CA2177989C - Slip track assembly - Google Patents
Slip track assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2177989C CA2177989C CA002177989A CA2177989A CA2177989C CA 2177989 C CA2177989 C CA 2177989C CA 002177989 A CA002177989 A CA 002177989A CA 2177989 A CA2177989 A CA 2177989A CA 2177989 C CA2177989 C CA 2177989C
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slip track
- wall member
- overhead structure
- studs
- primary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Abstract
A slip track assembly having a slip track (12) and a non-combustible secondary wall member (22) which together are fastened to an overhead roof structure (14) and slidingly bearing stud wall (16) so as to provide a desired fire barrier connection.
Description
R'O 95/15424 ~ ,~ ~ ~ PCTlUS94l13883 $LIP TRACK ASSEMBLY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed generally to the field of construction and, more particularly, to ' fire barrier connections between a non-load bearing stud wall and an overhead structure.
EACKGROUND OF THE INVENTInu There appears to be an increasing awareness among architects and specification writers of the need to protect the public through the use of fire-rated partitions. Code officials also are more aggressively enforcing fire codes and paying closer attention to the many details that are necessary in firewall construction. They are taking these actions to ensure that fire-rated partitions perform as intended.
Building codes typically require fireproof ratings of one hour, two hours, or some other time period for walls and connections between walls and the roof or other overhead structure.
A typical wall to roof connection is an inverted U-shaped longitudinal slip track which receives studs between the legs of the U-shaped track. A wall board is attached to at least one side of the studs.
One of the legs of the slip track is received between the studs and the wall board. The studs and wall board are spaced from the overhead structure or roof in order to allow for settling or other movement of the overhead structure or roof with respect to the wall. A caulking is-installed next to the slip track in the space between . the wall board and the overhead structure. The caulking and wall board have the appropriate fire rating.
Problems with this typical connection is that not only is the caulking expensive, but it has a tendency to harden and crack during settling of the overhead structure. The caulking can then crumble away and leave voids.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed generally to the field of construction and, more particularly, to ' fire barrier connections between a non-load bearing stud wall and an overhead structure.
EACKGROUND OF THE INVENTInu There appears to be an increasing awareness among architects and specification writers of the need to protect the public through the use of fire-rated partitions. Code officials also are more aggressively enforcing fire codes and paying closer attention to the many details that are necessary in firewall construction. They are taking these actions to ensure that fire-rated partitions perform as intended.
Building codes typically require fireproof ratings of one hour, two hours, or some other time period for walls and connections between walls and the roof or other overhead structure.
A typical wall to roof connection is an inverted U-shaped longitudinal slip track which receives studs between the legs of the U-shaped track. A wall board is attached to at least one side of the studs.
One of the legs of the slip track is received between the studs and the wall board. The studs and wall board are spaced from the overhead structure or roof in order to allow for settling or other movement of the overhead structure or roof with respect to the wall. A caulking is-installed next to the slip track in the space between . the wall board and the overhead structure. The caulking and wall board have the appropriate fire rating.
Problems with this typical connection is that not only is the caulking expensive, but it has a tendency to harden and crack during settling of the overhead structure. The caulking can then crumble away and leave voids.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a slip track assembly for connecting a stud wall and an overhead structure. The slip track assembly includes a slip track with parallel first and second surfaces , offset from one another on a common side of the studs of the wall. The track also includes a third surface on the opposite aide of the studs. The track has a horizontal surface extending between two of the surfaces so that the horizontal surface can be fastened to the overhead structure. The slip track assembly further includes a non-combustible secondary wall member and mechanism for attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track. The secondary wall member has an edge adjacent to the overhead structure and is slidable with respect to a primary wall member attached to the studs.
The slip track assembly eliminates the need for caulking and rather, as a result of the shape of the slip track, provides for use of a secondary wall member to complete a fire barrier between the primary wall member and the overhead structure, such as a roof.
The method of using the slip track assembly for providing a fire barrier connection between a stud wall and an overhead structure includes attaching the slip track to the overhead structure, installing the studs in a sliding relationship between the first and third surfaces of the slip track and attaching the , primary wall member to the studs so as to have a sliding relationship with the first=surface of the-slip track, and attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track so as to be adjacent to the overhead structure and to have a sliding relationship with the primary wall member.
The present invention is thus simple, economical, environmentally friendly, and easy to R'O 95115424 ~ PCTIIlS94113883 install since it uses the same materials as those required to construct the stud wall.
HRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view showing in profile a slip track assembly in accordance with the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternate embodiment; and FIGURES 3-7 are further alternatives shown generally in cross-section and illustrating variations on the general-shapes of the embodiments of FIGURES 1 and 2.
DETAILED DESCRIP'T'ION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and more particularly to FIGURE 1, a preferred slip track assembly in accordance with the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 10. Slip track assembly 10 includes a-slip track 12 fastened to an overhead structure 14, such as a roof. A non-load bearing stud wall 16 is formed from a plurality of studs, such as the stud 18 shown, and a primary wall member 20 attached thereto. A secondary wall member 22 is attached to slip track 12 and extends between overhead structure 14 and primary wall member 20.
Slip track 12 is shown in FIGURE 1 as a unitary member. Slip track 12 has any convenient length. It is preferably metallic. Siip track 12 has parallel first and second surfaces 24 and 26 offset from one another on a common side of studs 18. Slip track 12 includes third and fourth surfaces 28 and 30 on an . opposite side of stud 18. Stud I8 is received between the portions of slip track 12 identified as first and third surfaces 24 and 28. Horizontal surfaces 32 and 34 extend between first and second surfaces 24 and 26 and between third and fourth surfaces 28 and 30, 4 ~ ~ ~ ~ PCTlUS94/13883 respectively. A horizontal surface 36 extends between surfaces 26 and 30.
Primary wall member 20 is fastened to stud 18 in a conventional fashion, as with screws 38. Stud 18 is commonly a metallic post, but could be wood or other material conventionally used as a stud. Primary wall member 20 is commonly gypsum board, but could be other wall material having a required fire rating for the particular application. In that regard, it is understood that primary wall member 20 could also be multiple layers of wall material to create the required fire rating. Stud 18 is spaced from roof structure 14 a distance S1. Distance S1 is commonly about one inch, but could be more. Likewise, primary wall member 20 is spaced a-distance S2 from horizontal surface 32. -Distance S2 is also generally approximately one inch, but could be more. The primary wall member on the opposite side of stud 18 as member 20 is installed similarly. First and third surfaces 24 and 28 have a sliding relationship between the primary wall members and stud 18.
Slip track 12 is attached to roof-structure 14 with screws 40 or other common attachment mechanisms.
Secondary wall member 22 extends from having an edge 42 adjacent to overhead structure 14 down to and overlapping in a slidable relationship with primary wall member 20. Secondary wall member 22 is attached to second surface 26 with screws 44 or other conventional fastening mechanism. Similarly, a secondary wall member on the side of stud 18 opposite secondary wall member 22 is shown attached to slip track 12. The secondary wall members are made of material similar to the primary wall members and have a similar-thickness so as toprovide a similar fire. rating.
Slip track assembly 12 is necessarily adjacent to and attached to an overhead structure, such as a roof. In that regard, the ceiling of a room may be R'O 95115414 ~ PGTIUS94113883 spaced beneath assembly 10 as shown by line 46. A floor 48 is also shown.
In use, the embodiment of FIGURE 1 involves attaching slip track 12 to overhead structure 14 with 5 screws 40. Studs 18 are retained and otherwise fastened in a conventional way between a track 50 attached to floor 48 and first and third surfaces 24 and 28 of slip track 12. The primary wall members 20 are attached to studs 18 so that primary wall members 20 can slide between secondary wall members 22 and first or third surfaces 24 or 28, while stud 18 is allowed to also slide relative to first and third surfaces 24 and 28.
Finally, secondary wall members 22 are fastened to second and fourth surfaces 26 and 30. Secondary wall members 22 cover the apace between the top end of primary wall members 20 and the overhead structure 14 and do so in a way which allows movement between slip track structure attached to overhead structure 14 and the stud wall structure. Thus, the overhead structure 14, slip track 12, and secondary wall member s can move relative to studs 18 and primary wall members 20 the distances S1 or S2, the two distances being very similar in length.
A second embodiment is shown in FIGURE 2 wherein like structure to that of FIGURE 1 is identified by like numerals, only primed. In that regard, slip track 12' has a different shape which results in secondary wall-members 22' being on-the inside of primary wall members 20'.- Otherwise, the construction 3D ofthe second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment.
Slip track 12' has first and third surfaces 24' and 28' spaced apart further from one another than second and fourth surfaces 26' and 30'. Horizontal surfaces 32' and 34' extend between first and second surfaces 24' and 26' and between third and fourth surfaces 28' and 30'. Horizontal surface 36' extends R'O 95/15414 ,~,, PCTlIJ894113883 between second and fourth surfaces 26' and 30' and is attached to the overhead structure 14'. Secondary wall members 22' fill the space between horizontal surfaces .' 32', 34' and overhead structure 14'_ Stud 18' is spaced a distance S1' from horizontal surfaces 32' and 34', while primary wall members 20' are spaced a distance S2' from overhead structure 14'. In this way, slip track 12' and primary and secondary wall members 20' and 22' function to provide a fire barrier between the stud wall and the overhead structure: At the same time, space is provided for settling and expansion.
The embodiments shown in FIGBRES 3-7 illustrate further variations possible. In FIGURE 3, a pair of slip tracks 52 are-shown with each having a single vertical surface 54_extending to horizontal surface 56 which is attached to the overhead structure.
The stud is received between the first surface 58 and surface 54. Secondary wall members 60 are shown in double layer, are attached to second surface 53, and extend beyond sliptrack 52 and a beam 62 to roof 64.
Slip track assembly 66 functions, however, similar to slip track assemblies 10 and 10'. A mirror image of slip track assembly 66 and-the construction associated with it is shown on the left of FIGURE 3. Such mirror -image construction need not, however, be necessary depending on the construction of a particular facility.
Slip track assembly 68 in FIGURE 4 is the same as slip track assembly 10 except that one of primary wall members 20 is spaced from stud 18 by a spacer 70.
Although primary wall member 20 and secondary wall member 22 are in an overlapping, sliding relationship with one another, primary wall member 20 is not in contact with first surface_24.
The embodiments of slip tracks shown in FIGURES 5-7 illustrate that the slip tracks are integral members, but not necessarily unitary. With respect to FIGURE 5, the third surfaces 72 are formed by one leg of an L-shaped piece screwed, pop riveted, welded, or otherwise fastened to an inverted U-shaped member 74. A
similar result is achieved on one side as shown in ., FIGURE 6. With respect to FIGURE 7, the reverse profile of FIGURE 2 is obtained using a member 76 having offset parallel surfaces 78,80 running in opposite directions from a horizontal surface 82. One of the parallel surfaces, for example, surface 80 is fastened to an inverted U-shaped member 84.
It is further noted that the slip tracks of the present invention can also be used vertically or in other orientations at dissimilar constructions to provide a fire barrier and provide for expansion.
The present invention, thus, achieves a fire barrier connection which provides for movement between the overhead structure and the stud wall. The slip track assembly functions in a telescoping fashion. In this way, there is no material which has to be compressed so as to be subject to possible hardening and breaking. The slip track assembly can be constructed with materials which provide for an appropriate fire rating. The assembly then maintains for the lifetime of the materials the fire protection desired.
Thus, numerous characteristics and advantages of the invention have been set forth, together with details of structure and function. It is to be understood, however, that the disclosure is illustrative only. Therefore, any changes made, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement, to the full extent extended by the general meaningof the terms in which the appended claims are expressed, are within the ' principle of the invention.
The present invention is directed to a slip track assembly for connecting a stud wall and an overhead structure. The slip track assembly includes a slip track with parallel first and second surfaces , offset from one another on a common side of the studs of the wall. The track also includes a third surface on the opposite aide of the studs. The track has a horizontal surface extending between two of the surfaces so that the horizontal surface can be fastened to the overhead structure. The slip track assembly further includes a non-combustible secondary wall member and mechanism for attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track. The secondary wall member has an edge adjacent to the overhead structure and is slidable with respect to a primary wall member attached to the studs.
The slip track assembly eliminates the need for caulking and rather, as a result of the shape of the slip track, provides for use of a secondary wall member to complete a fire barrier between the primary wall member and the overhead structure, such as a roof.
The method of using the slip track assembly for providing a fire barrier connection between a stud wall and an overhead structure includes attaching the slip track to the overhead structure, installing the studs in a sliding relationship between the first and third surfaces of the slip track and attaching the , primary wall member to the studs so as to have a sliding relationship with the first=surface of the-slip track, and attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track so as to be adjacent to the overhead structure and to have a sliding relationship with the primary wall member.
The present invention is thus simple, economical, environmentally friendly, and easy to R'O 95115424 ~ PCTIIlS94113883 install since it uses the same materials as those required to construct the stud wall.
HRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view showing in profile a slip track assembly in accordance with the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an alternate embodiment; and FIGURES 3-7 are further alternatives shown generally in cross-section and illustrating variations on the general-shapes of the embodiments of FIGURES 1 and 2.
DETAILED DESCRIP'T'ION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and more particularly to FIGURE 1, a preferred slip track assembly in accordance with the present invention is designated generally by the numeral 10. Slip track assembly 10 includes a-slip track 12 fastened to an overhead structure 14, such as a roof. A non-load bearing stud wall 16 is formed from a plurality of studs, such as the stud 18 shown, and a primary wall member 20 attached thereto. A secondary wall member 22 is attached to slip track 12 and extends between overhead structure 14 and primary wall member 20.
Slip track 12 is shown in FIGURE 1 as a unitary member. Slip track 12 has any convenient length. It is preferably metallic. Siip track 12 has parallel first and second surfaces 24 and 26 offset from one another on a common side of studs 18. Slip track 12 includes third and fourth surfaces 28 and 30 on an . opposite side of stud 18. Stud I8 is received between the portions of slip track 12 identified as first and third surfaces 24 and 28. Horizontal surfaces 32 and 34 extend between first and second surfaces 24 and 26 and between third and fourth surfaces 28 and 30, 4 ~ ~ ~ ~ PCTlUS94/13883 respectively. A horizontal surface 36 extends between surfaces 26 and 30.
Primary wall member 20 is fastened to stud 18 in a conventional fashion, as with screws 38. Stud 18 is commonly a metallic post, but could be wood or other material conventionally used as a stud. Primary wall member 20 is commonly gypsum board, but could be other wall material having a required fire rating for the particular application. In that regard, it is understood that primary wall member 20 could also be multiple layers of wall material to create the required fire rating. Stud 18 is spaced from roof structure 14 a distance S1. Distance S1 is commonly about one inch, but could be more. Likewise, primary wall member 20 is spaced a-distance S2 from horizontal surface 32. -Distance S2 is also generally approximately one inch, but could be more. The primary wall member on the opposite side of stud 18 as member 20 is installed similarly. First and third surfaces 24 and 28 have a sliding relationship between the primary wall members and stud 18.
Slip track 12 is attached to roof-structure 14 with screws 40 or other common attachment mechanisms.
Secondary wall member 22 extends from having an edge 42 adjacent to overhead structure 14 down to and overlapping in a slidable relationship with primary wall member 20. Secondary wall member 22 is attached to second surface 26 with screws 44 or other conventional fastening mechanism. Similarly, a secondary wall member on the side of stud 18 opposite secondary wall member 22 is shown attached to slip track 12. The secondary wall members are made of material similar to the primary wall members and have a similar-thickness so as toprovide a similar fire. rating.
Slip track assembly 12 is necessarily adjacent to and attached to an overhead structure, such as a roof. In that regard, the ceiling of a room may be R'O 95115414 ~ PGTIUS94113883 spaced beneath assembly 10 as shown by line 46. A floor 48 is also shown.
In use, the embodiment of FIGURE 1 involves attaching slip track 12 to overhead structure 14 with 5 screws 40. Studs 18 are retained and otherwise fastened in a conventional way between a track 50 attached to floor 48 and first and third surfaces 24 and 28 of slip track 12. The primary wall members 20 are attached to studs 18 so that primary wall members 20 can slide between secondary wall members 22 and first or third surfaces 24 or 28, while stud 18 is allowed to also slide relative to first and third surfaces 24 and 28.
Finally, secondary wall members 22 are fastened to second and fourth surfaces 26 and 30. Secondary wall members 22 cover the apace between the top end of primary wall members 20 and the overhead structure 14 and do so in a way which allows movement between slip track structure attached to overhead structure 14 and the stud wall structure. Thus, the overhead structure 14, slip track 12, and secondary wall member s can move relative to studs 18 and primary wall members 20 the distances S1 or S2, the two distances being very similar in length.
A second embodiment is shown in FIGURE 2 wherein like structure to that of FIGURE 1 is identified by like numerals, only primed. In that regard, slip track 12' has a different shape which results in secondary wall-members 22' being on-the inside of primary wall members 20'.- Otherwise, the construction 3D ofthe second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment.
Slip track 12' has first and third surfaces 24' and 28' spaced apart further from one another than second and fourth surfaces 26' and 30'. Horizontal surfaces 32' and 34' extend between first and second surfaces 24' and 26' and between third and fourth surfaces 28' and 30'. Horizontal surface 36' extends R'O 95/15414 ,~,, PCTlIJ894113883 between second and fourth surfaces 26' and 30' and is attached to the overhead structure 14'. Secondary wall members 22' fill the space between horizontal surfaces .' 32', 34' and overhead structure 14'_ Stud 18' is spaced a distance S1' from horizontal surfaces 32' and 34', while primary wall members 20' are spaced a distance S2' from overhead structure 14'. In this way, slip track 12' and primary and secondary wall members 20' and 22' function to provide a fire barrier between the stud wall and the overhead structure: At the same time, space is provided for settling and expansion.
The embodiments shown in FIGBRES 3-7 illustrate further variations possible. In FIGURE 3, a pair of slip tracks 52 are-shown with each having a single vertical surface 54_extending to horizontal surface 56 which is attached to the overhead structure.
The stud is received between the first surface 58 and surface 54. Secondary wall members 60 are shown in double layer, are attached to second surface 53, and extend beyond sliptrack 52 and a beam 62 to roof 64.
Slip track assembly 66 functions, however, similar to slip track assemblies 10 and 10'. A mirror image of slip track assembly 66 and-the construction associated with it is shown on the left of FIGURE 3. Such mirror -image construction need not, however, be necessary depending on the construction of a particular facility.
Slip track assembly 68 in FIGURE 4 is the same as slip track assembly 10 except that one of primary wall members 20 is spaced from stud 18 by a spacer 70.
Although primary wall member 20 and secondary wall member 22 are in an overlapping, sliding relationship with one another, primary wall member 20 is not in contact with first surface_24.
The embodiments of slip tracks shown in FIGURES 5-7 illustrate that the slip tracks are integral members, but not necessarily unitary. With respect to FIGURE 5, the third surfaces 72 are formed by one leg of an L-shaped piece screwed, pop riveted, welded, or otherwise fastened to an inverted U-shaped member 74. A
similar result is achieved on one side as shown in ., FIGURE 6. With respect to FIGURE 7, the reverse profile of FIGURE 2 is obtained using a member 76 having offset parallel surfaces 78,80 running in opposite directions from a horizontal surface 82. One of the parallel surfaces, for example, surface 80 is fastened to an inverted U-shaped member 84.
It is further noted that the slip tracks of the present invention can also be used vertically or in other orientations at dissimilar constructions to provide a fire barrier and provide for expansion.
The present invention, thus, achieves a fire barrier connection which provides for movement between the overhead structure and the stud wall. The slip track assembly functions in a telescoping fashion. In this way, there is no material which has to be compressed so as to be subject to possible hardening and breaking. The slip track assembly can be constructed with materials which provide for an appropriate fire rating. The assembly then maintains for the lifetime of the materials the fire protection desired.
Thus, numerous characteristics and advantages of the invention have been set forth, together with details of structure and function. It is to be understood, however, that the disclosure is illustrative only. Therefore, any changes made, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement, to the full extent extended by the general meaningof the terms in which the appended claims are expressed, are within the ' principle of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A slip track assembly for connecting a stud wall and an overhead structure, the stud wall comprising a plurality of studs with a primary noncombustible wall member attached thereto, the studs and the primary wall member being spaced from the overhead structure, said slip track assembly comprising:
a slip track mechanism with parallel first and second surfaces offset from one another on a common side of the studs, said slip track mechanism including a third surface on a side opposite said common side, the studs being slidably received between said first and third surfaces, said slip track mechanism further including a horizontal surface between said second and third surfaces for fastening to the overhead structure, said slip track mechanism also including means for connecting said horizontal surface with the overhead structure;
a noncombustible secondary wall member; and means for attaching said secondary wall member to said second surface so that it is slidable with respect to said primary wall member;
wherein on installation said first and second surfaces of said slip track mechanism and said secondary wall member relative to said primary wall member provide a slidable fire barrier connection between the overhead structure and the stud wall.
a slip track mechanism with parallel first and second surfaces offset from one another on a common side of the studs, said slip track mechanism including a third surface on a side opposite said common side, the studs being slidably received between said first and third surfaces, said slip track mechanism further including a horizontal surface between said second and third surfaces for fastening to the overhead structure, said slip track mechanism also including means for connecting said horizontal surface with the overhead structure;
a noncombustible secondary wall member; and means for attaching said secondary wall member to said second surface so that it is slidable with respect to said primary wall member;
wherein on installation said first and second surfaces of said slip track mechanism and said secondary wall member relative to said primary wall member provide a slidable fire barrier connection between the overhead structure and the stud wall.
2. The slip track assembly in accordance with claim 1, wherein said slip track mechanism includes first and second members fastened together, said first member providing said first and third surfaces and said second member providing said second surface.
3. The slip track assembly in accordance with claim 1, wherein said slip track mechanism includes first and second members fastened together, said first member providing said first and second surfaces and said second member providing said third surface.
4. A method for using a slip track assembly for providing a fire barrier connection between a stud wall and an overhead structure, the stud wall including a plurality of studs and a noncombustible primary wall member, the slip track assembly including a slip track mechanism with offset parallel first, second, and third surfaces and further including a noncombustible secondary wall member, said method comprising the steps of:
attaching the slip track mechanism to the overhead structure;
installing the studs in a sliding relationship between the first and third surfaces of the slip track mechanism and attaching the primary wall member to the studs; and attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track mechanism so as to be adjacent to the overhead structure and to have a sliding relationship with the primary wall member.
attaching the slip track mechanism to the overhead structure;
installing the studs in a sliding relationship between the first and third surfaces of the slip track mechanism and attaching the primary wall member to the studs; and attaching the secondary wall member to the second surface of the slip track mechanism so as to be adjacent to the overhead structure and to have a sliding relationship with the primary wall member.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/160,406 | 1993-12-02 | ||
| US08/160,406 US5471805A (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1993-12-02 | Slip track assembly |
| PCT/US1994/013883 WO1995015424A1 (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1994-12-02 | Slip track assembly |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2177989A1 CA2177989A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
| CA2177989C true CA2177989C (en) | 2006-07-04 |
Family
ID=36648492
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002177989A Expired - Lifetime CA2177989C (en) | 1993-12-02 | 1994-12-02 | Slip track assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2177989C (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-12-02 CA CA002177989A patent/CA2177989C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2177989A1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20141202 |