CA2638454A1 - Foot support for alleviating knee pain - Google Patents
Foot support for alleviating knee pain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2638454A1 CA2638454A1 CA002638454A CA2638454A CA2638454A1 CA 2638454 A1 CA2638454 A1 CA 2638454A1 CA 002638454 A CA002638454 A CA 002638454A CA 2638454 A CA2638454 A CA 2638454A CA 2638454 A1 CA2638454 A1 CA 2638454A1
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- full
- shoe insert
- length
- wearer
- foot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
- A43B17/02—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined wedge-like or resilient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
- A43B17/14—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined made of sponge, rubber, or plastic materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/144—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the heel, i.e. the calcaneus bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
- A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
- A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
- A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
- A43B7/145—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the toes, i.e. the phalanges
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/14—Special medical insertions for shoes for flat-feet, club-feet or the like
Abstract
A foot support is disclosed. The foot support may be a shoe insert including a depression underlying the first proximal phalange and/or the first metatarsal head, a raised medial arch support, and a medial heel post.
Description
FOOT SUPPORT FOR ALLEVIATING KNEE PAIN
BACKGROUND
Knee pain is a common problem having various causes, including arthritis and sports injuries.
When knee pain sufferers are standing, walking, or running, the pain is typically heightened, as increased forces are transmitted through the knees. While known footwear and known shoe inserts can limit shock on the knees, additional knee pain relief may be sought.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 depicts a bottom view of an example foot support, according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 depicts a top view of the example foot support , according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line A-A of Figure 2.
Figure 4 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line B-B of Figure 2.
Figure 5 depicts a bottom view of the example foot support with the bones of a wearer's foot superimposed thereon.
Figure 6 depicts an isometric top perspective view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 depicts a medial side view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
BACKGROUND
Knee pain is a common problem having various causes, including arthritis and sports injuries.
When knee pain sufferers are standing, walking, or running, the pain is typically heightened, as increased forces are transmitted through the knees. While known footwear and known shoe inserts can limit shock on the knees, additional knee pain relief may be sought.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 depicts a bottom view of an example foot support, according to an example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 depicts a top view of the example foot support , according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line A-A of Figure 2.
Figure 4 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line B-B of Figure 2.
Figure 5 depicts a bottom view of the example foot support with the bones of a wearer's foot superimposed thereon.
Figure 6 depicts an isometric top perspective view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 depicts a medial side view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
Some example embodiments of the present invention have been shown to be particularly effective in alleviating knee pain when compared to other foot supports, such as many commonly available shoe inserts. A particularly effective configuration has been found to be a pre-manufactured shoe insert including a depression beneath the "big toe,"
i.e. beneath the first proximal phalange, in conjunction with a medial post of approximately 4.5 .
According to some example embodiments of the present invention, some example foot supports may be full-length pre-manufactured shoe inserts having a compressible foam body having a forefoot region configured to underly the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, where the forefoot region has a toe-lowering section that underlies at least one of a first proximal phalange and a first metatarsal head of the wearer's foot. In some examples, the body may have a heel region underlying the heel of the wearer's foot that has a medial post. In some examples, the body has a midfoot region between the forefoot region and the heel region and having a raised portion underlying the medial arch of the wearer's foot configured to support the medial arch of the wearer's foot. Some examples may have a support member underlying and coupled to the heel region and at least part of the midfoot region of the body. In some examples, the support member has greater stiffness than the body. In some examples, the support body has an aperture underlying the heel region of the body. In some examples, the body extends into the aperture.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, a raised arch support that underlies and provides support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot, and a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot. Some examples have a toe-lowering section that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot. Some examples may have a toe-lowering section that extends in a rearward direction to underlie at least the first metatarsal head. Some examples may have a depression that extends to a forward edge of a forefoot region. Some examples may have a heel region configured to underly the heel of the wearer's foot, the heel region having a medial post.
In some examples, the medial post may be between 1 and 8 . In some examples, the medial post is between 3 and 6 . In some examples, the medial post is approximately 4.5 . In some examples, the toe-lowering section includes a depression. In some examples, the depression is disposed on a bottom surface of the body, the bottom surface facing away from the wearer's foot. In some examples, the toe-lowering section has an area of greater compressibility than areas of the forefoot region adjacent to the tow-lowering section. In some examples, the body is made of a foam having a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60.
In some examples, the foam has a shore 00 hardness of approximately 47. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a substantially planar forefoot region configured to underly the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, the forefoot region having a first thickness. Some examples have a substantially planar depression region disposed in the forefoot region. In some examples, the depression region spans less than the width of the forefoot region and underlies at least one proximal phalange of the wearer's foot.
In some examples, the depression region has a second thickness, the second thickness being less than the first thickness.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot. Some examples have a depression in the forefoot region underlying at least one of the first metatarsal head and the first proximal phalange.
Some examples have a heel region that underlies the heel of the wearer's foot and has a medial post.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a forefoot region that supports at least one proximal phalange of a wearer's foot at a higher position than the first proximal phalange of a wearer's foot when weight is applied to the wearer's foot, and a heel region having a medial post.
Some example_foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, a raised arch support that underlies and provides support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot, a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot, and a heel section that inverts (i.e., supinates or inwardly rolls) the wearer's subtalar joint when the insert is worn. In some examples the heel section inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by between 1 and 8 . In some examples, the heel section inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by between 3 and 6 . Some examples have a heel section that inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by approximately 4.5 . Some examples have a body is made of a foam having a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60. In some examples, the foam has a shore 00 hardness of approximately 47. According to some examples, the body is made of a foam having a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
Foot supports include, e.g., shoe inserts, shoes with specially designed insoles, and sandals.
The primary focus, however, is on mass-produced pre-manufactured shoe inserts.
Figure 1 depicts a bottom view of an example foot support 10, according to an example embodiment of the present invention. The example foot support is a mass-produced pre-manufactured shoe insert for insertion in the shoe of the user, although it will be appreciated that the foot support may take other forms, such as, e.g., a custom orthotic, a sandal, or an insole of a shoe. The foot support 10 has a longitudinal axis L and a transverse axis T.
Along the longitudinal axis L are a forward direction F and a rearward direction R. Along the transverse axis are a medial direction M and a Lateral direction L. The foot support 10 -- dimensioned to underlie a wearer's right foot -- has a compressible foam body 20 having a medial side 30 corresponding to an inwardly facing side of the wearer's foot (i.e., the side facing, in the medial direction M, the centerline of the wearer's body), a lateral side 40 corresponding to an outwardly facing side (i.e., facing in the direction of the lateral direction L) of the wearer's foot, a forefoot region 50, a heel region 60, and a midfoot region 70. The compressible foam body 20 may have a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60, e.g., 47, and may have a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm, e.g., 80 N-mm. The foam body 20 may be manufactured from energy absorption materials or from energy rebound materials, e.g., memory foam, polyurethane foam, EVA foam., although energy absorbing materials may be preferred by some wearers.
Some example embodiments of the present invention have been shown to be particularly effective in alleviating knee pain when compared to other foot supports, such as many commonly available shoe inserts. A particularly effective configuration has been found to be a pre-manufactured shoe insert including a depression beneath the "big toe,"
i.e. beneath the first proximal phalange, in conjunction with a medial post of approximately 4.5 .
According to some example embodiments of the present invention, some example foot supports may be full-length pre-manufactured shoe inserts having a compressible foam body having a forefoot region configured to underly the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, where the forefoot region has a toe-lowering section that underlies at least one of a first proximal phalange and a first metatarsal head of the wearer's foot. In some examples, the body may have a heel region underlying the heel of the wearer's foot that has a medial post. In some examples, the body has a midfoot region between the forefoot region and the heel region and having a raised portion underlying the medial arch of the wearer's foot configured to support the medial arch of the wearer's foot. Some examples may have a support member underlying and coupled to the heel region and at least part of the midfoot region of the body. In some examples, the support member has greater stiffness than the body. In some examples, the support body has an aperture underlying the heel region of the body. In some examples, the body extends into the aperture.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, a raised arch support that underlies and provides support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot, and a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot. Some examples have a toe-lowering section that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot. Some examples may have a toe-lowering section that extends in a rearward direction to underlie at least the first metatarsal head. Some examples may have a depression that extends to a forward edge of a forefoot region. Some examples may have a heel region configured to underly the heel of the wearer's foot, the heel region having a medial post.
In some examples, the medial post may be between 1 and 8 . In some examples, the medial post is between 3 and 6 . In some examples, the medial post is approximately 4.5 . In some examples, the toe-lowering section includes a depression. In some examples, the depression is disposed on a bottom surface of the body, the bottom surface facing away from the wearer's foot. In some examples, the toe-lowering section has an area of greater compressibility than areas of the forefoot region adjacent to the tow-lowering section. In some examples, the body is made of a foam having a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60.
In some examples, the foam has a shore 00 hardness of approximately 47. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a substantially planar forefoot region configured to underly the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, the forefoot region having a first thickness. Some examples have a substantially planar depression region disposed in the forefoot region. In some examples, the depression region spans less than the width of the forefoot region and underlies at least one proximal phalange of the wearer's foot.
In some examples, the depression region has a second thickness, the second thickness being less than the first thickness.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot. Some examples have a depression in the forefoot region underlying at least one of the first metatarsal head and the first proximal phalange.
Some examples have a heel region that underlies the heel of the wearer's foot and has a medial post.
Some example foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a forefoot region that supports at least one proximal phalange of a wearer's foot at a higher position than the first proximal phalange of a wearer's foot when weight is applied to the wearer's foot, and a heel region having a medial post.
Some example_foot supports, according to some example embodiments of the present invention, may have a body having a forefoot region that underlies the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, a raised arch support that underlies and provides support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot, a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region that underlies at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot, and a heel section that inverts (i.e., supinates or inwardly rolls) the wearer's subtalar joint when the insert is worn. In some examples the heel section inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by between 1 and 8 . In some examples, the heel section inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by between 3 and 6 . Some examples have a heel section that inverts the wearer's subtalar joint by approximately 4.5 . Some examples have a body is made of a foam having a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60. In some examples, the foam has a shore 00 hardness of approximately 47. According to some examples, the body is made of a foam having a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm. In some examples, the foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
Foot supports include, e.g., shoe inserts, shoes with specially designed insoles, and sandals.
The primary focus, however, is on mass-produced pre-manufactured shoe inserts.
Figure 1 depicts a bottom view of an example foot support 10, according to an example embodiment of the present invention. The example foot support is a mass-produced pre-manufactured shoe insert for insertion in the shoe of the user, although it will be appreciated that the foot support may take other forms, such as, e.g., a custom orthotic, a sandal, or an insole of a shoe. The foot support 10 has a longitudinal axis L and a transverse axis T.
Along the longitudinal axis L are a forward direction F and a rearward direction R. Along the transverse axis are a medial direction M and a Lateral direction L. The foot support 10 -- dimensioned to underlie a wearer's right foot -- has a compressible foam body 20 having a medial side 30 corresponding to an inwardly facing side of the wearer's foot (i.e., the side facing, in the medial direction M, the centerline of the wearer's body), a lateral side 40 corresponding to an outwardly facing side (i.e., facing in the direction of the lateral direction L) of the wearer's foot, a forefoot region 50, a heel region 60, and a midfoot region 70. The compressible foam body 20 may have a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60, e.g., 47, and may have a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm, e.g., 80 N-mm. The foam body 20 may be manufactured from energy absorption materials or from energy rebound materials, e.g., memory foam, polyurethane foam, EVA foam., although energy absorbing materials may be preferred by some wearers.
5 In the forefoot region 50 is a toe-lowering section 80 that underlies the first proximal phalange of the wearer's foot. The toe-lowering operates to maintain a position of at least one of the first proximal phalange and the first metatarsal head below the position of other proximal phalanges and/or metatarsal heads. Although the toe-lowering section of Figure 1 is a depression on the bottom of the foot support, it will be appreciated that the depression can alternatively be formed on the top of the support, or the foot support can include depressions on both the top and bottom surfaces thereof. The toe-lowering section 80 depicted in Figure 1 has an angled shoulder 90 that forms an interface with the thicker surrounding material.
The toe-lowering section 80 extends in a forward direction to a forward edge 100 of the forefoot region 50. It will be appreciated, however, that the toe-lowering section 80 may be formed to end short of the forward edge 100. The ,toe-lowering section 80 extends laterally to a medial side edge 110 of the forefoot region 50. It will be appreciated, however, that the toe-lowering section 80 may be formed to end short of the medial side edge 110. On the bottom surface of the body is a support member 120 that underlies the heel region 60 and part of the midfoot region 70. Support member 120 may be formed from a material having a flexural modulus of between 10,000 and 20,000 kg/cm2, e.g., 14,600 kg/cm2. A
support member may be used to provide additional support to the wearer's foot, for example, in the heel and medial arch areas. Although the support member 120 depicted in Figure 1 is a single element that underlies the heel region 60 and part of the midfoot region 70, it will be appreciated that the support member 120 can extend to a underlie a greater or lesser extent of the wearer's foot, and that the support member 120 can contain separate or spaced-apart elements. The support member 120 has an aperture 130 at a centrally disposed location of the heel region 60, directly underlying the heel of the wearer's foot. The aperture may be sized appropriately to support the calcaneous of the wearer's foot. While the aperture 130 depicted in Figure 1 is elliptical in shape, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments the aperture 130 may be of any shape, such as, for example, a circle or polygon.
It will be further appreciated that, although the aperture 130 depicted in Figure 1 has a closed periphery, an open periphery may be employed. For example, according to other embodiments, the support member 120 could be designed such that the regions running along the medial and lateral sides of the aperture 130 do not meet at the rearward section of the aperture 130. The example foot support depicted in Figure 1 is a shoe insert. However, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the foot support may be any device that supports the feet, such as, for example, shoes with specially designed insoles and sandals.
The toe-lowering section 80 extends in a forward direction to a forward edge 100 of the forefoot region 50. It will be appreciated, however, that the toe-lowering section 80 may be formed to end short of the forward edge 100. The ,toe-lowering section 80 extends laterally to a medial side edge 110 of the forefoot region 50. It will be appreciated, however, that the toe-lowering section 80 may be formed to end short of the medial side edge 110. On the bottom surface of the body is a support member 120 that underlies the heel region 60 and part of the midfoot region 70. Support member 120 may be formed from a material having a flexural modulus of between 10,000 and 20,000 kg/cm2, e.g., 14,600 kg/cm2. A
support member may be used to provide additional support to the wearer's foot, for example, in the heel and medial arch areas. Although the support member 120 depicted in Figure 1 is a single element that underlies the heel region 60 and part of the midfoot region 70, it will be appreciated that the support member 120 can extend to a underlie a greater or lesser extent of the wearer's foot, and that the support member 120 can contain separate or spaced-apart elements. The support member 120 has an aperture 130 at a centrally disposed location of the heel region 60, directly underlying the heel of the wearer's foot. The aperture may be sized appropriately to support the calcaneous of the wearer's foot. While the aperture 130 depicted in Figure 1 is elliptical in shape, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments the aperture 130 may be of any shape, such as, for example, a circle or polygon.
It will be further appreciated that, although the aperture 130 depicted in Figure 1 has a closed periphery, an open periphery may be employed. For example, according to other embodiments, the support member 120 could be designed such that the regions running along the medial and lateral sides of the aperture 130 do not meet at the rearward section of the aperture 130. The example foot support depicted in Figure 1 is a shoe insert. However, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the foot support may be any device that supports the feet, such as, for example, shoes with specially designed insoles and sandals.
While Figure 1 depicts a foot support where the toe-lowering section is a depression, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, other configurations can serve a similar purpose.
For example, a cutout could be used instead of a depression. Alternatively, an area of material having greater compressibility could be provided in the toe-lowering region, compared to an area of the forefoot region adjacent the toe-lowering surface.
For example, the toe-lowering region could be formed from a softer orznore compressible foam. so that the toe is effectively lowered when the wearer's foot is supported by the insole, because the region under the toe is compressed more than the surrounding area.
In the forefoot region 50 are a plurality of cut lines 151 shaped and sized to roughly approximate the inner boundary of multiple shoe sizes. If, for example, the foot support 10 is a shoe insert, this may be used to allow the wearer to trim the foot support to fit his or her particular foot size. To further accommodate different foot sizes, the toe-lowering section 80 may be dimensioned such that it extends rearwardly far enough to underlie the first phalanges or the first phalanges and the first metatarsal heads of wearers of at least two different shoe sizes. In embodiments configured to accommodate multiple sizes of wearers with the same insole model, trimming lines may be provided. It will be appreciated that the example embodiment shown in the figure, a single size insert is configured for use in a broad range of shoe sizes. Thus, the toe-lowering section 80 is configured to underlie the first metatarsal heads of most wearers across a broad range of sizes, although depending on the exact size and anatomy of a particular wearers foot, the depression may only partially underlie the metatarsal head, and in some extreme cases the depression may not actually reach the metatarsal head. It will be appreciated that the number of such cases can be further reduced by having a greater range of sizes for the example insole, although this would come at a cost of having additional models.
Figure 2 depicts a top view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention. The recess 80 and the support member 120 are indicated by broken lines. The ratio of the length of the length of the support member 120 to the length of the foot support 10 may be between 0.3 and 0.56, e.g., 0.43.
Figure 3 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line A-A of Figure 2. The foot support 10 has an upper surface 140 and a lower surface 150. Although the upper surface 140 and the lower = 7 surface 150 are planar as depicted in Figure 2, it will be appreciated that other embodiments may employ other surface geometries, such as a curvature or multiple curvatures to correspond to the lower surface of the wearer's foot. The toe-lowering section 80 has a depression lower surface 160 in a depression region 170. Although Figure 2 depicts a planar depression on the bottom side of the foot support 10, it will be appreciated that other embodiments may use other configurations, such as, for example, a curved depression on top side of the foot support 10 corresponding to the shape of the wearer's first phalange and/or first metatarsal head, a planar depression on the top side, and/or a curved depression on the bottom side. The lower surface 150 interfaces with the depression lower surface 160 at the shoulder 90. Although Figure 3 depicts a shoulder 90 that is angled, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the shoulder may be curved or formed at a right angle to the lower surface 150, or have any other configuration. The ratio of the thickness of the foam in the depression region 80 to the thickness .of the foam in the remainder of the forefoot region may be between 0.2 and 0.9, e.g., 0.8.
Figure 4 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line B-B of Figure 2. The foot support has a medial post with an angle O, as illustrated in the drawing.. The foot-contacting upper surface 140 of the foot support 10 is inclined from the lateral side 40 to the medial side 30 with respect to horizontal. A medial post may also achieved by varying the compressibility of the foot support such that the compressibility is lower on the medial side than on the lateral side.
Thus, when the wearer's foot is supported and the foam is compressed, the medial side would be at a higher position than the lateral side. The medial post may be achieved, e.g., by either raising the medial side, lowering the lateral side, decreasing the compressibility on the medial side, increasing the compressibility on the lateral side, or a combination thereof. A
medial post O of between 1 and 8 , e.g., 4.5 , may be used. It will be appreciated, however, that other degrees of medial post may be employed. The medial post may result in the inversion (i.e., supination or inward rolling) of the subtalar joint by between 1 and 8 , e.g., 4.5 . The cupped shape of the heel section may be used to provide conforming support to the wearer's foot. Figure 4 also shows the support member 120 underlying the body 20. A
portion of tho body 20 extends into the aperture 130 in the support member 120.
Figure 5 depicts a bottom view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, with the bones of a wearer's foot superimposed thereon. The toe-lowering section 80 underlies the and is substantially centered beneath the first proximal phalange 180 and extends to underlie at least a portion of the first metatarsal head 190. If the foot support is intended to be trimmed to fit different shoe sizes, the toe-lowering section may be dimensioned such that it extends to underlie the first metatarsal head of a wearer having the smallest of the shoe sizes.
Figure 6 depicts an isometric top perspective view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention. The top surface 140 has a cloth cover layer 200. This may be used to provide a durable foot-contacting surface. In the midfoot region 70 is a raised medial arch section 210 extending to the medial side 30.
This may be used to provide improved arch support. Referring again to Figure 6, the heel region 60 is cupped, which may be used to provide conforming heel support. Referring to figure 7, the raised medial arch section 210 may be raised by a distance H between 8.5 and 13 mm, e.g., 4 mm.
Testing has indicated that some example shoe inserts made according to the present invention are effective in relieving knee pain due to overpronation. In this regard, four shoe inserts according to the present invention were tested: (1) Men's Insole Version A;
(2) Women's Insole Version A; (3) Men's Insole Version B; and (4) Women's Insole Version B. Men's Insole Version A and Women's Insole Version A use a softer foam than Men's Insole Version B; and Women's Insole Version B. Version A and Version B had the same physical dimensions, and were made from the same type of foam, albeit with a slightly different formulation, resulting in a 00 hardness of approximately 47 for Version A and 00 hardness of approximately 57 for Version B.
The study was designed as a two-cell, parallel group, one week use study to subjectively assess the degree of pain relief, comfort, and fit of two men's and two women's insoles. The evaluation was a balanced study among 20 men and 23 women ages 18 - 65 years old. Male subjects had shoe sizes of 8 to 13, and female subjects had shoe sizes of 6 to 10. Subjects agreed to wear their shoes with the insoles for a minimum of 8 hours/ day for 5 days of a 7 day period. Subjects brought in two pairs of shoes to qualify for the study, and had to be willing to wear either socks or hosiery with the insoles during the test period.
Subjects were evaluated by a podiatrist to confirm that they had knee pain due to overpronation. To qualify.for the study, the subjects had to have a minimum of a 2.5 on the VAS (visual analogue scale) knee pain scale. Qualified subjects initially evaluated their degree of knee pain (due to overpronation) on a VAS scale prior to insole assignment. Once they had received their insoles and placed them in their shoes, the subjects walked for a one minute period and then reassessed their knee pain on a VAS scale.
Subjects returned to the clinic 24 hours and seven days after baseline (Day 1). They wore their insoles for 8 hours before the 24 hour visit and they wore the insoles for a minimum of 8 hours a day for five of the seven days. Subjects used VAS scales to record the degree of knee pain. A subjective assessment of various attributes such as comfort and fit were gathered using a questionnaire. Subjects returned their insoles and their completed Daily Diaries before being released from the study.
Subjects self-assessed their degree of knee pain at baseline before using the insoles, then at one minute, 24 hours, and one week after receiving the insoles. In each evaluation, subjects had been on their feet for an 8 hour day. Subjects used a 10 centimeter VAS
scale to rate pain, where 0 = no pain and 10 = the worst possible pain. Measured VAS
evaluations were converted to numerical values. Mean changes from baseline were analyzed using a paired t-test. The mean values for the VAS ratings are summarized in table 1.
TABLE 1: Knee pain assessments at various time points (mean values) VAS Men's Insole Men's Insole Ratings** Version A/ Version B/
Women's Insole Women's Insole Version A Version B
(n=22) (n=21) Baseline Left 4.11 4.46 Knee Baseline Right 5.05 4.64 Knee 1 minute Left 3.63* 3.94*
Knee 1 minute 3.83* 4.50*
Right Knee 24 hours Left 3.84* 3.50*
Knee -24 hours 3.90* 4.13*
Right Knee Week 1 Left 3.01* 2.77*
Knee Week 1 Right 2.80* 2.77*
Knee 5 * Statistically significant decrease (improvement) compared to baseline (p 0.05) **VAS ratings: 0= no pain and 10=worst possible pain As can be noted in the table above, there were statistically significant reductions in pain for both versions of the insoles at 1 minute, 24 hours, and 1 week.
10 Several embodiments of the present invention are specifically described herein. However, it will be appreciated that modifications and variations of the present invention are covered by the above teachings and within the purview of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.
For example, a cutout could be used instead of a depression. Alternatively, an area of material having greater compressibility could be provided in the toe-lowering region, compared to an area of the forefoot region adjacent the toe-lowering surface.
For example, the toe-lowering region could be formed from a softer orznore compressible foam. so that the toe is effectively lowered when the wearer's foot is supported by the insole, because the region under the toe is compressed more than the surrounding area.
In the forefoot region 50 are a plurality of cut lines 151 shaped and sized to roughly approximate the inner boundary of multiple shoe sizes. If, for example, the foot support 10 is a shoe insert, this may be used to allow the wearer to trim the foot support to fit his or her particular foot size. To further accommodate different foot sizes, the toe-lowering section 80 may be dimensioned such that it extends rearwardly far enough to underlie the first phalanges or the first phalanges and the first metatarsal heads of wearers of at least two different shoe sizes. In embodiments configured to accommodate multiple sizes of wearers with the same insole model, trimming lines may be provided. It will be appreciated that the example embodiment shown in the figure, a single size insert is configured for use in a broad range of shoe sizes. Thus, the toe-lowering section 80 is configured to underlie the first metatarsal heads of most wearers across a broad range of sizes, although depending on the exact size and anatomy of a particular wearers foot, the depression may only partially underlie the metatarsal head, and in some extreme cases the depression may not actually reach the metatarsal head. It will be appreciated that the number of such cases can be further reduced by having a greater range of sizes for the example insole, although this would come at a cost of having additional models.
Figure 2 depicts a top view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention. The recess 80 and the support member 120 are indicated by broken lines. The ratio of the length of the length of the support member 120 to the length of the foot support 10 may be between 0.3 and 0.56, e.g., 0.43.
Figure 3 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line A-A of Figure 2. The foot support 10 has an upper surface 140 and a lower surface 150. Although the upper surface 140 and the lower = 7 surface 150 are planar as depicted in Figure 2, it will be appreciated that other embodiments may employ other surface geometries, such as a curvature or multiple curvatures to correspond to the lower surface of the wearer's foot. The toe-lowering section 80 has a depression lower surface 160 in a depression region 170. Although Figure 2 depicts a planar depression on the bottom side of the foot support 10, it will be appreciated that other embodiments may use other configurations, such as, for example, a curved depression on top side of the foot support 10 corresponding to the shape of the wearer's first phalange and/or first metatarsal head, a planar depression on the top side, and/or a curved depression on the bottom side. The lower surface 150 interfaces with the depression lower surface 160 at the shoulder 90. Although Figure 3 depicts a shoulder 90 that is angled, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the shoulder may be curved or formed at a right angle to the lower surface 150, or have any other configuration. The ratio of the thickness of the foam in the depression region 80 to the thickness .of the foam in the remainder of the forefoot region may be between 0.2 and 0.9, e.g., 0.8.
Figure 4 depicts a cross-sectional view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, along line B-B of Figure 2. The foot support has a medial post with an angle O, as illustrated in the drawing.. The foot-contacting upper surface 140 of the foot support 10 is inclined from the lateral side 40 to the medial side 30 with respect to horizontal. A medial post may also achieved by varying the compressibility of the foot support such that the compressibility is lower on the medial side than on the lateral side.
Thus, when the wearer's foot is supported and the foam is compressed, the medial side would be at a higher position than the lateral side. The medial post may be achieved, e.g., by either raising the medial side, lowering the lateral side, decreasing the compressibility on the medial side, increasing the compressibility on the lateral side, or a combination thereof. A
medial post O of between 1 and 8 , e.g., 4.5 , may be used. It will be appreciated, however, that other degrees of medial post may be employed. The medial post may result in the inversion (i.e., supination or inward rolling) of the subtalar joint by between 1 and 8 , e.g., 4.5 . The cupped shape of the heel section may be used to provide conforming support to the wearer's foot. Figure 4 also shows the support member 120 underlying the body 20. A
portion of tho body 20 extends into the aperture 130 in the support member 120.
Figure 5 depicts a bottom view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention, with the bones of a wearer's foot superimposed thereon. The toe-lowering section 80 underlies the and is substantially centered beneath the first proximal phalange 180 and extends to underlie at least a portion of the first metatarsal head 190. If the foot support is intended to be trimmed to fit different shoe sizes, the toe-lowering section may be dimensioned such that it extends to underlie the first metatarsal head of a wearer having the smallest of the shoe sizes.
Figure 6 depicts an isometric top perspective view of the example foot support, according to the example embodiment of the present invention. The top surface 140 has a cloth cover layer 200. This may be used to provide a durable foot-contacting surface. In the midfoot region 70 is a raised medial arch section 210 extending to the medial side 30.
This may be used to provide improved arch support. Referring again to Figure 6, the heel region 60 is cupped, which may be used to provide conforming heel support. Referring to figure 7, the raised medial arch section 210 may be raised by a distance H between 8.5 and 13 mm, e.g., 4 mm.
Testing has indicated that some example shoe inserts made according to the present invention are effective in relieving knee pain due to overpronation. In this regard, four shoe inserts according to the present invention were tested: (1) Men's Insole Version A;
(2) Women's Insole Version A; (3) Men's Insole Version B; and (4) Women's Insole Version B. Men's Insole Version A and Women's Insole Version A use a softer foam than Men's Insole Version B; and Women's Insole Version B. Version A and Version B had the same physical dimensions, and were made from the same type of foam, albeit with a slightly different formulation, resulting in a 00 hardness of approximately 47 for Version A and 00 hardness of approximately 57 for Version B.
The study was designed as a two-cell, parallel group, one week use study to subjectively assess the degree of pain relief, comfort, and fit of two men's and two women's insoles. The evaluation was a balanced study among 20 men and 23 women ages 18 - 65 years old. Male subjects had shoe sizes of 8 to 13, and female subjects had shoe sizes of 6 to 10. Subjects agreed to wear their shoes with the insoles for a minimum of 8 hours/ day for 5 days of a 7 day period. Subjects brought in two pairs of shoes to qualify for the study, and had to be willing to wear either socks or hosiery with the insoles during the test period.
Subjects were evaluated by a podiatrist to confirm that they had knee pain due to overpronation. To qualify.for the study, the subjects had to have a minimum of a 2.5 on the VAS (visual analogue scale) knee pain scale. Qualified subjects initially evaluated their degree of knee pain (due to overpronation) on a VAS scale prior to insole assignment. Once they had received their insoles and placed them in their shoes, the subjects walked for a one minute period and then reassessed their knee pain on a VAS scale.
Subjects returned to the clinic 24 hours and seven days after baseline (Day 1). They wore their insoles for 8 hours before the 24 hour visit and they wore the insoles for a minimum of 8 hours a day for five of the seven days. Subjects used VAS scales to record the degree of knee pain. A subjective assessment of various attributes such as comfort and fit were gathered using a questionnaire. Subjects returned their insoles and their completed Daily Diaries before being released from the study.
Subjects self-assessed their degree of knee pain at baseline before using the insoles, then at one minute, 24 hours, and one week after receiving the insoles. In each evaluation, subjects had been on their feet for an 8 hour day. Subjects used a 10 centimeter VAS
scale to rate pain, where 0 = no pain and 10 = the worst possible pain. Measured VAS
evaluations were converted to numerical values. Mean changes from baseline were analyzed using a paired t-test. The mean values for the VAS ratings are summarized in table 1.
TABLE 1: Knee pain assessments at various time points (mean values) VAS Men's Insole Men's Insole Ratings** Version A/ Version B/
Women's Insole Women's Insole Version A Version B
(n=22) (n=21) Baseline Left 4.11 4.46 Knee Baseline Right 5.05 4.64 Knee 1 minute Left 3.63* 3.94*
Knee 1 minute 3.83* 4.50*
Right Knee 24 hours Left 3.84* 3.50*
Knee -24 hours 3.90* 4.13*
Right Knee Week 1 Left 3.01* 2.77*
Knee Week 1 Right 2.80* 2.77*
Knee 5 * Statistically significant decrease (improvement) compared to baseline (p 0.05) **VAS ratings: 0= no pain and 10=worst possible pain As can be noted in the table above, there were statistically significant reductions in pain for both versions of the insoles at 1 minute, 24 hours, and 1 week.
10 Several embodiments of the present invention are specifically described herein. However, it will be appreciated that modifications and variations of the present invention are covered by the above teachings and within the purview of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.
Claims (35)
1. A full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert, comprising:
a compressible foam body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, the forefoot region having a toe-lowering section configured to underlie at least one of a first proximal phalange, a first distal phalange, and a first metatarsal head of a wearer's foot, a heel region configured to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot, the heel region having a medial post, and a midfoot region disposed between the forefoot region and the heel region, the midfoot region having a raised portion configured to underlie the medial arch of the wearer's foot; and a support member underlying and coupled to the heel region and at least part of the midfoot region of the body, the support member having greater stiffness than the compressible foam body;
wherein the support body has an aperture underlying the heel region of the body, the body extending into the aperture.
a compressible foam body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot, the forefoot region having a toe-lowering section configured to underlie at least one of a first proximal phalange, a first distal phalange, and a first metatarsal head of a wearer's foot, a heel region configured to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot, the heel region having a medial post, and a midfoot region disposed between the forefoot region and the heel region, the midfoot region having a raised portion configured to underlie the medial arch of the wearer's foot; and a support member underlying and coupled to the heel region and at least part of the midfoot region of the body, the support member having greater stiffness than the compressible foam body;
wherein the support body has an aperture underlying the heel region of the body, the body extending into the aperture.
2. A full-length shoe insert, comprising:
a body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot;
a raised arch support configured to underlie and provide support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot; and a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot.
a body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot;
a raised arch support configured to underlie and provide support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot; and a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot.
3. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, wherein the toe-lowering section extends in a rearward direction to at least the first metatarsal head.
4. The full-length shoe insert of claim 3, wherein the toe-lowering section extends to a forward edge of the forefoot region.
5. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, further comprising a heel region configured to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot, the heel region having a medial post.
6. The full-length shoe insert of claim 5, wherein the medial post is between 1° and 8°.
7. The full-length shoe insert of claim 6, wherein the medial post is between 3° and 6.°.
8. The full-length shoe insert of claim 7, wherein the medial post is approximately 4.5°.
9. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, wherein the toe-lowering section comprises a depression.
10. The full-length shoe insert of claim 9, wherein the depression is disposed on a bottom surface of the body, the bottom surface configured to face away from the wearer's foot.
11. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, wherein the toe-lowering section comprises an area formed from a material of greater compressibility than areas of the forefoot region adjacent to the tow-lowering section.
12. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, wherein the body is made of a foam having a shore 00 hardness between 40 and 60.
13. The full-length shoe insert of claim 12, wherein the foam has a shore OO
hardness of approximately 47.
hardness of approximately 47.
14. The full-length shoe insert of claim 2, wherein the body is made of a foam having a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm.
15. The full-length shoe insert of claim 14, wherein foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
16. A shoe insert, comprising:
a forefoot region configured to underlie at least part of a wearer's foot;
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least one of the first metatarsal head and the first proximal phalange;
an arch support configured to underlie and support the wearer's medial arch;
a heel region configured to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot; and a medial post in the heel region.
a forefoot region configured to underlie at least part of a wearer's foot;
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least one of the first metatarsal head and the first proximal phalange;
an arch support configured to underlie and support the wearer's medial arch;
a heel region configured to underlie the heel of the wearer's foot; and a medial post in the heel region.
17. The shoe insert of claim 16, wherein the shoe insert is a full-length shoe insert.
18. The shoe insert of claim 17, further comprising at least one cut line, wherein the at least one cut line corresponds to a respective shoe size, such that the shoe insert may fit multiple shoe sizes.
19. The shoe insert of claim 18, wherein the toe-lowering section is configured to underlie the first metatarsal head of the wearer, the wearer's foot corresponding to the smallest of the multiple shoe sizes.
20. A full-length shoe insert, comprising:
a body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot;
a raised arch support configured to underlie and provide support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot;
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot; and a heel section configured to invert the wearer's subtalar joint when the insert is worn.
a body having a forefoot region configured to underlie the metatarsal heads and proximal phalanges of a wearer's foot;
a raised arch support configured to underlie and provide support to the medial arch of the wearer's foot;
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot; and a heel section configured to invert the wearer's subtalar joint when the insert is worn.
21. The full-length shoe insert of claim 20, wherein the heel section is configured to invert the wearer's subtalar joint by between 1° and 8°.
22. The full-length shoe insert of claim 21, wherein the heel section is configured to invert the wearer's subtalar joint by between 3° and 6°.
23. The full-length shoe insert of claim 22, wherein the heel section is configured to invert the wearer's subtalar joint by approximately 4.5°.
24. The full-length shoe insert of claim 20, wherein the body is made of a foam having a shore OO hardness between 40 and 60.
25. The full-length shoe insert of claim 24, wherein the foam has a shore OO
hardness of approximately 47.
hardness of approximately 47.
26. The full-length shoe insert of claim 20, wherein the body is made of a foam having a cushioning energy of between 50 and 200 N-mm.
27. The full-length shoe insert of claim 26, wherein foam has a cushioning energy of approximately 80 N-mm.
28. A full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert, comprising:
a full-length compressible foam body having a shore OO hardness less than 60;
and a heel region having a medial post.
a full-length compressible foam body having a shore OO hardness less than 60;
and a heel region having a medial post.
29. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 28, wherein the shore OO
hardness is approximately 47.
hardness is approximately 47.
30. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 28, wherein the shore OO
hardness is 47.
hardness is 47.
31. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 28, wherein the medial post is between 1° and 8°.
32. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 31, wherein the medial post is between 3° and 6°.
33. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 32, wherein the medial post is approximately 4.5°.
34. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 28, further comprising:
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first-proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot.
a toe-lowering section in the forefoot region configured to underlie at least the first-proximal phalange but less than all of the proximal phalanges of the wearer's foot.
35. The full-length pre-manufactured shoe insert of claim 34, wherein the toe-lowering section includes a depression in at least one of the top and the bottom of the full-length compressible foam body.
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| US11/833,387 | 2007-08-03 | ||
| US11/833,387 US20090031583A1 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Foot Support For Alleviating Knee Pain |
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|---|---|
| CA2638454A1 true CA2638454A1 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
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ID=39767345
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| CA002638454A Abandoned CA2638454A1 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2008-07-31 | Foot support for alleviating knee pain |
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| CA (1) | CA2638454A1 (en) |
| GB (3) | GB2451739B (en) |
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| US10292454B2 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2019-05-21 | Ossur Iceland, ehf | Lateral wedge |
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-
2007
- 2007-08-03 US US11/833,387 patent/US20090031583A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-07-31 CA CA002638454A patent/CA2638454A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-01 MX MX2008010019A patent/MX2008010019A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-08-01 GB GB0814072A patent/GB2451739B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-01 GB GB1021878.2A patent/GB2474975B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-01 GB GB1021880.8A patent/GB2474976B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-09-27 HK HK11110166.4A patent/HK1155622A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-09-27 HK HK11110167.3A patent/HK1155623A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2474975A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
| HK1155623A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
| GB2451739A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| GB2474975B (en) | 2012-03-07 |
| GB2451739B (en) | 2011-03-09 |
| US20090031583A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
| GB0814072D0 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
| GB201021880D0 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
| HK1155622A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
| MX2008010019A (en) | 2009-05-08 |
| GB2474976B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
| GB201021878D0 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
| GB2474976A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20140731 |