CA1200568A - Automatic battery stacker - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

Apparatus for automatically stacking battery plates and separators is disclosed. Battery plates and separators elements are alternately and automatically combined on a conveyor belt to form sandwiches wherein a plurality of such sandwiches are later assembled for use in battery cells. Prior to combining the elements, the plates and separators are arranged in respective chutes for access by pivotably mounted vacuum pickup heads, which cycle between the chutes and the conveyor belt. The vacuum pickup heads capture the topmost elements in the chutes irrespective of the height at which the plates and separators may be stacked therein. In order to access the elements within the chutes, a jet sensor is provided with the pickup head that acts as a proximity detector. When vacuum is not being utilized for pickup purposes, it is utilized in an environmental mode where it is used to remove lead dust and particles around the stacking area.

Description

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AUTO~ATIC BATTERY STACKER

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The present invention pertains to the field of battery assembly, and in particular relates to the art of stacking battery plates and separators for use in such~ battery assembly.

Description Of The Prior Art Prior art disclosures relating to automatic stacking equipment of battery plate and separator elements have been noted for their complexity, and may be demonstrated by teachings in patents U.S. 3,982,624 and 4,168,772. In prior art patent U.S.
4,168,772, for example, apparatus is disclosed that is characterized by such mechanical complexity in a form of escapement mechanisms, hold back devices~ spring and retaining fingers, vibrators, separator and fluffing meansS` clamps~ gates, advancing or stacking chains and knife means. A reason for the above mentioned complexity lies in a co~plicated arrangement for selecting a topmost plate or separator element from a chute containing a plurality of such elements. As the plates, for example~ are located within the chutes i~ a downwardly facing orientation at each station in the prior art stacking machine3 it is necessary that the leading plate in the chute be positioned at a certain fixed distance with respect to the vacuum pickup in order to achieve successful withdra~al therefrom. Th;s is provided by use of a descending spring finger that is positioned above the chuteO The spring finger freely engages the upper plate edges at a location ~here there are a plurality of plates between a discharge point at the end of the chute and the spring finger~

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The spring finger functions in a manner to urge the plates forward ln the chute against the two retaining fingers.
After urging a plurality o plates toward the dlscharge point at the end of the chute and against the two retaining fingers, a knife edge is driven between the first and second plates in the chutes at the same time that a resilient rnember descends to engage their upper surfaces except for the first plate. Separating the first plate from the stack and engaging the remaining thereof with a resilient member enables the vacuum 1~ pickup to remove the lead plate without disturbing the other plates.
Other complexities of the prior art above-mentioned involve the ~Ise of vibrators to order to create within the chute a vibratory action whereby the separators are made to lie flat therein. This mechanical arrangement involves use o~ a plurality of eccentrics for creating the vibratory action within the chute so that it tends to shake down the separators evenly and therefore maintain their bottom edges in a flat orientation~
It will become readily apparent herein that the instant invention is characterized by relative simplicity in design and operation vis-a-vis the prior art above discussed. This simplicity in overall design characteristics resul~s in economics of scale and overall improved system performance.
Furthermore, in view of the jet sensor utilized with each vacuum pickup of this invention, there is no requirement that a plate or separator be located at a fixed position with respect to the vacuum pickup as in the prior art. In the present invention therefore, the vacuum pickup selects a plate or separator ~?llerever it may be located in a chute, rathe~ than having the pickup position itself with respect to the element at a fixed location as in the prior art.

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The air jet proximity detector of this invention permits simplified chute design for storing plates and separators ele~ents in processing by the automatic stacker, since the elements can be stored therein with an upright orientation so that the elements can be freely removed therefrom. Hence, any need for vibratory action, spring and retaining fingers, knife separators and the like with respect to the chute is obviated.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a novel apparatus and method for stacking battery plates and separator elements in the form of a sandwich that is relatively simple in design and operation.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading of the detailed description of the preferred embodiment, and the appended claims, as well as elsewhere herein.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with one aspect of the invention there is provided a cup member having a central opening and surrounded by a ~lexible ring to capture an article by a vacuum drawn through said central opening, the improve-ment comprising means suspended across said opening for indicating proximity when said article becomes captured by said apparatus through said vacuum.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of selecting a topmost element from a plurality o~ an accessing means which may be extended or retracted from said topmost element comprising the steps of (a) extending said -3-~

accessing means in a direction of said topmost element of said plurality of elements, (b) applying a negative pressure to said accessing means so that it is drawn therethrough, (c) simultaneously applying a positive pressure to said accessing means that is emitted there-through, (d) said topmost element being captured by the accessing means when in proximity thereto by said negative pressure and further emission of said positive pressure from said accessing means being blocked by said capture, thereby initiating retraction of said accessing means away from said plurality of elements.
The invention provides an automatic stacker for use with battery plates and separator elements wherein proximity sensing vacuum pickups are utilized. The vacuum pickups, which may be extended or retracted, are angularly positioned in alignment with respective chutes, each of which contains either plates or separators arranged in a stack. In operation, the pickups are extended to a point in proximity to a topmost element of a respective stack where the plate or separator, as the case may be, is loaded thereon. As soon as the element is loaded onto the pickup, a coupled air jet sensor activates a control mechanism for retracting the pickup from its associated chute. After all of the pickups have been retracted, they are rotated to a vertical position where they are brought over and deposited onto a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is thereafter advanced a -3a-/
) 5~8 (~-short distance to a next work station under an adjacent pickup and the procedure is repeated. Accordingly, the vacuum pickups respectively deposit a plate or separator over the previously deposited plate or separator on the conveyor until a sandwich of 5 alternately stacked plates and separators of sufficient number Is formed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the stacker apparatus with a portion of the cabinet partially broken away to show its internal configuration;
Fi.gure 2 is a partial section on line 2-2 of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a vertical section through line 3-3 of a vacuum pickup shown in a retracted position on Figure 2;
Figure 3A i5 a view of the pickup in Figure 3 shown in a fully extended position;
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view through line 4-4 on Figure l;
Figure 5 is an isometric view of Figure 4 showing placement by pickups of. battery elements on the conveyor;
Figure 6 are various views of a suction cup of this invention wherein:
, .. ,,, . ,, .. . ~ , . . , . . . . .. . .. _ . .. .. ... .. . . .. . .. ..
Figure 6A i5 a bottom perspective of the suction cup;
Figure 6B is a bottom perspective of the suction cup including a cover arrangement;
Figure 6C is a top planar view on Figure 6A;
Figure 6D is a sectional view taken on 6D-6D on Figure 6C;
Figure 7 are various views of the pickup operation of this invention wherein:
3~ Figure 7A is a partial view through one of the vacuum 5~

pickups showing the position of a suction cup as it approaches the battery separator or plate element, Figure 7B is a partial view through one on the vacuum pickups wherein the suction cup is shown with respective to the topmost battery element which is being lifted from a stack;
Figure 7C is a partial view through one of the vacuum pickup wherein a button device suspended across the suction cup is shown blocking a positive pressure orifice during its retraction;
Figure 8 is end view of a switching arrangement for moving a vacuum source from one vacuum manifold to an adjacent vacuum manifold ;
Figure 9 illustrates an end view of a rotating vacuum manifold including a finger device for actuating associated limit valves;
Figure 10 is a schematic of air logic used with the automatic battery stacker of the invention wherein:
Figure lOA is a portion of the air logic; and Figure lOB is a remaining portion thereof;
Figure 11 is a schematic of the jet sensing system utilized in this invention;
Figure 12 is a schematic of a cup extend cylinder system;
Figure 13 is a schematic of a rotate cylinder system;
Figure 14 is a schematic of a backstop cylinder system;
Figure 15 is a schematic of a vacuum cylinder system9 Figure 16 is a schematic o a belt advance cylinder system.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a frontal arrangement of the battery stacker 10 of the present invention.
Eleven vacuum pickups lla-llk (hereinafter 11), are shown attached to a rotating vacuum manifol~d 20, and in an unenergized state are vertically oriented over a conveyor belt 29. A
plurality of chutes 15a-15k (hereinafter 15) are provided for stacking and storing a plurality of battery plates and separators. With each respective pickup 11, there is associated a chute 15 containing either battery plates or separators. By way of example, pickup lla is associated with chute 15a, which contains battery plates, whereas pickup llb is associated with chute 15b, which contain battery separators. Therefore, the chutes 15a to 15k in general are alternately filled with plates and separators.
The chutes 15 are biased inwardly toward the conveyor belt 29 so that they are aligned with pickup 11 when the manifold 20 is rotated counterclocki~ise through an angle (as viewed from the left end of Figure 1). In the preferred embodirnent, the pickups 11 are rotated through an angle of thiry-five degrees with respect to their vertical orientation so that each is directly above its associated chute lS. The pickups 11 are oriented to an angular position over chutes 15 with respect to their vertical orientation ~:hen stacker 10 is in a condîtion to begin the stacking operation.
After the vacuum pickups 11 are rotated through the thirty-five degree angle, they are extended until each is in proxirnity to a battery plate or separator in an assoc;ated chute 15. I7hen the pickups 11 are in proximity to the topmost plate or separator in each chute lS, it is captured thereby. ~he pickups ~ ~g~35~ ~

11 are thereafter retracted, after which they are rotated back to the vertical position. The vacuum in the manifold 20 is then cut off, thereby releasing the plate or separator element onto the conveyor belt 29. It should be noted that the pickups 11 to which the battery element is attached are retracted prior to rotating back to the vertical position in order to avoid contacting and possibly damaging the sides of the chutes 15.
The conveyor belt 29 is next indexed such that each deposited element is moved to a next adjacent work station directly over the next pickup 11 and chute 15. The process is repeated so that another battery plate or separator element is deposited on a previously deposited element until a desired level is achieved. The stacker 10 is designed so that it may be readily modified so that thickness of the sandwich may be varied in order to accommodate different size batteries. This feature will be described in a later paragraph.
The pickups 11 are retracted and extended by means of cup extend cylinders 59 in association with their respective piston rods 30. The piston rods 30 in combination with the cylinders 59 cause the pickups 11 to extend and retract as required during the stacking operation. When all of the pickups 11 are retracted, the piston rods 30 place respective two-~?ay air valves LVIA-LVlK in a passing state; and when the pickups 11 are extended the piston rods 30 descend so as to place respective 2S valves LVlA-LVlK in a non-passing state. The functioning of the valves LVlA-IVlK will be discussed in greater detail when explaining the overall system operation.
A work tray 13 is located directly in front of the chutes 15 fc~r use by operators of the stacker lOo The tray 13 is ~o made of perforated metal so that when vacuum emanating from (~ J5~ ~

manifold 20 is removed from the pickups 11, it will be switched to a second vacuum manifold (not shown~ for operation of stacker 10 in an environmental mode, and the vacuum will thereby be drawn through the tray 13. By drawing a vacuum through the tray 13, lead dust that may be generated by movement of the lead plates in the chutes 15 is quickly drawn away in order to protect the health and safety of nearby operators. An opening 80 in the rear of stacker 10 is provided for enabling lead particles, which are too heavy to be collected by vacuum, to be picked up manually.
The left-hand front panel 85 of the stacker 10 is utilized for various gauges and meters so that operators can monitor and control the operation of the stacker 10. Various operating switches and dials are also easily accessible for starting and stopping various operations in the stacker.
Referring now to Figure 2, which is a front elevation of the staclcing machine 10 of this invention, there is depicted eleven vacuum pickup devices lla-llk located in parallel on and extending from the rotating vacuum manifold 20 over the conveyor belt 29. The vacuum pickups 11 are joined to the vacuum manifold 20 via couplings 27 and expandable bellows 25. The respective pickup devices 11 terminate at their lowest extremity in suction cups 28, through which a vacuum is dra~n via their connection with the vacuum manifold 20. The pickups 11 are shown in a retracted position and directly over the conveyor belt 29, which is tilted downwardly when viewed from left to right. The conveyor 29 is tilted to accommodate formation of the sandwich as it is formed one element at a time at each pickup station under each vacuum pickup 11 starting from the extreme left pickup lla and ending at the extreme right pickup llk. By the time the conveyor 29 is indexed past each station under a respective pickup 11, a )5~3 complete sandwich of alternating plates and separators is formed.
The conveyor 29 is therefore sloped to accomodate the increased stack height as the stack moves from left to right in Figure 2.
Extending out of an opposite side of the rotating S manifold 20 are cup extend cyl;nders 59, which project through the rotating manifold 20 and coupling 27. A moveable piston rod 30 is connected to a piston (not shown) within the cylinder 59 for upward and downward movement in accordance with various operational conditions of the stacker 10. End points of the cylinder rods 30 are located in juxtaposition to two-way air limit valves LVlA-LVlK. As previously mentioned, when the pickup devices 11 are in their retracted positon as shown, the cylinder rods 30 extend fully upward so that their respective ends make contact with valves LVlA-LVlK to place these valves in a passing state (i.e., pass pressurized air). On the other hand, when the respective ends of the cylinder rods 30 do not make contact with the limit valves LVlA-LVlK, the pickup devices 11 are extended in a downward direction or are being extended, so that the limit valves are no longer in a passing state.
Four different positive air pressures are utilized for various purposes and functions in the stacking machine 10 in addition to the negative pressure which is utilized for pickup purposes. The different positive pressures in pounds per square inch (PSI) that are used throughout the operation of stacker 10 are 4, 9, 20 and 50. These four pressures are distributed throughout the system in pipes 12, 14, 16 and 18~ In the operation of the stacker apparatus 10, it may be required that the sand~ich-like arrangement of lead plates and separators arranged in an alternating fashion be composed of a number of elements less than eleven (that is, less than the total number of _g _ t U5~

pickup elements 11 shown) in order to accommodate a particular battery being manufactured. This accommodation may be satIsfled by means of two position, three-way slide valves 17, 19 and 21 located in the line 16 carrying the 50 PSI air. The slide valves which are made by Detrol Corp., have an ON or OFF with exhaust position for use in line 16. If a 7 1ayer battery sandwich, for example, is required for manufacture instead of an ll-layer sandwich, the valve 17, which is located after pickup llg, is placed in the OFF with exhaust position so that 50 PSI air will not pass to pickups llk and hence, pickups llh to llk cannot be extended downwardly in the operation of automatic stacker 10. It shall be understood, that the invention can also accomodate an enveloped plate system wherein positive plates are enveloped and negative plates are not so enveloped, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Referring now to an extreme right of the battery stacker 10 of Figure 2, a vacuum source 31 produced by an appropriate vacuum pump (not shown) is connected to the rotating vacuum man;fold 20. In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum pump produces twenty water column inches when all cups 28 are open, and twenty-five water column inches when the cups 28 are loaded A slidable coupling arrangement 80 connected to vacuum cylinder 400 (Fig. 8) allows for switching the vacuum source 31 to an adjacent vacuum manifold 20a so that the stacker 10 may operate in either the environmental or the pick-up mode, as may be appropriate during the operation of the stacker.
Reference is now made to the sectional view Figure 3 w.herein there is depicted an internal structural arrangement of the vacuum pickup device 11. The vacuum pickup device 11 is shown in the retracted position as indicated by tight coupling of the 5qj~

bellows 25. As previously mentioned, the vacuum manifold 20 ls connected to the suction cup 28 via the coupling 27 and the bellows 25. Located within the vacuum manifold 20 and coupling 27 is the suction cup extend cylinder 59. Yacuum is pulled from the manifold 20, through the suction cup 28, via orifices 46, 46a formed through an attaching plate, interior of bellows 25, orifices 45, 45a formed through a second attaching plate and interior of coupling 27.
A partial view of the cup extend cylinder 59 in Figure 3 shows this device partly surrounded by coupling 27 and vacuum manifold 20. A piston rod 30 associated with an internal piston 41 is located within the cylinder 59 for movement upwardly and downward therein in accordance with a differential air pressure which is established on the piston 41. Thus, inlets 35, 36 are provided on either side of piston 41 for permitting entrance of air pressure at 50 and 20 PSI, respectively, for raising and lowering piston rod 30 as well as suction cup 28 as required during`the operation of stacker 10 (Fig. 1).
In operation o the cylinder 59, the 20 PSI supply (not shown) attached to inlet 36 is always applied thereto on one side of piston 41, whereas the 50 PSI supply (not shown) is only applied during the extension of the piston rod 30 in a downward -direction as depicted in Figure 3A where the bellows 25 is shown in an expanded position. Thus, when the 20 PSI alone is applied via inlet 36 to one side of piston 41, it exerts an upward force thereon thereby placing pickup 11 to its retracted position. On the other hand, if it is required to extend suction cup 28 do~n-~ardly during operation of stacker 10, the 50 PSI is applied to inlet 35 a~ the same time that the 20 PSI supply is applied, C i~ G8 thereby establishing a differential pressure of 30 PSI downwardly - upon piston 41. The differential pressure causes piston 41 as well as piston rod 30 to move in a downward direction. In the preferred embodiment of this invention, the piston rod 30 and therefore suction cup 28 have a downward travel of approximately ten inches. ~
A 9 PSI air supply is also provided, as above mentioned, in the operation of the vacuum pickup 11. The 9 PSI
air supply passes through a central opening or channel 34 formed in the piston rod 30, and its extension rod 48 where it eventually is expelled at orifice 12. The pressure at orifice 12 drops to approximately 2 PSI. The 9 PSI air supply being expelled at orifice 12 impinges upon button 37 of suction cup 28, thereby positioning the button below a plane 22 formed in the lowest position of the cup. The arrows emanating from orifice 12 indicate air being expelled therefrom due to the application of the 9 PSI supply. Arrows havlng an upward direction indicate that the vacuum is being exerted on suction cup 28 via manifold 20 simultaneously with the expelling of positive pressure from orifice 12. The 9 PSI air supply is utilized in the controlled pickup arrangement of this invention as will be explained in a later paragraph.
Referring now to the view of Figure 6A, there is depicted the suction cup 28 from which the button 37 is suspended by two oppositely placed web members 39. The exterior of cup 28 is shaped so that its lo~7er portion 40 forms a truncated cone - that merges into an upper portion 41 (Figure 6D) in a form of a cylinder. A lo~er extremity of the suction cup 28 terminates in a form of a flat lip 42 for easy attachment to a battery element during the stacking step. The button 37-is shown suspended below the imaginary plane 22 formed through the flat lip 42. It can be appreciated by referring to Figure 6C that open~ngs are provided on either side of the webs 39 so that both the air emanating from the 9 PSI supply being expelled from orifice 12 (Figure 3~, and vacuum can be pulled simultaneously from the area under the suction cup 28.
Figure 6B illustrates an expedient whereby a suction cup 28 can be ~locked by a cover 38 when not in use during operation of the automatic stacker 10. Thus, as is understood, it may be necessary to build a 7-layer instead of a 11-layer battery element sandwich, so that only pickups lla to llg are to become operative. However, since vacuum is being drawn through all of the pickups 11 via the manifold 20 (Fig. 2) irrespective of the number of pickups that are employed, the cover 38 is utilized to block the vacuum in pickups llh to llk in the above illustrative example. The blockage of the vacuum in the unused pickups llh to llk by cover 38 provides noise abatement in the vicinity of the automatic stacker 10. Cover 38, which is made of a flexible vinyl material, fits snugly over lip 42 (Fig. 6A) of cup 28 when positioned in place.
Reference is now made to Figure 4 wherein the pickup operation of the present invention is disclosed. In the normal ..... . . . .. . .. .
non-operating state of the stacker 10, the vacuum pickups 11 are in a vertical alignment directly over the conveyor belt 29 as shown in Figures 1, 2 with suction cup 28 fully retracted.
~owever, when the stacker 10 is in the pickup mode, the pickup 11 is quiescently oriented at an angle of 35 degrees (shown in phantom) with respect to a vertical axis through an imaginary center of manifold 20 ~herein the suction cup 28 is facing lZ~(~S68 directly at a topmost plate 49a of a plurality of stacked plates 49 located within the chute or bin 15. In the quiescent state, the bellows 25 of pickup 11 is shown as being tightly coupled as the suction cup 28 faces the chute 15.
The pickup 25 is rotated to the 35 degree position by means of a rotate cylinder 100, which is attached to bracket 48 by means of piston rod 47 extending from the cylinder. When the piston rod 47 is in a fully extended position, pickup 11 assumes the vertical orientation, whereas to locate pickup 11 in the 35 degree position over the chute 15 the rotate cylinder 100 causes the rod 47 to retract (not shown). It should be noted here that the limit valves (LVlA-LVlK, see Fig. l) are located upon the bracket 48 and rotate when pickups 11 and mani~old 20 rotate.
When the stacker 10 (Fig. 1) is switched to the pickup mode Erom the environmental mode, vacuum, which is present in manifold 20a for picking up lead dust through pipe 31, is transferred to vacuum manifold 20 so that a vacuum is now pulled through suction cup 28. Simultaneously with vacuum being applied to suction cup 28, a positive pressure of 9 PSI is applied through the center of pickup 11 as previously discussed with respect to Figure 3. Before the bellows 25 is extended from its quiescent tightly coupled arrangment above bin 15, a backstop 52 is moved from a 45 position (shown in dotted form~ to a vertical position by means of backstop cylinder 300 (partly shown).
25. A rack 54 and pinion or ~?orm gear 54a (Fig. 5~ is shown coupled to an axle 55 of a roller 56 of the conveyor belt Z9. The rack 54 and pinion 54a are shown in a retracted position in Figure 4 so that it is in a position to index or advance the conveyor belt 29 to a next station under pickup llb after a )568 ( battery plate or separator 49a is deposited thereon by pickup lla. In other words, by moving the rack 54 in an upward direction by activation of belt advance cylinder 500, the pinion 54a will rotate clockwise (as viewed from the right of Fig. 5) causing roller 56 to rotate clockwise, and conveyor 29 will rnove to the right. ~
Returning again to Figure 4, when the pickup 11 is extended in order to select the topmost plate or separator 49a, the bellows 25, which was previously retracted, extends as shown in dotted form toward chute 15 by application of the 50 PSI to inlet 35 of cup extend cylinder 59 as previously described. This operation may be more readily appreciated and understood by referring to Figure 7A where the pickup 11 is shown as its suction cup 28 approaches the plurality of battery elements 49.
It will be recalled that during the pickup operation, a positive air pressure of 9 PSI is being applied through orifice 12 which is vented upon button 37 of suction cup 28. Simultaneously, vacuum is being drawn through the suction cup 28 via openings 46, 46a, openings 45, 45a (see Fig. 3) and vacuum manifold 20.
As the pickup 11 is moved in proximity to the stack of elements 49 as shown in Figure 7A, a Bernoulli effect is created by movement of air over the upper surace of the topmost element 49a of stack 49 due to the vacuum pull. As a consequence of the Bernoulli effect, the pressure above the topmost member 49a is reduced. Accordingly, when the suction cup 28 is at the proper distance, the toprnost member 49a moves up~ardly off of the top of the stack 49 to~ard suction cup 28 as shown in Figure 7B. The rnovement of the topmost mernber 49a upwardly enables the vacuurn to exert a gre2ter force thereon, so that as a result the member 49a ~- ~J
~Z~ 68 is drawn firmly against the underside of suction cup 28 and is effectively captured thereby. The attachment of top mernber 49a by suction cup 28 causes the button 37 to also move upwardly so that the orifice 12 becomes blocked preventing further air from the 9 PSI supply to be expelled through orifice 12. rhe blockage o channel 34 by button 37 causes a back pressure to be establ;shed in channel 34 which produces a signal with respect to a control device (not shown) that enables the pickup 11 to immediately retract from its fully extended position as shown in in Figure 4.
l~ However, in this phase of the cycle, the topmost element 49a is attached by vacuum to suction cup 28. In essence, the control device, as will be further discussed, causes the 50 PSI applied to one side of cylinder piston 22 (Fig. 4) to dissipate itself so that the piston will move upwardly and the bellows 25 will collapse into a tightly coupled configuration. Accordingly, the pickups 11 is able to capture the topmost element 49a of a stack 49 of elements irrespective of the height of the stack by merely coming in proximity therewith. It should be understood that only one pickup 11 has been described for ease of understanding, however, each pickup lla to llk (Figs. 1, 2) will operate in the same manner with the indentical associated structure as above described.
The pickup 11 including the topmost element 49a are thereafter rotated to the vertical direction as in Figures 4 and 5. I!hen the pickups 11 is in the vertical orientation, the vacuum is rernoved from manifold 20 and from the suction cup 28 and the element 49a is thereby deposited upon conveyor belt 29. When the pickup 11 is over the conveyor belt 29, it is only inches therefrom. The backstop 52 ~Fig. 43 hhich is now in the vertical )56~

direction, aids in alignment of the element 49a by preventing itssidewise movement over the side of conveyor 29 created by inertia from the rotational movement of pickup ll.
Referring to Fig~re ll, there is shown a schematic representation of the air jet sensing control system as provided by the present invention. The control valve 57, which is a pneumatic free floating relay made by Numatrol, a division of Numatics, Inc., utilizes two ports A, B wherein port A has applied thereto the 9 PSI (17 PSIG) air pressure, whereas port B
is connected to a constantly applied 4 PSI (4 PSIG) air supply.
The 9 PSI supply is also applied to channel 34 of piston rod 30 and is expelled upon button 37 of suction cup 28 at orifice 12.
The 20 PSI air source is applied constantly to one side of piston 41 of cylinder 22, whereas its other side is connected to the 50 PSI air source through control valve 57.
When orifice 12 of channel 34 is not blocked by button 37 of suction cup 28, port A of relay 57 is pressurized below the constantly applied 4 PSI supply at port B. Therefore, under these conditions, port B is in control, which causes circuit path 5-4 to be passing (as indicated by crossed contacts), whereas circuit path 3-4 is non-passing ~as indicated by open contacts). In other words, when the pressure at post B is higher than that of port A, terminals 4-5 are in a passing state~ whereas terminals 3~4 are in a non-passing state.
Connected to terminal 5 of relay 57 is a power valve 60, slhich is designed to allow passage of 50 PSI under proper conditioning thereto. As shown in the drawing, power valve 60 is in a non-passing state s~ith respect to the 50 PSI supply source because the arrow directly opposite its input is in a block;ng state (as indicated by a dosnwardly pointed arrow). For power 5~

valve 60 to become passing with respect to the 50 PSI air source, pilot port Pl must be shifted by an application of pressurizing air thereto. When the pressurizing air is removed from pilot port Pl, the valve 60 is returned to its non-passing state by a return spring 61.
In order for the suction~, CUp 28 to extend toward a topmost member 49a of a stack 49, air pressure is applied to the pilot port Pl of the power valve 60, thereby causing a spool within the valve 60 to shift so that a flow path is established therein between the 50 PSI source to terminal 5 of the control relay 57. In other words, the power valve 60 has been shifted so that the direction of the arrows is switched, and therefore the right-hand arrow is shifted to point upwardly. The switching of the right arrow indicates passage of 50 PSI supply to terminal 5 of relay 57.
Since circuit 5-4 is also in a passing state under influence of the 4 PSI control signal at terminal B (terminal A
is pressurized below that at B) the 50 PSI air supply is applied from terminal 4 of relay 57 to the other side of piston 41 of cup extended cylinder 59. As previously discussd, a differential pressure of 30 PSI is established downwardly on piston 41 so that the piston rod 30 as well as suction cup 28 extends downward (or to the right as viewed in Fig. 11) to the chute 5~ as shown in dotted form in Figure 4.
In order to retract the piston rod 30 and suction cup 28 to the posi~ion shown in Figure 11, the button 37 blocks ori~ice 12 (Fig. 7C) as the topmost member 49a is captured in the matter previously discussed. A back pressure is established in channel 34 by ~he blockage of orifice 12, which causes the ( ~
12a~VS6~3 pressure at port A of relay 57 to be higher than the 4 PSI supply at port B. Since port A is now in control, circuit path 5-4 changes and becomes non-passing, whereas circuit path 4-3 now becomes passing. This action enables the 50 PSI acting on one side of piston 41 to dissipate into the atmosphere through circuit 4-3 and the constantly applied 20 PSI air supply,acting alone on the other side of the piston 41 causes it and suction cup 28 to retract.
When the 50 PSI supply is removed from one side of piston 413 the spool valve of power valve 60 is returned to its non-energized state by removing the air pressure from pilot port Pl of power valve 60. Since power valve 60 has a spring return as indicated by spr;ng 61, the valve 57 returns to its normal state so that the 50 PSI supply can no longer pass to terminal 5. This is indicated schematically by the downward orientation of the arrow in the right position of power valve 60. ~hen the piston rod 30 is retracted, it makes switches LVlA-LVlK ~see Fig. 1), so that the pickup 11 is ready to rotate 35 to the vertical direction (Fig. 5) in order to deposit the separator or plate 11, as the case may be 3 on the conveyor belt 29.
Referring brie1y to Figure 5, after the topmost member 49a was deposited on conveyor belt 29~ the rack 53 is extended from its former retracted position to rotate the pinion 54 in a clockw;se manner as is directed by the arrow to rotate roller 56 clockw;se and advance the conveyor 29 r;ghtwardly as viewed in the drawing. Hence, by indexing the conveyor belt 29, the topmost element 49a (shown in phantom)' is transferred from under pickup lla to an adjacent work stat;on (i.e. under pickup llb)~ It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that if the lZ~:)5~ ( J

members in chute lSa are ba~tery plates, the members in an adjacent chute 15b will be separators. In th~s manner, a sandwich is formed comprising alternating plates and separators. Thus, assuming that element 49a is a battery plate, it is now at a work station under pickup llb. When the above described cycle of operation is repeated, a battery ~separator from chute 15b is deposited upon plate 49a. As conveyor belt is indexed to each s~ation, the cycle is repeated until a sandwich of alternating layers is obtained.
Reference is now made to Figures lOA and lOB where air logic is shown for use in the operation of the automatic stacker 10. For purposes of explanation, the following initial conditions are present in the logic. The pickups 11 are retracted (Fig. 4) over the chute 15 and the two-way valves LVlA to LVlK associated therewith are made or in a passing state, that`is, pressurized air is allowed to pass therethrough. The pipe 31 (Fig. 8) is in a position where vacuum is on the dust collecter 20a (i.e. in the environmental mode), and the two-way valve LV7 is made or in a passing state. The vacuum pipe 31 in Figure 8 is shown over manifold 20 where limit valve LV6 is made for use by the stacker in the pickup mode. The rotate manifold cylinder 100 ~Fig 4) is retracted in order to rotate the pickup 11 to the 35 position as above mentioned, and valve LV2 (Fig. 9) is made by action of finger 63 a~ainst actuator 64. Also the backstop cylinder 300 (Fig. 4) is retracted (i.e. at a 45 angle with respect to the conveyor belt) and t~70-~ay valve LV4 is madé or passingO In addition, the belt advance cylinder 500 as shown in Figures 4, 5 and the indexing mechanism are extended (i.e. the rack 54 is in an "up" position) and the t~o-way valve LV8 is made through lZO~) 5G8 contact between activator 65 and a top of rack 54. Finally, the vacuum blower (not shown) is operating, and the battery elements 49 are loaded into chutes 15a-lSk and the stacker 10 is ready to cycle.
l~hen the operator depresses a cycle start button PBl with autornatic/manual switch 201 in~the automatic mode position, air from a pressurized air supply ~not shown) will pass through the automatic switch 201, the start button PBl and then onto line 200 to the two-way shuttle valve Sl. Shuttle valves Sl to S14 are valves that are used in the well known OR logic mode. The operation during the manual mode will be discussed in a later paragraph. When the shuttle valve Sl is activated, pilot ports RVlA and RV2A also become pressurized. Pilot ports RVlA and RV2A
shift a spool mechanism within associated relay valves to change an air flow path within a circuit. Thus, by the pressurizing of the pilot ports RVlA and RV2A, respective flow paths RVlA as well as RV2A in line 202 becomes passing. Since flow path RV4A
is already in a passing state because it is initially in that state when pilot port RV4A (line 212) is not energized due to limit valve LV3 having been released initially by retraction of the rotate cylinder 100, as above mentioned, pressurized air will pass through shuttle valve S2 via line 202. Pressurized air is also present on lines 250 and 280 because of the above-described valving action. By passing air through the shuttle valve S2, the pilot port P4B (Fig. 15) of power valve 90 will be shifted so cause the vacuum cylinder 400 (Fig. 8) to shift the vacuum hose 31 to pickup manifold 20 from that of .he dust collector manifold 20a~ ~?here it ~:as positioned during the initial conditions. In a preferred embodiment, vacuum cylinder 400 is a rodless cylinder made by Orega, ho~:everS ;t should be understood that a rod-type lZ~(~5~

cylinder could be substituted therefor. In other words, vacuum has been shifted from its environmental mode to the pickup mode.
This movement by the vacuum cylinder 400 causes the two-way valve LV6 to become passin~ or made (i.e. LV6 was initially made non-passing). The movement of hose 31 from manifold 20 to manifold 20a and vice versa, is;~accomplished by activating cylinder 400, which causes plate 80 attached to movable strip 91 of power cylinder P4 (Fig. 8) to move from right to left, or left to right~ as the case may be.
Since the two-way valve LV8 is made or in a passing state during the initial conditions of the operation of the battery stacker (LV8 was closed by the rack 54 being fully extended) air passes from line 250 to line 204, through both shuttle valves S3 and S4 and thereby shifting the pilot ports P3A
lS and P5B of power valves 91, 92 (Figs. 14, 16), respectively. By shifting the pilot port P3A, the backstop cylinder 300 (Figs~ 4, 14) extends its piston rod upwardly thereby causing the backstop 52 to move from a 45 degree angle with respect to the conveyor ~9 to a fully upright position; and by shifting the pilot port PSB
the belt advance cylinder 500 is activated to cause the rack 54 ~o retract down~ardly in order to get into a position where it can be ready to index or move the conveyor belt 29 later in the cycle. This movement by the rack 54 causes valve ~V8 to release or become non-passing (i.e. as shown in Fig. 4), but this action has no effect on pilot ports P3A and P5B of backstop and belt advance cylinders 300, 500, since these ports are detented (as indicated by the sa~tooth configuration under the port) and remain in their last attained state.
At th;s time, limit valve LV6 is made by the earlier action above rnentioned (i.e. the shifting of vacuum hose 31 tv -22~

iZ~)0568 ~

manifold 20 for operation in the pickup mode), and valve LV2 is made due to its initial condition. Therefore, pressurized air on line 250 passes through limit valves LV6 and LV2, and thence through shuttle valve S5. Passing of air through shuttle valve S5 causes pilot port Pl of power valve 60 (Figs. Il, 12~ to shift so that the suction cups extend cylin~er 59 is activated by the 50 PSI supply. This action causes the cup cylinders (lla-llk) to extend to the supply bins 15a-15k (Fig. 4). As previously discussed, ~hen the vacuum cups extend to the bins 15, 50 PSI is applied to one side of piston 41 of the cup advance cylinder 59 to overcome the 20 PSI that is constantly being applied to the opposite side of piston 41. As the pickups lla-llk extend, each respectively releases associated limit valves LVlA to LVlK (Fig.

2) so that all become non-passing. It should be noted that as long as the valves LVlA to LVlK were in a passing state or before extension of pickups 11, the pilot port valve RV5 (Fig. lOB) was pressurized from line 275 through the closure of switch 201. A
circular configuration of pilot port RV5 indicates that it has a spring return when it is not energized. The pressurizing of the relay valve RV5 is indicated by its shading.
1~
Two flow paths RV5A and RV5 are affected by the pressurizing of pilot port RV5 in lines 298, 210, respectively.
The RV5A flow path in Line 208 symbolically indicates that it is plumbed passing (i.e. made passing by spring loading) but is held non-passing as long as the pilot port RV5 is pressurized. On the other hand, the flow path RV5A in line 210, which symbolically indicates that it is plumbed non-passing, is in a passing state as long as relay pilot port RV5 is pressurized. Therefore, as soon as the cup cylinders 11 start to extclld, they respectively release the limit valves LVlA to LVlK (Fig. 4). Accordingly, as S~ C, soon as limit valves LVlA to LVlK are released, air pressure on line 275 is prevented from reaching the pilot port RV5, since limit valves LVlA-LVIK are now open. Flow path RV5A ~ which was held non-passing, now becomes passing so that pressure that was available on line 250 is now available on line 208, which pressurizes pîlot port RV3A. The pressurizing of the pilot port RV3A causes flow path RV3A in line 210, which was initially non-passing, to become passing. The two-way valve LV5 in line 210 is made or passing at this time due to the previous action of energizing the backstop cylinder 300, which caused backstop 52 to be positioned in an upright position. The closing of flow path RV5A occurs in the following manner.
When the cup extend cylinder 59 was pressurized causing pickups 11 (Fig. 4) to extend, the jet sensor arrangement in conjunction with the vacuum pickup enabled a topmost battery plate/or separator element 49a (Fig. 4) to be captured. After the element 49a was captured, the suction cup 28 was retracted by withdrawing 50 PSI from the cup extend cylinder 59 (Fig. 3) so that the 20 PSI applied to the other end of the piston 41 caused it to retract as previously described. When the suction cups 28 are fully retracted~ the limit valves LVlA to LVlK are again placed in the passing state (i.e. the piston rod 30 is retracted . .
so that contact is made with two-way valves LVlA-LVlK) and pilot port RV5 ~Fig. lOB) is again pressurized. When the suction cups 28 are fully retracted and switches LVlA to LVlK again become passing, flow path RV5A , which was plumbed non--passing, again becomes passing due to the repressurization of the pilot port RV5. Therefore, air pressure on line 250 passes through flow .-paths RV3A , ~V5A and limit valve LV5 onto line ~10 to enable the shuttle valve S6 to shift and the pilot port P2A (Fig. 13) to - . ( ~2~)S~I~

become pressurized. The pressurization of the p~lot P2A causes the activation of rotate cylinder 100 and piston rod 47 extends (Fig. 4) so that the vacuum manifold 20 rotates the suction cup 28 vertically to drop a position over the conveyor belt 29.
As the rotate cylinder 100 starts to extend thereby rotating the vacuum manifold 20 and~pickups 11 to the vertical position, the limi~ valve LV2 (Fig. 9) is released to the non-passing state and pressurized air no longer passes along line 206 (Fig. lOA) to the shuttle va]ve S5 to pressurize the cup extend cylinder 59 (Fig. 11) through pilot port Pl of power valve 60. Therefore, spring 61 returns power valve 60 to its non-energized state. As is understood, the 50 PSI applied to one side of piston 41 was exhausted through circuit 4-3 as previously described with respect to the operation of Figure 11. It will be unders~ood that the pickups 11 are retracted at this time to prevent damage during rotation of manifold 20.
As the rotate cylinder 100 (Fig. 4~ fully extends so that the captured member element 49a is directly over conveyor belt 29 (Fig. 4), limit valve LV3 (Fig. 9) is made passing and line 212 becomes pressurized. Air pressure along line 250 now passes through valve LV3 along line 212 to pressur;ze the relay pilot port RV4A. By pressurizing relay pilot port valve RV4A, flow path RV4A in line 214 becomes passing to allow air pressure on line 280 to pass therethrough, and flow path RV4A in line 202 becomes non-passing. Hence at this point in time, line 250 is no longer pressurized through switch 201.
IThen air pressure appears on line 214, shuttle valve S7 (~igure lOB) is switched to allow pilot port P4A of power valve 90 (Fig. 14) to become pressurized. The pressure on pilot port P4A causes a shift of the vacuum from the vacuum pickup mode to -2s-~'~¢3()S~;8 the environment mode by activating vacuum cylinder 400 (Fig. 8).
In other words, the vacuum hose 31 is shifted ~rom the vacuum manifold 20 to the vacuum manifold 20a. This shifting causes the plates or separators 49, as the case may be, which are attached to the vacuum pickups 11 to be deposited onto the conveyor belt 29 (Fig. 5). Therefore, when the vacuum cylinder 40Q is now shifted so that vacuum is no longer present at the various vacuum pickups 11, the limit valve LV7 will be made or passing because the vacuum hose 31 is now applying vacuum to manifold 20a. Since valve LV7 is now in a passing state, the line 218 (Fig. lOB) is pressurized from the pressurized air on line 290 via flow path RV4A . This causes shuttle valves S8 and S9 to be activated so that the pilot ports P3B and P2B of power valves 91, 93 7~Figs~
14, 13) to become pressurized. The pressurizing of the pilot port P2B activates rotate cylinder 100 to retract piston rod 47 (Fig.
4) in order to rotate vacuum manifold 20 and the pickups 11 back to the 35 degree position above the chutes 15, thereby causing valve LV3 to be released and making limit valve LV2 (Fig. 9). The pressurizing of port P3B causes the backstop cylinder 300 to be activated to cause the back stop 52 (Fig. 4) near the conveyor belt 29 to return to the 45 position thereby causing limit valve LV4 to again become passing and releasing limit valve LV5. This reorientation of the backstop 52 and the rotating vacuum manifold 20 will be to reposition these members for the next cycle of operation.
As soon as the backstop 52 is moved to its 45 pos;tion and valve LV4 is made, line 220 is connected to pressurized line 290 and shuttle valves S10 and Sll are activateà so that pilot ports P5A of poh7er valve 92 and relay pilot port RV4B become pressurized. The pressurizing of pilot port RV4B causes flow path ( 1'~ )568 RV4A in line 202 (Fig. lOA) to again become passing, whereas flow path RV4A in line 214 become non-passing. Accordlngly, alr pressure no longer is present on line 214. The pressurizing of pilot port P5A (Fig. 16) of power valve 92 causes belt advance cylinder 500 (Fig. 4) to extend the rack 54 upwardly to cause the pinion 54a (Fig. 5) to rotate clockwise so that conveyor belt 29 is indexed or moved approximately 7.5 inches to the right, or the distance to the next work station under pickup llb and opposite chute 15b of the stacker 10. By this action, valve LV8 is again made or passing to initially condition the stacker 10 for a new cycle of operation. As understood, if a plate 49a is positioned on the conveyor belt 29 by the vacuum pickup lla, indexing of the belt 29 ~ill locate the plate 49a to the next station whereby a battery separator may be automatically placed thereon. Therefore, by successive indexing of the conveyor, a sandwich of alternate plates and separators, may be formed for eventual placement in a battery cell. While pressure existed on line 290, it caused the shuttle valve S12 to be switched thereby pressurizing the valve RV3B; The pressurizing of the pilot port RV3B closes flow path RV3A in line 210 to its initial non-passing condition thereby opening line 210.
It should be understood that the present invention can be cycled in a manual other than an automatic mode of operation as above described. The manual mode is provided in order to enable the stacker to be cycled through its various operations one step at a time for use during maintenance of the stacker to observe its operation.
The manual mode is initiated by activating the switch 201 to its manual mode to close the botto~ contacts as indicated by the dotted line. Line 295 thereby becomes pressurized from the )568 air supply through the closed manual contacts of switch 201. By success;vely actuating each switch of the manual mode of the vacuum, backstop, belt cylinder, cups and rotate switches3 lines 203, 205~ 207, 209, 211, 213~ 215, 217 and 219 can become successively pressurized to operate the stacker 10 in a step-by-step mode of operation. Emergency and cycle stopping of the stacker 10 is also provided through pressure llne 275 so that shuttle valve S13 is activated to cause pilot port RVlB to be pressurized. This causes flow path RVlA to be opened to prevent pressurized air from appearing on lines 250, 280 thereby effectively turning off the stacker 10 and preventing further cycling~
It will be understood that various changes in the details, materials and arrangement of parts which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of this invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the following claims.

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Claims (38)

What is claimed is:

1. A cup member having a central opening and surrounded by a flexible ring to capture an article by a vacuum drawn through said central opening, the improvement comprising:
means suspended across said opening for indicating proximity when said article becomes captured by said apparatus through said vacuum.

2. The cup member in accordance with Claim 1 which further comprises:
a) a cylindrical member;
b) a truncated cone member integrally attached to said cylindrical member wherein said central opening is formed through said cylindrical and cone members.

3. A cup member in accordance with Claim 1 wherein said means extending across said opening further comprises:
a) a button means; and b) web members connected to said button means for suspending said last mentioned means within said opening and below the flexible ring of said apparatus.

4. A cup member in accordance with Claim 3 further comprising:
a) detachable means for covering the opening in said device, b) whereby the drawing vacuum through said central opening of said cup member is minimized.

5. Apparatus having a central opening and surrounded by a flexible ring and adapted to capture a single member from a plurality of members by drawing a vacuum through said central opening comprising:

a) detection means suspended across a portion of said central opening and below the flexible ring, b) means located within said central opening for generating a positive pressure that impinges upon said detection means while simultaneously drawing said vacuum through the central opening, c) whereby when said single member is in proximity to said apparatus, it becomes captured thereby by means of said negative pressure drawn through said central opening, and said positive pressure is terminated by said detection means.

6. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 5 further comprising:
control means coupled to said positive pressure such that said apparatus is withdrawn from said plurality of members by said termination of said positive pressure.

7. Apparatus for capturing a topmost member from a supply of members comprising:

a) a vacuum pickup means which is adapted to move toward and away from said topmost member of said supply of members;

b) means for controlling said movement of said pickup means;

c) sensor means associated with said pickup means to detect the capture of the topmost member and to activate said controlling means and cause said pickup means to move away said supply of members upon capturing said topmost member.

8. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 7 wherein said means for controlling comprises:

a) pneumatically operated relay means having first and second ports for opening and blocking first and second circuit paths located therein, b) whereby when air pressure applied to said second port is higher than that of said first port, said first and second circuit paths are opened and closed respectively, whereas when the air pressure of said first port is higher than said second port, said second and first circuit paths are opened and closed respectively.

9. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 8 further comprising:

a) cylinder means including a piston and rod means wherein said rod means provide a channel therethrough, and b) one end of said rod means being coupled to said moveable vacuum pickup means, whereas the other end is coupled to a first positive air source and to said first control port of said relay means, and c) vacuum pressure being applied to said vacuum pickup means independently said first positive air source, and d) said first positive air source being expelled upon said sensor means.

10. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 9 further comprising:

a) second and third positive pressurized air sources connected to said cylinder means wherein said second source is of a lower pressure than said third air source, b) said second source being constantly applied to one side of said cylinder piston, and the third source being applied to an opposite side of said piston through said first circuit path of said control relay means when said vacuum pickup means is extended toward said topmost member for capture thereof.

11. The apparatus in accordance with Claim 10 wherein said sensor means further comprising:

a) means suspended from said vacuum pickup means for blocking said first positive air source when said topmost member becomes captured thereby, and b) a back pressure being established in said channel causing said first port of said relay to have a higher pressure than said second port, c) such that said first and second circuit paths become blocked and opened respectively, and said pickup means is moved away from said plurality of members by releasing said third air source to atmosphere.

12. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 7 further comprising:

means for holding said supply of members in stacked form, said holding means being maintained at an angle with respect to a vertical reference.

13. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 12 further comprising:

a) a conveyor means and b) means coupled to said conveyor means for indexing said conveyor means to an adjacent pickup means.

14. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 13 further comprising:

a) means attached to said vacuum pickup means for rotating said pickup means from a vertical position over said conveyor means to an angle such that it is in alignment with said angularly positioned holding means, b) whereby the topmost captured member from said holding means is deposited on said conveyor means after which it is indexed to a next work station under said adjacent pickup means.

15. An apparatus for removing a member from a plurality of members comprising:

-35- :

a) first and second manifold means, b) first and second pickup means wherein said first pickup means is coupled to said first manifold means, and said second pickup means is coupled to said second pickup means, c) said first pickup means adapted to capture said member from said plurality of members, and said second pickup means adapted to absorb dust in an environment surrounding said apparatus d) means for applying a negative pressure source alternately to said first and second manifold means, whereby said apparatus is operative in either an environmental or a pickup mode.

16. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 15 further comprising:

means for stacking said plurality of members at an angle with respect to a vertical references.

17. An apparatus in accordance with Claim 16 further comprising:

means for rotating said first pickup and manifold means through an angle such that said pickup means is in substantial alignment with said stacking means.

18. A method of selecting a topmost element from a plurality of elements by an accessing means which may be extended or retracted from said topmost element comprising the steps of:

a) extending said accessing means in a direction of said topmost element of said plurality of elements, b) applying a negative pressure to said accessing means so that it is drawn therethrough, c) simultaneously applying a positive pressure to said accessing means that is emitted therethrough, d) said topmost element being captured by the accessing means when in proximity thereto by said negative pressure and further emission of said positive pressure from said accessing means being blocked by said capture, thereby initiating retraction of said accessing means away from said plurality of elements.

19. A method in accordance with Claim 18 further comprising the step of, stacking said plurality of elements at an angle with respect to a vertical reference.

20. A method in accordance with Claim 19 further comprising:
rotating said accessing means through an angle to bring it into alignment with said angularly arranged plurality of elements during said capture step.

21. A method in accordance with Claim 20 further comprising:

a) further rotating said accessing means to a vertical position over a moveable surface after capturing said topmost element, and b) depositing said topmost element upon said moveable surface by removing said negative pressure from said accessing means,

22. A method in accordance with Claim 21 further comprising:

indexing said moving surface to an adjacent position under a second accessing means after depositing said topmost element upon said moving surface.

23. A method in accordance with Claim 22 further comprising:
repeating said rotating step with said second accessing means such that said last mentioned means is angularly positioned over a topmost member of a plurality of member different from said first mentioned plurality of members.

24. A method in accordance with Claim 23 further comprising:

a) capturing a topmost element by said second accessing means from the plurality of different members, b) rotating said second accessing means to a vertical position over said moveable surface, and c) depositing said topmost member upon said previously deposited member on said moveable surface.

25. A method in accordance with Claim 24 further comprising:

repeating the steps of rotating, capturing, depositing, indexing until a sandwich of alternating member is formed.

26. A method for selecting a topmost element from a plurality of elements in a stack by means of an attaching device having a central opening therein comprising the steps of:

a) drawing a vacuum through said central opening of said attaching device, which includes a flexible ring surrounding said central opening, and a sensor member suspended below an imaginary plane formed through said flexible ring;
b) simultaneously applying an air jet downwardly upon said sensor member to maintain said member below said imaginary plane, c) whereby when said attaching device is in the vicinity of the topmost element of said stack, said topmost element is attracted upwardly by said vacuum drawn through said central opening and against said suspended member to block said air jet, and d) withdrawing said attachment device away from said plurality of member in said stack after topmost member has been captured.

27. The method of air jet sensing in accordance with Claim 26 including the steps of:

a) rotating said attaching device through an angle with respect to a vertical reference, b) whereby the capture of said topmost member to said attaching device occurs at an angle with respect to the vertical reference.

28. The method in accordance with Claim 27 including the steps of:

a) rotating said attaching device back to the vertical reference, and b) terminating said vacuum through said central opening such that said topmost member is separated from said attaching device.

29. An improved apparatus having a central portion through which a vacuum is drawn and at least one depending member, said depending member having one end in communication with said central portion and the second end adapted to capture an article by a vacuum drawn through said central portion, the improvement comprising:
indicator means suspended across said second end for indicating when said article is captured.

30. A cup member comprising:
a) an upper portion having a central opening;
b) a ring member depending from said upper portion and terminating in a lip defining a lower plane; and c) a contact member suspended by flexible web members from said upper portion and across said central opening.

31. A cup member in accordance with Claim 30 wherein:
said contact member has a lower face which extends beneath said lower plane in a first operating mode and which is movable at least essentially into said lower plane in a second operating mode.

32. A cup member in accordance with Claim 31 wherein:
said contact member is moved from said first operating mode to said second operating mode by an element contacting said lip of said cup member.

33. A cup member in accordance with Claim 31 wherein:
said contact member has an upper face which is maintained in a non-contact position in said first operating mode and in a contact position in said second operating mode.

34. A cup member in accordance with Claim 31 which further comprises:
a cover member having means for engaging said cup member and face portions for engaging said contact member.

35. A cup member in accordance with Claim 34 wherein:

said contact member is maintained essentially in said lower plane when said cup member is engaged by said cover member.

36. A method in accordance with Claim 18 wherein:
said accessing means is normally biased into said retracted position.

37 A method in accordance with Claim 25 wherein:
retraction of said accessing means is initiated after the positive pressures applied to each of said accessing means are simultaneously blocked.

38. A method in accordance with Claim 37 wherein:
the positive pressures applied to at least some of said accessing means are blocked by selected elements.