CH599151A5 - Cerebrotonic 2-oxo-pyrrolidine-1-acetamide prepn. - Google Patents
Cerebrotonic 2-oxo-pyrrolidine-1-acetamide prepn.Info
- Publication number
- CH599151A5 CH599151A5 CH361876A CH361876A CH599151A5 CH 599151 A5 CH599151 A5 CH 599151A5 CH 361876 A CH361876 A CH 361876A CH 361876 A CH361876 A CH 361876A CH 599151 A5 CH599151 A5 CH 599151A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- piracetam
- ethyl
- heated
- reaction
- acid
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/273—2-Pyrrolidones with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Cerebrotonic 2-oxo-pyrrolidine-1-acetamide prepn. from glycinamide hydrochloride and ethyl 4-chlorobutyrate
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von 2-Oxo-l-pyrrolidinylacetamid oder Piracetam der Formel
EMI1.1
Piracetam ist ein sogenanntes Cerebrotonicum, das z. B.
gegen Übelkeit bei Reisen und in der Therapie von locomotorischen Krankheiten, Blutdruckskrankheiten und Epilepsie Verwendung findet. Es wird auch in der Geriatrie zur Verbesserung der cerebralen Aktivität vielfach gebraucht. Die Verwendung von Piracetam ist somit sehr vielseitig und die Toxizität ist gering.
Die Herstellung des Piracetams ist früher z. B. in der finnischen Patentschrift Nr. 45 446 beschrieben, in der es entweder aus dem entsprechenden Ester und Ammoniak oder durch Reaktion des Metallsalzes des 2-Oxopyrrolidins mit Chloracetamid dargestellt wird.
Der Erfindung gemäss wird Piracetam in einer ganz neuen Weise, nämlich durch Ringschlussrekation, dargestellt. Zuerst wird Glycinamidhydrochlorid mit 4-Chlorbuttersäureäthylester umgesetzt, wobei N-carbamoylmethyl-4-aminobuttersäure äthylester entsteht. Dieses ist eine neue Substanz, die dann durch Erhitzen zum Piracetam cyclisiert wird.
Nach den chemischen Lehrbüchern (z. B. Houben-Weyl: Methoden der organischen Chemie, Stickstoffverbindungen II/III, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1958, S. 529) ist es bekannt, dass Aminosäuren, deren Ester, Amide und Nitrile zu Lactamen cyclisiert werden können. Dagegen sind die Reaktionen der N-substituierten Aminosäuren wenig untersucht.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist demnach als eine neue Methode zum Lösen der Piracetamsynthese anzusehen. Die erfindungsgemässe Reaktionsgleichung ist die folgende: H,NCH2-CO-NH2 HCl + Cl-CH2-CH2CH2-CO 0 H5
EMI1.2
Das Zwischenprodukt list eine neue Substanz, die nicht in der Literatur beschrieben ist. Glycinamidhydrochlorid und 4-Chlorbuttersäureäthylester sind Rohstoffe der Grossindustrie. Die Reaktion ist einfach: die Substanzen werden in einem organischen Lösungsmittel, vorteilhaft Alkohol, in der Gegenwart einer äquivalenten Menge Natriumcarbonat und einer katalytischen Menge Kaliumjodid erhitzt. Das entstandene Zwischenprodukt I kann ohne Isolierung des reinen Produkts auf 160-180"C erhitzt werden, wobei ein Ringschluss erfolgt.
Das Verfahren ist also im ganzen einfach und die Ausbeute ist gut.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren hat im Verhältnis zum finnischen Patent Nr. 45 446 den Vorteil, dass keine gefährlichen Rohstoffe verwendet werden. In dem finnischen Patent Nr. 45 446 geht man entweder von dem Alkalisalz des 2-Oxopyrrolidins oder von 2-Oxo-1-pyrrolidinylessigsäureester aus.
Dieses wird aus dem genannten Alkalisalz und Chloressigsäureester dargestellt. In der Herstellung des Natriumsalzes des 2-Oxopyrrolidins wird entweder metallisches Natrium oder Natriumamid verwendet und in der Amidsynthese aus Ester wird gasförmiges Ammoniak verwendet. Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren kann deshalb in einer wesentlich einfacheren Apparatur ausgeführt werden.
Beispiel 1
22,1 g Glycinamidhydrochlorid, 30,1 g 4-Chlorbuttersäure äthylester, 21,2 g Natriumcarbonat und 0,5 g Kaliumjodid werden in 100 ml Äthanol unter Rückfluss erhitzt. Wenn die Reaktion nach etwa 16 Stunden beendet ist, wird filtriert und das Äthanol abgedampft. Der Rückstand, 34,2 g (91 %), besteht aus rohem N-carbamoylmethyl-4-aminobuttersäure äthylester. Dieses ist eine feste Substanz mit einem Schmelzpunkt von etwa 100-115"C, die aber nicht ganz rein isoliert worden ist, weil sie immer kleine Mengen von Piracetam enthält.
Der Rückstand kann ohne Isolierung zur folgenden Stufe verwendet werden und wird dabei auf 1700C erhitzt und das gebildete Äthanol wird abdestilliert. Man erhitzt so lange, bis kein Alkohol mehr übergeht, kühlt und crystallisiert aus Isopropanol. Ausbeute 21,7 g Piracetam (Gesamtausbeute 76,4%). Der Schmelzpunkt ist 150-152 C.
PATENTANSPRUCH
Verfahren zur Herstellung der Verbindung der Formel
EMI1.3
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Glycinamidhydrochlorid und 4-Chlorbuttersäureäthylester in einem organischen Lösungsmittel in der Gegenwart eines säurebindenden Stoffes und einer katalytischen Menge von Kaliumjodid erhitzt werden.
wobei eine Verbindung der Formel
EMI1.4
entsteht und diese Verbindung danach bei 160-180"C cyclisiert.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld konnte Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 2-oxo-l-pyrrolidinylacetamide or piracetam of the formula
EMI1.1
Piracetam is a so-called Cerebrotonicum that z. B.
against nausea when traveling and in the therapy of locomotor diseases, blood pressure diseases and epilepsy use. It is also widely used in geriatrics to improve cerebral activity. The use of Piracetam is therefore very versatile and the toxicity is low.
The production of piracetam is earlier z. B. in Finnish Patent No. 45 446, in which it is prepared either from the corresponding ester and ammonia or by reaction of the metal salt of 2-oxopyrrolidine with chloroacetamide.
According to the invention, piracetam is presented in a completely new way, namely by ring closure reaction. First, glycinamide hydrochloride is reacted with ethyl 4-chlorobutyric acid, resulting in ethyl N-carbamoylmethyl-4-aminobutyric acid. This is a new substance that is then cyclized to the piracetam by heating.
According to the chemical textbooks (e.g. Houben-Weyl: Methods of Organic Chemistry, Nitrogen Compounds II / III, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1958, p. 529) it is known that amino acids, their esters, amides and nitriles are cyclized to form lactams can be. In contrast, the reactions of the N-substituted amino acids have been little studied.
The method according to the invention is therefore to be regarded as a new method for solving the piracetam synthesis. The reaction equation according to the invention is as follows: H, NCH2-CO-NH2 HCl + Cl-CH2-CH2CH2-CO 0 H5
EMI1.2
The intermediate is a new substance that is not described in the literature. Glycinamide hydrochloride and ethyl 4-chlorobutyrate are raw materials for large-scale industry. The reaction is simple: the substances are heated in an organic solvent, advantageously alcohol, in the presence of an equivalent amount of sodium carbonate and a catalytic amount of potassium iodide. The resulting intermediate product I can be heated to 160-180 ° C. without isolating the pure product, a ring closure taking place.
So the process is simple on the whole and the yield is good.
The method according to the invention has the advantage over Finnish Patent No. 45 446 that no dangerous raw materials are used. Finnish Patent No. 45,446 starts out either from the alkali salt of 2-oxopyrrolidine or from 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl acetic acid ester.
This is prepared from the alkali salt mentioned and chloroacetic acid ester. Either metallic sodium or sodium amide is used in the preparation of the sodium salt of 2-oxopyrrolidine and gaseous ammonia is used in the synthesis of amides from esters. The process according to the invention can therefore be carried out in a much simpler apparatus.
example 1
22.1 g of glycinamide hydrochloride, 30.1 g of ethyl 4-chlorobutyric acid, 21.2 g of sodium carbonate and 0.5 g of potassium iodide are refluxed in 100 ml of ethanol. When the reaction has ended after about 16 hours, it is filtered and the ethanol is evaporated off. The residue, 34.2 g (91%), consists of crude ethyl N-carbamoylmethyl-4-aminobutyric acid. This is a solid substance with a melting point of around 100-115 "C, but it has not been isolated in its pure form because it always contains small amounts of piracetam.
The residue can be used for the following stage without isolation and is heated to 170 ° C. and the ethanol formed is distilled off. The mixture is heated until no more alcohol passes over, cooled and crystallized from isopropanol. Yield 21.7 g of piracetam (overall yield 76.4%). The melting point is 150-152 C.
PATENT CLAIM
Process for the preparation of the compound of the formula
EMI1.3
characterized in that glycinamide hydrochloride and ethyl 4-chlorobutyrate are heated in an organic solvent in the presence of an acid-binding substance and a catalytic amount of potassium iodide.
being a compound of the formula
EMI1.4
and this compound is then cyclized at 160-180 "C.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field could overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI750944A FI51098C (en) | 1975-03-27 | 1975-03-27 | Process for the preparation of therapeutically valuable 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinylacetamide. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH599151A5 true CH599151A5 (en) | 1978-05-12 |
Family
ID=8509097
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH361876A CH599151A5 (en) | 1975-03-27 | 1976-03-23 | Cerebrotonic 2-oxo-pyrrolidine-1-acetamide prepn. |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS51113867A (en) |
AT (1) | AT347447B (en) |
CA (1) | CA1059137A (en) |
CH (1) | CH599151A5 (en) |
ES (1) | ES445762A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI51098C (en) |
NL (1) | NL7602263A (en) |
PT (1) | PT64933B (en) |
SU (1) | SU655304A3 (en) |
YU (1) | YU45476A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0154490A2 (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-11 | I.S.F. Socièta per Azioni | Process for the preparation of pyrrolidone derivatives |
AT391134B (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1990-08-27 | Continental Pharma | Process for the preparation of novel glycinamide derivatives, their addition salts and their optical isomers |
EP0538505A1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1993-04-28 | Lonza Ag | Process for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-pyrrolidinyl-1-acetamide |
EP0713866A1 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1996-05-29 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing 4-mercaptopyrrolidine compound |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0223328B1 (en) | 1985-07-26 | 1992-01-29 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing oxiracetam |
PL389364A1 (en) | 2009-10-23 | 2011-04-26 | Uniwersytet Jagielloński | New applications of 2-pyrrolidone derivatives |
RU2629117C1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-08-24 | Сизов Владимир Владимирович | Method of producing 4-substituted 2-[2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl] acetamide |
-
1975
- 1975-03-27 FI FI750944A patent/FI51098C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-02-21 JP JP1838876A patent/JPS51113867A/en active Granted
- 1976-02-24 YU YU45476A patent/YU45476A/en unknown
- 1976-03-04 ES ES445762A patent/ES445762A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-04 NL NL7602263A patent/NL7602263A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-03-05 CA CA247,190A patent/CA1059137A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-22 PT PT6493376A patent/PT64933B/en unknown
- 1976-03-23 CH CH361876A patent/CH599151A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-26 AT AT223576A patent/AT347447B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1977
- 1977-12-05 SU SU772549949A patent/SU655304A3/en active
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT391134B (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1990-08-27 | Continental Pharma | Process for the preparation of novel glycinamide derivatives, their addition salts and their optical isomers |
EP0154490A2 (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-11 | I.S.F. Socièta per Azioni | Process for the preparation of pyrrolidone derivatives |
EP0154490A3 (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-02-12 | I.S.F. Societa Per Azioni | Process for the preparation of pyrrolidone derivatives |
EP0538505A1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1993-04-28 | Lonza Ag | Process for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-pyrrolidinyl-1-acetamide |
US5276164A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1994-01-04 | Lonza Ltd. | Process for the production of 4-hydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamide |
US5371237A (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1994-12-06 | Lonza Ltd. | Process for the production of 4-hydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamide |
EP0847990A1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1998-06-17 | Lonza Ag | 4-(C1-C4)-Alkoxy-3-pyrrolin-2-on-1-yl-acetic acid derivatives, their preparation and use in the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamide |
EP0713866A1 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1996-05-29 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing 4-mercaptopyrrolidine compound |
US5629419A (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1997-05-13 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing 4-mercaptopyrrolidine intermediate compounds and a process for their use in preparing carbapenem -2-em-3 carboxylic acids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
YU45476A (en) | 1982-05-31 |
AT347447B (en) | 1978-12-27 |
PT64933A (en) | 1976-04-01 |
CA1059137A (en) | 1979-07-24 |
FI51098B (en) | 1976-06-30 |
JPS5652017B2 (en) | 1981-12-09 |
SU655304A3 (en) | 1979-03-30 |
JPS51113867A (en) | 1976-10-07 |
ES445762A1 (en) | 1977-06-01 |
NL7602263A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
ATA223576A (en) | 1978-05-15 |
PT64933B (en) | 1977-08-24 |
FI51098C (en) | 1976-10-11 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PL | Patent ceased |