CA2668489A1 - Dispersion method - Google Patents
Dispersion method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2668489A1 CA2668489A1 CA002668489A CA2668489A CA2668489A1 CA 2668489 A1 CA2668489 A1 CA 2668489A1 CA 002668489 A CA002668489 A CA 002668489A CA 2668489 A CA2668489 A CA 2668489A CA 2668489 A1 CA2668489 A1 CA 2668489A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carbon nanotubes
- cnts
- dispersion
- cndot
- esters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 16
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 15
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract 26
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- -1 ether alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 3
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims 2
- KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CO KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N (9Z,12Z)-octadecadien-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CCTFMNIEFHGTDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropyl acetate Chemical compound COCCCOC(C)=O CCTFMNIEFHGTDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N linoleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#C TVDSBUOJIPERQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
- C01B32/174—Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
- B82B3/0095—Manufacture or treatments or nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B3/0009 - B82B3/009
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/20—Nanotubes characterized by their properties
- C01B2202/28—Solid content in solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/20—Nanotubes characterized by their properties
- C01B2202/34—Length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/20—Nanotubes characterized by their properties
- C01B2202/36—Diameter
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a continuous phase, especially in at least one dispersing agent. In said method, the carbon nanotubes, which are especially not subjected to a preliminary treatment, are dispersed in a continuous phase, particularly in at least one dispersing agent, in the presence of at least one dispersing agent while supplying enough power for the dispersion. The invention further relates to the dispersions obtained in said manner and the use thereof. The inventive method allows the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed at high concentrations and with a long shelf life.
Claims (15)
1. A method of dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a continuous phase, especially in at least one dispersion medium, characterized in that first, before the dispersing operation proper, a method step is carried out in which the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are contacted and homogenized with a continuous phase, especially a dispersion medium, and at least one dispersant (dispersing agent), and subsequently the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed in the continuous phase, especially the dispersion medium, in the presence of the dispersant, with introduction of an energy input sufficient for dispersing, in amounts of 1 x 10 -1%
to 30% by weight, based on the resulting dispersion, the amount of energy introduced, calculated as energy introduced per unit quantity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed, being 15 000 to 100 000 kJ/kg.
to 30% by weight, based on the resulting dispersion, the amount of energy introduced, calculated as energy introduced per unit quantity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed, being 15 000 to 100 000 kJ/kg.
2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed in amounts of 1 x 10 -1% to 20%, preferably 1 x 10 -1% to 10%, more preferably 1 x 10 -1% to 7.5%, very preferably 1 x 10 -1% to 5%, by weight, based on the resulting dispersion, in the continuous phase.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dispersant (dispersing agent) is used in amounts of 25% to 400%, in particular 50% to 350%, preferably 75% to 300%, more preferably 100% to 275%, very preferably 150% to 250%, by weight, based on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed.
4. The method of one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method or dispersing operation is carried out over a period of 0.01 to 30 minutes, in particular 0.1 to 20 minutes, preferably 0.2 to 15 minutes, more preferably 0.5 to 10 minutes, very preferably 0.5 to 5 minutes, and/or in that energy input takes place by means of ultrasound treatment and/or in that the amount of energy introduced, calculated as energy introduced per unit quantity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed, is 25 000 to 50 000 kJ/kg.
5. The method of one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersing operation is carried out without prior pretreatment of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to be dispersed, in particular without prior oxidation, chemical treatment, thermal treatment, polarization or halogenation.
6. The method of one or more of the preceding claims, characterized .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used are selected from single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs or SWNTs) or multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs or MWNTs), in particular 2- to 30-wall, preferably 3- to 15-wall, carbon nanotubes, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have average internal diameters of 0.4 to 50 nm, in particular 1 to 10 nm, preferably 2 to 6 nm, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have average external diameters of 1 to 60 nm, in particular 5 to 30 nm, preferably 10 to 20 nm, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have average lengths of 0.01 to 1000 µm, in particular 0.1 to 500 µm, preferably 0.5 to 200 µm, more preferably 1 to 100 µm, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have a tensile strength per carbon nanotube of at least 1 GPa, in particular at least 5 GPa, preferably at least 10 GPa, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have an elasticity modulus per carbon nanotube of at least 0.1 TPa, in particular at least 0.5 TPa, preferably at least 1 TPa, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotube (CNTs) used have a thermal conductivity of at least 500 W/mK, in particular at least 1000 W/mK, preferably at least 2000 W/mK, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have an electrical conductivity of at least 10 3 S/cm, in particular at least 0.5 x 10 4 S/cm, preferably at least 10 4 S/cm, and/or .cndot. in that the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used have a bulk density in the range from 0.01 to 0.3 g/cm3, in particular 0.02 to 0.2 g/cm3, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 g/cm3.
7. The method of one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an aqueous-, organic- or aqueous-organic-based dispersion medium, preferably an organic dispersion medium, is used as continuous phase, in particular dispersion medium, and/or in that a dispersion medium which is present in the liquid aggregate state under dispersing conditions, in particular under atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa) and in a temperature range of 10 to 100°C, preferably 15 to 70°C, is used as continuous phase, especially where the dispersion medium is selected from the group of (i) alcohols, especially straight-chain, branched or cyclic, monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, butanol, ethylhexanol, decanol, isotridecyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, propargyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, oxo-process alcohols, neopentyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, fatty alcohols, and diols and polyols, such as glycols; (ii) ether alcohols, such as 2-methoxyethanol, monophenyl diglycol, phenylethanol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol; (iii) hydrocarbons, such as toluene, xylene, and aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic benzine fractions, chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as chloroform and trichloroethane; (iv) ethers, especially cyclic and acyclic ethers, such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and polyalkylene glycol dialkyl ethers; (v) carboxylic esters, especially monocarboxylic esters, such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; and dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic esters, such as dialkyl esters of C2 to C4 dicarboxylic acids ("Dibasic Esters"); (vi) ether esters, especially alkylglycol esters, such as ethylglycol acetate and methoxypropyl acetate;
(vii) lactones, such as butyrolactone;
(viii) plasticizers, especially phthalates;
(ix) aldehydes and ketones, such as methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and acetone;
(x) acid amides, such as dimethylformamide;
(xi) N-methylpyrrolidone; and also mixtures of the aforementioned dispersion media.
(vii) lactones, such as butyrolactone;
(viii) plasticizers, especially phthalates;
(ix) aldehydes and ketones, such as methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and acetone;
(x) acid amides, such as dimethylformamide;
(xi) N-methylpyrrolidone; and also mixtures of the aforementioned dispersion media.
8. The method of one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a polymeric dispersant is used as dispersant that in particular is based on a functionalized polymer, preferably having a number-average molecular mass of at least 500 g/mol, preferably at least 1000 g/mol, more preferably at least 2000 g/mol, the dispersant in particular being selected from the group of polymers and copolymers having functional groups and/or groups with pigment affinity, alkylammonium salts of polymers and copolymers, polymers and copolymers having acidic groups, comb copolymers and block copolymers, such as block copolymers having groups with pigment affinity, especially basic groups with pigment affinity, optionally modified acrylate block copolymrs, optionally modified polyurethanes, optionally modified and/or salified polyamines, phosphoric esters, ethoxylates, polymers and copolymers having fatty acid radicals, optionally modified polyacrylates, such as transesterified polyacrylates, optionally modified polyesters, such as acid-functional polyesters, polyphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
9. A dispersion of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a continuous phase, especially in at least one dispersion medium, obtainable by the method of one or more of the preceding claims.
10. The dispersion of claim 9, characterized in that the dispersion is storage-stable for at least 1 week, preferably at least one month, more preferably at least 3 months, very preferably at least 6 months, and/or in that the dispersion is fluid at room temperature and/or in that the dispersion is newtonian or at most thixotropic and/or structurally viscous, preferably newtonian.
11. The use of the dispersion of claim 9 or 10 in the field of electronics, especially in the field of computer technology and industry, semiconductor technology and industry or metrology and the metrological industry, or for producing conducting or semiconducting structures, nanoelectric structures and devices, transistors, nonvolatile memories, displays and screens and components thereof, or metrological and computer parts and components, such as circuits, diodes, and the like.
12. The use of a dispersion of claim 9 or 10 in plastics and polymeric compositions, coatings, paints, inks or composite materials.
13. The use of a dispersion of claim 9 or 10 for increasing the electrical conductivity and/or for improving the mechanical properties, especially the strength, preferably in relation to plastics and polymeric compositions, coatings, paints, inks, and composite materials, preferably as reinforcing materials.
14. The use of a dispersion of claim 9 or 10 for producing bundles, fibers, mats, and other coherent structures of carbon nanotubes (CNTs).
15. The use of the dispersion of claim 9 or 10 in the field of aerospace technology or in the field of cooling technology, especially for producing heat sinks for any of a very wide variety of applications, especially for GSM base stations, as CPU coolers or the like.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006053816 | 2006-11-14 | ||
| DE102006053816.1 | 2006-11-14 | ||
| DE102006055106.0 | 2006-11-21 | ||
| DE102006055106.0A DE102006055106C5 (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2006-11-21 | dispersing |
| PCT/EP2007/008193 WO2008058589A2 (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2007-09-20 | Dispersion method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2668489A1 true CA2668489A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
| CA2668489C CA2668489C (en) | 2011-11-29 |
Family
ID=39277757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2668489A Expired - Fee Related CA2668489C (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2007-09-20 | Dispersion method |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8257677B2 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2508472A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5646173B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20090080080A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101578237B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2668489C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102006055106C5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008058589A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013079219A1 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Method for producing electrically conductive structures on non-conductive substrates and structures made in this manner |
| EP2719270A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-16 | BYK-Chemie GmbH | Coating compound and use |
Families Citing this family (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006055106C5 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2018-08-23 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | dispersing |
| JP5526534B2 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2014-06-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | Carbon nanotube ink composition and method of spraying carbon nanotube ink composition |
| DE102009008967B4 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-06-16 | Möller, Silvia | Plastic laminate with integrated heating function |
| KR101098333B1 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-12-26 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Dispersion method of carbon nanotube, device for dispersing carbon nanotube and carbon nanotube dispersion obtained by using the same |
| CN102712764A (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2012-10-03 | 拜耳材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing composite materials based on polymers and carbon nanotubes (CNTS), and composite materials produced in this manner and the use thereof |
| US20110171371A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | CNano Technology Limited | Enhanced Electrode Composition for Li ion Battery |
| CN102782197B (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2015-05-20 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Process for production of carbon fibers |
| KR20110126998A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Cnt composition, cnt layer structure, liquid crystal display device, method of preparing cnt layer structure and method of preparing liquid crystal display device |
| JP5757073B2 (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2015-07-29 | 藤倉化成株式会社 | Method for producing filler dispersion |
| US8759421B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2014-06-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Continuous process for preparing nanodispersions using an ultrasonic flow-through heat exchanger |
| EP2436719A1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-04 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH | Method for producing master batches containing nanoparticles |
| DE102010042209A1 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2012-04-12 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Production of carbon nanotube-containing dispersions |
| GB2485339B (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2018-10-03 | Cambridge Entpr Ltd | Method of making carbon nanotubes |
| KR101295351B1 (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2013-08-09 | 주식회사 필맥스 | Dispersant Composition for Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Nanotube Composite Comprising the Dispersant Composition and Polymer Composite Material Produced Using the Carbon Nanotube Composite |
| JP5537445B2 (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2014-07-02 | ニッタ株式会社 | CNT isolation dispersion |
| CN102181116B (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-01-02 | 杭州师范大学 | Carbon-nanotube-containing polymer nanocomposite and preparation method thereof |
| US9663734B2 (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2017-05-30 | Bcr Science Pllc | Solutions of allotropes of carbon and methods of making and using the same |
| CN102350234B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Dispersion method for carbon nanotubes |
| TWI448422B (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2014-08-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Carbon nanotube powders and methods for manufacturing the same and composite materials |
| EP2583940A1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2013-04-24 | Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. | Stabilization of carbon nanomaterials and hydrophobic compounds by copolymers |
| WO2013082266A1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | Rhodia Operations | Systems and methods for dispersing graphitic carbon |
| EP2607407B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2014-08-20 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau GmbH | Method for manufacturing CNT master batches in liquid caoutchouc by means of a three roller device |
| CN104334494B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2019-04-16 | 布鲁尔科技公司 | The polyfunctionality alcohol dispersion of carbon nanotube |
| US8703666B2 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2014-04-22 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lubricant compositions and processes for preparing same |
| CN103317131B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-03-02 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of carbon nano tube-doped modification tungsten and explosive consolidation preparation method thereof |
| CN103353433B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2016-01-06 | 天津大学 | The method of testing of the sliding length of a kind of superpolymer dynamic rheological property condition lower wall |
| DE102015102553A1 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2016-08-25 | Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm | Dispersing additive |
| KR101954430B1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2019-03-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Conductive material dispersed solution and lithium secondary battery prepared by using the same |
| KR102482030B1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2022-12-27 | 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 | Ink composition for carbon material dispersion and method for preparing the same |
| US10549996B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 | 2020-02-04 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Polymer coated multiwall carbon nanotubes |
| KR101817346B1 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-10 | 한국화학연구원 | Anti-corrosive inorganic nanotube, and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN108059151B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏天奈科技股份有限公司 | Carbon nano tube dispersant and preparation method thereof |
| US10553370B2 (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-02-04 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Methods of making light-weight, low-resistivity transfer materials |
| JP7192853B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-12-20 | 日産化学株式会社 | Conductive carbon material dispersion |
| CN110902670B (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Carbon nanotube oriented film, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109384936B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2021-07-23 | 青岛科技大学 | Carbon nanotube grafted hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane electrophoretic resin, cathode polyurethane electrophoretic paint and preparation methods thereof |
| CN112029019B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-12-02 | 青岛昊鑫新能源科技有限公司 | Carbon nano tube dispersant and preparation method thereof |
| CN112479185B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-03-29 | 安徽大学 | Polyurethane-tannin-stabilized carbon nanotube aqueous dispersion and preparation method thereof |
| RU2767647C1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-03-18 | МСД Текнолоджис С.а р.л. | Additive to rubber compositions, method of producing additive, method of producing rubber with high electrical conductivity and physical and mechanical properties and rubber |
| CN113666362B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-03-17 | 苏州汉纳材料科技有限公司 | Dispersing auxiliary agent, carbon nanotube dispersion liquid and conductive paste |
Family Cites Families (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3465599D1 (en) | 1984-01-27 | 1987-10-01 | Byk Chemie Gmbh | Addition compounds suited as dispersing agents, process for their preparation, their use and solid materials coated with them |
| DE3641581C3 (en) | 1986-12-05 | 1996-08-01 | Byk Chemie Gmbh | Process for the preparation of dispersants and their salts and their use |
| US4942213A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1990-07-17 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Addition compounds useful as dispersing agents and dispersion stabilizers, process for producing them, their use and solids coated therewith |
| DE3930687A1 (en) | 1989-09-14 | 1991-04-11 | Byk Chemie Gmbh | Phosphoric acid esters, process for their preparation and their use as dispersing agents |
| US5151218A (en) | 1989-09-14 | 1992-09-29 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Phosphoric acid esters, method of producing them, and use thereof as dispersants |
| DE19721728C2 (en) | 1997-05-24 | 2001-07-12 | Byk Chemie Gmbh | Dispersants for pigments or fillers based on acrylic acid alkyl ester polymers, use and process for producing them |
| DE19732251B4 (en) | 1997-07-26 | 2004-07-29 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Salinization products of polyamines and their use as dispersants for pigments and fillers |
| KR100775878B1 (en) | 1998-09-18 | 2007-11-13 | 윌리엄 마쉬 라이스 유니버시티 | Chemical derivatization of single-wall carbon nanotubes to facilitate solvation thereof and use of derivatized nanotubes |
| DE19941031A1 (en) | 1999-08-28 | 2001-03-01 | Byk Chemie Gmbh | Branched polymers containing imidazole groups, and their preparation and use |
| US6783746B1 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2004-08-31 | Ashland, Inc. | Preparation of stable nanotube dispersions in liquids |
| IL142254A0 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2002-03-10 | Univ Ben Gurion | Method for the preparation of stable suspensions of single carbon nanotubes |
| US7588699B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2009-09-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Electrically conductive, optically transparent polymer/carbon nanotube composites and process for preparation thereof |
| JP2003205499A (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2003-07-22 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Porous carbon nano-structure and its manufacturing method |
| US20040034177A1 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2004-02-19 | Jian Chen | Polymer and method for using the polymer for solubilizing nanotubes |
| CN1239604C (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2006-02-01 | 塞威公司 | Polymer and process for solubilizing nano tube by using such polymer |
| JP3650819B2 (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2005-05-25 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Cutting method of carbon nanotube |
| DE10236133A1 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2004-02-26 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Use of gradient copolymers produced by living, controlled polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers as dispersants, especially in coating compositions, pastes or molding materials |
| JP4345308B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2009-10-14 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Polymer composite and method for producing the same |
| DE10326147A1 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2005-03-03 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Epoxide adducts and their salts as dispersants |
| US20040262581A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-12-30 | Rodrigues David E. | Electrically conductive compositions and method of manufacture thereof |
| JP2005089738A (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2005-04-07 | Toray Ind Inc | Carbon nanotube dispersion solution and carbon nanotube dispersion material |
| US7354988B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2008-04-08 | General Electric Company | Electrically conductive compositions and method of manufacture thereof |
| US7470650B2 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2008-12-30 | Ashland Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc | Shock absorber fluid composition containing nanostructures |
| JP4689261B2 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2011-05-25 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Carbon nanotube-containing composition, composite having coating film made thereof, and method for producing them |
| DE102004016479B4 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2007-03-15 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Use of polyesters as dispersants and polyester-containing masterbatches |
| DE102004022753B3 (en) | 2004-05-07 | 2006-02-16 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Addition dispersions suitable as dispersants and dispersion stabilizers |
| WO2007011369A2 (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2007-01-25 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Method for preparing cnt/pani dispersions |
| DE102004044879A1 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-30 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Copolymers, their preparation and use as wetting and dispersing agents |
| DE102004050955A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2006-04-27 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Alkoxylated epoxy-amine adducts and their use |
| US20060124028A1 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2006-06-15 | Xueying Huang | Inkjet ink compositions comprising carbon nanotubes |
| JP2006219307A (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-24 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Porous calcium phosphate ceramic/carbon nanotube composition and method for producing the same |
| US20060188723A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Coating compositions containing single wall carbon nanotubes |
| JP4099526B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2008-06-11 | 国立大学法人信州大学 | Separation and purification of porphyrin dimer derivatives and carbon nanotubes using them |
| KR20060127584A (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method for separating of semiconductor and metal carbon nano tube |
| JP2007169120A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | The Inctec Inc | Method for dispersing carbon nanotube |
| FR2899573B1 (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2008-05-30 | Solvay | AQUEOUS EMULSION COMPRISING A FUNCTIONALIZED POLYOLEFIN AND CARBON NANOTUBES |
| DE102006055106C5 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2018-08-23 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | dispersing |
| JPWO2008143233A1 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2010-08-12 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | Phenylene polymer, carbon nanotube dispersant, carbon nanotube composite, thin film for solar cell, dispersion of carbon nanotube composite, and method for producing the same |
-
2006
- 2006-11-21 DE DE102006055106.0A patent/DE102006055106C5/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-09-20 KR KR1020097009683A patent/KR20090080080A/en active Search and Examination
- 2007-09-20 JP JP2009535583A patent/JP5646173B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-20 EP EP12003939.1A patent/EP2508472A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-09-20 WO PCT/EP2007/008193 patent/WO2008058589A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-09-20 EP EP07818283.9A patent/EP2089317B1/en active Active
- 2007-09-20 CA CA2668489A patent/CA2668489C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-20 CN CN2007800498532A patent/CN101578237B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-20 US US12/514,718 patent/US8257677B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013079219A1 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Byk-Chemie Gmbh | Method for producing electrically conductive structures on non-conductive substrates and structures made in this manner |
| EP2719270A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-16 | BYK-Chemie GmbH | Coating compound and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101578237A (en) | 2009-11-11 |
| US20100059720A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
| CA2668489C (en) | 2011-11-29 |
| DE102006055106C5 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
| CN101578237B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| US8257677B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
| JP2010509165A (en) | 2010-03-25 |
| WO2008058589A2 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
| EP2508472A2 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| DE102006055106B4 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
| EP2089317B1 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| DE102006055106A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
| WO2008058589A3 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
| EP2089317A2 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
| KR20090080080A (en) | 2009-07-23 |
| EP2508472A3 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| JP5646173B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2668489A1 (en) | Dispersion method | |
| Kim et al. | Effects of surface modification on rheological and mechanical properties of CNT/epoxy composites | |
| Xia et al. | Preparation and characterization of polyurethane–carbon nanotube composites | |
| Geng et al. | Effects of surfactant treatment on mechanical and electrical properties of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites | |
| Lu et al. | From nano to giant? Designing carbon nanotubes for rubber reinforcement and their applications for high performance tires | |
| Sun et al. | Mechanical properties of surface-functionalized SWCNT/epoxy composites | |
| Gantayat et al. | Carbon nanomaterial–reinforced epoxy composites: a review | |
| Kaleemullah et al. | Effect of surfactant treatment on thermal stability and mechanical properties of CNT/polybenzoxazine nanocomposites | |
| Lau et al. | Thermal and mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotube bundle-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites: the role of solvent for nanotube dispersion | |
| US20060155043A1 (en) | Nanostructure composites | |
| JP6585856B2 (en) | Composite resin material and molded body | |
| Zhao et al. | Functionalized MWNT‐doped thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites for aerospace coating applications | |
| Barikani et al. | Effect of different chemical modification systems on thermal and electrical conductivity of functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube/epoxy nanocomposites | |
| Yang et al. | Facile preparation of polyamide 6/exfoliated graphite nanoplate composites via ultrasound‐assisted processing | |
| Terenzi et al. | Chemorheological behaviour of double-walled carbon nanotube-epoxy nanocomposites | |
| Park et al. | Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite foams | |
| Chen et al. | Using supercritical carbon dioxide in preparing carbon nanotube nanocomposite: Improved dispersion and mechanical properties | |
| Choi et al. | Electrical and rheological characteristics of poly (vinyl acetate)/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites | |
| Chen et al. | Mechanical properties of foam sandwich with chopped‐glass‐fiber/carbon nanotube reinforced hierarchical structure interlayer | |
| Bashir et al. | Engineering of interfacial interactions among BN and CNT hybrid towards higher heat conduction within TPU composites | |
| Ghose et al. | High temperature resin/carbon nanotube composite fabrication | |
| Ucpinar Durmaz et al. | Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of graphene nanoplatelets‐reinforced polyamide11/poly (lactic acid) nanocomposites | |
| Eyassu et al. | Molecular cooling fan: factors for optimization of heat dissipation devices and applications | |
| Serrato et al. | Electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of compression molded carbon nanofiber‐reinforced polyvinylidene difluoride film | |
| Damian et al. | Ethylenediamine functionalization effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with multiwall carbon nanotubes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20200921 |