit are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method.
Background technology
The municipal sewage plant is handling trade effluent and the produced simultaneously mud of sanitary sewage, and the dredging mud in polluted river and lake is except the inorganic component that exists with mineral forms, also contain a large amount of Persistent organic pollutants and various heavy element (table 1, table 2), this two classes mud is commonly called municipal sludge.Because the water ratio height of municipal sludge, quantity is big, and enrichment the pollutent of high density, if can not properly be handled or dispose, can bring serious secondary pollution to environment.Therefore, how safety, economical, to handle municipal sludge effectively be the difficult problem that environmental protection department faced jointly in the world.
The content of heavy metal in the table 1 typical urban sludge of sewage treatment plant
| Project | Heavy metal (mg/kg) | Remarks | |||||||
| Cu | Pb | Zn | Cr | Cd | Ni | As | Hg | ||
| Mean value | 326.6 | 192.9 | 2261 | 296.3 | 4.1 | 297.4 | 16.9 | 3.9 | According to 4 years analysis data |
| Content range | 236.2- 397.2 | 80.78- 314.0 | 69.5- 3790 | 27.9- 592.4 | 1.35- 7.2 | 57.5- 750.3 | 8.9- 31.9 | 0.8- 4.3 | |
Heavy metal and organic content in the typical polluted river dredging of table 2 mud
| Project | Heavy metal (mg/kg) | Organism (%) | Remarks | ||||||
| Cu | Pb | Zn | Cr | Cd | Total phosphorus | Full nitrogen | Organic | ||
| Mean value | 268.6 | 61.3 | 403.5 | 103.3 | 0.95 | 0.368 | 0.483 | 9.88 | Analytical data according to section, urban district 9 sampling points |
| Content range | 78- 772 | 25- 167 | 194.7- 47010 | 38.5- 247 | 0.38- 1.47 | 0.150- 0.773 | 0.2690 0.931 | 4.53- 96.1 | |
Municipal sludge is mainly taked methods such as sanitary landfill, burning, soil utilization and throwing sea abroad.Sanitary landfill needs enough spaces and necessary environment protection means, adds transportation, makes processing costs higher, and main is to be difficult to find at peri-urban be fit to pile the space and the place of burying mud; Burning can make sludge reduction, but sludge incineration facility investment volume height, energy-output ratio is big, the working cost costliness, the cost that sludge incineration per ton is handled adds that mud can bring pollution to atmospheric environment when burning, according to the present situation of China at least more than 400 yuan, sludge incineration is handled and is difficult to economically bear, and is ripe not enough technically; The soil utilization is exactly with the mud as fertilizer sources, be used for agricultural or greening, but, the utilizability that contained heavy metal and persistence organic pollutant have limited the mud as fertilizer sources in the municipal sludge is according to studies show that the heavy metal of enrichment in the municipal sludge, as cadmium (Cd), plumbous (Pb), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn) etc., understand enrichment in soil, and enter food chain, finally be detrimental to health by the absorption of crop; Some coastal city or those have and the city of waterway mutually, ocean; may adopt mud directly to throw the disposal method in sea; but; this spissated pollutent of mud can pollute offshore waters; the marine ecosystem human foods chain of unifying is threatened; therefore, this method is subjected to environment protection circle and the public's severe criticism, is prohibited.
At present, the method that China mainly adopts interim heap to bury to municipal sludge, problem such as the secondary environmental pollution of Chan Shenging and a large amount of land occupations is sharp-pointed day by day therefrom, this has not only had a strong impact on the normal operation of municipal sewage treatment, and in partial area, because the mud heap buries coming down hard upon of a peripheral resident, therefore become the social factors of instability.
Continuous quickening along with Urbanization in China; people are more and more higher to the requirement of environmental quality; various places government constantly strengthens the dynamics to environment protection; all trade effluents and city domestic sewage must be passed through to be handled; could discharge after up to standard; in order to administer and improve the environmental quality of polluted river and water body in lake effectively, nearly all section and lake near the city needs dredging, this means that the quantity of municipal sludge will grow with each passing day simultaneously.Therefore, the unique channel of scientifically handling this class mud is: mud is carried out innoxious, minimizing and disposal of resources, by the recycle and the comprehensive regulation, municipal sludge is handled completely.
We are once in mud that the municipal sewage plant is produced and pollution river, on the basis of lake dredging mud physico-chemical property research, by a large amount of practices, the characteristics of utilizing municipal sludge lightweight ground and high heating value have been invented in succession, 89118046.9) and utilize municipal sludge to produce the (application for a patent for invention number: 200410068173.3) of the method for cement pressing products fire the method (invention patent mandate number: of light energy saving brick, this has opened up new approach for the recycling of municipal sludge, for mud can be met by the condition of recycling, 200410053840.0) and (application for a patent for invention number: 200410052759.0) of return-flow type temperature controllable sludge drying apparatus and method we are corresponding again to have invented the syllogic mummification of brickmaking mud and granulating integral method (invention patent mandate number:, this makes that the calorific value more than 90% is preserved in the mud, and forming granule simultaneously, this mud granule also can be used as coal-fired auxiliary fuel.The harmless resource utilization that these invention technology are municipal sludge is handled and is laid a good foundation, and their technological core is that before city sewage sludge reclamation utilized, elder generation was with sludge drying and make granule.
Because municipal sludge has higher water ratio (after first dehydration, the water ratio of mud is generally at 75%-85%), therefore, mud is made into granule, and is essential through drying process.Sludge drying is by providing heat to make the process of moisture evaporation in the mud, traditional drying process, usually when carrying out sludge drying, not only need to consume lot of energy, and the organic matter fraction (source of calorific value) that can be utilized as resource in the mud, and the flocculation agent that can play consolidation can be subjected to serious destruction, this has caused the available value of sludge resource to reduce on the one hand, influenced the granulating performance of mud on the other hand, made the hardness of mud granule be difficult to reach the technical requirements of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products.In order to make the sludge drying energy needed be reduced to minimum degree, thereby the cost of sewage sludge harmlessness recycling treatment is significantly reduced, preserve simultaneously organic substance contained in the mud effectively, the calorific value resource of mud can be fully utilized, and can make mud formation meet the granule of firing light energy saving brick and producing the cement pressing products technical requirements, this invention has proposed a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method, not only can make provides the energy of sludge drying to be fully utilized, the energy consumption of sludge drying is dropped to minimum level, and the original calorific value more than 90% of maintenance mud, and sludge drying efficient is reached in the process of desired level, make mud form granule naturally, this has enough hardness and grinds the garden degree preferably.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method.
A kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method step is as follows:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, stacking through 2-5 days, mud is in the process that is heated gradually, and the moisture of total water content 2～10% is fallen in spontaneous evaporation;
2) will by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln through the mud after the heating, carry out first section mummification, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, is admitted to temperature and is 200～300 ℃ the second revolution drying kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud goes out the second revolution drying kiln, by a minute sieve apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 3/5～4/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, mud is carried out first section mummification, from the first revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature is 100～200 ℃, and this tail gas enters and the placed in-line second revolution drying kiln of the first revolution drying kiln, for mud carries out the additional energy that second section mummification provides cycling and reutilization;
6) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 2/5～1/5 heat enter second the revolution drying kiln, with from first the revolution drying kiln tail gas mix, make the temperature of the second revolution drying kiln remain on 200～300 ℃, mud is carried out second section mummification, be generally 100～150 ℃, stack an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud from the second revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
The described first revolution drying kiln body diameter is 2.0～2.6m, and length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.Closed mud stacks that a mud discharges flavor gas, and a part is introduced in the heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
Another kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method step is as follows:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, stacking through 2-5 days, mud is in the process that is heated gradually, and the moisture of total water content 2～10% is fallen in spontaneous evaporation;
2) will by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln through the mud after the heating, carry out first section mummification, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, is admitted to temperature and is 200～300 ℃ the second revolution drying kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud goes out the second revolution drying kiln, by a minute sieve apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 200～450 ℃, wherein 2.5/5～3/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, 2.5/5～2/5 heat enters the second revolution drying kiln in parallel with the first revolution drying kiln, is generally 100～200 ℃ from the first and second revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature, this tail gas is stacked an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
The described first revolution drying kiln diameter is 2.0～2.6m, and length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.Closed mud stacks that a mud discharges flavor gas, and a part is introduced heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
The present invention is come into operation in the Yiwu, Zhejiang, practice shows, this technology is because by the round-robin mode, making provides the energy of dewatered sludge to be utilized fully, therefore under lower running cost condition, not only make mud obtain effective mummification, and mud is formed naturally meet and fire light energy saving brick and produce the granule that cement pressing products hardness requires, and kept the original calorific value more than 90% of mud, thereby the value of sludge resource is maximized the use, when obtaining remarkable social benefit, also obtained tangible economic benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention mainly is by the round-robin mode, makes full use of the heat energy that dewatered sludge is provided, and finishes sludge drying and granulating process with minimum energy consumption, finally realizes purpose energy-conservation and reduction running cost.The tandem that the present invention proposes and the energy-saving anhydration system of parallel two kinds of schemes are formed by following main device: closed mud is stacked field, heating stove, temperature equipment, revolution drying kiln, dedusting degasifying device and soil organisms filter bed.
A kind of revolution drying kiln of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method is arranged with placed in-line form, and its specific implementation method step is as follows:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, when the tail gas of dewatered sludge generation passes through, because the waste heat of tail gas has been passed to the base plate of stacking the field, mud not only makes mud be heated gradually through 2-5 days stacking, and mud can spontaneous evaporation falls the moisture of total water content 2～10%;
2) will be through the mud after the heating, by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln, carry out first section mummification, because mud itself has had higher origin temp, therefore shortened first section needed heating the time of dewatered sludge, thereby improved the efficient of sludge drying, by first section drying process, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) after above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, be admitted to the first revolution drying kiln placed in-linely, temperature is 200～300 ℃ the second revolution drying kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud go out second the revolution drying kiln forms naturally the granule, by a minute sieve apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, temperature is controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 3/5～4/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, by first section mummification to mud, from the first revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature is 100～200 ℃, and this tail gas enters the second revolution drying kiln, for mud carries out the additional energy that second section mummification provides cycling and reutilization;
6) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 2/5～1/5 heat by shunt conduit enter second the revolution drying kiln, with from first the revolution drying kiln tail gas mix, make the temperature of the second revolution drying kiln keep 200～300 ℃, by second section mummification, be generally 100～150 ℃ from second its temperature of revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged, this tail gas is stacked an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
The first revolution drying kiln diameter is 2.0～2.6m, and length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.
Mud in the closed mud stacking field is in heated process, because volatile pollutent decomposes in the mud, what can discharge has flavor gas, these have flavor gas, by air inducing equipment, a part is introduced heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
The revolution drying kiln of another kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method is arranged with the form of parallel connection, and its specific implementation method step is as follows:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, when the tail gas of dewatered sludge generation passes through, because the waste heat of tail gas has been passed to the base plate of stacking the field, mud not only makes mud be heated gradually through 2-5 days stacking, and mud can spontaneous evaporation falls the moisture of total water content 2～10%;
2) will be through the mud after the heating, by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln, carry out first section mummification, because mud itself has had higher origin temp, therefore shortened first period that dewatered sludge need heat, thereby improved the efficient of sludge drying, by first section drying process, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, is admitted in parallelly with the first revolution drying kiln, and temperature is 200～300 ℃ the second oven dry rotary kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud go out second the revolution drying kiln forms naturally the granule, pass through vibratory screening apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 200～450 ℃, wherein 2.5/5～3/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, 2.5/5～2/5 heat enters the second revolution drying kiln, is generally 100～200 ℃ from the first and second revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature, this tail gas is stacked an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
The first revolution drying kiln diameter is 2.0～2.6m, and length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.
Mud in the closed mud stacking field is in heated process, because volatile pollutent decomposes in the mud, what can discharge has flavor gas, these have flavor gas, by air inducing equipment, a part is introduced heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
Claims (6)
1. circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method, it is as follows that it holds the step of levying the method for being:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, stacking through 2-5 days, mud is in the process that is heated gradually, and the moisture of total water content 2～10% is fallen in spontaneous evaporation;
2) will by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln through the mud after the heating, carry out first section mummification, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, is admitted to temperature and is 200～300 ℃ the second revolution drying kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud goes out the second revolution drying kiln, by a minute sieve apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 3/5～4/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, mud is carried out first section mummification, from the first revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature is 100～200 ℃, and this tail gas enters and the placed in-line second revolution drying kiln of the first revolution drying kiln, for mud carries out the additional energy that second section mummification provides cycling and reutilization;
6) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 300～450 ℃, wherein 2/5～1/5 heat enter second the revolution drying kiln, with from first the revolution drying kiln tail gas mix, make the temperature of the second revolution drying kiln remain on 200～300 ℃, mud is carried out second section mummification, be generally 100～150 ℃, stack an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud from the second revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
2. a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method according to claim 1, it is held to levy and is that the described first revolution drying kiln body diameter is 2.0～2.6m, length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.
3. a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method according to claim 1, its hold levy be that described closed mud stacks that a mud discharges flavor gas arranged, a part is introduced in the heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
4. circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method, it is as follows that it holds the step of levying the method for being:
1) be that 75～85% municipal sludges are sent into closed mud stacking field with total water content, the base plate of this stacking field is made of the good material of heat transfer property, its bottom is provided with the exhaust emissions passage, stacking through 2-5 days, mud is in the process that is heated gradually, and the moisture of total water content 2～10% is fallen in spontaneous evaporation;
2) will by charger and helical feed, be admitted to temperature and be 300～450 ℃ the first revolution drying kiln through the mud after the heating, carry out first section mummification, remove the moisture of mud total water content 25～35%;
3) above-mentioned mud goes out the first revolution drying kiln, by helical feed, is admitted to temperature and is 200～300 ℃ the second revolution drying kiln, carries out second section mummification, removes the moisture of mud total water content 20～30%;
4) above-mentioned mud goes out the second revolution drying kiln, by a minute sieve apparatus, with particle diameter less than 2mm and particle diameter greater than the mud granule of 4mm auxiliary fuel as fire coal, particle diameter is that the mud granule of 2～4mm can be used as the raw material of firing light energy saving brick and producing cement pressing products;
5) from the heat of heating stove, pass through temperature equipment, make temperature be controlled at 200～450 ℃, wherein 2.5/5～3/5 heat enters the first revolution drying kiln, 2.5/5～2/5 heat enters the second revolution drying kiln in parallel with the first revolution drying kiln, is generally 100～200 ℃ from the first and second revolution drying kiln tail gas discharged temperature, this tail gas is stacked an exhaust emissions passage of bottom through mud, enter water film dedusting, qualified discharge.
5.. a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method according to claim 4, it is held to levy and is that the described first revolution drying kiln diameter is 2.0～2.6m, length is 22.0～28.0m, and second revolution drying kiln diameter is 1.8～2.4m, and length is 20～26m.
6. a kind of circulation-type energy-saving sludge drying method according to claim 4, its hold levy be that described closed mud stacks that a mud discharges flavor gas arranged, a part is introduced heating stove, eliminates as oxygenating air high temperature, and another part is introduced the soil organisms filter bed and eliminated.
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| CN101265009B (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2011-05-18 | 浙江大学 | Clean energy-saving sludge drying method for reclaiming and utilizing tail gas residual heat |
| CN101274813B (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2010-06-09 | 浙江大学 | Tail gas waste heat recovery and reutilization sludge drying system |
| CN101597132B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-04-27 | 清华大学 | Biological drying method of urban wastewater sludge |
| CN101643307B (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-08-31 | 浙江大学 | Method for utilizing fume afterheat of cement plant to heat-dry sludge and prepare cement by firing sludge |
| CN101696077B (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-06-08 | 黑旋风工程机械开发有限公司 | Method for screening and dewatering urban sludge efficiently |
| CN101774742B (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-06-01 | 郭少仪 | Air sucking and pressing type high-efficiency energy-saving instant quick low-temperature sludge drying, disinfecting and fresh keeping method and device |
| CN104743765B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2016-08-17 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | A kind of two-part drying and other treatment sludge method |
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| CN1587125A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2005-03-02 | 浙江大学 | Three stage type drying and granulating integrating method for brick-making sludge |
| CN1654378A (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2005-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Method for drying sludge by residual heat from boiler fume |
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| CN1587125A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2005-03-02 | 浙江大学 | Three stage type drying and granulating integrating method for brick-making sludge |
| CN1654378A (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2005-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Method for drying sludge by residual heat from boiler fume |
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