CA1199286A - Plastic transmission brake band - Google Patents
Plastic transmission brake bandInfo
- Publication number
- CA1199286A CA1199286A CA000419678A CA419678A CA1199286A CA 1199286 A CA1199286 A CA 1199286A CA 000419678 A CA000419678 A CA 000419678A CA 419678 A CA419678 A CA 419678A CA 1199286 A CA1199286 A CA 1199286A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- band
- strap
- plastic material
- friction
- filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BSFODEXXVBBYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[4-(dimethylamino)butan-2-ylamino]quinolin-6-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(NC(CCN(C)C)C)=CC(O)=CC2=C1 BSFODEXXVBBYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroisocyanuric acid Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Cl)C1=O CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A transmission brake band is disclosed in which the strap is made of a filament-reinforced plastic material. The filament-reinforced plastic material con-sists of a matrix of plastic in which are embedded a multiplicity of filaments. The plastic material is preferably a thermosetting epoxy which when cured provides a strap which is exceptionally flexible and resilient for compliance with a braking surface. The reinforcing filaments enhance the strength of the strap.
A transmission brake band is disclosed in which the strap is made of a filament-reinforced plastic material. The filament-reinforced plastic material con-sists of a matrix of plastic in which are embedded a multiplicity of filaments. The plastic material is preferably a thermosetting epoxy which when cured provides a strap which is exceptionally flexible and resilient for compliance with a braking surface. The reinforcing filaments enhance the strength of the strap.
Description
C~ No. 5~,981 Title: PLASTIC TRANSMISSION E3RAKE BAND
This invention relates generally to transmission bxake ~ands.
Background and Summary of the Invention Transmission brake bands now in use are made substantially entirely of steel components with the usual friction lining material secured to the inner surface of the band~ The manufacture of steel brake bands requires numerous operations, including welding or mechanical fastening, both in the fabrication of the components and in the final assembly~
It is a primary object of this invention to provide a transmissi~n brake band in which the band is made of a strap of filament-reinforced plastic material.
Such a brake band has many advantages over conventional steel bands, among which are the following:
1. It can be provided with extra reinforcement in areas of high loading by adding more layers of filament-reinforced plastic material. Areas subject to lesser loading can be provided with a reduced amount of filament-reinforced plastic material to improve flexibility and conformability. Also, reinforcing filaments may be so oriented as to m~X;mi ze strengthJ particularly in high stress areas.
~ 25 2~ The load-carrying band ends or lugs are ; capable of being molded into the plastic band, so that the load transfer from the lugs to the strap is evenly distributed. In conventional designs, the load is transmitted through welds or rivets which are weak points.
~lv 2 3. Since the ~ Lament-reinforced material is only about one quarter ~he weight of steel, brake bands having straps made with filament-reinforced plastic are much lighter in weight~
4~ A band having a strap of filament-reinforce~
plas~ic material is capable of being molded in a single operation. Moreover, the bond between the friction linin~ and the filament-reinforced plastic strap of the brake band can be achieved withouk an intermediate layer of adhesive, since the plastic-saturated filaments will adhere to the fricti~n lining during polymerization~
An accordance wi-th the invention, there is provided a friction band comprising an arcuate band having adjacent end portions adapted to receive the actuating force. The arcuat~ band between its end portions comprises an elongated strap of filament-rein forced plastic material extending from one end portion of the arcuate band to the other. A strip of friction material is adhered to the radially inner surface of the strap of filamen-t-reinforced plastic material. The strap of plastic material is reinforced by a multiplicity of continuous, elongated flexible reinforcing filaments extending lengthwise of the strap and circumferentially of the arcuate band from one end portion thereof to the other. The end portions have load transfer lugs and the strap of filament-reinforced plastic material is formed in a length which at the ends of the arcuate band is folcled back circumferentially upon itself and over the lugs to anchor the lugs in the folds thereof in a manner such that the loading of the arcuate band, as transferred by the lugs, is tensiJe and coincident with the circumferentially extending flexible rein-forcing elements.
~, ~
Other objects and features of the invention will become more apparent as ~he following description proceedst especially when considered with the accompany-ing drawings.
Brie Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of a transmission brake band constructed in accordance with the ?nvention.
Fis. 2 is a top plan view of the structur~
shown in FigO 1.
Fig. 3 is a fragmenta~y sectional view taken on the line 3~3 in Fig. ~.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 in Fig. 2O
Fig. 5 is similar to Fig. 4 but shows a modifi-cation~~ .
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary ~lan view showing a portion of a layer of filament-reinforced plastic material from ~hich the strap of a transmission brake 20 band may be formed~
.
.
3~
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line ,-7, Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing the end portion of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the strap of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. :L0 is a sectional view of the end portion of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the strap of a transmission brake band showing a further modifica-tio~.
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary top plan view of a brake band showing still another modificàtion.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on the line 13-13 in Fig. 12.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now more particularly to the drawings and especially to Fig. 1-4, a transmission brake band is shown composed of an arcuate strap 10 having lugs 11 and 12 of steel ox the like at the adjacent ends of the strap for receiving the actuating force, and a strip 13 of friction lining material secured to the radially inner surface of the strap.
The strap 10 is substantially cylindrical throughout almost a full 360 except for the gap 14 between the ends, The strap 10 is continuous and unin-terrupted, the portions broken away in Fig. 1 being like those portions actually shown.
~he strap 10 is ~ade of filament-reinforced plastic material. A portion of a layer or length 16 of ~ilament-reinforced plastic material from which the strap is made is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Such layer 16 consists oE a matrix of plastic material 18 in which are embedded a multiplicity of filaments 20 arranged parallel to the length of the layer. Preferably the plastic mate-ial 18 is thermo~etting epoxy, although other thermo-setting plastics may be used. There no doubt are sele~tedthermoplastics which may be sui-table,~provided that in use when the brake band is applied they do not soften from the heat generated in a particular application.
The reinforcing filaments may be made of many different materials provided that they meet strength reguirements. Although glass is the preferred material of which the filaments are made, examples of other suit-able materials ar~ boron, graphite, ~evlar (trademark o DuPont), or a combination of these materials. The fila-ments are very fine, flexible thread-like strands or ele-ments (the thickness of the filaments is exaggerated in the drawings for clarity) and may take many forms such, for example, as continuous strand rovings, wcven rovings, woven fabrics, chopped strands and milled fibers.
The strap 10 may consist of one or more layers 16 o the filament-reinforced plastic material~ In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-4, there are four such layers, a~ b, c and d. The inner layers b and c may be parts of a single continuousor endless member 17 folded upon itself 2S at the adjacent ends of the brake band where indicated at 22 and 24. The outer layers a and d may also be parts of a single continuous, endless ~embPr 19 likewise folded back on itself at the adjacent ends of the brake band.
The filaments in the two members 17 and 19 themselves are,of course, endless.
The lugs 11 and 12 have plate porkions 23 which are anchored wlthin the folds of the inner layers b and c at the adjacenk ends of the~brake band. The folded portions of the filament-reinforced plastic layers forming the strap 10 may be notched or cut out where indicated at 25 and ~6 to clear the lugs 11 and 12 or the filaments may be displaced on either side of the load-bearing portion of the lugs.
The transmission brake band is fvrmed by first assembling the endless member 17 within the endless member 19 and pressing the members together to form the layers a, b, c and d, with the plate portions 23 of the lugs 11 and 12 disposed within the folds at the ends of the assembly.
lG The plastic material 18 at this time is in an uncured state permit-ting -the members 17 and 19 to be pressed and folded by hand with ease. The assembly is then formed to cylind-rical shape and placed on a mold or form with a strip 13 of friction material applied to the radially inner surface of the layer d~ The mold assembly may be placed in an oven to cure or polymerize the plastic material 18 and set the transmission brake band in the shape and form shown. When the plastic material 18 is a thermosetting epoxy, the curing ; temperature of the mold will be approximately 325F. The curing time may vary from one to several hours, as desired.
A pressure on the order of 100 psi may be applied to the bra~e band during curing. The filaments 20 are not affect-ed by the molding operation. The manufacture of the trans-mission brake band is thus completed.
The strap of the completed brake band is except-ionally flexible and resilient for compliance with a braking surface. The curing of the plastic material 18 while in contact with the lugs 11 and 12 and with the strip 13 of friction material causes the lugs to be securely and permanently anchored or adhered in the folds at the ends of the strap and the strip 13 of friction material to be bonded or adhered permanently to the radially inner surface of the strap. The bonding of the luys and the strip 13 of friction material occurs because the plastic~saturated filaments will adhere to the lugs and to the strip during the cure or pol~mer:ization of ~3~
the plasti.c in the mold. The plastic-saturated filaments of the several contacting layers will also adhere to one another. Whlle not considered necessary, a layer of adhesive may, if desired, be provided between the friction strip 13 and the strap 10 to ~enhance the bond.
The filaments 20 extend circumferentially or lengthwise of the strap 10 continuously from one end of the brake band to the other, providing sufficient strength to withstand the normal and even abnormal stresses Fig. 5 illustrates a modification which is like Figs. 1-4 but with an added layer or layers of filament-reinforced plastic material indicated at 30.
The added layer or layers are wrapped over the layers a, b, c and d transversely about at least one end portion of the strap of the brake band so that the filaments thereof extend at right angles to the direction of l~ngth of the strap. This transverse wrap 30, of course, is under the strip 13 of friction material. In Fig~ 5I the added layers comprise two radially outer layers e and f and two radially inner layers g and h which may, if desiredt comprise portions of one continuous length of material wrapped or wound upon itself. The transverse wrap of layers are applied to the brake band assembly before it is put in the mold so that the plastic of the transvere wrap will cure and set at the same time as layers a, b, c and d and will adhere to such layers. The transverse wrap may~ of course, be of the same material as the layers a, b, c and d.
Fig. 5 is somewhat distorted for purposes of clari.ty, but it should be understood that during curing in the mold the transverse wrap will be subjected to sufficient pressure to flatten its radially inner surface into substantially the plane o~ the inner layer d of the strap so that the strip 13 of friction material will be cylindrical and smooth throughout its full circumferential extellt. Also it will be understood that the transverse wrap in Fig. 5 may, for example, extend from the lug at one end of -the brake band to a point beyond the remote edge of the lug as seen in Fiy. 1. Naturally, the trans-verse wrap may be applied to both ends of the brake band.
The transversewrap or wraps provide extra strength to resist forces that occur at the lugs in a radially outward direction during lock-up.
Fig. 8 shows a further modification which differs from Fig. 1 only in tha~ the lug 11 is mechanically fast-ened to the strap 10 as by rivets 40 or by staking, rather than by being adhered within a fold of the strap matexial as in Fig. lo Obviousl~, the other lug may be mechanically fastened to the strap 10 in a similar manner. The mech-anical fasteners may be applied after the brake band has been cured in the mold.
Fig. 9 shows another modification of ~ig. 1 in which the strap 10 consists of a single layer of filament-reinforced material and an intermediate layer 50 of flexible,resilient, compressible material is ~onded between the strap 10 and the strip 13 of friction material. The inter-mediate layer 50 improves the conformability of the band strap, allowing the strip 13 to conform to mating surfaces that do not run true.
Fig. 10 shows a construction like Figs. 1-4 but modified in that one or koth of the band ends are reinforced by high strength segments 52 of steel or the like anchored or adhered under the lugs and within the folds of the filament-reinforced plastic material at the ends of the strap 10. Note that in Fig. 10 the strap 10 consists of only a single layer of filament-reinforced plastic material folded over the lug and the steel seg-ment at one end and terminating at 53~
~53~
Fig 11 shows a further modification of the band strap 10 which is sh~wnas a single layer of filament-rein~orced plastic material of full width and having two narrower, laterally spaced, strips60 of the same filament-reinforced plastic material extending lengthwise o~ the strap and bonded in the mold to the radiall~ outer surface thereof. The narrow strips 60 provide added strength while retaining exceptionally good transverse ~lexibili-ty for the band~
Figs 12 and 13 show the invention applied to a so-called double-wrap transmission brake band. This band has laterally spaced cylindrical strap segments lOa, lOb and lOc similar to strap 10 previously described, each having a lug 11 at one end thereof bonded or adhered 15 to end of the filament-reinforced plastic layer 16 of which the strap segments are made. The layers 16 are not shown folded over the lugs. Rather the lugs are bound to the layers 16 by the transverse wraps 30 pre--viously described, which wrap around the layers 16 and lugs 11~ During curing of the plastic of layers 16 and wraps 30, the plastic-sa-turated filaments 20 become adhered to each other and to the lugs to form abond. Note the direction of the filaments 20 of the strap-forming layers 16 and of the transverse wraps 30. The opposite ends of the segments are integrally joined where indicated at 70 Fig 13 should be understood as showing the band before curing, when the surface of the friction lining 13 is irregular where it passes over the transverse wraps.
These irregularities are ~lattened out or disappear in ~0 the finished product because of the pressure employed during curlng.
This invention relates generally to transmission bxake ~ands.
Background and Summary of the Invention Transmission brake bands now in use are made substantially entirely of steel components with the usual friction lining material secured to the inner surface of the band~ The manufacture of steel brake bands requires numerous operations, including welding or mechanical fastening, both in the fabrication of the components and in the final assembly~
It is a primary object of this invention to provide a transmissi~n brake band in which the band is made of a strap of filament-reinforced plastic material.
Such a brake band has many advantages over conventional steel bands, among which are the following:
1. It can be provided with extra reinforcement in areas of high loading by adding more layers of filament-reinforced plastic material. Areas subject to lesser loading can be provided with a reduced amount of filament-reinforced plastic material to improve flexibility and conformability. Also, reinforcing filaments may be so oriented as to m~X;mi ze strengthJ particularly in high stress areas.
~ 25 2~ The load-carrying band ends or lugs are ; capable of being molded into the plastic band, so that the load transfer from the lugs to the strap is evenly distributed. In conventional designs, the load is transmitted through welds or rivets which are weak points.
~lv 2 3. Since the ~ Lament-reinforced material is only about one quarter ~he weight of steel, brake bands having straps made with filament-reinforced plastic are much lighter in weight~
4~ A band having a strap of filament-reinforce~
plas~ic material is capable of being molded in a single operation. Moreover, the bond between the friction linin~ and the filament-reinforced plastic strap of the brake band can be achieved withouk an intermediate layer of adhesive, since the plastic-saturated filaments will adhere to the fricti~n lining during polymerization~
An accordance wi-th the invention, there is provided a friction band comprising an arcuate band having adjacent end portions adapted to receive the actuating force. The arcuat~ band between its end portions comprises an elongated strap of filament-rein forced plastic material extending from one end portion of the arcuate band to the other. A strip of friction material is adhered to the radially inner surface of the strap of filamen-t-reinforced plastic material. The strap of plastic material is reinforced by a multiplicity of continuous, elongated flexible reinforcing filaments extending lengthwise of the strap and circumferentially of the arcuate band from one end portion thereof to the other. The end portions have load transfer lugs and the strap of filament-reinforced plastic material is formed in a length which at the ends of the arcuate band is folcled back circumferentially upon itself and over the lugs to anchor the lugs in the folds thereof in a manner such that the loading of the arcuate band, as transferred by the lugs, is tensiJe and coincident with the circumferentially extending flexible rein-forcing elements.
~, ~
Other objects and features of the invention will become more apparent as ~he following description proceedst especially when considered with the accompany-ing drawings.
Brie Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of a transmission brake band constructed in accordance with the ?nvention.
Fis. 2 is a top plan view of the structur~
shown in FigO 1.
Fig. 3 is a fragmenta~y sectional view taken on the line 3~3 in Fig. ~.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 in Fig. 2O
Fig. 5 is similar to Fig. 4 but shows a modifi-cation~~ .
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary ~lan view showing a portion of a layer of filament-reinforced plastic material from ~hich the strap of a transmission brake 20 band may be formed~
.
.
3~
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line ,-7, Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing the end portion of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the strap of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. :L0 is a sectional view of the end portion of a transmission brake band of modified construction.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the strap of a transmission brake band showing a further modifica-tio~.
Fig. 12 is a fragmentary top plan view of a brake band showing still another modificàtion.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on the line 13-13 in Fig. 12.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring now more particularly to the drawings and especially to Fig. 1-4, a transmission brake band is shown composed of an arcuate strap 10 having lugs 11 and 12 of steel ox the like at the adjacent ends of the strap for receiving the actuating force, and a strip 13 of friction lining material secured to the radially inner surface of the strap.
The strap 10 is substantially cylindrical throughout almost a full 360 except for the gap 14 between the ends, The strap 10 is continuous and unin-terrupted, the portions broken away in Fig. 1 being like those portions actually shown.
~he strap 10 is ~ade of filament-reinforced plastic material. A portion of a layer or length 16 of ~ilament-reinforced plastic material from which the strap is made is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Such layer 16 consists oE a matrix of plastic material 18 in which are embedded a multiplicity of filaments 20 arranged parallel to the length of the layer. Preferably the plastic mate-ial 18 is thermo~etting epoxy, although other thermo-setting plastics may be used. There no doubt are sele~tedthermoplastics which may be sui-table,~provided that in use when the brake band is applied they do not soften from the heat generated in a particular application.
The reinforcing filaments may be made of many different materials provided that they meet strength reguirements. Although glass is the preferred material of which the filaments are made, examples of other suit-able materials ar~ boron, graphite, ~evlar (trademark o DuPont), or a combination of these materials. The fila-ments are very fine, flexible thread-like strands or ele-ments (the thickness of the filaments is exaggerated in the drawings for clarity) and may take many forms such, for example, as continuous strand rovings, wcven rovings, woven fabrics, chopped strands and milled fibers.
The strap 10 may consist of one or more layers 16 o the filament-reinforced plastic material~ In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-4, there are four such layers, a~ b, c and d. The inner layers b and c may be parts of a single continuousor endless member 17 folded upon itself 2S at the adjacent ends of the brake band where indicated at 22 and 24. The outer layers a and d may also be parts of a single continuous, endless ~embPr 19 likewise folded back on itself at the adjacent ends of the brake band.
The filaments in the two members 17 and 19 themselves are,of course, endless.
The lugs 11 and 12 have plate porkions 23 which are anchored wlthin the folds of the inner layers b and c at the adjacenk ends of the~brake band. The folded portions of the filament-reinforced plastic layers forming the strap 10 may be notched or cut out where indicated at 25 and ~6 to clear the lugs 11 and 12 or the filaments may be displaced on either side of the load-bearing portion of the lugs.
The transmission brake band is fvrmed by first assembling the endless member 17 within the endless member 19 and pressing the members together to form the layers a, b, c and d, with the plate portions 23 of the lugs 11 and 12 disposed within the folds at the ends of the assembly.
lG The plastic material 18 at this time is in an uncured state permit-ting -the members 17 and 19 to be pressed and folded by hand with ease. The assembly is then formed to cylind-rical shape and placed on a mold or form with a strip 13 of friction material applied to the radially inner surface of the layer d~ The mold assembly may be placed in an oven to cure or polymerize the plastic material 18 and set the transmission brake band in the shape and form shown. When the plastic material 18 is a thermosetting epoxy, the curing ; temperature of the mold will be approximately 325F. The curing time may vary from one to several hours, as desired.
A pressure on the order of 100 psi may be applied to the bra~e band during curing. The filaments 20 are not affect-ed by the molding operation. The manufacture of the trans-mission brake band is thus completed.
The strap of the completed brake band is except-ionally flexible and resilient for compliance with a braking surface. The curing of the plastic material 18 while in contact with the lugs 11 and 12 and with the strip 13 of friction material causes the lugs to be securely and permanently anchored or adhered in the folds at the ends of the strap and the strip 13 of friction material to be bonded or adhered permanently to the radially inner surface of the strap. The bonding of the luys and the strip 13 of friction material occurs because the plastic~saturated filaments will adhere to the lugs and to the strip during the cure or pol~mer:ization of ~3~
the plasti.c in the mold. The plastic-saturated filaments of the several contacting layers will also adhere to one another. Whlle not considered necessary, a layer of adhesive may, if desired, be provided between the friction strip 13 and the strap 10 to ~enhance the bond.
The filaments 20 extend circumferentially or lengthwise of the strap 10 continuously from one end of the brake band to the other, providing sufficient strength to withstand the normal and even abnormal stresses Fig. 5 illustrates a modification which is like Figs. 1-4 but with an added layer or layers of filament-reinforced plastic material indicated at 30.
The added layer or layers are wrapped over the layers a, b, c and d transversely about at least one end portion of the strap of the brake band so that the filaments thereof extend at right angles to the direction of l~ngth of the strap. This transverse wrap 30, of course, is under the strip 13 of friction material. In Fig~ 5I the added layers comprise two radially outer layers e and f and two radially inner layers g and h which may, if desiredt comprise portions of one continuous length of material wrapped or wound upon itself. The transverse wrap of layers are applied to the brake band assembly before it is put in the mold so that the plastic of the transvere wrap will cure and set at the same time as layers a, b, c and d and will adhere to such layers. The transverse wrap may~ of course, be of the same material as the layers a, b, c and d.
Fig. 5 is somewhat distorted for purposes of clari.ty, but it should be understood that during curing in the mold the transverse wrap will be subjected to sufficient pressure to flatten its radially inner surface into substantially the plane o~ the inner layer d of the strap so that the strip 13 of friction material will be cylindrical and smooth throughout its full circumferential extellt. Also it will be understood that the transverse wrap in Fig. 5 may, for example, extend from the lug at one end of -the brake band to a point beyond the remote edge of the lug as seen in Fiy. 1. Naturally, the trans-verse wrap may be applied to both ends of the brake band.
The transversewrap or wraps provide extra strength to resist forces that occur at the lugs in a radially outward direction during lock-up.
Fig. 8 shows a further modification which differs from Fig. 1 only in tha~ the lug 11 is mechanically fast-ened to the strap 10 as by rivets 40 or by staking, rather than by being adhered within a fold of the strap matexial as in Fig. lo Obviousl~, the other lug may be mechanically fastened to the strap 10 in a similar manner. The mech-anical fasteners may be applied after the brake band has been cured in the mold.
Fig. 9 shows another modification of ~ig. 1 in which the strap 10 consists of a single layer of filament-reinforced material and an intermediate layer 50 of flexible,resilient, compressible material is ~onded between the strap 10 and the strip 13 of friction material. The inter-mediate layer 50 improves the conformability of the band strap, allowing the strip 13 to conform to mating surfaces that do not run true.
Fig. 10 shows a construction like Figs. 1-4 but modified in that one or koth of the band ends are reinforced by high strength segments 52 of steel or the like anchored or adhered under the lugs and within the folds of the filament-reinforced plastic material at the ends of the strap 10. Note that in Fig. 10 the strap 10 consists of only a single layer of filament-reinforced plastic material folded over the lug and the steel seg-ment at one end and terminating at 53~
~53~
Fig 11 shows a further modification of the band strap 10 which is sh~wnas a single layer of filament-rein~orced plastic material of full width and having two narrower, laterally spaced, strips60 of the same filament-reinforced plastic material extending lengthwise o~ the strap and bonded in the mold to the radiall~ outer surface thereof. The narrow strips 60 provide added strength while retaining exceptionally good transverse ~lexibili-ty for the band~
Figs 12 and 13 show the invention applied to a so-called double-wrap transmission brake band. This band has laterally spaced cylindrical strap segments lOa, lOb and lOc similar to strap 10 previously described, each having a lug 11 at one end thereof bonded or adhered 15 to end of the filament-reinforced plastic layer 16 of which the strap segments are made. The layers 16 are not shown folded over the lugs. Rather the lugs are bound to the layers 16 by the transverse wraps 30 pre--viously described, which wrap around the layers 16 and lugs 11~ During curing of the plastic of layers 16 and wraps 30, the plastic-sa-turated filaments 20 become adhered to each other and to the lugs to form abond. Note the direction of the filaments 20 of the strap-forming layers 16 and of the transverse wraps 30. The opposite ends of the segments are integrally joined where indicated at 70 Fig 13 should be understood as showing the band before curing, when the surface of the friction lining 13 is irregular where it passes over the transverse wraps.
These irregularities are ~lattened out or disappear in ~0 the finished product because of the pressure employed during curlng.
Claims (14)
1. A friction band comprising an arcuate band having adjacent end portions adapted to receive the actuating force, said arcuate band between said end portions comprising an elongated strap of filament-reinforced plastic material extending from one end portion of said arcuate band to the other, and a strip of friction material adhered to the radially inner surface of said strap of filament-reinforced plastic material, said strap of plastic material being rein-forced by a multiplicity of continuous, elongated flexible reinforcing filaments extending lengthwise of said strap and circumferentially of said arcuate band from one end portion thereof to the other, said end portions having load transfer lugs and said strap of filament-reinforced plastic material being formed in a length which at the ends of said arcuate band is folded back circumferentially upon itself and over said lugs to anchor said lugs in the folds thereof in a manner such that the loading of said arcuate band, as transferred by said lugs, is tensile and coincident with said circumferentially extending flexible reinforcing elements.
2.. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, wherein said strap of filament-reinforced plastic material is formed of superimposed plastic layers each reinforced with a multiplicity of said continuous, elongated filaments.
3. A friction band as defined in Claim 2, wherein said layers are portions of a single continuous member folded upon itself at the ends of said arcuate band to form said folds in which said lugs are an-chored as aforesaid.
4. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, including second and third straps of filament-rein-forced plastic material respectively wrapped about the folds at the ends of said arcuate band and each being reinforced with a multiplicity of continuous, elongated flexible reinforcing filaments extending transversely of said first mentioned strap of fila-ment-reinforced plastic material.
5. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, wherein said strap of filament-reinforced plastic material has one or more strips narrower in width than said strap of filament-reinforced plastic material and substantially coextensive therewith secured to the radially outer surface of said strap, said one or more strips being reinforced by a multi-plicity of continuous, elongated filaments extending lengthwise thereof.
6. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, including a layer of resilient material interposed between said strap and said strip of friction material.
7. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, including rigid plates reinforcing the ends of said band.
8. A friction band as defined in Claim 1, wherein said band is of the double-wrap type.
9. A friction band as defined in any one of Claims 1-3, wherein said filaments are made of glass.
10. A friction band as defined in any one of Claims 4-6, wherein said filaments are made of glass.
11. A friction band as defined in Claims 7 or 8, wherein said filaments are made of glass.
12. A friction band as defined in any one of Claims 1-3, wherein said plastic material is an epoxy.
13. A friction band as defined in any one of Claims 4-6, wherein said plastic material is epoxy.
14. A friction band as defined in Claim 7 or 8, wherein said plastic material is epoxy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38984382A | 1982-06-18 | 1982-06-18 | |
| US389,843 | 1982-06-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1199286A true CA1199286A (en) | 1986-01-14 |
Family
ID=23539960
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000419678A Expired CA1199286A (en) | 1982-06-18 | 1983-01-18 | Plastic transmission brake band |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58225235A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1199286A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3315292A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2528927B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2122132B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4585098A (en) * | 1982-06-18 | 1986-04-29 | D.A.B. Industries, Inc. | Filament-reinforced composite transmission brake band |
| US4778036A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1988-10-18 | Nowak Florian I | Cam-operated mechanical machine brake |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1771749A (en) * | 1924-05-24 | 1930-07-29 | Johns Manville | Brake lining |
| US2551474A (en) * | 1946-05-10 | 1951-05-01 | Permafuse Corp | Brake shoe assembly |
| US2975870A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1961-03-21 | Gen Motors Corp | Brake band |
| US2782458A (en) * | 1954-12-07 | 1957-02-26 | Dale C Emmert | Method and apparatus for producing flat fiberglass reinforced plastic panels |
| DE1754255U (en) * | 1957-08-24 | 1957-10-17 | Robert Thomas Fabriken Fuer Ei | CORROSION-PROTECTED BRAKE TAPES FOR BAND BRAKES, ESPECIALLY WITH DRY SPINTERS. |
| US3386535A (en) * | 1966-10-26 | 1968-06-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Friction band |
| US3575267A (en) * | 1969-04-21 | 1971-04-20 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | Self-compensating load responsive brake assembly |
| GB1325304A (en) * | 1969-10-16 | 1973-08-01 | Automotive Prod Co Ltd | Method of applying a layer of sintered material |
| US3804699A (en) * | 1971-06-25 | 1974-04-16 | Ludlow Corp | Slip-resistant mat |
| US3893225A (en) * | 1972-11-06 | 1975-07-08 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Method for making a band brake |
| GB1442806A (en) * | 1973-06-23 | 1976-07-14 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Carpet for athletic playing fields |
| CA1036150A (en) * | 1974-10-02 | 1978-08-08 | Kenneth H. Eddy | Drawworks for portable drilling rig |
| JPS5652265B2 (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1981-12-10 | ||
| DE2654644A1 (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-06-08 | Glyco Metall Werke | LAMINATED MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SLIDING BEARING ELEMENTS AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| GB2107246A (en) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-04-27 | Coal Ind | Slip- and weather-resistant laminates |
-
1983
- 1983-01-18 CA CA000419678A patent/CA1199286A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-07 GB GB08306200A patent/GB2122132B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-25 FR FR8306776A patent/FR2528927B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-27 DE DE19833315292 patent/DE3315292A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-05-30 JP JP58096838A patent/JPS58225235A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2122132B (en) | 1985-12-11 |
| JPS58225235A (en) | 1983-12-27 |
| GB2122132A (en) | 1984-01-11 |
| DE3315292A1 (en) | 1983-12-22 |
| GB8306200D0 (en) | 1983-04-13 |
| FR2528927A1 (en) | 1983-12-23 |
| FR2528927B1 (en) | 1987-01-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |