CA2197635A1 - Lavage instrument - Google Patents
Lavage instrumentInfo
- Publication number
- CA2197635A1 CA2197635A1 CA002197635A CA2197635A CA2197635A1 CA 2197635 A1 CA2197635 A1 CA 2197635A1 CA 002197635 A CA002197635 A CA 002197635A CA 2197635 A CA2197635 A CA 2197635A CA 2197635 A1 CA2197635 A1 CA 2197635A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- worm shaft
- housing
- piston
- waveform
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 230000000541 pulsatile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001804 debridement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000554 physical therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150037665 ACH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010040943 Skin Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015107 ale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002078 massotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015541 sensory perception of touch Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H33/00—Bathing devices for special therapeutic or hygienic purposes
- A61H33/60—Components specifically designed for the therapeutic baths of groups A61H33/00
- A61H33/601—Inlet to the bath
- A61H33/6021—Nozzles
- A61H33/6057—Comprising means producing pulsating or intermittent streams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H9/00—Pneumatic or hydraulic massage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/77—Suction-irrigation systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0233—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs
- A61M3/0254—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs the liquid being pumped
- A61M3/0258—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs the liquid being pumped by means of electric pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0275—Pulsating jets; Vibrating nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
- H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
- A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
- H01M6/5011—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature for several cells simultaneously or successively
- H01M6/5016—Multimode utilisation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Therapy (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
A hand held lavage instrument 10 which generates a pulsatile fluid flow having amodulated waveform and provides selectable voltage increments for multiple fluid flow rates is disclosed. The fluid pump 60 used in instrument 10 generates a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pressure waveform, and therefore, a modulated impact force waveform for a more tactually pleasing fluid stream for a lavage patient. Fluid pump 60 uses a multiple return worm shaft 80 and a reciprocating piston 70 to generate the pulsatile fluid stream. Worm shaft 80 has a continuous dual threaded groove 85 with a right handed threaded portion 87 and a left handed threaded portion 89. A follower 90 is used to translate the rotational movement of worm shaft 80 into reciprocal movement of piston 70 within the pump housing 62. The push-pull ratio of worm shaft 80 dictates the waveform modulation of the pulsatile fluid stream. A push-pull ratio of the worm shaft that is less than one produces waveform modulating with decreasing amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. A push-pull ratio of a worm shaft that is greater than one produces a waveform modulation with constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse.
Description
. 2 1 ~7635 LAVAGE INSTRUMENT
This invention relates to a lavage illSllulll~lll and, in particular, a hand held battery powered lavage instrument in~ fl;ng a fluid pump, which gel~elales a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back plessure wavefollll.
Bac~lound ofthe Inventio Hand held lavage instruments are well known in the medical field. Lavage instruments are often used for the debri-lçm~nt of wounds and other body cavities.
Typically, lavage instruments are connected to an eytern~l fluid source and an eytern~l vacuum pressure source. The vacuum source is used to evacuate the irrig~ti~n fluid and debris from the wound. Lavage instruments include a fluid pump and an electrical motor, which drives the fluid pump. Most lavage instruments in~ ded a housing carried by a cart to house the electric motor. Therefore, the hand held lavage instrument was primarily a housing with two valves to control suction and irrigation. Recently, however, self-powered lavage instruments have been developed which use DC power cells to power the plectr~ motors which drive the internal fiuid pumps, thereby çlimin~ting the need for the control housing. Decreasing or increasing the voltage supplied to the electrical motor decreases or increases the motor speed and the fluid pump's flow rate. Heretofore, self-poweled lavage instruments have been limited to two distinct voltage levels determined by the position of the trigger switch. With the trigger partially depressed, the motor 2 o operates at a slow speed. With the trigger fully depressed, the motor operates at its full speed. Since the voltage controls the speed of the fluid pump, self-powered lavage instruments have been limited to only two flow rates and pressures, dictated by the voltage supplied from their internal power cells. The hand held lavage instruments of the prior art utilize a rotary pump to eject the fluid.
2 5 The fluid pump forces the irrigation fluids through a nozzle to generate the fluid stream. The impact force of a fluid stream gel~ led by a given lavage instrument is often difficult to Illea~u-t; and quantify. Forcing fluid through a nozzle generates back pres~ule in the system behind the nozzle. The waveform of the back pres~ure generated behind a nozzle is closely related to the impact force waveform of a given fluid stream. A back pressure waveform generated in a lavage instrument can be readily measured and ntified using col-vel-lional instr~ r~ ;on. Typically, a T-connector is fitted between the fluid pump and the nozzle and ~ ;led to a plessure tr~n~d~lc~r. The readings from the pres~ule tr~n~ducer are recorded on a convelllional oscilloscope. Using this type of 2 ~ 9~635 -test eqllipmrnt setup, the waveform of the back pressure created by a fluid pump can be easily quantified and ~llapped. An appro~-lllale correlation can be drawn from the back ple~ue vvav~rollll to predict the impact force vvdv~rc.llll of the fluid stream generated by the fluid pump in a lavage instrument.
Generally, a pulsatile fluid stream is desirable for debridçment of wounds and body cavities. Heretofore, the pulsatile rotary fluid pumps used in collvenlional lavage ulllents have generated back pressure, which has a simple sinusoidal waverollll or a rectified half-sinusoidal waverollll. The back pressure waverollll of each fluid pulse has an asymptotic pressure amplitude peak. Consequently, the acco~l,p~,ying fluid streams have impact forces with similar waveforms. Pulsatile fluid streams are generally well suited for both lavage debridement and massage therapy; however, the impact force of each fluid pulse generated by conventional fluid pumps is often abrasive to the tactile senses ofthe patient receiving the lavage trç~tmrnt as part of a physical therapy regimPnt Ideally, the pulsatile fluid stream generated by the lavage system should be tactually pleasing to the physical therapy patient. For example, the patient may have decubitus ulcers of the skin or bed sores. The lavage system would be employed to tactually m~ e the skin to encourage blood flow under the skin but not to remove the d~m~ed skin. While fluid streams generated by conventional pulsatile fluid pumps are well suited for certain lavage applications, it is desirable to provide a fluid pump which can modulate the impact force waveform ofthe fluid stream. Ideally, an impact force waverollll that modulates at constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse is desirable for lavage m~c~ therapy. In addition, an impact force w~v~;rOIlll that modulates at a decreasing or decaying amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse is desirable for lavage debridrmrnt Further, the prior art battery operated systems include a battery pack which is 2 5 sealed. Thererol~, after the procedure is over, the entire device is thrown away, inr,l~ding the b~tt~ries which could cause environmrnt~l problems for the dump sight in the future.
Sullllllaly of Invention The lavage instrument of this invention generates a pulsatile fluid stream, which is more tactually l~e~~:n~ to the lavage patient. In addition, the lavage instrument of this 3 o invention is a self-powered hand held unit, which provides selectable voltage increments for multiple fluid flow rates. The instrument inr.llldes a contoured housing, a plurality of 2 1 97~
-DC power cells, an electric motor, and a fluid pump. The power cells are arranged around the motor, and are selectively connectable in series by wire battery terminslQ
Each battery terminal electrically connects the positive pole of one power cell to the negative pole of an ~ja~nt power cell. Arotatable speed selection knob mounted to the bottom ofthe il~llwllt;lll housing turns an elongated contactor arm. The speed selection knob can be positioned between one of many discrete setting~ At each setting position of the speed selection knob, the contactor arm ~ng,sges a di~erelll battery termin-sl to provide a di~rent voltage output to the motor. Consequently, the in~liullwlll provides selected operation ofthe motor at discrete voltage increments for generating a variety of Jilrele~ uid flow rates and pressures. Further, as voltages drop from use, the selector can be advanced to the next battery in order to ".~intsi" pelrollllal ce.
The lavage instrument of this invention uses a fluid pump which generates a pulsatile fluid flow having a modulated waverollll. The action of the fluid pump used in the lavage instrument of this invention generates a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pres~ule ~avt;rolln, and thelerole a modulated impact force wdverollll.
Because of its modulated waveform, the fluid stream generated by this fluid pump is a more tactually pleasing fluid stream for a lavage patient.
The fluid pump uses a multiple return worm shaft and a reciprocating piston to generate the modulated pulsatile fluid stream. The worm shaft has a continuous dual 2 o threaded groove for fs.~ilit,stinp reciprocal movement of the piston. The groove has both a left handed threaded portion and a right handed threaded portion. A follower is used to translate the rotational movement of the worm shaft into reciprocal movement of the piston within a cylinder housing. The follower in~ des a saddle which is se$ed within the groove of the worm shaft and a head which passes through a bore in the piston skirt and extends into a lon~itl1~1insl channel formed in the cylinder housing. With the head çYtçnrlinp~ into the cylinder channel and the saddle seated within the groove, rotation of the worm shaft forces the follower to travel back and forth along the length of the worm shaft. The reciprocal movement of the follower drives the piston back and forth within the cylinder housing.
3 o The push-pull ratio of the worm shaft dictates the back pres~ul~ modlllstion for each fluid pulse. For c r le, the worm shaft may have six left handed threads and three right handed thread turns. When rotating clockwise, the push-pull ratio of the worm shaft . 2197635 -is 3/6, i.e., three revolutions push and six revolutions pull the piston during one cycle.
When rotated in a c~ terclockwise direction, the push-pull ratio of the worm shaft is 6/3, i.e., six revolutions push and three revolutions pull the piston during one cycle. A push pull ratio less than one, such as a 3/6 push-pull ratio, produces a w~verol.ll modlllqti-)n s with generally decreasing or decaying arnplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. The impact force of a fluid stream coll~,ldtllg to this type of back pres~ule wavefollll provides enhanced scrubbing action. A push-pull ratio greater than one, such as a 6/3 pushpull ratio, produces a waveform modulation with generally collsl~ll amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. The impact force of a fluid stream correlating to this type of back pressure wavefollll provides enhanced m~s~ging action. The number of modulation peaks is generally dictated by the number of groove turns on the worm shaft.
Consequently, various types of waverollll modulation can be achieved by varying the push-pull ratios and the number of groove turns on the worm shafts.
Finally, the lavage instrument of this invention in~ des a housing formed in twoparts and held together by a removable strap. A~er the procedure is over, but before the instrument is thrown away, the user can remove the strap, separate the housing, and remove the batteries. The batteries can then be used somewhere else or disposed of properly.
Accordingly, an advantage of the lavage insllulll~lll of this invention is that the 2 0 pulsatile fluid stream generated by the fluid pump is more tactually pleasing to the lavage patient.
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument of this invention is that the instrument provides selected operation of the fluid motor at discrete voltage increments for generating multiple fluid flow rates.
2 5 Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump generates a pulsatile fluid stream which has a modulated back pres~ule wavt;rullll, and therefore, a modulated impact force wavero~
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump can generate a pulsatile fluid stream having a waveform that modulates at constant 3 o ~mplit~ldes during each fluid pulse, or a wav~r~,that modulates at decreasing amplitudes during each fluid pulse.
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump ' 21 97635 -uses a multiple return worm shaft to reciprocate a piston within a cylinder housing.
Other advantages will become appalt;lll upon a reading of the following description.
Brief Description of the Drawing~
A pr~lled embodiment of the invention has been depicted for illu~tl~live purposes only wherein:
Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the lavage instrument of this invention;
Fig. lA is a rear perspective view of the top of the lavage instrument;
Fig. 2 is a side view ofthe lavage instrument with a portion cut away to reveal the internal components of the instrument;
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the lavage instrument with the bottom cap removed to reveal the power cells;
Fig. 4 is a bottom view ofthe lavage instrument showing the speed selection knobpositioned at one of the speed settings;
Fig. S is a simplified schematic of the electrical wiring for lavage instrument;Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the fluid pump used by the lavage instrument;
Fig. 7 is a partial sectional view of the fluid pump used in the lavage illSllUlllt;
showing the re~ w~rd stoke of the piston;
Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of the fluid pump used in the lavage ins~ulllenl 2 o showing the forward stroke of the piston;
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the fluid pump taken along line 9-9 of Fig. 8;
Fig. 10 is a diagram of test equipment used to measure the back p~essure from a fluid stream generated by the fluid pump used by the lavage instrument;
Fig. 11 is an exemplary pressure mapping of a fluid stream generated by a fluid 2 5 pump, which uses a worm shaft having a 3/6 push-pull ratio; and Fig. 12 is an exemplary pressure Illapph~g of a fluid stream generated by a fluid pump, which uses a worm shaft having a 6/3 push-pull ratio.
Description of the Plerelled Embodiment The preferred embodiment herein described is not intended to be PYh~ tive or to 3 o lirnit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It is chosen and described to explain the ', .' 21q7635 -~ 6 pl ~r 'es ofthe invention and its application and practical use to enable others skilled in the art to utilize its teachinp;s Figs. 1-4 show the lavage instrument 10 of this invention. Ir,sllulllt;lll 10 incl~des a contoured outer housing 20. ~1Si~ 20 has a cylin-lric~l base 22, a pistol grip shaped neck 24 and a curved head 26. A fiuid nozzle 12 and a suction nozzle 13 protrude from the face 27 of housing head 26. Housing 20 encloses the internal components of illsllun~ 10 including: eight DC power cells 30, contactor arm 34, an on/off switch 36, light fixture 38, an electric motor 40, and an integrally connecled fluid reservoir 50 and a fiuid pump 60. Housing 20 is formed in two parts, 20a and 20b, which are held together by a resilient strap 21. Each end of strap 21 has a hole therethrough for connection ofthe strap to nibs 19 ~ ul;i~E, from housing parts 20a and 20b. Strap 21 may be removed and housing 20 opened to remove batteries 30 for proper disposal after the lavage instrument is fully used.
As shown in Figs 2 and 3, power cells 30 are arranged within housing base 22 around motor 40 with their negative poles facing the bottom cap 23 of housing base 22.
Motor 50 is of conventional design and any suitable direct current electric motor, which turns a drive sha~, may be employed. ~l~rel~bly, motor 50 is a separate component from fiuid pump 2 ofthis invention; however, the motor can be incorporated into the design of the fluid pump if desired. Power cells 30 are cc ~ ~1ed in series by eight battery t~rnlin 20 32. Each battery tçrrnin~l 32 in~ des a conductive wire and electrically connects the positive pole of one power cell to the negative pole of an adjac~nt power cell in a series arrangement. A wiring harness 42 connects each battery terrninal 32 to motor 40, an on/offcontactor switch 36, and a light fixture 38. Instrument 10 incl~1des light f1xture 38 for i~ A~ g the wound or cavity during debrid~m~nt On/off switch 36 is ach1~ted by 2 5 an on/off pad 18, which protrudes from housing head 26. Depression of on/offpad 18 closes the contacts of on/off switch 36 to actuate instrument 10.
As shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, a rotatable speed selection knob 28 mounted to bottom cap 23 of housing base 22 turns an elongated contactor arm 34. Selection knob 28 can be positioned at one of discrete speed settings. At each position or speed setting of selection knob 28, contactor arm 34 engages a dirrelelll battery t~rmin~l 32. The electrical connection between contactor arm 34 and each battery t~rrnin~l 32 provides a discrete voltage output to motor 40 at each speed setting. The di~erelll voltage outputs ' 21 97635 produce di~elenl motor speeds and therefore, di~erenl fluid flow rates. As shown, two of the power cells provide the minimllm voltage required to drive motor 40. The six .;~ power cells provide ad.lition~l increment~l voltage to drive motor 40. Further, the arrangement of the power cells provides an a"~ngelllenl whe~ eh~ extra batteries are 5 available at lower speed setting~c For example, if the user is satisfied with the speed of the unit with only 4 batteries being used (i.e. position 2) as the power cells are used up and the motor begins to slow, additional power cells can be switched into the circuit by progressively rotating the section knob 28 to the next position. Eight power cells are shown although any number of cells may be incorporated into the design of the 1 o instrument.
As shown in Fig. 2, fluid reservoir 50 and fluid pump 60 are supported within hollcing neck 24. Fluid rese,voir 50 in~ des an inlet port 52 and an outlet port 54. An external fluid line 16, is connected to inlet port 52 and passes through the bottom of housing base 22. An internal fluid line 18 connects outlet port 54 to fluid nozzle 14. A
suction line 17, which is connected to suction nozzle 15, passes through housing 12 and exits through the bottom of housing base 22. As shown in Figs 7 and 8, fluid pump 60 is integrally connected to fluid reservoir 50 to define an internal fluid challll)er 51. Inlet port 52 in~ dec a one-way umbrella valve 53 for allowing fluid to enter fluid chamber 51.
Outlet port 54 incl~1des a one-way umbrella valve 55 for allowing fluid 4 to exit fluid 2 0 chamber 51.
Fluid pump 60 incll~des a tubular pump housing 62, a piston 70, a worm shaft 80 and a follower 90. Pump housing 60 inr~llldes a raised longit~l-1in~l ridge 64 which forms a lon~ihl~lin~l channel 65. Piston 70 is reciprocally disposed within inner chamber 13.
Piston 70 incllldes a flat head 72 and a tubular skirt 74 having an open aft end. As shown 2 5 in Fig. 1, piston skirt 74 has a through bore 76 and a slot 77. Also, an annular recess 79 is defined in the outer surface of skirt 74 adjac~nt piston head 72. An O-ring 78 is disposed within recess 79, which seals fluid chamber 51. Worm shaft 80 is rotatably disposed within the open aft end of piston 70. The drive shaft of motor 40 is connected to worm shaft 80, whereby operation of motor 40 axially rotates worm shaft 80 within 3 o piston 70. Worm shaft 80 has a continuous dual threaded groove 85 defined in body 82 for f~.ilit~tin~ reciprocal movelllent of follower 90 and piston 70. Groove 85 has both a right handed threaded portion 87 and a left handed threaded portion 89, which are ~ 2 1 97635 continuously joined at opposite ends of the worm shaft. Follower 90 in~ des a curved saddle 92 and a pcl~e~ r head 94. Saddle 92 is restrictively seated within groové 85 belw~n worm shaft 80 and the inner surface of piston skirt 74. Head 94 is fitted through piston bore 76 to connect piston 70 to follower 90 and extends partially into longit~ltlin~
channel 65.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the operation of fluid pump 60. Motor 40 rotates worm shaft 80 in a dockwise direction. With follower saddle 92 seated within groove 85 and rollow~l head 94 ~ ~ into channel 65, rotation of worm shaft 80 forces follower 90 to continuously travel back and forth along the length of the worm shaft. As shown in Fig. 7, follower saddle 92 is shiftably engaged within the right handed threaded portion 87 and follower 90 is pushed along in a real ward direction by the clockwise rotation of worm shaft 80. As shown in Fig. 8, follower saddle 92 is shiftably engaged within left handed threaded portion 89 and follower 90 is pushed along in a rOl ward direction by the clockwise rotation of worm shaft 80. Since the threaded portions are continuously joined at opposite ends of the worm shaft, follower saddle 92 continuously passes from one threaded portion to the opposite threaded portion at the ends of the worm shaft. The reciprocal movement of follower 90 drives piston 70 back and forth within pump housing 62. Figs. 7 and 8 show the realwald and fOlwald strokes of piston 70, respectively.
During the le~w~d stroke of piston 70, valve 55 is closed and fluid enters fluid ch~llber 2 o 51 through inlet port 52. During the forward stroke of piston 70, valve 53 is dosed and fluid is d;scl~,ed through outlet port 54. It should be noted that the follower's reciprocal m()velllt;ll~ is independent ofthe worm shaft's direction of rotation. Although Figs. 7 and 8 show worm shaft 80 rotated in a clockwise direction, rotating the worm shaft in a counterclockwise direction produces the same reciprocal movement of the follower, but 180 degrees out of phase.
In Figs. 6 - 8, worm shaft 80 is shown as having an equal number of turns for both right and left handed groove portions 87 and 89 for the simplicity of explaining the mechanical operation of fluid pump 60 only. As shown, right handed thread portion 87 of groove 85 has four (4) turns and left handed threaded portion 89 has four (4) turns, 3 o which cf)n~ teS a push-pull ratio of 4/4 with eight (8) revolutions per pump cycle. The number of turns of either groove portion det~rrnines the number of shaft revolutions required to move follower 90 the length of the worm shaft. While the worm shaft is - ' 2 i 97~5 -g shown as having an equal number of turns for both the right and left handed groove portions, the worm sha~ can be constructed with a variety of push-pull ratios. One skilled in the art will note that an inverse of a push-pull ratio (pull-push) of a particular worm shaft can be easily accomplished by reversing the shaft's direction of rotation.The action of fluid pump 60 ge~ ales a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulatedback plessule waverolm and thererole a modulated impact force v~averollll. A fluid stream which has a modulated wdverOIlll provides a more tactually pleasing fluid stream for a lavage patient. Fig. 10 shows the typical test equipment setup used to measure and map the back pressure waveform produced by fluid pump 100. A T-connector 103 fitted bet~-veen fluid pump 100 and a nozzle 104 is connected to a pressure tr~n~dncPr 105. The readings from pressure tr~n~duc~r 105 are recorded on a conventional oscilloscope 106.
The pushpull ratio ofthe worm sha~ dictates the mod~ tion of the pulsatile fluidstream's waveform. Generally, a worm shaft that has push-pull ratios less than one produces a modulated waveform with decleasing or decaying ~n plihlde peaks during each fluid pulse, and worm shaft that has push-pull ratios greater than one produces a modulated wav~r~llll with cor~ n pli~1de peaks during each fluid pulse. The number of amplitude peaks during each fiuid pulse is generally dictated by the number of turns on the worm shaft. Con~equP.ntly, various waveform modl~l~tir n~ can be achieved by varying the push-pull ratios and the number of groove turns on the worm shafts. Figs. 11 and 12 2 0 illustrate how the pushpull ratio affects the modulation of the back pres~ure vvaverolln for a typical worm shaft having a six/three push-pull ratio and a three/six push-pull ratio le~eelively. As shown in Fig. 11, a worm shaft having a 3/6 pushpull ratio produces a modulated back pressure waveform with decreasing or decaying amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. As shown in Fig. 12, a worm shaft having a 6/3 push-pull ratio produces 2 5 a modulated back pressure w~verollll with constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse.
It is understood that the above description does not limit the invention to the details given, but may be modified within the scope of the following claims.
This invention relates to a lavage illSllulll~lll and, in particular, a hand held battery powered lavage instrument in~ fl;ng a fluid pump, which gel~elales a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back plessure wavefollll.
Bac~lound ofthe Inventio Hand held lavage instruments are well known in the medical field. Lavage instruments are often used for the debri-lçm~nt of wounds and other body cavities.
Typically, lavage instruments are connected to an eytern~l fluid source and an eytern~l vacuum pressure source. The vacuum source is used to evacuate the irrig~ti~n fluid and debris from the wound. Lavage instruments include a fluid pump and an electrical motor, which drives the fluid pump. Most lavage instruments in~ ded a housing carried by a cart to house the electric motor. Therefore, the hand held lavage instrument was primarily a housing with two valves to control suction and irrigation. Recently, however, self-powered lavage instruments have been developed which use DC power cells to power the plectr~ motors which drive the internal fiuid pumps, thereby çlimin~ting the need for the control housing. Decreasing or increasing the voltage supplied to the electrical motor decreases or increases the motor speed and the fluid pump's flow rate. Heretofore, self-poweled lavage instruments have been limited to two distinct voltage levels determined by the position of the trigger switch. With the trigger partially depressed, the motor 2 o operates at a slow speed. With the trigger fully depressed, the motor operates at its full speed. Since the voltage controls the speed of the fluid pump, self-powered lavage instruments have been limited to only two flow rates and pressures, dictated by the voltage supplied from their internal power cells. The hand held lavage instruments of the prior art utilize a rotary pump to eject the fluid.
2 5 The fluid pump forces the irrigation fluids through a nozzle to generate the fluid stream. The impact force of a fluid stream gel~ led by a given lavage instrument is often difficult to Illea~u-t; and quantify. Forcing fluid through a nozzle generates back pres~ule in the system behind the nozzle. The waveform of the back pres~ure generated behind a nozzle is closely related to the impact force waveform of a given fluid stream. A back pressure waveform generated in a lavage instrument can be readily measured and ntified using col-vel-lional instr~ r~ ;on. Typically, a T-connector is fitted between the fluid pump and the nozzle and ~ ;led to a plessure tr~n~d~lc~r. The readings from the pres~ule tr~n~ducer are recorded on a convelllional oscilloscope. Using this type of 2 ~ 9~635 -test eqllipmrnt setup, the waveform of the back pressure created by a fluid pump can be easily quantified and ~llapped. An appro~-lllale correlation can be drawn from the back ple~ue vvav~rollll to predict the impact force vvdv~rc.llll of the fluid stream generated by the fluid pump in a lavage instrument.
Generally, a pulsatile fluid stream is desirable for debridçment of wounds and body cavities. Heretofore, the pulsatile rotary fluid pumps used in collvenlional lavage ulllents have generated back pressure, which has a simple sinusoidal waverollll or a rectified half-sinusoidal waverollll. The back pressure waverollll of each fluid pulse has an asymptotic pressure amplitude peak. Consequently, the acco~l,p~,ying fluid streams have impact forces with similar waveforms. Pulsatile fluid streams are generally well suited for both lavage debridement and massage therapy; however, the impact force of each fluid pulse generated by conventional fluid pumps is often abrasive to the tactile senses ofthe patient receiving the lavage trç~tmrnt as part of a physical therapy regimPnt Ideally, the pulsatile fluid stream generated by the lavage system should be tactually pleasing to the physical therapy patient. For example, the patient may have decubitus ulcers of the skin or bed sores. The lavage system would be employed to tactually m~ e the skin to encourage blood flow under the skin but not to remove the d~m~ed skin. While fluid streams generated by conventional pulsatile fluid pumps are well suited for certain lavage applications, it is desirable to provide a fluid pump which can modulate the impact force waveform ofthe fluid stream. Ideally, an impact force waverollll that modulates at constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse is desirable for lavage m~c~ therapy. In addition, an impact force w~v~;rOIlll that modulates at a decreasing or decaying amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse is desirable for lavage debridrmrnt Further, the prior art battery operated systems include a battery pack which is 2 5 sealed. Thererol~, after the procedure is over, the entire device is thrown away, inr,l~ding the b~tt~ries which could cause environmrnt~l problems for the dump sight in the future.
Sullllllaly of Invention The lavage instrument of this invention generates a pulsatile fluid stream, which is more tactually l~e~~:n~ to the lavage patient. In addition, the lavage instrument of this 3 o invention is a self-powered hand held unit, which provides selectable voltage increments for multiple fluid flow rates. The instrument inr.llldes a contoured housing, a plurality of 2 1 97~
-DC power cells, an electric motor, and a fluid pump. The power cells are arranged around the motor, and are selectively connectable in series by wire battery terminslQ
Each battery terminal electrically connects the positive pole of one power cell to the negative pole of an ~ja~nt power cell. Arotatable speed selection knob mounted to the bottom ofthe il~llwllt;lll housing turns an elongated contactor arm. The speed selection knob can be positioned between one of many discrete setting~ At each setting position of the speed selection knob, the contactor arm ~ng,sges a di~erelll battery termin-sl to provide a di~rent voltage output to the motor. Consequently, the in~liullwlll provides selected operation ofthe motor at discrete voltage increments for generating a variety of Jilrele~ uid flow rates and pressures. Further, as voltages drop from use, the selector can be advanced to the next battery in order to ".~intsi" pelrollllal ce.
The lavage instrument of this invention uses a fluid pump which generates a pulsatile fluid flow having a modulated waverollll. The action of the fluid pump used in the lavage instrument of this invention generates a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pres~ule ~avt;rolln, and thelerole a modulated impact force wdverollll.
Because of its modulated waveform, the fluid stream generated by this fluid pump is a more tactually pleasing fluid stream for a lavage patient.
The fluid pump uses a multiple return worm shaft and a reciprocating piston to generate the modulated pulsatile fluid stream. The worm shaft has a continuous dual 2 o threaded groove for fs.~ilit,stinp reciprocal movement of the piston. The groove has both a left handed threaded portion and a right handed threaded portion. A follower is used to translate the rotational movement of the worm shaft into reciprocal movement of the piston within a cylinder housing. The follower in~ des a saddle which is se$ed within the groove of the worm shaft and a head which passes through a bore in the piston skirt and extends into a lon~itl1~1insl channel formed in the cylinder housing. With the head çYtçnrlinp~ into the cylinder channel and the saddle seated within the groove, rotation of the worm shaft forces the follower to travel back and forth along the length of the worm shaft. The reciprocal movement of the follower drives the piston back and forth within the cylinder housing.
3 o The push-pull ratio of the worm shaft dictates the back pres~ul~ modlllstion for each fluid pulse. For c r le, the worm shaft may have six left handed threads and three right handed thread turns. When rotating clockwise, the push-pull ratio of the worm shaft . 2197635 -is 3/6, i.e., three revolutions push and six revolutions pull the piston during one cycle.
When rotated in a c~ terclockwise direction, the push-pull ratio of the worm shaft is 6/3, i.e., six revolutions push and three revolutions pull the piston during one cycle. A push pull ratio less than one, such as a 3/6 push-pull ratio, produces a w~verol.ll modlllqti-)n s with generally decreasing or decaying arnplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. The impact force of a fluid stream coll~,ldtllg to this type of back pres~ule wavefollll provides enhanced scrubbing action. A push-pull ratio greater than one, such as a 6/3 pushpull ratio, produces a waveform modulation with generally collsl~ll amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. The impact force of a fluid stream correlating to this type of back pressure wavefollll provides enhanced m~s~ging action. The number of modulation peaks is generally dictated by the number of groove turns on the worm shaft.
Consequently, various types of waverollll modulation can be achieved by varying the push-pull ratios and the number of groove turns on the worm shafts.
Finally, the lavage instrument of this invention in~ des a housing formed in twoparts and held together by a removable strap. A~er the procedure is over, but before the instrument is thrown away, the user can remove the strap, separate the housing, and remove the batteries. The batteries can then be used somewhere else or disposed of properly.
Accordingly, an advantage of the lavage insllulll~lll of this invention is that the 2 0 pulsatile fluid stream generated by the fluid pump is more tactually pleasing to the lavage patient.
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument of this invention is that the instrument provides selected operation of the fluid motor at discrete voltage increments for generating multiple fluid flow rates.
2 5 Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump generates a pulsatile fluid stream which has a modulated back pres~ule wavt;rullll, and therefore, a modulated impact force wavero~
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump can generate a pulsatile fluid stream having a waveform that modulates at constant 3 o ~mplit~ldes during each fluid pulse, or a wav~r~,that modulates at decreasing amplitudes during each fluid pulse.
Another advantage ofthe lavage instrument ofthis invention is that the fluid pump ' 21 97635 -uses a multiple return worm shaft to reciprocate a piston within a cylinder housing.
Other advantages will become appalt;lll upon a reading of the following description.
Brief Description of the Drawing~
A pr~lled embodiment of the invention has been depicted for illu~tl~live purposes only wherein:
Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the lavage instrument of this invention;
Fig. lA is a rear perspective view of the top of the lavage instrument;
Fig. 2 is a side view ofthe lavage instrument with a portion cut away to reveal the internal components of the instrument;
Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the lavage instrument with the bottom cap removed to reveal the power cells;
Fig. 4 is a bottom view ofthe lavage instrument showing the speed selection knobpositioned at one of the speed settings;
Fig. S is a simplified schematic of the electrical wiring for lavage instrument;Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the fluid pump used by the lavage instrument;
Fig. 7 is a partial sectional view of the fluid pump used in the lavage illSllUlllt;
showing the re~ w~rd stoke of the piston;
Fig. 8 is a partial sectional view of the fluid pump used in the lavage ins~ulllenl 2 o showing the forward stroke of the piston;
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the fluid pump taken along line 9-9 of Fig. 8;
Fig. 10 is a diagram of test equipment used to measure the back p~essure from a fluid stream generated by the fluid pump used by the lavage instrument;
Fig. 11 is an exemplary pressure mapping of a fluid stream generated by a fluid 2 5 pump, which uses a worm shaft having a 3/6 push-pull ratio; and Fig. 12 is an exemplary pressure Illapph~g of a fluid stream generated by a fluid pump, which uses a worm shaft having a 6/3 push-pull ratio.
Description of the Plerelled Embodiment The preferred embodiment herein described is not intended to be PYh~ tive or to 3 o lirnit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It is chosen and described to explain the ', .' 21q7635 -~ 6 pl ~r 'es ofthe invention and its application and practical use to enable others skilled in the art to utilize its teachinp;s Figs. 1-4 show the lavage instrument 10 of this invention. Ir,sllulllt;lll 10 incl~des a contoured outer housing 20. ~1Si~ 20 has a cylin-lric~l base 22, a pistol grip shaped neck 24 and a curved head 26. A fiuid nozzle 12 and a suction nozzle 13 protrude from the face 27 of housing head 26. Housing 20 encloses the internal components of illsllun~ 10 including: eight DC power cells 30, contactor arm 34, an on/off switch 36, light fixture 38, an electric motor 40, and an integrally connecled fluid reservoir 50 and a fiuid pump 60. Housing 20 is formed in two parts, 20a and 20b, which are held together by a resilient strap 21. Each end of strap 21 has a hole therethrough for connection ofthe strap to nibs 19 ~ ul;i~E, from housing parts 20a and 20b. Strap 21 may be removed and housing 20 opened to remove batteries 30 for proper disposal after the lavage instrument is fully used.
As shown in Figs 2 and 3, power cells 30 are arranged within housing base 22 around motor 40 with their negative poles facing the bottom cap 23 of housing base 22.
Motor 50 is of conventional design and any suitable direct current electric motor, which turns a drive sha~, may be employed. ~l~rel~bly, motor 50 is a separate component from fiuid pump 2 ofthis invention; however, the motor can be incorporated into the design of the fluid pump if desired. Power cells 30 are cc ~ ~1ed in series by eight battery t~rnlin 20 32. Each battery tçrrnin~l 32 in~ des a conductive wire and electrically connects the positive pole of one power cell to the negative pole of an adjac~nt power cell in a series arrangement. A wiring harness 42 connects each battery terrninal 32 to motor 40, an on/offcontactor switch 36, and a light fixture 38. Instrument 10 incl~1des light f1xture 38 for i~ A~ g the wound or cavity during debrid~m~nt On/off switch 36 is ach1~ted by 2 5 an on/off pad 18, which protrudes from housing head 26. Depression of on/offpad 18 closes the contacts of on/off switch 36 to actuate instrument 10.
As shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, a rotatable speed selection knob 28 mounted to bottom cap 23 of housing base 22 turns an elongated contactor arm 34. Selection knob 28 can be positioned at one of discrete speed settings. At each position or speed setting of selection knob 28, contactor arm 34 engages a dirrelelll battery t~rmin~l 32. The electrical connection between contactor arm 34 and each battery t~rrnin~l 32 provides a discrete voltage output to motor 40 at each speed setting. The di~erelll voltage outputs ' 21 97635 produce di~elenl motor speeds and therefore, di~erenl fluid flow rates. As shown, two of the power cells provide the minimllm voltage required to drive motor 40. The six .;~ power cells provide ad.lition~l increment~l voltage to drive motor 40. Further, the arrangement of the power cells provides an a"~ngelllenl whe~ eh~ extra batteries are 5 available at lower speed setting~c For example, if the user is satisfied with the speed of the unit with only 4 batteries being used (i.e. position 2) as the power cells are used up and the motor begins to slow, additional power cells can be switched into the circuit by progressively rotating the section knob 28 to the next position. Eight power cells are shown although any number of cells may be incorporated into the design of the 1 o instrument.
As shown in Fig. 2, fluid reservoir 50 and fluid pump 60 are supported within hollcing neck 24. Fluid rese,voir 50 in~ des an inlet port 52 and an outlet port 54. An external fluid line 16, is connected to inlet port 52 and passes through the bottom of housing base 22. An internal fluid line 18 connects outlet port 54 to fluid nozzle 14. A
suction line 17, which is connected to suction nozzle 15, passes through housing 12 and exits through the bottom of housing base 22. As shown in Figs 7 and 8, fluid pump 60 is integrally connected to fluid reservoir 50 to define an internal fluid challll)er 51. Inlet port 52 in~ dec a one-way umbrella valve 53 for allowing fluid to enter fluid chamber 51.
Outlet port 54 incl~1des a one-way umbrella valve 55 for allowing fluid 4 to exit fluid 2 0 chamber 51.
Fluid pump 60 incll~des a tubular pump housing 62, a piston 70, a worm shaft 80 and a follower 90. Pump housing 60 inr~llldes a raised longit~l-1in~l ridge 64 which forms a lon~ihl~lin~l channel 65. Piston 70 is reciprocally disposed within inner chamber 13.
Piston 70 incllldes a flat head 72 and a tubular skirt 74 having an open aft end. As shown 2 5 in Fig. 1, piston skirt 74 has a through bore 76 and a slot 77. Also, an annular recess 79 is defined in the outer surface of skirt 74 adjac~nt piston head 72. An O-ring 78 is disposed within recess 79, which seals fluid chamber 51. Worm shaft 80 is rotatably disposed within the open aft end of piston 70. The drive shaft of motor 40 is connected to worm shaft 80, whereby operation of motor 40 axially rotates worm shaft 80 within 3 o piston 70. Worm shaft 80 has a continuous dual threaded groove 85 defined in body 82 for f~.ilit~tin~ reciprocal movelllent of follower 90 and piston 70. Groove 85 has both a right handed threaded portion 87 and a left handed threaded portion 89, which are ~ 2 1 97635 continuously joined at opposite ends of the worm shaft. Follower 90 in~ des a curved saddle 92 and a pcl~e~ r head 94. Saddle 92 is restrictively seated within groové 85 belw~n worm shaft 80 and the inner surface of piston skirt 74. Head 94 is fitted through piston bore 76 to connect piston 70 to follower 90 and extends partially into longit~ltlin~
channel 65.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the operation of fluid pump 60. Motor 40 rotates worm shaft 80 in a dockwise direction. With follower saddle 92 seated within groove 85 and rollow~l head 94 ~ ~ into channel 65, rotation of worm shaft 80 forces follower 90 to continuously travel back and forth along the length of the worm shaft. As shown in Fig. 7, follower saddle 92 is shiftably engaged within the right handed threaded portion 87 and follower 90 is pushed along in a real ward direction by the clockwise rotation of worm shaft 80. As shown in Fig. 8, follower saddle 92 is shiftably engaged within left handed threaded portion 89 and follower 90 is pushed along in a rOl ward direction by the clockwise rotation of worm shaft 80. Since the threaded portions are continuously joined at opposite ends of the worm shaft, follower saddle 92 continuously passes from one threaded portion to the opposite threaded portion at the ends of the worm shaft. The reciprocal movement of follower 90 drives piston 70 back and forth within pump housing 62. Figs. 7 and 8 show the realwald and fOlwald strokes of piston 70, respectively.
During the le~w~d stroke of piston 70, valve 55 is closed and fluid enters fluid ch~llber 2 o 51 through inlet port 52. During the forward stroke of piston 70, valve 53 is dosed and fluid is d;scl~,ed through outlet port 54. It should be noted that the follower's reciprocal m()velllt;ll~ is independent ofthe worm shaft's direction of rotation. Although Figs. 7 and 8 show worm shaft 80 rotated in a clockwise direction, rotating the worm shaft in a counterclockwise direction produces the same reciprocal movement of the follower, but 180 degrees out of phase.
In Figs. 6 - 8, worm shaft 80 is shown as having an equal number of turns for both right and left handed groove portions 87 and 89 for the simplicity of explaining the mechanical operation of fluid pump 60 only. As shown, right handed thread portion 87 of groove 85 has four (4) turns and left handed threaded portion 89 has four (4) turns, 3 o which cf)n~ teS a push-pull ratio of 4/4 with eight (8) revolutions per pump cycle. The number of turns of either groove portion det~rrnines the number of shaft revolutions required to move follower 90 the length of the worm shaft. While the worm shaft is - ' 2 i 97~5 -g shown as having an equal number of turns for both the right and left handed groove portions, the worm sha~ can be constructed with a variety of push-pull ratios. One skilled in the art will note that an inverse of a push-pull ratio (pull-push) of a particular worm shaft can be easily accomplished by reversing the shaft's direction of rotation.The action of fluid pump 60 ge~ ales a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulatedback plessule waverolm and thererole a modulated impact force v~averollll. A fluid stream which has a modulated wdverOIlll provides a more tactually pleasing fluid stream for a lavage patient. Fig. 10 shows the typical test equipment setup used to measure and map the back pressure waveform produced by fluid pump 100. A T-connector 103 fitted bet~-veen fluid pump 100 and a nozzle 104 is connected to a pressure tr~n~dncPr 105. The readings from pressure tr~n~duc~r 105 are recorded on a conventional oscilloscope 106.
The pushpull ratio ofthe worm sha~ dictates the mod~ tion of the pulsatile fluidstream's waveform. Generally, a worm shaft that has push-pull ratios less than one produces a modulated waveform with decleasing or decaying ~n plihlde peaks during each fluid pulse, and worm shaft that has push-pull ratios greater than one produces a modulated wav~r~llll with cor~ n pli~1de peaks during each fluid pulse. The number of amplitude peaks during each fiuid pulse is generally dictated by the number of turns on the worm shaft. Con~equP.ntly, various waveform modl~l~tir n~ can be achieved by varying the push-pull ratios and the number of groove turns on the worm shafts. Figs. 11 and 12 2 0 illustrate how the pushpull ratio affects the modulation of the back pres~ure vvaverolln for a typical worm shaft having a six/three push-pull ratio and a three/six push-pull ratio le~eelively. As shown in Fig. 11, a worm shaft having a 3/6 pushpull ratio produces a modulated back pressure waveform with decreasing or decaying amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse. As shown in Fig. 12, a worm shaft having a 6/3 push-pull ratio produces 2 5 a modulated back pressure w~verollll with constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse.
It is understood that the above description does not limit the invention to the details given, but may be modified within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (12)
1. A self powered lavage instrument used with an external fluid source for debridement of wounds and body cavities comprising:
an instrument housing, a fluid nozzle protruding from said housing, a fluid pump enclosed within said housing for forcing fluid from said fluid source through said nozzle to generate a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pressure waveform and thereby a modulated impact force waveform, an electrical motor enclosed within said housing and operably connected to said fluid pump for driving said fluid pump, and means contained within said housing for powering said motor.
an instrument housing, a fluid nozzle protruding from said housing, a fluid pump enclosed within said housing for forcing fluid from said fluid source through said nozzle to generate a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pressure waveform and thereby a modulated impact force waveform, an electrical motor enclosed within said housing and operably connected to said fluid pump for driving said fluid pump, and means contained within said housing for powering said motor.
2. The lavage instrument of Claim 1 wherein said back pressure waveform and said impact force waveform modulate at constant amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse of said pulsatile fluid stream.
3. The lavage instrument of Claim 1 wherein said back pressure waveform and said impact force waveform modulate at decreasing amplitude peaks during each fluid pulse of said pulsatile fluid stream.
4. The lavage instrument of Claim 1 wherein said power means includes a plurality of power cells electrically connected in series, and voltage selection means for electrically connecting said motor to one of said power cells connected in series to provide a discrete voltage to said motor, said housing being formed in at least two parts, wherein said two parts are selectively held together by a removable strap, wherein with said strap removed and the housing parts separated, the power cells may be easily removed.
5. The lavage instrument of Claim 4 wherein said voltage selection means includes a contactor rotatable between a plurality of discrete settings for making electrical connections between two of the power cells connected in series, and means for manually rotating said contactor arm between its discrete setting positions.
6. The lavage instrument of Claim 1 wherein said fluid pump includes a housing having an inner chamber defined therein, a piston shiftably disposed within said inner chamber for reciprocal movement within said housing to draw fluid into said inner chamber and to expel fluid from said inner chamber, said piston having an open aft end, a worm shaft extending longitudinally into said piston open aft end, said motor operably connected to said worm shaft for imparting rotational movement to said worm shaft within said piston, said worm shaft has a continuous dual threaded groove, and a follower part connected to said piston and shiftably engaged within said groove for bi-directional movement along the length of said worm part when said worm shaft is rotated to reciprocate said piston within said housing.
7. The lavage instrument of Claim 6 wherein said groove has a first threaded portion and a second reverse threaded portion continuously mated with said first threaded portion, said follower part is engaged within said first threaded portion for longitudinal movement along said worm shaft in one direction when said worm shaft is rotated, and said follower part is engaged within said second threaded portion for longitudinal movement along said worm shaft in the opposite direction when said worm shaft isrotated.
8. The pump of Claim 6 wherein said piston includes a saddle and a tubular skirt forming said open aft end.
9. The pump of Claim 6 wherein said skirt has a bore defined therein, said follower includes a head part, said head part extends through said skirt bore to connect said follower to said piston.
10. The pump of Claim 9 wherein said cylinder housing having a longitudinal channel defined therein, said head part extends partially into said channel for translational movement therein when said worm shaft is rotated.
11. A lavage instrument having a pump enclosed within said housing for forcing fluid from a fluid source through a nozzle to generate a pulsatile fluid stream having a modulated back pressure waveform and thereby a modulated impact force waveform.
12. The lavage instrument of Claim 11 wherein the modulated back pressure waveform is in a form other than a sinusoidal waveform.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60223196A | 1996-02-15 | 1996-02-15 | |
| US08/602,231 | 1996-02-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2197635A1 true CA2197635A1 (en) | 1997-08-16 |
Family
ID=24410515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002197635A Abandoned CA2197635A1 (en) | 1996-02-15 | 1997-02-14 | Lavage instrument |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5882319A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2197635A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2310143A (en) |
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| US20070044627A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Clem Todd L | Speed and stroke control method and apparatus for a product table of a food slicer |
| CN105338924B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-05-03 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Oral cleaning device with adjustable fluid dynamics |
| US10264740B2 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2019-04-23 | Pivot Pup Irrigation, LLC | Irrigating soils and crops |
| US11077236B2 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2021-08-03 | Genicon, Inc. | Powered lavage handle and associated use therefore |
| DE202017106855U1 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-01-12 | Olaf Thiessies | Lavage system |
| WO2021138636A1 (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-08 | Afreecar Llc | Configurable electric vehicle power and propulsion kit |
| WO2024012447A1 (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-18 | 格力博(江苏)股份有限公司 | Cleaning machine |
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| US2470888A (en) * | 1944-10-28 | 1949-05-24 | Henry M Unsehuld | Deep well pump |
| US2705592A (en) * | 1951-02-28 | 1955-04-05 | Albert L Reiser | Fluid displacing mechanism |
| US3227158A (en) * | 1961-05-08 | 1966-01-04 | Aquatec Corp | Method and apparatus for oral hygiene |
| US3299720A (en) * | 1964-07-20 | 1967-01-24 | Mid Continent Steel Casting Co | Piston pump with transverse thread actuator |
| CH500709A (en) * | 1968-08-16 | 1970-12-31 | Woog Inst Rech | Oral hygiene device |
| CH519907A (en) * | 1969-12-24 | 1972-03-15 | Woog Inst Rech | Oral hygiene device |
| US4145166A (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1979-03-20 | Camact Pump Corp. | Displacement pump |
| DE2901136C2 (en) * | 1979-01-12 | 1982-03-18 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Handheld device for dental care or dental treatment |
| US4302186A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1981-11-24 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | Oral hygiene appliances |
| US4282867A (en) * | 1979-12-05 | 1981-08-11 | Christopher Edward | Cleaning fluid injection device |
| US4655197A (en) * | 1982-12-01 | 1987-04-07 | Snyder Laboratories, Inc. | Lavage system with variable frequency, flow rate and pressure |
| US5246367A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1993-09-21 | Ricoh Elemex Corporation | Mouth cavity sanitary device |
| GB2262890B (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1995-07-12 | Bridge House Lab Limited | Improvements relating to equipment for periodontal irrigation |
| US5542909A (en) * | 1992-06-12 | 1996-08-06 | Camp; Gregory T. | Water jet appliance |
| US5470305A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1995-11-28 | Stryker Corporation | Irrigation handpiece with built in pulsing pump |
-
1996
- 1996-08-21 US US08/704,482 patent/US5882319A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 CA CA002197635A patent/CA2197635A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-02-14 GB GB9703065A patent/GB2310143A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5882319A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
| GB9703065D0 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
| GB2310143A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |