CA2387019C - Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes - Google Patents
Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2387019C CA2387019C CA2387019A CA2387019A CA2387019C CA 2387019 C CA2387019 C CA 2387019C CA 2387019 A CA2387019 A CA 2387019A CA 2387019 A CA2387019 A CA 2387019A CA 2387019 C CA2387019 C CA 2387019C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- group
- product
- carbon product
- modified carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 53
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 sulfophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- QECVIPBZOPUTRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=S(=O)=O Chemical group N=S(=O)=O QECVIPBZOPUTRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 112
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 100
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 62
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 12
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 8
- VIUDTWATMPPKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 VIUDTWATMPPKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZUROCNHARMFRKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dibromo-1h-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=C(Br)N1 ZUROCNHARMFRKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101100431668 Homo sapiens YBX3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen dioxide Chemical compound O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 102100022221 Y-box-binding protein 3 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NVJHHSJKESILSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].N1C(C=C2N=C(C=C3NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 Chemical compound [Co].N1C(C=C2N=C(C=C3NC(=C4)C=C3)C=C2)=CC=C1C=C1C=CC4=N1 NVJHHSJKESILSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005496 phosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006074 SO2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-AKLPVKDBSA-N carbane Chemical compound [15CH4] VNWKTOKETHGBQD-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N carbon-10 atom Chemical compound [10C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SLFVYFOEHHLHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound FC(F)(F)NC1=CC=CC=C1 SLFVYFOEHHLHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000626 sulfinic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2991—Coated
- Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/416,088 US6399202B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 1999-10-12 | Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes |
| US09/416,088 | 1999-10-12 | ||
| PCT/US2000/028008 WO2001028015A1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2387019A1 CA2387019A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| CA2387019C true CA2387019C (en) | 2010-09-21 |
Family
ID=23648484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2387019A Expired - Fee Related CA2387019C (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6399202B1 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1226616A1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP5432424B2 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR100772257B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN1208863C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU8007500A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2387019C (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2001028015A1 (https=) |
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| WO2003100883A2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2003-12-04 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Conducting polymer-grafted carbon material for fuel cell applications |
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| US20060068987A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Srinivas Bollepalli | Carbon supported catalyst having reduced water retention |
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| KR100813240B1 (ko) | 2005-02-18 | 2008-03-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
| JP5057261B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-25 | 2012-10-24 | 東海カーボン株式会社 | カーボンブラック水性分散体及びその製造方法 |
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| US8022238B2 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2011-09-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Phosphate surfactants |
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| JP5940153B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-22 | 2016-06-29 | キャボット コーポレイションＣａｂｏｔ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ | 特殊なパーコレーション挙動を有する高抵抗コーティング組成物ならびにそれを含む静電画像現像システムおよびその部品 |
| US20130288006A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-31 | Anna C. Greene | Laser-engraveable elements and method of use |
| WO2014098917A1 (en) * | 2012-12-23 | 2014-06-26 | United Technologies Corporation | Carbon electrode and method therefor |
| FR3031917A1 (fr) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-07-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de greffage d'un substrat en carbone, et utilisation de ce substrat dans une pile a combustible |
| CN104730115A (zh) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-24 | 西南大学 | 基于仿生蜂窝碳气凝胶材料的新型生物及气体传感器 |
| JP6548954B2 (ja) | 2015-05-21 | 2019-07-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 還元触媒及び化学反応装置 |
| CA2985660C (fr) | 2015-05-27 | 2023-03-07 | Hydro-Quebec | Procede pour la protection de materiaux d'electrode contre l'humidite |
| CN107640756B (zh) * | 2016-12-01 | 2020-01-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 多介孔疏水碳气凝胶材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106957095A (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-18 | 上海大学 | 用于去除水中铜离子的复合改性活性炭电极及其制备方法 |
| JP2019081667A (ja) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-30 | 旭化成株式会社 | 窒素含有炭素材料及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いた燃料電池電極 |
| JP7029420B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-21 | 2022-03-03 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素電解セル用電極触媒層、ならびにそれを具備する、電解セルおよび二酸化炭素電解用電解装置 |
| CN110492124B (zh) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-11-13 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种高导电性疏水气体扩散层及其制备方法 |
| CN110444769A (zh) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 珠海冠宇电池有限公司 | 一种高导电性超疏水气体扩散层及其制备方法 |
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-
1999
- 1999-10-12 US US09/416,088 patent/US6399202B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-10-10 CA CA2387019A patent/CA2387019C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-10 EP EP00970741A patent/EP1226616A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-10-10 AU AU80075/00A patent/AU8007500A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-10 KR KR1020027004629A patent/KR100772257B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-10 JP JP2001530134A patent/JP5432424B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-10 CN CNB008142386A patent/CN1208863C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-10 WO PCT/US2000/028008 patent/WO2001028015A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1208863C (zh) | 2005-06-29 |
| JP2003515872A (ja) | 2003-05-07 |
| JP5432424B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
| US6399202B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
| CA2387019A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| AU8007500A (en) | 2001-04-23 |
| KR20020048961A (ko) | 2002-06-24 |
| EP1226616A1 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
| WO2001028015A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| CN1379917A (zh) | 2002-11-13 |
| KR100772257B1 (ko) | 2007-11-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20161011 |