CH436235A

CH436235A - Process for the production of silicon or silicon-containing alloys, means for carrying out the same and application of the same

Info

Publication number: CH436235A
Application number: CH694464A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Scapozza Luigi; Monteggia Dazio
Original assignee: Scapozza Luigi; Monteggia Dazio
Priority date: 1964-05-28
Filing date: 1964-05-28
Publication date: 1967-05-31

Description

  

  Verfahren     zur    Herstellung von     Silizium    oder     siliziumhaltigen    Legierungen,       Mittel    zur Ausführung desselben und Anwendung desselben    Es ist bekannt, Silizium dadurch herzustellen, dass  man Quarz mit Hilfe von Holz in elektrischen Öfen  reduziert. Bei der Herstellung von     siliziumhaltigen     Legierungen     erfolgt    diese Reduktion in Gegenwart von  den oder die     Legierungspartner    enthaltenden Minera  lien. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren sind die Aus  gangsstoffe in Stückform zu     verwenden.     



  Versuche die entsprechenden Ausgangsstoffe, insbe  sondere den Quarz, in .der billigeren Pulverform einzu  setzen, scheiterten daran, dass die pulverförmigen Stoffe  durch die Heissluft aus dem Ofen herausgeblasen wur  den.  



  Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man von pulverförmi  gen Ausgangsstoffen ausgehen kann, wenn man diese zu  Pressstücken     verpresst    und in dieser Form einsetzt.  



  Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist demnach  ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silizium oder     silizi-          umhaltigen    Legierungen unter Reduktion von Silizium  mineralien mit Holz in einem Elektroofen, welches da  durch gekennzeichnet ist, dass man die     Ausgangsstoffe     in Form von holzhaltigen Pressstücken in den Ofen ein  bringt.  



  Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiterhin ein     Press-          stück    zur Ausführung dieses Verfahrens, welches da  durch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es mindestens aus Quarz  pulver und Holzspänen     und/oder    Holzsägemehl besteht.  



  Gegenstand der Erfindung ist schliesslich auch die  Anwendung des obigen Verfahrens zur Herstellung von       Reinsilizium.     



  Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren weist verschie  dene Vorteile auf. Vorerst sind     Siliziummineralien    in  Pulverform, wie Quarzmehl oder Quarzsand, insbeson  dere Meersand, erheblich billiger als in Block- oder  Stückform. Sodann ist Quarz in Pulverform in grösserer  Reinheit, z. B. 99     ()/o    und besser erhältlich, als in     Block-          oder    Stückform.  



  Bei der Herstellung von Silizium verwendet man  zweckmässig Pressstücke, die aus Quarzpulver, z. B.  Quarzsand, und/oder Quarzmehl, und     Holzspänen    und/  oder     Holzsägemehl,    bestehen. Dabei kann der     Anteil            an        Holzspänen        und/oder        Holzsägemehl        20-80        Gew.-%,     vorzugsweise etwa 50     Gew.-1/o    betragen.  



  Bei der Herstellung von     siliziumhaltigen    Legierun  gen kann man Pressstücke verwenden, die aus Quarz  pulver,     Holzspänen        und/oder        Holzsägemehl    und Mine  ralien des oder der übrigen     Legierungspartner(s)    beste  hen. Man kann aber auch Pressstücke, die aus Quarz  pulver und Holzspänen und/oder Holzsägemehl beste  hen, und Pressstücke, die aus den Mineralien des oder  der übrigen     Legierungspartner(s)    bestehen, nebeneinan  der verwenden.

   Desgleichen kann man bei Einsatz meh  rerer Mineralien jedes     einzelne    mit     Holzspänen        und/     oder Holzsägemehl zu einer     Pressstückart        verpressen    und  die verschiedenen     Pressstückarten    miteinander einset  zen.  



  Die Herstellung .der     Pressstiicke    kann durch einfa  ches     Verpressen    des     pulverförligen    Minerals oder der  pulverförmigen Mineralien mit Holzspänen und/oder  Holzsägemehl ohne oder mit Bindemittel erfolgen.  



  Der Quarz wird dabei beispielsweise in einer Korn  grösse von 0,7-l,0 mm, z. B. in Form von Quarzmehl  oder     Quarzsand,    insbesondere Meersand, und das     Holz     beispielsweise in Form kleiner Späne von 0,3-0,4 mm  Grösse, z. B. in Form von Holzsägemehl, der     Verpres-          sung        unterworfen.    Es können beliebige Holzarten Ver  wendung finden.  



  Bei der Herstellung von     Aluminium-Silizium-Legie-          rungen    verwendet man als     aluminiumhaltige    Mineralien  zweckmässig Tonerde, Kaolin, Aluminiumoxyd oder  Bauxit. Im letzteren Falle beträgt das Gewichtsverhält  nis von Bauxit zu Quarzpulver zu Holzspänen und/oder  Holzsägemehl vorzugsweise etwa 1:1:2.  



  Für die Herstellung der als      AlSi    pur  bezeichneten       Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung    verwendet man     zweck-          mässig    Pressstücke, die aus Tonerde, und/oder Alumi  niumoxyd und Sägemehl bestehen, zusammen mit     Press-          stücken,    die aus Quarzsand und Sägemehl bestehen.  



  Bei der Herstellung von     Mangan-Silizium-Legierung     verwendet man als     manganhaltiges    Mineral     zweckmäs-          sig    einen     Manganiten.         Das beschriebene Verfahren eignet sich in besonde  rem Masse zur Herstellung von     Reinsilizium,    da es die  Verwendung von sehr reinem und dennoch billigem  Quarz gestattet.



  Process for the production of silicon or silicon-containing alloys, means for carrying out the same and application of the same. It is known to produce silicon by reducing quartz with the aid of wood in electric furnaces. In the production of silicon-containing alloys, this reduction takes place in the presence of the minerals containing the alloying partner or partners. In this known method, the starting materials are to be used in lump form.



  Attempts to use the corresponding starting materials, in particular quartz, in the cheaper powder form, failed because the powdery materials were blown out of the oven by the hot air.



  It has now been found that powder form starting materials can be used if these are pressed into pressed pieces and used in this form.



  The present invention accordingly provides a method for producing silicon or silicon-containing alloys with reduction of silicon minerals with wood in an electric furnace, which is characterized in that the starting materials are brought into the furnace in the form of wood-containing pressed pieces.



  The subject of the invention is also a pressed piece for carrying out this method, which is characterized in that it consists at least of quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust.



  The invention finally also relates to the use of the above process for the production of pure silicon.



  The method according to the invention has various advantages. For the time being, silicon minerals in powder form, such as quartz powder or quartz sand, in particular sea sand, are considerably cheaper than in block or lump form. Then quartz is in powder form in greater purity, e.g. B. 99 () / o and better available than in block or piece form.



  In the production of silicon, it is useful to use pressed pieces made of quartz powder, e.g. B. quartz sand, and / or quartz powder, and wood chips and / or wood sawdust exist. The proportion of wood chips and / or wood sawdust can be 20-80% by weight, preferably about 50% by weight.



  In the production of silicon-containing alloys, pressed pieces can be used that consist of quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust and minerals of the other alloy partner (s). But you can also use pressed pieces made of quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust, and pressed pieces made of the minerals of the other alloy partner (s), next to one another.

   Likewise, if several minerals are used, each individual can be pressed with wood chips and / or wood sawdust to form a type of pressed piece and the various types of pressed piece can be used together.



  The pressed pieces can be produced by simply pressing the pulverulent mineral or pulverulent minerals with wood chips and / or wood sawdust with or without binding agents.



  The quartz is for example in a grain size of 0.7-1.0 mm, z. B. in the form of quartz powder or quartz sand, especially sea sand, and the wood for example in the form of small chips 0.3-0.4 mm in size, e.g. B. in the form of wood sawdust, subjected to compression. Any type of wood can be used.



  In the production of aluminum-silicon alloys, it is advisable to use alumina, kaolin, aluminum oxide or bauxite as aluminum-containing minerals. In the latter case, the weight ratio of bauxite to quartz powder to wood chips and / or wood sawdust is preferably about 1: 1: 2.



  For the production of the aluminum-silicon alloy known as AlSi pur, it is advisable to use pressed pieces made of alumina and / or aluminum oxide and sawdust, together with pressed pieces made of quartz sand and sawdust.



  In the manufacture of manganese-silicon alloy, a manganite is expediently used as a manganese-containing mineral. The method described is particularly suitable for the production of pure silicon, since it allows the use of very pure and yet cheap quartz.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS I. Process for the production of silicon or silicon-containing alloys with reduction of silicon minerals with wood in an electric furnace, characterized in that the starting materials are introduced into the furnace in the form of wood-containing pressed pieces. Il. Press piece for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of at least quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust.

III. Application of the method according to claim I for the production of pure silicon. SUBClaims 1. The method according to claim I for the production of silicon, characterized in that pressed pieces made of quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust are used. 2.

Method according to claim 1 and sub-claim 1, characterized in that pressed pieces are used which consist of 20 to 80% by weight of wood chips and / or wood sawdust. 3. The method according to claim I for the production of silicon-containing alloys, characterized in that pressed pieces are used which are made of quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust and minerals of the other alloy partners. 4th

Method according to claim 1 for the production of silicon-containing alloys, characterized in that on the one hand pressed pieces, which consist of quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust, and on the other hand pressed pieces, which consist of minerals from the remaining alloy partners and wood chips and / or wood sawdust, are used side by side . 5. The method according to claim I and sub-claim 3 for the production of aluminum-silicon alloys, characterized in that pressed pieces are used which are made of alumina and / or aluminum oxide, quartz sand and / or quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust. 6th

A method according to claim 1 and sub-claim 4 for the production of aluminum-silicon alloys, characterized in that pressed pieces made of alumina and / or aluminum oxide and wood chips and / or wood sawdust and pressed pieces made of quartz sand and / or quartz flour and wood chips and / or wood sawdust are used side by side. 7th

Method according to claim 1 and sub-claim 3, for the production of aluminum-silicon alloys, characterized in that pressed pieces are used which are made of kaolin and / or aluminum oxide, quartz sand and / or quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust. B. The method according to claim I and sub-claim 3 for the production of aluminum-silicon alloys, characterized in that pressing pieces are used, which chips from bauxite and / or aluminum oxide, quartz sand and / or quartz powder and wood and / or Consist of wood sawdust. 9.

Method according to claim 1 and subordinate claims 3 and 8, characterized in that pressed pieces are used in which the weight ratio of bauxite and / or aluminum oxide to quartz sand and / or quartz powder to wood chips and / or wood sawdust is 1: 1: 2. 10. The method according to claim I and sub-claim 3, for the production of manganese-silicon alloys, characterized in that pressed pieces are used which consist of a manganite quartz sand and / or quartz powder and wood chips and / or wood sawdust.

11. Press piece according to claim II, characterized in that it consists of 20 to 80 wt .-% of quartz sand and / or quartz powder and the remainder of wood chips and / or wood sawdust. 12.

Press piece according to claim II, characterized in that the ses consists of quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust and aluminum-containing minerals. 13. Press piece according to claim II and sub-claim 12, characterized in that it is made of quartz sand and / or quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust, kaolin and / or aluminum oxide. 14th

Press piece according to claim II and sub-claim 12, characterized in that it is made of quartz sand and / or quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust, clay and / or aluminum oxide. 15. Press piece according to claim 1I and Unteran claim 12, characterized in that it consists of quartz sand and / or quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust, bauxite and / or aluminum oxide. 16. Press piece according to claim 1I and sub-claims 12 and 15, characterized in that the weight ratio of bauxite and / or aluminum oxide to quartz sand and / or quartz powder to wood chips and / or wood sawdust is 1: 1: 2.

17. Press piece according to claim II, characterized in that it consists of quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust and minerals containing manganese. 18. Press piece according to claim II and sub-claim 17, characterized in that it consists of quartz sand and / or quartz powder, wood chips and / or wood sawdust and a manganite.