CA2889026A1 - A blade wheel of a kaplan turbine - Google Patents
A blade wheel of a kaplan turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2889026A1 CA2889026A1 CA2889026A CA2889026A CA2889026A1 CA 2889026 A1 CA2889026 A1 CA 2889026A1 CA 2889026 A CA2889026 A CA 2889026A CA 2889026 A CA2889026 A CA 2889026A CA 2889026 A1 CA2889026 A1 CA 2889026A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- shaft
- blade wheel
- turbine
- blades
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
- F03B3/06—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines with adjustable blades, e.g. Kaplan turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/002—Injecting air or other fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
- F03B3/123—Blades, their form or construction specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
- F03B3/145—Mechanisms for adjusting the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/98—Lubrication
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)
- Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an impeller for a Kaplan turbine, comprising the following features or components: a shaft, a plurality of blades; a hollow hub which is located on the free end of the shaft and which carries the blades; an adjustment device for rotating the blades around axes of rotation perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft. The invention is characterized by the following features: the interior of the hub is connected to a source of compressed air; branch lines are provided inside the hub to supply the compressed air to bearings or other lubrication points for the adjustment device.
Description
= CA 02889026 2015-04-22 A blade wheel of a Kaplan turbine The invention relates to Kaplan turbines (see DE 101 00 963 Al for example).
Such a Kaplan turbine comprises a blade wheel, a guide wheel and a housing as its relevant parts. The blade wheel is provided with adjustable blades and is coupled to the shaft.
There are Kaplan turbines with a vertical shaft, but also such with a horizontal shaft.
An especially interesting application of Kaplan turbines with a horizontal shaft has become known. In this case, a retaining barrage or a wicket of a weir, e.g. in a river power station, is equipped with a large number of Kaplan turbines, e.g. with 6, 12, 24 or more turbines.
The individual Kaplan turbine is obviously very small in this case. It can be removed easily and rapidly in the case of damage and can be exchanged for a new turbine. It is intended to keep the configuration of the turbine as simple as possible (see US
5,825,094 for example).
The aforementioned adjusting devices are relatively complex with respect to their design.
Their smooth function is exceptionally important for the functionality of the entire turbine.
The moved parts need to be lubricated. It is known to use oil or water for this purpose.
The interior space of the hub is filled with water or oil for this purpose. If water is used, there is a likelihood of corrosion. If oil is used, there is a likelihood of environmental pollution when the hub shows leakages.
The invention is based on the object of providing a Kaplan turbine in such a way that neither corrosion nor environmental pollution occurs. This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Accordingly, the hub is provided with a connection for introducing compressed air into the hollow interior space. The interior space is thus under pressure above atmospheric during the operation of the turbine. All moved parts can thus be supplied with compressed air.
The compressed air replaces lubrication by oil or by water. Self-lubricating sealing and
Such a Kaplan turbine comprises a blade wheel, a guide wheel and a housing as its relevant parts. The blade wheel is provided with adjustable blades and is coupled to the shaft.
There are Kaplan turbines with a vertical shaft, but also such with a horizontal shaft.
An especially interesting application of Kaplan turbines with a horizontal shaft has become known. In this case, a retaining barrage or a wicket of a weir, e.g. in a river power station, is equipped with a large number of Kaplan turbines, e.g. with 6, 12, 24 or more turbines.
The individual Kaplan turbine is obviously very small in this case. It can be removed easily and rapidly in the case of damage and can be exchanged for a new turbine. It is intended to keep the configuration of the turbine as simple as possible (see US
5,825,094 for example).
The aforementioned adjusting devices are relatively complex with respect to their design.
Their smooth function is exceptionally important for the functionality of the entire turbine.
The moved parts need to be lubricated. It is known to use oil or water for this purpose.
The interior space of the hub is filled with water or oil for this purpose. If water is used, there is a likelihood of corrosion. If oil is used, there is a likelihood of environmental pollution when the hub shows leakages.
The invention is based on the object of providing a Kaplan turbine in such a way that neither corrosion nor environmental pollution occurs. This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Accordingly, the hub is provided with a connection for introducing compressed air into the hollow interior space. The interior space is thus under pressure above atmospheric during the operation of the turbine. All moved parts can thus be supplied with compressed air.
The compressed air replaces lubrication by oil or by water. Self-lubricating sealing and
2 bearing materials are appropriately used instead of oil-lubricated or water-lubricated bearings and seals.
The invention is especially suitable for retrofitting existing turbines to water-free or oil-free operation.
The invention further offers the following advantage: compressed air can be supplied from the hub through the blades of an anti-cavitation rib. The likelihood of cavitation can thus be reduced. It is also prevented that water will penetrate the interior space.
Conventional turbines with oil-lubricating bearings can easily be retrofitted within the terms of the invention. The existing lines for supplying lubricating oil to the bearings can be used as air conduits.
The prior art and the invention are explained in closer detail by reference to the drawings, which show the following in detail:
Fig. 1 shows a Kaplan turbine according to the state of the art in an upright projection and partly in a sectional view, comprising adjustable blades;
Fig. 2 shows a tube turbine according to the state of the art in an axial sectional view;
Fig. 3 shows a Kaplan blade wheel according to the state of the art in a shaft and an inner blade adjusting unit;
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a Kaplan turbine according to the state of the art with an oil-filled or water-filled hub;
Fig. 5 shows a Kaplan turbine in a view similar to that according to Fig. 4, but with a hub filled with compressed air.
The Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 1 comprises a blade wheel 1 which is carried by a shaft 2. The shaft 2 is arranged vertically. The turbine mechanism comprises adjustable blade wheels 1.1.
, CA ,02889026 2015-04-22
The invention is especially suitable for retrofitting existing turbines to water-free or oil-free operation.
The invention further offers the following advantage: compressed air can be supplied from the hub through the blades of an anti-cavitation rib. The likelihood of cavitation can thus be reduced. It is also prevented that water will penetrate the interior space.
Conventional turbines with oil-lubricating bearings can easily be retrofitted within the terms of the invention. The existing lines for supplying lubricating oil to the bearings can be used as air conduits.
The prior art and the invention are explained in closer detail by reference to the drawings, which show the following in detail:
Fig. 1 shows a Kaplan turbine according to the state of the art in an upright projection and partly in a sectional view, comprising adjustable blades;
Fig. 2 shows a tube turbine according to the state of the art in an axial sectional view;
Fig. 3 shows a Kaplan blade wheel according to the state of the art in a shaft and an inner blade adjusting unit;
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a Kaplan turbine according to the state of the art with an oil-filled or water-filled hub;
Fig. 5 shows a Kaplan turbine in a view similar to that according to Fig. 4, but with a hub filled with compressed air.
The Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 1 comprises a blade wheel 1 which is carried by a shaft 2. The shaft 2 is arranged vertically. The turbine mechanism comprises adjustable blade wheels 1.1.
, CA ,02889026 2015-04-22
3 The shaft comprises a hub 3 at its free end. A guide blade ring 4 is further provided. It is mounted in the hub 3. The guide blades 4.1 are also adjustable.
An adjusting unit in accordance with the invention is used for adjustment, in which an adjusting force is applied which is proportional to the head.
The Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 2 is a tube turbine with a horizontal shaft.
A hub 3 is also shown here. The turbine again comprises the same components as the turbine of Fig. 1.
The illustration shows a blade wheel 1 and further a guide blade ring 4.
A housing 5 is provided which surrounds a generator. The generator sits on the shaft of the blade wheel 1.
An adjusting unit similar to the one of Fig. 1 is also provided in this case.
The adjusting unit is situated in the housing 5 and extends up to the hub 3.
Fig. 3 shows an adjusting unit which can be used in the embodiments of Figs. 1 and 2.
The illustration also shows a blade wheel 1 with blades 1.1. The blade wheel 1 is carried by a hub 3. A bevel gear 10 transmits torque to a generator 11, which torque is produced on the blade wheel 1.
The adjusting unit 20 comprises a pushrod 20.1. The downstream end of the pushrod 20.1 is not shown here. It is guided through a hollow shaft 2 up to the blade wheel. It acts there on the adjustable blades 1.1 in such a way that a displacement of the pushrod 20.1 in the axial direction produces an adjustment of the blades 1.1.
The upstream end of the pushrod 20.1 carries a plate 20.2. It is arranged in a cylinder 20.3 and is axially displaceable therein in the manner of a piston. The swept volume 20.4 to the right of the plates 20.2 can be subjected to a pressure which is equal or proportional to the head. If the head rises, the pressure also rises in the swept volume 20.4. The pushrod 20.1 is thus displaced toward the blade wheel 1, as a result of which the blade wheels 1.1 are pivoted or adjusted within the terms of closing.
An adjusting unit in accordance with the invention is used for adjustment, in which an adjusting force is applied which is proportional to the head.
The Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 2 is a tube turbine with a horizontal shaft.
A hub 3 is also shown here. The turbine again comprises the same components as the turbine of Fig. 1.
The illustration shows a blade wheel 1 and further a guide blade ring 4.
A housing 5 is provided which surrounds a generator. The generator sits on the shaft of the blade wheel 1.
An adjusting unit similar to the one of Fig. 1 is also provided in this case.
The adjusting unit is situated in the housing 5 and extends up to the hub 3.
Fig. 3 shows an adjusting unit which can be used in the embodiments of Figs. 1 and 2.
The illustration also shows a blade wheel 1 with blades 1.1. The blade wheel 1 is carried by a hub 3. A bevel gear 10 transmits torque to a generator 11, which torque is produced on the blade wheel 1.
The adjusting unit 20 comprises a pushrod 20.1. The downstream end of the pushrod 20.1 is not shown here. It is guided through a hollow shaft 2 up to the blade wheel. It acts there on the adjustable blades 1.1 in such a way that a displacement of the pushrod 20.1 in the axial direction produces an adjustment of the blades 1.1.
The upstream end of the pushrod 20.1 carries a plate 20.2. It is arranged in a cylinder 20.3 and is axially displaceable therein in the manner of a piston. The swept volume 20.4 to the right of the plates 20.2 can be subjected to a pressure which is equal or proportional to the head. If the head rises, the pressure also rises in the swept volume 20.4. The pushrod 20.1 is thus displaced toward the blade wheel 1, as a result of which the blade wheels 1.1 are pivoted or adjusted within the terms of closing.
4 If the head decreases, the pushrod travels in the opposite direction again with the tendency of opening the blade wheels 1.1. This return movement can be initiated in different ways, e.g. by a restoring spring (not shown). A gas pressure can also prevail in the part of the cylinder space which is situated on the side of plate 20.2 which is opposite of the swept volume 20.4.
The known embodiment shown in Fig. 3 could also be referred to as an inner adjusting gear.
The known Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 4 comprises a blade wheel 1, a shaft 2 and a hub 3 carrying the blade wheel. The shaft is hollow. Oil is supplied to the hub 3 during operation (see the oil outlet).
The invention is realised in the Kaplan turbine according to Fig. 5.
Compressed air is supplied in this case to the interior space of the hub 3 (see the compressed-air outlet 7).
List of reference numerals 1 Blade wheel
The known embodiment shown in Fig. 3 could also be referred to as an inner adjusting gear.
The known Kaplan turbine shown in Fig. 4 comprises a blade wheel 1, a shaft 2 and a hub 3 carrying the blade wheel. The shaft is hollow. Oil is supplied to the hub 3 during operation (see the oil outlet).
The invention is realised in the Kaplan turbine according to Fig. 5.
Compressed air is supplied in this case to the interior space of the hub 3 (see the compressed-air outlet 7).
List of reference numerals 1 Blade wheel
5 1.1 Blades 2 Shaft 3 Hub 4 Guide blade ring 4.1 Guide blades 5 Housing
6 Oil outlet
7 Compressed-air outlet 10 Bevel gear 11 Generator 20 Adjusting unit 20.1 Pushrod 20.2 Plate 20.3 Cylinder 20.4 Swept volume
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012022583.0 | 2012-11-20 | ||
| DE102012022583.0A DE102012022583A1 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2012-11-20 | Impeller of a Kaplan turbine |
| PCT/EP2013/066142 WO2014079596A2 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2013-08-01 | Impeller for a kaplan turbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2889026A1 true CA2889026A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
Family
ID=48901002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2889026A Abandoned CA2889026A1 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2013-08-01 | A blade wheel of a kaplan turbine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150219064A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2923074B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105209745A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015008921A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2889026A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012022583A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014079596A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4317675A1 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-07 | GE Renewable Technologies | Air-filled kaplan turbine runner |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3929430A1 (en) | 2020-06-26 | 2021-12-29 | Poseidon Hydropower P.C. | Runner for a hydraulic turbine |
| WO2022104439A1 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | Vujinovic Zoran | Dinn hydroturbine |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE342201C (en) * | ||||
| US2070601A (en) * | 1935-08-22 | 1937-02-16 | Morgan Smith S Co | Hydraulic machine |
| US2085909A (en) * | 1936-12-04 | 1937-07-06 | Morgan Smith S Co | Hydraulic machine |
| US2321950A (en) * | 1940-07-27 | 1943-06-15 | Baldwin Locomotive Works | Rotary hydraulic machine |
| SU438037A1 (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1974-07-30 | Ленинградский Дважды Ордена Ленина Металлический Завод Им. Ххп Съезда Кпсс | Pneumostatic suspension model of a capsular turbine |
| US5825094A (en) | 1996-11-13 | 1998-10-20 | Voith Hydro, Inc. | Turbine array |
| DE10100963A1 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2002-07-18 | Baumann Verwertungs Gmbh | Bracket scaffolding, for suspension at a building to support a platform, has an extension at the holding members to support a wider platform |
| AT414267B (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-10-15 | Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co | TURBINE WHEEL |
-
2012
- 2012-11-20 DE DE102012022583.0A patent/DE102012022583A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-08-01 CA CA2889026A patent/CA2889026A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-01 CN CN201380054459.3A patent/CN105209745A/en active Pending
- 2013-08-01 US US14/425,895 patent/US20150219064A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-01 EP EP13742470.1A patent/EP2923074B1/en active Active
- 2013-08-01 BR BR112015008921A patent/BR112015008921A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-08-01 WO PCT/EP2013/066142 patent/WO2014079596A2/en active Application Filing
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4317675A1 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-07 | GE Renewable Technologies | Air-filled kaplan turbine runner |
| WO2024028425A1 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-08 | Ge Renewable Technologies | Air-filled kaplan runner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014079596A3 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
| WO2014079596A2 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| BR112015008921A2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| EP2923074B1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| DE102012022583A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| CN105209745A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| US20150219064A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
| EP2923074A2 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20180425 |
|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20200831 |