CA2748789A1 - Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets - Google Patents
Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets Download PDFInfo
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- CA2748789A1 CA2748789A1 CA2748789A CA2748789A CA2748789A1 CA 2748789 A1 CA2748789 A1 CA 2748789A1 CA 2748789 A CA2748789 A CA 2748789A CA 2748789 A CA2748789 A CA 2748789A CA 2748789 A1 CA2748789 A1 CA 2748789A1
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- fabric
- warp
- yarns
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- weft
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
- D21F1/0036—Multi-layer screen-cloths
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
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Abstract
A woven industrial textile, in particular a papermaker's embossing fabric such as a forming or through-air dryer (TAD) fabric. The fabric comprises at least one set of weft yarns; and one set of warp yarns, comprising a plurality of groups of warp yarns, each group comprising at least two warp yarns, wherein for each group the warp yarns together follow an identical coplanar path; are retained in lateral adjacency to provide a profile to the product conveying surface; and are dimensioned such that a ratio of a width of the group in the product conveying surface to a height of the group is at least 2:1. The warp yarn groups are raised above surface of the weft yarns by about 50% to 100% of the width of each individual warp yarn. The fabrics provide improved embossing and contaminant resistance properties and economy of manufacture.
Description
EMBOSSING FABRIC INCLUDING WARP YARN SETS
Field of the Invention This invention relates to industrial textiles for filtration or conveyance, such as papermakers' fabrics. In particular, the invention relates to woven embossing fabrics whose component yarns are interwoven according to a pattern which will impart a macroscopic topography onto cellulosic products which are formed or conveyed thereon, and more particularly such fabrics in which warp yarns are arranged in groups of at least two yarns which are interwoven together according to the same path and pattern in the fabric and present an aspect ratio for each yarn set of at least 2:1 and a ribbed surface to the sheet.
Background of the Invention Papermaker's fabrics woven using various arrangements of paired or similar sets of yarns are known, for example, as disclosed in US 2,088,447 and US 2,269,869 (both to Specht);
US 3,143,150 (Buchanan); US 3,167,281 (Hill); and US 5,465,764 (Eschmann et al.).
It is known to provide paired MD yams, for example to provide a fabric having a tight weave (i.e. low air permeability), as disclosed in US 5,799,708 (Josef); or to minimize drainage and crossover point topographical markings, as disclosed in US
6,953,065 (Martin et al.).
It is also known, for example from US 4,592,396 (Borel et al.), to use paired weft so as to allow the PS surface to be as flat and smooth as possible; and from US
4,636,426 (Fleischer) to arrange either, or both, the warp and weft yarns in a side-by-side paired relationship, preferably glued together, so as to improve sheet release and reduce wire mark without having to use yarns having a generally rectangular cross-sectional shape.
It is also known from US 5,429,686 (Chiu et al.) to use high, long warp floats in a through-air dryer (TAD) fabric to produce a quilted effect in the paper, by providing a so-called "sculpture layer" which contacts the web and embosses a pattern upon it.
US 7,114,529 (Johnson et al.) discloses a TAD fabric woven so that the warp and weft yams are stacked in the fabric having a warp fill of at least 100% and a weft fill of at least 75%.
The yarns are interwoven so that the warp are set above the fabric plane by 0.3 to 1.5 times the thickness of the yarns and so that diagonal apertures are formed within the fabric to produce a high air permeability of at least about 7300 m3/mz/h. The fabric design is particularly suited for the production of a high bulk imprinted (patterned) paper product; the warp yarns are not arranged in sets or pairs.
It is known from US 7,121,306 (Harrison) to provide yarn assemblies of two or more vertically stacked warp or weft yarns interwoven as one yarn (i.e. each yarn follows the same weave path as its immediately adjacent neighbor so as to be in generally continuous, contiguous contact with each other substantially throughout the fabric).
It is also known from US 7,740,029 (Hodson et al.) to use weft yarns arranged in pairs and weave as one through a dryer fabric, for the purpose of providing increased sheet contact, decreased weaving time and reduced air permeability.
For bulk sheet products such as towel and tissue, it is known to emboss the sheets by providing a profiled upper surface to the conveying fabrics. Many prior art embossing fabrics, such as those intended for through air drying (TAD) and forming applications, are woven using generally flat or rectangular warp or weft yarns so as to provide suitable contact area between the sheet and fabric to enable sheet handling and release characteristics.
However, as the majority of industrial textiles of this general nature, such as other papermaking fabrics, are woven using circular warp yarns, rethreading the loom to include rectangular warp yarns is disadvantageously time-consuming.
Summary of the Invention It has now been found that weave patterns in which the warp yarns are arranged in groups of two or more yarns which are interwoven together according to the same path and pattern in the fabric, and present an aspect ratio for each yarn group of at least 2:1, and present a profile above the weft yarns in the paper side surface of the fabric by an amount between 50%
and 100% of the width of the individual warp yarns, are particularly advantageous in the production of patterned sheets such as towel and tissue.
The grouping of two or more warp yarns, preferably but not necessarily of circular cross-section, so that they interweave together throughout the fabric, as a set, allows for a
Field of the Invention This invention relates to industrial textiles for filtration or conveyance, such as papermakers' fabrics. In particular, the invention relates to woven embossing fabrics whose component yarns are interwoven according to a pattern which will impart a macroscopic topography onto cellulosic products which are formed or conveyed thereon, and more particularly such fabrics in which warp yarns are arranged in groups of at least two yarns which are interwoven together according to the same path and pattern in the fabric and present an aspect ratio for each yarn set of at least 2:1 and a ribbed surface to the sheet.
Background of the Invention Papermaker's fabrics woven using various arrangements of paired or similar sets of yarns are known, for example, as disclosed in US 2,088,447 and US 2,269,869 (both to Specht);
US 3,143,150 (Buchanan); US 3,167,281 (Hill); and US 5,465,764 (Eschmann et al.).
It is known to provide paired MD yams, for example to provide a fabric having a tight weave (i.e. low air permeability), as disclosed in US 5,799,708 (Josef); or to minimize drainage and crossover point topographical markings, as disclosed in US
6,953,065 (Martin et al.).
It is also known, for example from US 4,592,396 (Borel et al.), to use paired weft so as to allow the PS surface to be as flat and smooth as possible; and from US
4,636,426 (Fleischer) to arrange either, or both, the warp and weft yarns in a side-by-side paired relationship, preferably glued together, so as to improve sheet release and reduce wire mark without having to use yarns having a generally rectangular cross-sectional shape.
It is also known from US 5,429,686 (Chiu et al.) to use high, long warp floats in a through-air dryer (TAD) fabric to produce a quilted effect in the paper, by providing a so-called "sculpture layer" which contacts the web and embosses a pattern upon it.
US 7,114,529 (Johnson et al.) discloses a TAD fabric woven so that the warp and weft yams are stacked in the fabric having a warp fill of at least 100% and a weft fill of at least 75%.
The yarns are interwoven so that the warp are set above the fabric plane by 0.3 to 1.5 times the thickness of the yarns and so that diagonal apertures are formed within the fabric to produce a high air permeability of at least about 7300 m3/mz/h. The fabric design is particularly suited for the production of a high bulk imprinted (patterned) paper product; the warp yarns are not arranged in sets or pairs.
It is known from US 7,121,306 (Harrison) to provide yarn assemblies of two or more vertically stacked warp or weft yarns interwoven as one yarn (i.e. each yarn follows the same weave path as its immediately adjacent neighbor so as to be in generally continuous, contiguous contact with each other substantially throughout the fabric).
It is also known from US 7,740,029 (Hodson et al.) to use weft yarns arranged in pairs and weave as one through a dryer fabric, for the purpose of providing increased sheet contact, decreased weaving time and reduced air permeability.
For bulk sheet products such as towel and tissue, it is known to emboss the sheets by providing a profiled upper surface to the conveying fabrics. Many prior art embossing fabrics, such as those intended for through air drying (TAD) and forming applications, are woven using generally flat or rectangular warp or weft yarns so as to provide suitable contact area between the sheet and fabric to enable sheet handling and release characteristics.
However, as the majority of industrial textiles of this general nature, such as other papermaking fabrics, are woven using circular warp yarns, rethreading the loom to include rectangular warp yarns is disadvantageously time-consuming.
Summary of the Invention It has now been found that weave patterns in which the warp yarns are arranged in groups of two or more yarns which are interwoven together according to the same path and pattern in the fabric, and present an aspect ratio for each yarn group of at least 2:1, and present a profile above the weft yarns in the paper side surface of the fabric by an amount between 50%
and 100% of the width of the individual warp yarns, are particularly advantageous in the production of patterned sheets such as towel and tissue.
The grouping of two or more warp yarns, preferably but not necessarily of circular cross-section, so that they interweave together throughout the fabric, as a set, allows for a
2 replication of the aspect ratio and effect previously provided by using a single rectangular cross-section monofilament warp yarn having the same aspect ratio and interwoven in the same manner.
The weave patterns of the invention have the further advantages that the contact area between the sheet and the fabric can be increased as desired by increasing the number of warp yams weaving in parallel adjacent paths; and the resulting structure now includes MD
oriented striations (i.e. the space between the yams) which provide contamination resistance effects similar to those known to be provided by ribbed or grooved yam profiles, such as those described in US 6,773,786 (Kuckart).
This also allows for the use of looms already threaded with round warp yarns.
As those yarns and looms are of appropriate size and are suitably equipped to weave embossing fabrics, they may now advantageously be used to produce the fabrics of the invention, eliminating the previous necessity, noted above, of having to change the existing warp system from round to flat yams in order to weave such a fabric. This provides for the advantage of using a single warp platform for these and other fabrics, such as disclosed in WO 2011/011676 (Chaplin et al.).
The invention therefore seeks to provide a woven industrial fabric for at least one of filtration and conveyance, the fabric having a product conveying surface, being woven to a repeating weave pattern and comprising (i) at least one set of weft yams; and (ii) one set of warp yarns, comprising a plurality of groups of warp yarns, each group comprising at least two warp yarns, wherein for each group the warp yarns (a) together follow an identical coplanar path;
(b) are retained in lateral adjacency to provide a profile to the product conveying surface; and (c) are dimensioned such that a ratio of a width of the group in the product conveying surface to a height of the group is at least 2:1.
The weave patterns of the invention have the further advantages that the contact area between the sheet and the fabric can be increased as desired by increasing the number of warp yams weaving in parallel adjacent paths; and the resulting structure now includes MD
oriented striations (i.e. the space between the yams) which provide contamination resistance effects similar to those known to be provided by ribbed or grooved yam profiles, such as those described in US 6,773,786 (Kuckart).
This also allows for the use of looms already threaded with round warp yarns.
As those yarns and looms are of appropriate size and are suitably equipped to weave embossing fabrics, they may now advantageously be used to produce the fabrics of the invention, eliminating the previous necessity, noted above, of having to change the existing warp system from round to flat yams in order to weave such a fabric. This provides for the advantage of using a single warp platform for these and other fabrics, such as disclosed in WO 2011/011676 (Chaplin et al.).
The invention therefore seeks to provide a woven industrial fabric for at least one of filtration and conveyance, the fabric having a product conveying surface, being woven to a repeating weave pattern and comprising (i) at least one set of weft yams; and (ii) one set of warp yarns, comprising a plurality of groups of warp yarns, each group comprising at least two warp yarns, wherein for each group the warp yarns (a) together follow an identical coplanar path;
(b) are retained in lateral adjacency to provide a profile to the product conveying surface; and (c) are dimensioned such that a ratio of a width of the group in the product conveying surface to a height of the group is at least 2:1.
3 In the fabrics of the invention, the warp yams comprise groups of at least two or three, or possibly more, individual yams. The warp yams of a group are woven together, in direct adjacency and in the same manner. The yams in each group follow identical coplanar paths throughout the fabric and, as a group, provide an effective aspect ratio (which is the ratio of the total width of all of the yams in one group, to the height of the group) of at least 2:1. The aspect ratio of each set of yarns simulates a single rectangular cross-section yarn having the same aspect ratio. Where the warp yams have a circular cross-section, each yam group is effectively ribbed due to the adjacency of the yarns, and the ribs are effective in releasing contaminants and other undesirable foreign matter from the fabric surface during cleaning cycles.
In general, sets or groupings of two or more adjacent warp yams interwoven as a pair, triplet, quadruplet, simulate in the fabric a single rectangular yam with dimensions (aspect ratio) of nh x h where h is the diameter (height) of the yam and where n = the number of warp yams in the group.
For example, two or three circular cross-section warp yams, each having a diameter of e.g.
0.22mm, could be used to replicate the effect provided by a single rectangular warp yam whose aspect ratio is 2:1 (i.e. two circular cross-section warp yams each having diameters of 0.22mm provide a warp yam group which measures 0.44 x 0.22mm) or 3:1 (i.e.
three circular cross-section warp yams each having a diameter of 0.22mm provide a warp yarn group which measures 0.66 x 0.22mm).
Preferably, the profile provided by the groups of warp yams comprises a profile height above the weft yams in the product conveying surface, and for each group of warp yams the profile height is between 50% and 100% of a width of each warp yam in the group.
The fabrics of the invention are flat woven according to a pattern requiring at least 10 sheds in the loom using circular cross-section polymeric (e.g. PET, PPS) monofilament MD warp yarns and CD well yams (e.g. PET, PPS, nylon, others) arranged so as to provide a warp fill of approximately 95% to 110% in the fabric following heatsetting. The warp yams may be arranged on either one or two beams in the loom for weaving.
In general, sets or groupings of two or more adjacent warp yams interwoven as a pair, triplet, quadruplet, simulate in the fabric a single rectangular yam with dimensions (aspect ratio) of nh x h where h is the diameter (height) of the yam and where n = the number of warp yams in the group.
For example, two or three circular cross-section warp yams, each having a diameter of e.g.
0.22mm, could be used to replicate the effect provided by a single rectangular warp yam whose aspect ratio is 2:1 (i.e. two circular cross-section warp yams each having diameters of 0.22mm provide a warp yam group which measures 0.44 x 0.22mm) or 3:1 (i.e.
three circular cross-section warp yams each having a diameter of 0.22mm provide a warp yarn group which measures 0.66 x 0.22mm).
Preferably, the profile provided by the groups of warp yams comprises a profile height above the weft yams in the product conveying surface, and for each group of warp yams the profile height is between 50% and 100% of a width of each warp yam in the group.
The fabrics of the invention are flat woven according to a pattern requiring at least 10 sheds in the loom using circular cross-section polymeric (e.g. PET, PPS) monofilament MD warp yarns and CD well yams (e.g. PET, PPS, nylon, others) arranged so as to provide a warp fill of approximately 95% to 110% in the fabric following heatsetting. The warp yams may be arranged on either one or two beams in the loom for weaving.
4 In a first embodiment of the invention, the warp yarns are interwoven with a single set of weft yarns to provide a single layer fabric.
In a second embodiment, the warp yarns are interwoven with first and second sets of weft yams to provide a double layer fabric, in which the first set of weft yams are located entirely on the PS of the fabric, and the second set of weft yarns are located entirely on the MS of the fabric. The weft yams of the first set may be arranged so as to be vertically stacked with corresponding weft yarns of the second set in the fabric (i.e. the PS:MS weft ratio is 1:1).
In an alternative double layer fabric construction, not all of the weft yarns of the first system are vertically stacked over corresponding weft yams of the second weft system.
Additional weft yams may be included in the PS of the fabric; in a version of this embodiment, additional weft yams are provided so as to effectively double the number of weft yarns in the PS, to provide a fabric in which the PS:MS weft yarn ratio is 2:1. Other ratios can be selected to provide the desired weft yarn ratio according to the intended end use of the fabric, for example ratios of 1.5:1, or e.g. 3:1 or higher. Weft yarn ratios greater than 1:1 will provide extra support for the papermaking fibers in the sheet conveyed by the fabric and may be used to adjust air permeability. In double layer fabrics where the weft yarn ratio is greater than 1:1, some of the weft yarns of the first set will be vertically stacked over corresponding weft yams of the second set.
In the fabrics of the invention, the groups of warp yarns are interwoven with the weft yams according to patterns which provide for a weft float length of between one and eleven warp yam groups on the MS of the fabric.
The polymeric warp and/or weft yarn material is preferably PET which is optionally heat or hydrolysis stabilized; in high temperature environments such as may be found in a through-air dryer, it may also be beneficial to use a heat resistant material such as PPS in either, or both, the warp and weft positions in the fabric. However, the invention is not so limited, and polymers such as are commonly used in industrial textiles intended for papermaking applications may be utilized in either the warp or weft yams from which the fabric is made.
When the intended end use of the fabric is in a through-air dryer type application, it may be preferred to use known hydrolysis or heat stabilized materials so as to increase the service
In a second embodiment, the warp yarns are interwoven with first and second sets of weft yams to provide a double layer fabric, in which the first set of weft yams are located entirely on the PS of the fabric, and the second set of weft yarns are located entirely on the MS of the fabric. The weft yams of the first set may be arranged so as to be vertically stacked with corresponding weft yarns of the second set in the fabric (i.e. the PS:MS weft ratio is 1:1).
In an alternative double layer fabric construction, not all of the weft yarns of the first system are vertically stacked over corresponding weft yams of the second weft system.
Additional weft yams may be included in the PS of the fabric; in a version of this embodiment, additional weft yams are provided so as to effectively double the number of weft yarns in the PS, to provide a fabric in which the PS:MS weft yarn ratio is 2:1. Other ratios can be selected to provide the desired weft yarn ratio according to the intended end use of the fabric, for example ratios of 1.5:1, or e.g. 3:1 or higher. Weft yarn ratios greater than 1:1 will provide extra support for the papermaking fibers in the sheet conveyed by the fabric and may be used to adjust air permeability. In double layer fabrics where the weft yarn ratio is greater than 1:1, some of the weft yarns of the first set will be vertically stacked over corresponding weft yams of the second set.
In the fabrics of the invention, the groups of warp yarns are interwoven with the weft yams according to patterns which provide for a weft float length of between one and eleven warp yam groups on the MS of the fabric.
The polymeric warp and/or weft yarn material is preferably PET which is optionally heat or hydrolysis stabilized; in high temperature environments such as may be found in a through-air dryer, it may also be beneficial to use a heat resistant material such as PPS in either, or both, the warp and weft positions in the fabric. However, the invention is not so limited, and polymers such as are commonly used in industrial textiles intended for papermaking applications may be utilized in either the warp or weft yams from which the fabric is made.
When the intended end use of the fabric is in a through-air dryer type application, it may be preferred to use known hydrolysis or heat stabilized materials so as to increase the service
5 life of the fabric. Where the intended end use of the fabric is in the forming section, where heat and hydrolysis are not major concerns, it may be appropriate to use nylons, various polyesters, or blends of PET and thermoplastic polyurethane such as are known in the art, for example as disclosed in US 5,169,711 (Bhatt et al.) and US 5,502,120 (Bhatt et al.).
However, in all cases, the materials and dimensions for the yarns, and the fabric processing conditions, will be selected and adjusted so that the weft yams have a greater resistance to crimping than the warp yarns, so as to ensure that the warp yams are raised above the plane of the weft yams in the woven fabric to provide the required amount of profile as discussed above.
Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view along the weft yarns through a fabric in an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the weft yarns through a fabric in a second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 3a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 3b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 3a.-Figure 3c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 3a having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 3b;
Figure 4a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 4b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 4a;
However, in all cases, the materials and dimensions for the yarns, and the fabric processing conditions, will be selected and adjusted so that the weft yams have a greater resistance to crimping than the warp yarns, so as to ensure that the warp yams are raised above the plane of the weft yams in the woven fabric to provide the required amount of profile as discussed above.
Brief Description of the Drawings The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view along the weft yarns through a fabric in an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view along the weft yarns through a fabric in a second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 3a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 3b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 3a.-Figure 3c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 3a having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 3b;
Figure 4a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 4b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 4a;
6 Figure 4c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 4a having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 4b;
Figure 5a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 5b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 5a;
Figure 5c is a depiction of an approximate 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 5a;
Figure 6a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 6b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 6a;
Figure 6c is a depiction of a 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 6a;
Figure 6d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 6a;
Figure 7a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 7b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 7a;
Figure 7c is a depiction of a 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 7a; and Figure 7d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 7a.
Figure 5a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 5b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 5a;
Figure 5c is a depiction of an approximate 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 5a;
Figure 6a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 6b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 6a;
Figure 6c is a depiction of a 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 6a;
Figure 6d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 6a;
Figure 7a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 7b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Figure 7a;
Figure 7c is a depiction of a 3-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 7a; and Figure 7d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 7a.
7 Detailed Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view along the weft yams through a fabric in an embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, each group of warp yams consists of two yams, and the figure shows them as they would appear in a cross-section along the weft yams through the fabric.
Figure 2 is an illustration similar to Figure 1, being a cross-sectional view along the weft yams through a fabric in a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, each group of warp yams consists of three yams, and the figure shows them as they would appear in a cross-section along the weft yams through the fabric.
Figure 3a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns. Figure 3b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 3a; and Figure 3c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 3a, and having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 3b;
Figure 4a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fourth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yarns are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 4b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 4a; and Figure 4c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 4a, and having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 4b.
Figure 5a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fifth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of three yams, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 5b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 5a; and Figure 5c is a
Figure 2 is an illustration similar to Figure 1, being a cross-sectional view along the weft yams through a fabric in a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, each group of warp yams consists of three yams, and the figure shows them as they would appear in a cross-section along the weft yams through the fabric.
Figure 3a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a third embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns. Figure 3b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 3a; and Figure 3c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 3a, and having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 3b;
Figure 4a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fourth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yarns are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 4b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 4a; and Figure 4c is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 4a, and having a paper side surface as shown in Figure 4b.
Figure 5a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a fifth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of three yams, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 5b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 5a; and Figure 5c is a
8 depiction of a three-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 5a.
Figure 6a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a sixth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the pattern also includes pairs of weft binder yarns, and the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yams.
The fabric is woven using a double beam loom. Figure 6b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 6a; and Figure 6c is a depiction of a three-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 6a.
Figure 6d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 6a.
Figure 7a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a seventh embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 7b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 7a; and Figure 7c is a depiction of a three-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 7a. Figure 7d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig.
7a.
In Figures 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a, the weave diagrams show the interrelationship between the warp and weft yarns and the basic construction of the fabrics. In the diagrams, each vertical row of filled squares and white (or blank) squares represents a warp yam and each horizontal row of filled and white / blank squares represents a weft (or pick) yam; thus, each square represents an intersection of a warp and weft yarn. A filled square indicates that a warp yam is raised (or passes) over a weft yarn at that point of intersection;
a white or blank square indicates that the warp yam is below the weft yam at that intersection.
As the diagrams are presented on the respective pages, the warp yarns are numbered from left to right, and the weft yarns are numbered from top to bottom.
Figure 6a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a sixth embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the pattern also includes pairs of weft binder yarns, and the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yams.
The fabric is woven using a double beam loom. Figure 6b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 6a; and Figure 6c is a depiction of a three-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 6a.
Figure 6d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig. 6a.
Figure 7a is a 24-shed weave diagram for a double layer embossing fabric in a seventh embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the warp yams are arranged in groups consisting of two yarns, and the fabric is woven using a double beam loom.
Figure 7b is a diagram showing an approximation of the paper side surface embossing pattern of a fabric woven according to the overall 24-shed pattern shown in Figure 7a; and Figure 7c is a depiction of a three-dimensional representation of a fabric constructed according to the weave diagram shown in Figure 7a. Figure 7d is a photograph of a tissue sheet sample formed and embossed on a fabric woven according to the pattern shown in Fig.
7a.
In Figures 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a, the weave diagrams show the interrelationship between the warp and weft yarns and the basic construction of the fabrics. In the diagrams, each vertical row of filled squares and white (or blank) squares represents a warp yam and each horizontal row of filled and white / blank squares represents a weft (or pick) yam; thus, each square represents an intersection of a warp and weft yarn. A filled square indicates that a warp yam is raised (or passes) over a weft yarn at that point of intersection;
a white or blank square indicates that the warp yam is below the weft yam at that intersection.
As the diagrams are presented on the respective pages, the warp yarns are numbered from left to right, and the weft yarns are numbered from top to bottom.
9
Claims (13)
1. A woven industrial fabric for at least one of filtration and conveyance, the fabric having a product conveying surface, being woven to a repeating weave pattern and comprising (i) at least one set of weft yarns; and (ii) one set of warp yarns, comprising a plurality of groups of warp yarns, each group comprising at least two warp yarns, wherein for each group the warp yarns (a) together follow an identical coplanar path;
(b) are retained in lateral adjacency to provide a profile to the product conveying surface; and (c) are dimensioned such that a ratio of a width of the group in the product conveying surface to a height of the group is at least 2:1.
(b) are retained in lateral adjacency to provide a profile to the product conveying surface; and (c) are dimensioned such that a ratio of a width of the group in the product conveying surface to a height of the group is at least 2:1.
2. An industrial fabric according to Claim 1, wherein the ratio is at least 3:1.
3. An industrial fabric according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the set of warp yarns comprises only the groups of warp yarns.
4. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the profile comprises a profile height above the weft yarns in the product conveying surface, and for each group of warp yarns the profile height is between 50% and 100% of a width of each warp yarn in the group.
5. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the fabric has a warp fill of between 95% and 110%.
6. An industrial fabric according to Claim 5, wherein the warp fill is between 98% and 108%.
7. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the warp yarns have a cross-sectional configuration selected from circular and rectangular.
8. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, having one set of weft yarns and comprising a single layer fabric.
9. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, having two sets of weft yarns and comprising a double layer fabric.
10. An industrial fabric according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, comprising a papermaking fabric.
11. An industrial fabric according to Claim 10, comprising a forming fabric.
12. An industrial fabric according to Claim 10, comprising a dryer fabric.
13. An industrial fabric according to Claim 12, comprising a through air dryer fabric.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2748789A CA2748789A1 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets |
| PCT/CA2012/000757 WO2013023276A1 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2012-08-14 | Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2748789A CA2748789A1 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2748789A1 true CA2748789A1 (en) | 2013-02-15 |
Family
ID=47711276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2748789A Abandoned CA2748789A1 (en) | 2011-08-15 | 2011-08-15 | Embossing fabric including warp yarn sets |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2748789A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013023276A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2018341592B2 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-10-12 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Twill woven papermaking fabrics |
| KR20200062230A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-06-03 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | Woven paper fabrics with converging, branching or merging surfaces |
| KR20200062216A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-06-03 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | Woven papermaking fabric with stabilized weave providing a textured contact surface |
| KR20200060411A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-05-29 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | Woven paper fabrics with machined and cross-machine oriented surfaces |
| CN112639190B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2024-02-23 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Woven paper fabric with intersecting twill patterns |
| CN112739861A (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2021-04-30 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Woven papermaker's fabric with discrete transverse protrusions |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2086505A (en) * | 1934-01-31 | 1937-07-06 | Susquehanna Silk Mills | Method of weaving tissue figured fabric and resulting woven fabric |
| FI85738C (en) * | 1984-05-01 | 1992-05-25 | Jwi Ltd | Cloth with warp yarns of melt extrudable polyphenylene sulfide and synthetic industrial fabric |
| DE4302031C1 (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1993-12-16 | Heimbach Gmbh Thomas Josef | Fourdrinier for paper mfg. machine for large contact surface area - comprises oven plastics filaments with gp. in sub-gps. shrunk for longitudinal filaments side by side, for flexibility |
| US5429686A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-07-04 | Lindsay Wire, Inc. | Apparatus for making soft tissue products |
| US5713398A (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-02-03 | Albany International Corp. | Papermaker's fabric having paired different machine-direction yarns weaving as one |
| DE19923088C1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-10-12 | Heimbach Gmbh Thomas Josef | Woven blanket for drying section of papermaking machine has paired longitudinal filaments pulled out into long and short loops at end sides for smooth surface on paper side when locked together by inserted wire |
| US6837276B2 (en) * | 2002-11-07 | 2005-01-04 | Albany International Corp. | Air channel dryer fabric |
-
2011
- 2011-08-15 CA CA2748789A patent/CA2748789A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-08-14 WO PCT/CA2012/000757 patent/WO2013023276A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013023276A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
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