CA2367386A1 - Power converter with rotating/stationary communication/processing means - Google Patents
Power converter with rotating/stationary communication/processing means Download PDFInfo
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- CA2367386A1 CA2367386A1 CA002367386A CA2367386A CA2367386A1 CA 2367386 A1 CA2367386 A1 CA 2367386A1 CA 002367386 A CA002367386 A CA 002367386A CA 2367386 A CA2367386 A CA 2367386A CA 2367386 A1 CA2367386 A1 CA 2367386A1
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- converter
- rotor
- rotating
- shaft
- alternating current
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940034880 tencon Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H04B5/266—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0061—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning transmission of signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
- H02K19/26—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings
- H02K19/28—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings for self-excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
- H02K19/36—Structural association of synchronous generators with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of the generator or controlling the generator, e.g. with impedances or switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a power converter which comprises an electric machine (1, 2) with a digital processor (12), rotating with the shaft of the machine, which digital processor together with a stationary digital processor (13), via a wireless digital communication link (14, 15, 16, 17), digitally control a converter (4) rotating with the shaft.
Description
Power converter with rotating/stationary communication/
processing means.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method for power conversion between mechanical and electric power and conversion between electric and mechanical power, and to devices for carrying out the method. The power conversion is performed with the aid of a power converter which comprises at least one rotating electric machine with a mechanical shaft and - at least one digital processor which rotates with the shaft and which together with at least one stationary digital processor performs control, etc.
- at least one static converter rotating with the shaft, and - at least one digital wireless communication link between rotating and stationary parts.
The power converter is intended to be connected to an external power network or may operate as a sole electric generator for supplying a power network. When connected to an external power network, the power converter may gene-rate a frequency which is synchronous with the existing power network also at a varying speed of rotation of the electric machine. When the power converter is the sole power feeder to a power network, that is, so-called separate operation, it may generate a constant "synchron-ous" mains frequency also at a varying speed of rotation.
BACKGROUND ART
Generally, the following applies to alternating-current machines, referred to below as ac machines, namely - that they may be designed for constant or variable speed, and - that they are able to operate in generator and/or motor mode.
There is a "background art" which is specific to the two embodiments. Ac machines, which are substantially designed for generator operation, may, however, for example during start-up, operate as a motor. Also, ac machines, which are substantially designed for motor operation, may briefly, for example during a stopping/braking process, operate as a generator. It is also known that ac machines may be designed for both generator and motor operation, for example for generator operation during the day and for motor operation for a pumping plant during the night.
Ac machines which are intended to rotate at a constant speed are designed as so-called synchronous machines, in which case the magnetization of the rotor is performed with direct current. This means that the magnetic flux in the machine is stationary relative to the rotor. This causes the rotor to rotate at a so-called synchronous speed, which is determined by the number of poles of the stator winding and the frequency of the current of the stator winding. The relationship between the speed of rotation of the rotor of an ac machine, the number of poles of the machine, and the frequency of the voltage is described in detail in Swedish patent application SE
9901553-9, "A constant-frequency machine ...". That application also describes how to proceed for achieving a constant (mains) frequency at a varying speed of an electric machine.
The synchronous machine is the totally dominating ac machine which is used both in hydroelectric and thermal plants. There are a number of reasons why this is the case, among other things, the high efficiency of the synchronous machine, its ability to operate in separate operation, that is, in power networks without other synchronous machines, as well as'its robust and cost-effective rotor design.
The principal voltage supply needed by ac machines in motor operation and the auxiliary power supply needed by ac machines in generator operation nowadays, to an in-creasing extent, take place by means of converters. For control of ac machines with associated converters, digi-tal computers are substantially used nowadays. Converters have so far normally been located stationary and have been connected between the ac machine and the power network in question, that is, the converter has sub-stantially been stationary. The same applies also to the computers which take care of the control and the feedback control.
Converters rotating with the shaft, and being in the form of ac-to-do converters, have existed on the market for some time in the form of brushless exciters for the field winding of the rotor of an ac machine. One example of such an exciter is disclosed in the ABB pamphlet "Brushless exciter" SEGEN/HM 8-001. The pamphlet shows that the converter, rotating with the shaft, is substan-tially/mostly designed with diodes and that the field current is controlled by means of an exciter, rotating with the shaft, via the stator current of the exciter.
One disadvantage of a brushless exciter, according to the described one with a converter based on diodes, is the slow dynamics of the magnetization system. When using a so-called "Power System Stabilizer", it is assumed that the magnetization system has a sufficiently short react-ion time. This is obtained if the ac-to-do converter is designed as a thyristor converter. Such a converter is used in equipment disclosed in US 3,671,850, "Electric generator control system with radio feedback loop". For control of the firing pulses of the rotating thyristor converter, radio communication is used and the control system is otherwise based on analogue technique. Here, there are no dynamics or measurement of parameters which are included in the control, as, for example, the tempe-rature-dependent resistance of the rotor winding, etc.
Swedish patent application SE 9901553-9 "A constant-frequency machine ..." describes an electric machine composed of an ac machine, which in its basic design comprises a main machine and a regulating machine with a common mechanical shaft on which a converter is arranged to rotate with the shaft. The main machine is designed with ac windings in both the stator and the rotor. The main task of the regulating machine is to provide the rotor winding of the main machine with control power/control frequency for the control range of interest as regards the speed of rotation, the frequency and the voltage of the electric machine. The regulating machine may also be utilized for a plurality of side functions, such as, for example, as starting motor for the main machine and for carrying away the starting losses of the main machine to an external resistor. The converter rotating with the shaft has also several functions, which are described in greater detail in the above-mentioned Swedish patent application. To sum up, its main task is to function as an ac-to-ac converter during operation.
During a starting cycle, it shall be able to function as an ac polyphase coupler or as an ac phase-angle controll-er/voltage controller or as an ac short-circuit coupler for the rotor winding of the regulating machine. During controlled braking and/or stopping, the converter shall be able to function as an ac phase-angle controll-er/voltage controller or as an ac polyphase coupler. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
A special embodiment of rotating electric machines is described in WO 97/45919. The high-voltage stator winding is based on cable technology. This means that no trans-former for connection to a high-voltage network is needed. Machines designed with this type of stator wind-ing are characterized in that they have very low current density in the stator conductors and in that the cooling is performed essentially at ground potential in the lami-nated core of the stator. By a suitable design of the area and/or protection device of the windings of the rotor, the machine has a good ability to generate tempo-rarily, for tens of minutes and sometimes up to several hours, very large reactive power and rotor current. One embodiment of a protection device in this connection is described in WO 98/34312. In this protection device, the temperature of the rotor is reproduced in a protective relay located in the plant. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
A special embodiment of do magnetization of_ an electric rotating machine, rotating at constant speed, is desc-ribed in a patent application, PCT/EP98/007744, for "Power Flow Control" in a transmission line. The stator windings of the electric machine are here connected in series with the conductors of the transmission line without an interconnected neutral point. The rotor of the electric machine is provided with two/three do rotor windings, displaced 90/120 electrical degrees, for control of amplitude and phase of the voltage of the electric machine. Supply of the rotor winding is per-formed via a magnetizing exciter, rotating with the shaft, and a converter/ac-to-do converter for each one of the rotor windings. The same patent application further describes a more developed "Power Flow Control" with a second electric machine, connected to the same shaft as the first electric machine, shunt-connected to the trans-mission line, the second electric machine having a con-verter/ac-to-do converter rotating with the shaft. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
During the last few decades, there has been an obvious tendency to miniaturize electronics for signal process-ing. Telecommunication may be said to be almost com-pletely digital today in all essential parts. The signal processing of the converter technology in control cir-cuits has become miniaturized in the same way such that there are chips with internal digital signal processing especially developed for converters, both as ac-to-do converters and as ac-to-ac converters. Designing such circuits with analog technique does not entail any added value since the digital resolution both as regards ampli-tude and time is sufficiently high, while at the same time the possibilities of setting and trimming the parameters of the control circuits at a distance, for example via a digital communication link, are much better.
Electric machine drives with converters rotating with the shaft entail one problem, namely in the form of a con-siderable need to be able to carry out a number of more or less complicated operations, such as calculations, decisions, storage of data, control, etc. According to the invention, these problems are overcome by means of a computer, rotating with the shaft, where all signal processing takes place in digital form. In addition, there is one problem in the form of a great need to communicate, with high precision and safety, between the computer, which rotates with the shaft, and a stationary computer for transmission of data in both directions.
According to the invention, this communication takes place by utilizing a new technology, so-called telemetry, which has so far been used for wireless communication between substantially stationary units.
Transmission of data of various kinds has long been carried out by means of communication over a wire.
Telemetry is the field of science and the technology of wireless automatic transmission of data between two terminals. The telemetry technology came into use as early as 20-30 years ago. In a summary article by J. E.
Blalock et al in Instruments and Control Systems, Vol.
51, No. 6, June 1978, pp. 45-48, "Telemetry - an easy way to check out rotating machinery", the technology of that time was summarized. In an essay by S. T. Chow and C. H.
Chew in Conference Proc. TENCON 84, an Int. Conf. on Consumer & Industrial Electronics & Applications, IEEE, New York, NY, USA, 1984, pp. 3 - 5, "Radio telemetry system for vibration measurement of rotating machinery", it is described how the resonant frequency of turbine blades varies with the speed of rotation. The signals from strain gauges on the rotor blades in the turbine were amplified, modulated and sent from rotating parts to stationary measurement and analysis instruments by frequency modulation, that is, so-called FM.
As regards electric machines, contactless measurement systems were used for transmitting temperature signals from movable parts in transformers in the supply of German railways as early as 25 years ago according to an article "A contactless measurement system for continuous recording of temperatures on rotating parts, especially in electrical machines" in Sci. Translation Service, Santa Barbara , CA, USA, Aug. 1974, 22 pp., by W. Raasch and D. Schein.
In an article "The measurement of strain on a laminated disc flywheel" by A. Owens and P. Williams, published in International Power Generation, Vol. 6, No. 6, July-Aug.
1983, pp. 24 - 27, it is described how computers are used in connection with the transfer of information from rota-ting strain gauges on flywheels.
To make possible wireless connections with a range of up to 100 metres between personal computers and pocket computers and between mobile telephones and associated peripheral units, wireless communication for that purpose has been developed at a high rate during the last few decades. There are at present licence-exempt frequency bands, for example 433 MHz and 2.45 GHz, examples of so-called Industrial-Scientific-Medical (ISM) bands, which are utilized for short-distance communication and which function in electromagnetically disturbed environments.
IEEE is currently working for standardized communication also on 5 GHz (IEEE 802.11).
The article "Bluetooth-the universal radio interface for ad hoc, wireless connectivity" in Ericsson-Review, Vol.
75, No. 3, 1998, pp. 110-117, is written by J. Haartsen and describes commercially recently available technique for digital communication. Typical data are 1 Mbit/s and the possibility of building up a so-called piconet, that is, communication with a short (< 100 m) range between different stationary units as well as connection to wire-based Local Area Networks (LAN). The connections are so-called Asynchronous Connection Links (ACL), which permit symmetrical and/or asymmetrical transmission of data between a master unit and up to seven slave units. Data may be transmitted at somewhat different speeds depending on the choice and the method of packing and protecting data messages.
Since the emissions of disturbances from converters are low in the GHz range and communication links according to the de-facto standard Bluetooth or the organizational standard IEEE 802 are strongly immune to electromagnetic interference, wireless communication with up to 721 kbit/s can be ensured between rotating and stationary parts in the power converter in question.
There are a few examples of embodiments and descriptions of problems as to how to digitally carry out measurements on rotating parts and where computers are included for both analysis and communication of information data. One example of this in connection with measurements of both mechanical and electrical quantities of rotors in hydro-electric generators is described in an article "Unique sensor applications for hydroelectric generator rotor-mounted sensor scanning technology" by J. D. Edmonds and T. L. Churchill in IEEE Technical Applications Confe-rence, Northcon/96, Conference Record (Cat. No.
96CH35928), IEEE, New York, NY, USA; pp. 73-77. The article shows that the rotor-mounted scanner of the hydroelectric generator uses a set of sensors for measuring the critical working parameters. of the stator.
Radiating thermal energy, the air gap between the stator and the rotor, radio frequency radiation and magnetic flux are measured. The combined information from the entire generator permits a continuous evaluation of the state of the generator as well as long-term analysis for maintenance planning. Further, it is stated that to be able successfully to measure parameters of a body rotating at a high speed, for transmission of information data to a central computer for presentation of valuable information to the user, coordination of a plurality of system parts is required, such as a device for mounting the sensors, supply of electronics arranged on the rotor, telemetry for two-way communication, a computer control unit as well as software for control, data conversion, analysis VDU and user VDU. In addition, the maintenance systems must function satisfactorily in a harsh environ-ment which includes high centrifugal forces, great temperature variations, mechanical vibration, oppositely directed electric and magnetic fields as well as relati-vely high speeds between the sensors and the objects to be measured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION, ADVANTAGES
As stated in the introductory part of the description, the invention relates to a power converter in the form of an electric machine with a mechanical shaft and at least one digital processor which rotates with the shaft and which, together with at least one stationary digital processor, digitally controls at least one converter rotating with the shaft, at least one digital communi-cation link being provided between rotating and statio-nary parts.
The digital processor comprises a computer which, in addition to internal control and memory functions, is provided with process-adapted software for the relevant mode of operation/working.
The digital communication link comprises a receiver/transmitter, rotating with the shaft, for receiving/transmitting digital data, connected to the processor rotating with the shaft, an aerial which rotates with the shaft, and a stationary aerial for the wireless digital transmission, as well as a stationary receiver/transmitter, connected to the stationary processor, for receiving/transmitting the above-mentioned digital data.
With the aid of a power converter according to the invention, quantities associated with the power con-verter, such as torque, speed, active power, reactive power, etc., may be controlled in a brushless manner. It is also possible, in relation to the prior art, to increase the stability of the electric power systems to which the power converter is connected. Further advan-tages of the invention are the possibilities of achieving controlled starting, operation, stopping and braking of the electric machine as well as trimming in connection with putting the machine into operation.
Otherwise, the power converter according to the invention comprises the following features:
- the wireless data transmission occurs, in a preferred embodiment, with radio-frequency, digital signals - the relevance of communicating data is ensured by combinations of models, estimations, expert systems, compression, filtering and error correction - the need of bandwidth during the communication may be reduced by communicating only the changes in certain of the data-transmitted signals.
The power conversion has an integral control system which comprises the above-mentioned rotating and stationary digital processors with brushless digital communication as well as sensors for measuring and monitoring the rele-want quantities. The processors normally operate in a master/slave relationship, with the rotating processor as a slave. The stationary processor substantially controls the power conversion, measures and monitors quantities associated with the stator of the electric machine, and communicates with other external control systems. The main task of the rotating processor is to control the converter which rotates with the shaft of the electric machine, and to measure and monitor quantities associated with the rotor of the machine.
processing means.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method for power conversion between mechanical and electric power and conversion between electric and mechanical power, and to devices for carrying out the method. The power conversion is performed with the aid of a power converter which comprises at least one rotating electric machine with a mechanical shaft and - at least one digital processor which rotates with the shaft and which together with at least one stationary digital processor performs control, etc.
- at least one static converter rotating with the shaft, and - at least one digital wireless communication link between rotating and stationary parts.
The power converter is intended to be connected to an external power network or may operate as a sole electric generator for supplying a power network. When connected to an external power network, the power converter may gene-rate a frequency which is synchronous with the existing power network also at a varying speed of rotation of the electric machine. When the power converter is the sole power feeder to a power network, that is, so-called separate operation, it may generate a constant "synchron-ous" mains frequency also at a varying speed of rotation.
BACKGROUND ART
Generally, the following applies to alternating-current machines, referred to below as ac machines, namely - that they may be designed for constant or variable speed, and - that they are able to operate in generator and/or motor mode.
There is a "background art" which is specific to the two embodiments. Ac machines, which are substantially designed for generator operation, may, however, for example during start-up, operate as a motor. Also, ac machines, which are substantially designed for motor operation, may briefly, for example during a stopping/braking process, operate as a generator. It is also known that ac machines may be designed for both generator and motor operation, for example for generator operation during the day and for motor operation for a pumping plant during the night.
Ac machines which are intended to rotate at a constant speed are designed as so-called synchronous machines, in which case the magnetization of the rotor is performed with direct current. This means that the magnetic flux in the machine is stationary relative to the rotor. This causes the rotor to rotate at a so-called synchronous speed, which is determined by the number of poles of the stator winding and the frequency of the current of the stator winding. The relationship between the speed of rotation of the rotor of an ac machine, the number of poles of the machine, and the frequency of the voltage is described in detail in Swedish patent application SE
9901553-9, "A constant-frequency machine ...". That application also describes how to proceed for achieving a constant (mains) frequency at a varying speed of an electric machine.
The synchronous machine is the totally dominating ac machine which is used both in hydroelectric and thermal plants. There are a number of reasons why this is the case, among other things, the high efficiency of the synchronous machine, its ability to operate in separate operation, that is, in power networks without other synchronous machines, as well as'its robust and cost-effective rotor design.
The principal voltage supply needed by ac machines in motor operation and the auxiliary power supply needed by ac machines in generator operation nowadays, to an in-creasing extent, take place by means of converters. For control of ac machines with associated converters, digi-tal computers are substantially used nowadays. Converters have so far normally been located stationary and have been connected between the ac machine and the power network in question, that is, the converter has sub-stantially been stationary. The same applies also to the computers which take care of the control and the feedback control.
Converters rotating with the shaft, and being in the form of ac-to-do converters, have existed on the market for some time in the form of brushless exciters for the field winding of the rotor of an ac machine. One example of such an exciter is disclosed in the ABB pamphlet "Brushless exciter" SEGEN/HM 8-001. The pamphlet shows that the converter, rotating with the shaft, is substan-tially/mostly designed with diodes and that the field current is controlled by means of an exciter, rotating with the shaft, via the stator current of the exciter.
One disadvantage of a brushless exciter, according to the described one with a converter based on diodes, is the slow dynamics of the magnetization system. When using a so-called "Power System Stabilizer", it is assumed that the magnetization system has a sufficiently short react-ion time. This is obtained if the ac-to-do converter is designed as a thyristor converter. Such a converter is used in equipment disclosed in US 3,671,850, "Electric generator control system with radio feedback loop". For control of the firing pulses of the rotating thyristor converter, radio communication is used and the control system is otherwise based on analogue technique. Here, there are no dynamics or measurement of parameters which are included in the control, as, for example, the tempe-rature-dependent resistance of the rotor winding, etc.
Swedish patent application SE 9901553-9 "A constant-frequency machine ..." describes an electric machine composed of an ac machine, which in its basic design comprises a main machine and a regulating machine with a common mechanical shaft on which a converter is arranged to rotate with the shaft. The main machine is designed with ac windings in both the stator and the rotor. The main task of the regulating machine is to provide the rotor winding of the main machine with control power/control frequency for the control range of interest as regards the speed of rotation, the frequency and the voltage of the electric machine. The regulating machine may also be utilized for a plurality of side functions, such as, for example, as starting motor for the main machine and for carrying away the starting losses of the main machine to an external resistor. The converter rotating with the shaft has also several functions, which are described in greater detail in the above-mentioned Swedish patent application. To sum up, its main task is to function as an ac-to-ac converter during operation.
During a starting cycle, it shall be able to function as an ac polyphase coupler or as an ac phase-angle controll-er/voltage controller or as an ac short-circuit coupler for the rotor winding of the regulating machine. During controlled braking and/or stopping, the converter shall be able to function as an ac phase-angle controll-er/voltage controller or as an ac polyphase coupler. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
A special embodiment of rotating electric machines is described in WO 97/45919. The high-voltage stator winding is based on cable technology. This means that no trans-former for connection to a high-voltage network is needed. Machines designed with this type of stator wind-ing are characterized in that they have very low current density in the stator conductors and in that the cooling is performed essentially at ground potential in the lami-nated core of the stator. By a suitable design of the area and/or protection device of the windings of the rotor, the machine has a good ability to generate tempo-rarily, for tens of minutes and sometimes up to several hours, very large reactive power and rotor current. One embodiment of a protection device in this connection is described in WO 98/34312. In this protection device, the temperature of the rotor is reproduced in a protective relay located in the plant. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
A special embodiment of do magnetization of_ an electric rotating machine, rotating at constant speed, is desc-ribed in a patent application, PCT/EP98/007744, for "Power Flow Control" in a transmission line. The stator windings of the electric machine are here connected in series with the conductors of the transmission line without an interconnected neutral point. The rotor of the electric machine is provided with two/three do rotor windings, displaced 90/120 electrical degrees, for control of amplitude and phase of the voltage of the electric machine. Supply of the rotor winding is per-formed via a magnetizing exciter, rotating with the shaft, and a converter/ac-to-do converter for each one of the rotor windings. The same patent application further describes a more developed "Power Flow Control" with a second electric machine, connected to the same shaft as the first electric machine, shunt-connected to the trans-mission line, the second electric machine having a con-verter/ac-to-do converter rotating with the shaft. The communication of data to and from the rotor is, however, not described.
During the last few decades, there has been an obvious tendency to miniaturize electronics for signal process-ing. Telecommunication may be said to be almost com-pletely digital today in all essential parts. The signal processing of the converter technology in control cir-cuits has become miniaturized in the same way such that there are chips with internal digital signal processing especially developed for converters, both as ac-to-do converters and as ac-to-ac converters. Designing such circuits with analog technique does not entail any added value since the digital resolution both as regards ampli-tude and time is sufficiently high, while at the same time the possibilities of setting and trimming the parameters of the control circuits at a distance, for example via a digital communication link, are much better.
Electric machine drives with converters rotating with the shaft entail one problem, namely in the form of a con-siderable need to be able to carry out a number of more or less complicated operations, such as calculations, decisions, storage of data, control, etc. According to the invention, these problems are overcome by means of a computer, rotating with the shaft, where all signal processing takes place in digital form. In addition, there is one problem in the form of a great need to communicate, with high precision and safety, between the computer, which rotates with the shaft, and a stationary computer for transmission of data in both directions.
According to the invention, this communication takes place by utilizing a new technology, so-called telemetry, which has so far been used for wireless communication between substantially stationary units.
Transmission of data of various kinds has long been carried out by means of communication over a wire.
Telemetry is the field of science and the technology of wireless automatic transmission of data between two terminals. The telemetry technology came into use as early as 20-30 years ago. In a summary article by J. E.
Blalock et al in Instruments and Control Systems, Vol.
51, No. 6, June 1978, pp. 45-48, "Telemetry - an easy way to check out rotating machinery", the technology of that time was summarized. In an essay by S. T. Chow and C. H.
Chew in Conference Proc. TENCON 84, an Int. Conf. on Consumer & Industrial Electronics & Applications, IEEE, New York, NY, USA, 1984, pp. 3 - 5, "Radio telemetry system for vibration measurement of rotating machinery", it is described how the resonant frequency of turbine blades varies with the speed of rotation. The signals from strain gauges on the rotor blades in the turbine were amplified, modulated and sent from rotating parts to stationary measurement and analysis instruments by frequency modulation, that is, so-called FM.
As regards electric machines, contactless measurement systems were used for transmitting temperature signals from movable parts in transformers in the supply of German railways as early as 25 years ago according to an article "A contactless measurement system for continuous recording of temperatures on rotating parts, especially in electrical machines" in Sci. Translation Service, Santa Barbara , CA, USA, Aug. 1974, 22 pp., by W. Raasch and D. Schein.
In an article "The measurement of strain on a laminated disc flywheel" by A. Owens and P. Williams, published in International Power Generation, Vol. 6, No. 6, July-Aug.
1983, pp. 24 - 27, it is described how computers are used in connection with the transfer of information from rota-ting strain gauges on flywheels.
To make possible wireless connections with a range of up to 100 metres between personal computers and pocket computers and between mobile telephones and associated peripheral units, wireless communication for that purpose has been developed at a high rate during the last few decades. There are at present licence-exempt frequency bands, for example 433 MHz and 2.45 GHz, examples of so-called Industrial-Scientific-Medical (ISM) bands, which are utilized for short-distance communication and which function in electromagnetically disturbed environments.
IEEE is currently working for standardized communication also on 5 GHz (IEEE 802.11).
The article "Bluetooth-the universal radio interface for ad hoc, wireless connectivity" in Ericsson-Review, Vol.
75, No. 3, 1998, pp. 110-117, is written by J. Haartsen and describes commercially recently available technique for digital communication. Typical data are 1 Mbit/s and the possibility of building up a so-called piconet, that is, communication with a short (< 100 m) range between different stationary units as well as connection to wire-based Local Area Networks (LAN). The connections are so-called Asynchronous Connection Links (ACL), which permit symmetrical and/or asymmetrical transmission of data between a master unit and up to seven slave units. Data may be transmitted at somewhat different speeds depending on the choice and the method of packing and protecting data messages.
Since the emissions of disturbances from converters are low in the GHz range and communication links according to the de-facto standard Bluetooth or the organizational standard IEEE 802 are strongly immune to electromagnetic interference, wireless communication with up to 721 kbit/s can be ensured between rotating and stationary parts in the power converter in question.
There are a few examples of embodiments and descriptions of problems as to how to digitally carry out measurements on rotating parts and where computers are included for both analysis and communication of information data. One example of this in connection with measurements of both mechanical and electrical quantities of rotors in hydro-electric generators is described in an article "Unique sensor applications for hydroelectric generator rotor-mounted sensor scanning technology" by J. D. Edmonds and T. L. Churchill in IEEE Technical Applications Confe-rence, Northcon/96, Conference Record (Cat. No.
96CH35928), IEEE, New York, NY, USA; pp. 73-77. The article shows that the rotor-mounted scanner of the hydroelectric generator uses a set of sensors for measuring the critical working parameters. of the stator.
Radiating thermal energy, the air gap between the stator and the rotor, radio frequency radiation and magnetic flux are measured. The combined information from the entire generator permits a continuous evaluation of the state of the generator as well as long-term analysis for maintenance planning. Further, it is stated that to be able successfully to measure parameters of a body rotating at a high speed, for transmission of information data to a central computer for presentation of valuable information to the user, coordination of a plurality of system parts is required, such as a device for mounting the sensors, supply of electronics arranged on the rotor, telemetry for two-way communication, a computer control unit as well as software for control, data conversion, analysis VDU and user VDU. In addition, the maintenance systems must function satisfactorily in a harsh environ-ment which includes high centrifugal forces, great temperature variations, mechanical vibration, oppositely directed electric and magnetic fields as well as relati-vely high speeds between the sensors and the objects to be measured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION, ADVANTAGES
As stated in the introductory part of the description, the invention relates to a power converter in the form of an electric machine with a mechanical shaft and at least one digital processor which rotates with the shaft and which, together with at least one stationary digital processor, digitally controls at least one converter rotating with the shaft, at least one digital communi-cation link being provided between rotating and statio-nary parts.
The digital processor comprises a computer which, in addition to internal control and memory functions, is provided with process-adapted software for the relevant mode of operation/working.
The digital communication link comprises a receiver/transmitter, rotating with the shaft, for receiving/transmitting digital data, connected to the processor rotating with the shaft, an aerial which rotates with the shaft, and a stationary aerial for the wireless digital transmission, as well as a stationary receiver/transmitter, connected to the stationary processor, for receiving/transmitting the above-mentioned digital data.
With the aid of a power converter according to the invention, quantities associated with the power con-verter, such as torque, speed, active power, reactive power, etc., may be controlled in a brushless manner. It is also possible, in relation to the prior art, to increase the stability of the electric power systems to which the power converter is connected. Further advan-tages of the invention are the possibilities of achieving controlled starting, operation, stopping and braking of the electric machine as well as trimming in connection with putting the machine into operation.
Otherwise, the power converter according to the invention comprises the following features:
- the wireless data transmission occurs, in a preferred embodiment, with radio-frequency, digital signals - the relevance of communicating data is ensured by combinations of models, estimations, expert systems, compression, filtering and error correction - the need of bandwidth during the communication may be reduced by communicating only the changes in certain of the data-transmitted signals.
The power conversion has an integral control system which comprises the above-mentioned rotating and stationary digital processors with brushless digital communication as well as sensors for measuring and monitoring the rele-want quantities. The processors normally operate in a master/slave relationship, with the rotating processor as a slave. The stationary processor substantially controls the power conversion, measures and monitors quantities associated with the stator of the electric machine, and communicates with other external control systems. The main task of the rotating processor is to control the converter which rotates with the shaft of the electric machine, and to measure and monitor quantities associated with the rotor of the machine.
The rotating processor is programmed such that, in case of repeated and difficult disturbances in the wireless digital communication, it may, for a certain period of time, autonomously control, etc., the power converter.
Commissioning of plants with electric machines which include converters traditionally takes place by trimming/adjusting parameters in control systems, etc., when putting the plant into service. The invention permits considerable advantages in this context since this can be made via communication of information data with the aid of wireless transmission to rotating parts.
An updating and adjustment of the set parameters may also take place continuously as increased knowledge is gained of the components included and with changes in connected electric power systems during the life of the plant.
As will have been clear from the above, it is thus very important, in connection with electric machines associa-ted with this invention, to be able to start up, trim and then control and protect converters rotating with the shaft. More specifically, it is necessary to fix the times when the conductors which are included in the v converters are to start/stop carrying current substan-tially in order to convert mechanical power into active electric power and/or for generation of reactive electric power, and inversely.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompany-ing figure. The power converter according to the inven-tion may be used as an electric generator or as an elec-tric motor. In a preferred embodiment, the power conver-ter comprises a rotating electric machine in the form of a main machine 1 and a regulating machine 2 with a common mechanical shaft 3. In the figure, the electric machine is shown as a vertical-shaft electric machine but it may, of course, be designed as a horizontal-shaft electric machine. On the common shaft, and rotating with the shaft, a converter 4 is arranged in the form of - an ac-to-ac converter which may be designed as a matrix converter, a cycloconverter or an ac converter with an intermediate do link for ac supply of the rotor wind-ings (SE 9901553-9), or it may also be designed as - an ac-to-do converter for do supply of the rotor wind-ing(s), for example with an arbitrary phase position relative to the rotor (PCT/EP 98/007744).
The main machine is designed with a stator winding 5 suitably dimensioned for so-called medium voltage, that is, up to 30 kV. For connection to a high-voltage net-work, a transformer 6 is added. If the machine is designed in accordance with the machine described in WO
97/4519, the stator winding 5 may be dimensioned for high voltage, in which case the transformer 6 is omitted. The rotor winding 7 of the main machine, in the embodiment shown, is designed as an ac winding which, from the ac-to-ac converter, is supplied with the difference fre-quency (see Swedish patent application SE 9901553-9) which is necessary to obtain the desired frequency of the machine when it operates as a generator and to obtain the desired speed of rotation of the rotor of the electric machine when it operates as a motor.
The rotor winding 8 of the machine supplies the ac-to-ac converter which rotates with the shaft. In the figure, the supply is indicated to take place with a 3-phase voltage. The scope of the invention comprises carrying out the supply in a plurality of different ways, such as, for example, with a 2x3-phase voltage, a 2-phase voltage, a 2x2-phase voltage, or generally with an N-voltage. The stator winding 9 of the regulating machine, in the shown embodiment, is intended to be supplied with direct current from a controllable converter 10 with separate supply, for example via an auxiliary transformer 11 connected to the electric power network. The stator winding may also alternatively be designed as an ac winding for use in connection with starting of the elec-tric machine.
The converter 4 rotating with the shaft is utilized in combination with the regulating machine and external devices, connected to the regulating machine, for start-ing, stopping and braking according to SE 9901553-9.
As will be clear from the summary of the invention and the claims, the power converter comprises a digital processor 12, rotating with the shaft of the electric machine, and a stationary digital processor 13. These two processors communicate with each other via one, or two or more, redundant wireless digital communication links. A
communication link comprises a receiver/transmitter 14, rotating with the shaft, for receiving/transmitting digi-tal data, connected to the processor 12 rotating with the shaft, an aerial 15 rotating with the shaft, and a sta-tionary aerial l6 for the wireless digital transmission, as well as a stationary receiver/transmitter 17 for receiving/transmitting the above-mentioned digital data, connected to the stationary processor 13. The stationary processor suitably communicates with other stationary units for common control, protection, etc., indicated by the two-way arrow 18.
The task of the processors has been described in broad outline under the summary of the invention. The detailed design of all of these functions such as control, protec-tion, etc., is outside the scope of this invention. How-ever, the accompanying figure indicates a number of measuring devices, for example for current measurement 19, 20 and 21 of the input/output current of the ac-to-ac converter and the current/voltage of the main machine, respectively, as well as temperature measurement 22 and 23 of the rotor/stator winding of the main machine.
The directions of the power flows are also indicated in the figure by means of arrows on current-carrying conduc-tors. Thus, for example, the conductor between the stator winding 5 and the transformer 6 of the main machine is provided with two-way arrows indicating that the electric machine is able to operate both as an electric power generator and as a motor. In the same way, also the signal-carrying conductor/aerial is provided with arrows indicating the direction of transmission of the respec-tive signals.
v
Commissioning of plants with electric machines which include converters traditionally takes place by trimming/adjusting parameters in control systems, etc., when putting the plant into service. The invention permits considerable advantages in this context since this can be made via communication of information data with the aid of wireless transmission to rotating parts.
An updating and adjustment of the set parameters may also take place continuously as increased knowledge is gained of the components included and with changes in connected electric power systems during the life of the plant.
As will have been clear from the above, it is thus very important, in connection with electric machines associa-ted with this invention, to be able to start up, trim and then control and protect converters rotating with the shaft. More specifically, it is necessary to fix the times when the conductors which are included in the v converters are to start/stop carrying current substan-tially in order to convert mechanical power into active electric power and/or for generation of reactive electric power, and inversely.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompany-ing figure. The power converter according to the inven-tion may be used as an electric generator or as an elec-tric motor. In a preferred embodiment, the power conver-ter comprises a rotating electric machine in the form of a main machine 1 and a regulating machine 2 with a common mechanical shaft 3. In the figure, the electric machine is shown as a vertical-shaft electric machine but it may, of course, be designed as a horizontal-shaft electric machine. On the common shaft, and rotating with the shaft, a converter 4 is arranged in the form of - an ac-to-ac converter which may be designed as a matrix converter, a cycloconverter or an ac converter with an intermediate do link for ac supply of the rotor wind-ings (SE 9901553-9), or it may also be designed as - an ac-to-do converter for do supply of the rotor wind-ing(s), for example with an arbitrary phase position relative to the rotor (PCT/EP 98/007744).
The main machine is designed with a stator winding 5 suitably dimensioned for so-called medium voltage, that is, up to 30 kV. For connection to a high-voltage net-work, a transformer 6 is added. If the machine is designed in accordance with the machine described in WO
97/4519, the stator winding 5 may be dimensioned for high voltage, in which case the transformer 6 is omitted. The rotor winding 7 of the main machine, in the embodiment shown, is designed as an ac winding which, from the ac-to-ac converter, is supplied with the difference fre-quency (see Swedish patent application SE 9901553-9) which is necessary to obtain the desired frequency of the machine when it operates as a generator and to obtain the desired speed of rotation of the rotor of the electric machine when it operates as a motor.
The rotor winding 8 of the machine supplies the ac-to-ac converter which rotates with the shaft. In the figure, the supply is indicated to take place with a 3-phase voltage. The scope of the invention comprises carrying out the supply in a plurality of different ways, such as, for example, with a 2x3-phase voltage, a 2-phase voltage, a 2x2-phase voltage, or generally with an N-voltage. The stator winding 9 of the regulating machine, in the shown embodiment, is intended to be supplied with direct current from a controllable converter 10 with separate supply, for example via an auxiliary transformer 11 connected to the electric power network. The stator winding may also alternatively be designed as an ac winding for use in connection with starting of the elec-tric machine.
The converter 4 rotating with the shaft is utilized in combination with the regulating machine and external devices, connected to the regulating machine, for start-ing, stopping and braking according to SE 9901553-9.
As will be clear from the summary of the invention and the claims, the power converter comprises a digital processor 12, rotating with the shaft of the electric machine, and a stationary digital processor 13. These two processors communicate with each other via one, or two or more, redundant wireless digital communication links. A
communication link comprises a receiver/transmitter 14, rotating with the shaft, for receiving/transmitting digi-tal data, connected to the processor 12 rotating with the shaft, an aerial 15 rotating with the shaft, and a sta-tionary aerial l6 for the wireless digital transmission, as well as a stationary receiver/transmitter 17 for receiving/transmitting the above-mentioned digital data, connected to the stationary processor 13. The stationary processor suitably communicates with other stationary units for common control, protection, etc., indicated by the two-way arrow 18.
The task of the processors has been described in broad outline under the summary of the invention. The detailed design of all of these functions such as control, protec-tion, etc., is outside the scope of this invention. How-ever, the accompanying figure indicates a number of measuring devices, for example for current measurement 19, 20 and 21 of the input/output current of the ac-to-ac converter and the current/voltage of the main machine, respectively, as well as temperature measurement 22 and 23 of the rotor/stator winding of the main machine.
The directions of the power flows are also indicated in the figure by means of arrows on current-carrying conduc-tors. Thus, for example, the conductor between the stator winding 5 and the transformer 6 of the main machine is provided with two-way arrows indicating that the electric machine is able to operate both as an electric power generator and as a motor. In the same way, also the signal-carrying conductor/aerial is provided with arrows indicating the direction of transmission of the respec-tive signals.
v
Claims (5)
1. A power converter with a rotating electric main machine (1), which main machine has a rotor shaft (3), a rotor winding (7), and an alternating current stator winding (5) for coupling to a power network, a converter (4) rotating with the shaft, a first control equipment (12) rotating with the shaft, an alternating voltage source (2), a stationary second control equipment (13), and a digital wireless communication link (14, 15, 16, 17) between the first and the second control equipment, characterized in that the rotor winding of the main machine is an alternating current winding, that the alternating voltage source is a regulating machine (2) with a rotor rotating with the shaft of the main machine and with a rotor winding (8) that is a multiphase alternating current winding, that the converter is an ac-to-ac converter (4) coupled between the rotor windings of the regulating machine and of the main machine, and that the first control equipment comprises a programmable first digital processor (12) programmed with software to, via control of amplitude and frequency of the voltage supplied to the rotor winding of the main machine, control the power converter in dependence on reference values supplied from the second control equipment via the communication link.
2. A power converter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said first digital processor is programmed with software to control the converter to - during normal operation operate as an ac-to-ac converter, - during start-up operate as one of an alternating current multiphase coupler, an alternating current phase-angle/voltage controller, and an alternating current short-circuit coupler, and - during controlled breaking and stopping operate as one of an alternating current multiphase coupler, an alternating current phase-angle/voltage controller, and an alternating current short-circuit coupler.
3. A power converter as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first digital processor is programmed with software to temporarily and autonomously control the power converter in case of repeated and severe disturbances in the digital wireless communication.
4. A power converter as claimed in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second control equipment comprises a programmable second digital processor (13) programmed with software to generate said reference values in dependence on measured values of quantities associated with the power converter, and to communicate with super-ordinated control systems.
5. A method for power conversion with a power converter with a rotating electric main machine (1), which main machine has a rotor shaft (3), a rotor winding (7), and an alternating current stator winding (5) for coupling to a power network, a converter (4) rotating with the shaft, a first control equipment (12) rotating with the shaft, an alternating voltage source (2), a stationary second control equipment (13), and a digital wireless communication link (14, 15, 16, 17) between the first and the second control equipment, wherein the rotor winding of the main machine is an alternating current winding, the alternating voltage source is a regulating machine (2) with a rotor rotating with the shaft of the main machine and with a rotor winding (8) that is a multiphase alternating current winding, the converter is an ac-to-ac converter (4) coupled between the rotor windings of the regulating machine and of the main machine, and the first control equipment comprises a programmable first digital processor (12), characterized in that reference values for the power conversion are supplied to the first control equipment from the second control equipment via the communication link, and that the first digital processor is programmed with software to control the power converter by controlling the amplitude and frequency of the voltage supplied to the rotor winding of the main machine in dependence on said reference values.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9901553-9 | 1999-04-30 | ||
| SE9901553A SE514818C2 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Constant frequency machine with varying / variable speed and procedure for such machine |
| PCT/SE2000/000707 WO2000067355A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-14 | Power converter with rotating/stationary communication/processing means |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2367386A1 true CA2367386A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
Family
ID=20415407
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002367386A Abandoned CA2367386A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-14 | Power converter with rotating/stationary communication/processing means |
| CA002367389A Abandoned CA2367389A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-17 | A constant-frequency machine with a varying/variable speed |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002367389A Abandoned CA2367389A1 (en) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-17 | A constant-frequency machine with a varying/variable speed |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP1175718A1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU4787900A (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2367386A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA200100962A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE514818C2 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2000067355A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6670721B2 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2003-12-30 | Abb Ab | System, method, rotating machine and computer program product for enhancing electric power produced by renewable facilities |
| DE10259068A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-07-15 | Siemens Ag | Double-fed asynchronous machine without slip ring |
| DE10261453B4 (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2010-04-15 | Danfoss Drives A/S | motor control |
| DE102004004350B3 (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-09-01 | Nordex Energy Gmbh | Method for reducing the speed of a drive train in a wind turbine and wind turbine with at least two rated speeds |
| DE102004054581B4 (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2007-02-08 | Siemens Ag | Measuring system with rotating detection device, in particular for a motor or a generator |
| DE102005007371A1 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-24 | Siemens Ag | Electric machine |
| US8436490B2 (en) | 2005-08-30 | 2013-05-07 | Abb Research Ltd. | Wind mill power flow control with dump load and power converter |
| US8384605B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2013-02-26 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Wireless communication between a rotating frame of reference and a non-rotating frame of reference |
| EP2786480B1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2020-07-22 | ABB Schweiz AG | Rotating electrical machine |
| US9325229B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-26 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Generator architecture with PMG exciter and main field rotating power converter |
| WO2014147702A1 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rotating electric machine system and control method for same |
| DE102013208552A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-13 | Lenze Drives Gmbh | drive system |
| EP2996243A4 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rotating electrical machine system or wind power generation system |
| US9813004B2 (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-11-07 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Systems and methods concerning exciterless synchronous machines |
| JP6375967B2 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2018-08-22 | スズキ株式会社 | Rotating electric machine |
| US10075106B2 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2018-09-11 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | DC synchronous machine |
| US10033252B2 (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2018-07-24 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Sensorless control of a DC synchronous machine |
| RU2647882C2 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-03-21 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования "Новосибирский Государственный Технический Университет" | Power supply of asynchronous motor |
| JP2017212827A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Radio communication device and power generation system |
| GB2560314B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2022-03-30 | Safran Electrical & Power | An electrical machine |
| CA3027957A1 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-20 | Tti (Macao Commercial Offshore) Limited | Portable power generator with power monitor and control |
| EP4239866A1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-06 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Electric machine, axial flux motor, power supply unit, and household appliance |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3671850A (en) * | 1970-11-19 | 1972-06-20 | Walter E Mehnert | Electric generator control system with radio feedback loop |
| US4625160A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-11-25 | Sundstrand Corporation | Variable speed constant frequency generating system |
| US4723106A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-02-02 | General Electric Company | Brushless generator exciter using hybrid rectifier |
| DE19507760A1 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-12 | Siemens Ag | Method and arrangement for transmitting a data value between a fixed and a rotating communication module |
| US5742515A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1998-04-21 | General Electric Co. | Asynchronous conversion method and apparatus for use with variable speed turbine hydroelectric generation |
| SE9602079D0 (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1996-05-29 | Asea Brown Boveri | Rotating electric machines with magnetic circuit for high voltage and a method for manufacturing the same |
-
1999
- 1999-04-30 SE SE9901553A patent/SE514818C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-04-14 CA CA002367386A patent/CA2367386A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-14 EP EP00929974A patent/EP1175718A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-14 WO PCT/SE2000/000707 patent/WO2000067355A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-14 AU AU47879/00A patent/AU4787900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-17 EA EA200100962A patent/EA200100962A1/en unknown
- 2000-04-17 CA CA002367389A patent/CA2367389A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-17 WO PCT/SE2000/000724 patent/WO2000067363A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-17 AU AU46325/00A patent/AU4632500A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-17 EP EP00928031A patent/EP1192701A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9901553D0 (en) | 1999-04-30 |
| EA200100962A1 (en) | 2002-04-25 |
| AU4632500A (en) | 2000-11-17 |
| SE9901553L (en) | 2000-10-31 |
| EP1192701A1 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
| WO2000067363A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| WO2000067355A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
| AU4787900A (en) | 2000-11-17 |
| SE514818C2 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| EP1175718A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
| CA2367389A1 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |