CA1047365A - Water hammer shock absorber - Google Patents
Water hammer shock absorberInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047365A CA1047365A CA262,137A CA262137A CA1047365A CA 1047365 A CA1047365 A CA 1047365A CA 262137 A CA262137 A CA 262137A CA 1047365 A CA1047365 A CA 1047365A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- openings
- casing
- perforations
- shock absorber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
WATER HAMMER SHOCK ABSORBER
A water hammer shock absorber comprising a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the perforations being larger in a central portion of the pipe and smaller adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion.
WATER HAMMER SHOCK ABSORBER
A water hammer shock absorber comprising a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the perforations being larger in a central portion of the pipe and smaller adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion.
Description
~'73~
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water hamm~r shock absorber to be installed within piping for liquids for the purpose of absorbing the pressure waves attributed to water hammer.
Absorption of the pressure waves effected by water hammer within the piping arrangement for liquids has hitherto been performed by an accumulator installed in a pipe at right angles toward the outside thereof.
Such accumulator, however, has the drawback of being structurally complicated; and as a result it is expensive to manufacture, and also has the further drawback of being quite difficult to install, with the result that the cost of its installation is very high.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
An ob~ect of the present invention is to provide a water hammer shock absorber which is capable of eliminating the drawbacks inherent in the conventional shock absorber mentioned above and the overall cost of installation of which is very low because of the simplicity of its construction as well as of its installation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the perforations being larger in a central portion of the pipe and smaller adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion; and wherein, on occurrence of water ~q.. ~ .
7~1~5 ha~mer within the fluid piping, the pressure waves effected thereby pass out through the small perforations toward -the elastic tube covering the pipe and stay therein temporarily, and thereafter said pressure waves become au-tomatically absorbed as a result of the balancing of the force of the pressure waves with the sum of the elasticity of the tube and the pressing force effected by the pressurized gas surrounding the ~ube. Therefore, in comparison with conventional watex hammer shock absorbers, the water hammer shock absorber of this invention is superior from the standpoint of economy;
sincè it has a ver~; simple construction, with the conse~uence that it is not onl~ easy to manufacture but is also easy to incorporate in a piping arrangement. Moreover it requires neither specific handling nor particular maintenance, In addition, it can itself serve as a pipe joint.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a water hammer shock absorber, wherein the area of said small perforations defined on the periphery of the pipe is greatest in the central portion of the pipe and becomes smaller and smaller successively as one proceeds outwardly from the central portion toward both ends of the pipe in order that the tube is deformed by the pressure waves in a smooth convex shape without any strain so as to prolong the operational li~e of the tube.
The present invention resides in a water hammer shock absorber comprising: a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings, said casing having smoothly curved surface portions at junctures of the openings and the cavity; a pîpe extending within the ' 30 cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the :' : - .
.
. ,- ' ' ~
73~5 casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the total area of said perforations being greater in a central portion of the pipe and lesser adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion, said tube being contoured with preformed annular convex zones within the cavity adjacent each of said two : casing openings.
In a more particular aspect of the invention, the perforat.ions in a central portion of the pipe are larger than the perforations adjacent the two openings of the casing, and are progressively smaller along ~he length of the pipe in opposite axial directions from the center toward the two openings of the casing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DR~WINGS
The appended drawings illustrate the present invention wherein, Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a water hammer shock absorber embodying the present invention, when operated normally, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water hammer ; shock absorber in operation, shown in Figure 1, and : Figure 3 is an expl~ded view of a ~ipe employed i~
the water hammer shock absorber shown in Figure 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the drawings, the reference numeral 1 denotes a casing which is provided with a cavity 8 in its interior and with openings 11, 12 in both side~walls respectively. Further ~ in both side walls of the casing, t~ere are provided tapped :~ 30 holes 6 permitting the casing to.be mounted.onto the flange of . .
:, :. . ., ,, ................ :
.
7~5 a conduit, etc. ~not shown).
There is provided another tapped hole 7 extending through a portion of the peripheral wall of the casing, and a plug 9 is screwed therein to seal up said hole 7 airtightly.
~ A pipe 2 extends within the cavity 8 between openings 11 and 12 in the side walls of casing 1, and is sealed with respect to the casing. Said pipe 2 has a number of small perforations 10 in its peripheral wall. A tube 3 consisting of an elastic material such as rubber, which material has a tendency to expand radially, covers pipe 2; and is fitted onto the peripheral wall of the pipe in such a manner that said tube 3 is interposed between the pipe 2 and the openings 11 and 12 of the casing to effect a watertight engagement therewith. As shown in the drawings, the casing portion .
forming the openings 11 and 12 is smoothly curved at the junctures 13, 14 with the cavity 8, where th~ tube 3 makes contact during expansioni to avoid high localized stress on the tube.
The flange of said elastic tube projecting outwardly from the openings 11 and 12 of the casing is seated onto the outer seat of said openings, whereby the outer side of the flange is pressed through the-intermediate of a washer 4, by ~.
nuts 5 to be screwed around the pipe to ensure fixation of the ;~ tube 3 to the pipe 2. Then, the portion ~f the tube to come . into contact with the inner wall--of the cavity 8 is left--.. ..
expanded as seen in~Figures 1 and 2, to prevent it from being cracked. AS shown in Figure 1 the tube 3 is formed with convex annul~r curved portions 15, -16 that partially conform to the juncture of the opening with the cavity. Also the 30 portions 15, 16, which are in-essence preformed expansions in the neighborhood of both ends~~of the tube, defonm or elongate ' .
.
: ' ~
. :. . :
3~;5 very little durlng e~pansion of the tube to the confi~uration shown in Filgure 2.
In the water hammer shock absorber constructed above, a gas having been pressurized to a prescribed pressure is introduced into the cavity 8 through the tapped hole 7 by removing the plug 9 therefrom, and thereafter the plug 9 is screwed into the hole 7 again to seal up said pressurized gas within the cavity 80 (as shown in Figure 1).
The piping arrangement may be completed by incorpo-rating the shock absorber which has the pressurized gas sealedinto the cavity thereof in a manner wherein both sides thereof are connected with a conduit respectively in a suitable way.
On occurrence of water hammer within the piping, the pressure waves effected thereby are transmitted into said joint so as to let them pass through the small perforations 10 into between the pipe 2 and tube 3 in order that the pressure waves work to expand the tube outwardly (as seen in Figure 2) until the force of the pressure waves is counterbalanced by the sum of the elasticity of the tube and gas pressure within said cavity 8.
Such expansion of the tube 3 as above-described achieves absorption of the pressure effected by the pressure waves, and thereafter extinction of the pressure waves induces the fluid within the expanded portion of the tube to flow back again into the pipe 2 through the small perforations 10.
` ! .
In this aonnection, throughout such operation of *he shock absorber, the gas pressure in the cavity g should be adjusted in accordance with the expected pressure waves.
Further, the small perforations of the pipe 2 should be formed in such a fashion that the area of said small perfoFation is largest in the central portion of the pipe and : . . . :, : ~ . . -,, . . . ,~.. ., ,,, : . .
- - "
3~5 becomes smaller and smaller successively as it gets apart ILVm the central portion toward both ends of the pipe (as seen in Figure 3), in order that the tube will temporarily have a greater pressure in its cen-tral portion and with a lesser pressure in the portion nearer to both ends, in order to effect smooth deformation of the tube, as seen in Figure 2.
Although a particular preferred embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed in detail for illustrative purposes, it will be recognized that variations or modifications of the disclosed shock absorber, including the rearrangement 10 of parts, lie within the scope of the present invention.
' ' .
. 1 ' I
.`
!
., .
~, -6 .
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water hamm~r shock absorber to be installed within piping for liquids for the purpose of absorbing the pressure waves attributed to water hammer.
Absorption of the pressure waves effected by water hammer within the piping arrangement for liquids has hitherto been performed by an accumulator installed in a pipe at right angles toward the outside thereof.
Such accumulator, however, has the drawback of being structurally complicated; and as a result it is expensive to manufacture, and also has the further drawback of being quite difficult to install, with the result that the cost of its installation is very high.
SUMM~RY OF THE INVENTION
An ob~ect of the present invention is to provide a water hammer shock absorber which is capable of eliminating the drawbacks inherent in the conventional shock absorber mentioned above and the overall cost of installation of which is very low because of the simplicity of its construction as well as of its installation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the perforations being larger in a central portion of the pipe and smaller adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion; and wherein, on occurrence of water ~q.. ~ .
7~1~5 ha~mer within the fluid piping, the pressure waves effected thereby pass out through the small perforations toward -the elastic tube covering the pipe and stay therein temporarily, and thereafter said pressure waves become au-tomatically absorbed as a result of the balancing of the force of the pressure waves with the sum of the elasticity of the tube and the pressing force effected by the pressurized gas surrounding the ~ube. Therefore, in comparison with conventional watex hammer shock absorbers, the water hammer shock absorber of this invention is superior from the standpoint of economy;
sincè it has a ver~; simple construction, with the conse~uence that it is not onl~ easy to manufacture but is also easy to incorporate in a piping arrangement. Moreover it requires neither specific handling nor particular maintenance, In addition, it can itself serve as a pipe joint.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a water hammer shock absorber, wherein the area of said small perforations defined on the periphery of the pipe is greatest in the central portion of the pipe and becomes smaller and smaller successively as one proceeds outwardly from the central portion toward both ends of the pipe in order that the tube is deformed by the pressure waves in a smooth convex shape without any strain so as to prolong the operational li~e of the tube.
The present invention resides in a water hammer shock absorber comprising: a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings, said casing having smoothly curved surface portions at junctures of the openings and the cavity; a pîpe extending within the ' 30 cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the :' : - .
.
. ,- ' ' ~
73~5 casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the total area of said perforations being greater in a central portion of the pipe and lesser adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion, said tube being contoured with preformed annular convex zones within the cavity adjacent each of said two : casing openings.
In a more particular aspect of the invention, the perforat.ions in a central portion of the pipe are larger than the perforations adjacent the two openings of the casing, and are progressively smaller along ~he length of the pipe in opposite axial directions from the center toward the two openings of the casing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~IE DR~WINGS
The appended drawings illustrate the present invention wherein, Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a water hammer shock absorber embodying the present invention, when operated normally, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water hammer ; shock absorber in operation, shown in Figure 1, and : Figure 3 is an expl~ded view of a ~ipe employed i~
the water hammer shock absorber shown in Figure 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the drawings, the reference numeral 1 denotes a casing which is provided with a cavity 8 in its interior and with openings 11, 12 in both side~walls respectively. Further ~ in both side walls of the casing, t~ere are provided tapped :~ 30 holes 6 permitting the casing to.be mounted.onto the flange of . .
:, :. . ., ,, ................ :
.
7~5 a conduit, etc. ~not shown).
There is provided another tapped hole 7 extending through a portion of the peripheral wall of the casing, and a plug 9 is screwed therein to seal up said hole 7 airtightly.
~ A pipe 2 extends within the cavity 8 between openings 11 and 12 in the side walls of casing 1, and is sealed with respect to the casing. Said pipe 2 has a number of small perforations 10 in its peripheral wall. A tube 3 consisting of an elastic material such as rubber, which material has a tendency to expand radially, covers pipe 2; and is fitted onto the peripheral wall of the pipe in such a manner that said tube 3 is interposed between the pipe 2 and the openings 11 and 12 of the casing to effect a watertight engagement therewith. As shown in the drawings, the casing portion .
forming the openings 11 and 12 is smoothly curved at the junctures 13, 14 with the cavity 8, where th~ tube 3 makes contact during expansioni to avoid high localized stress on the tube.
The flange of said elastic tube projecting outwardly from the openings 11 and 12 of the casing is seated onto the outer seat of said openings, whereby the outer side of the flange is pressed through the-intermediate of a washer 4, by ~.
nuts 5 to be screwed around the pipe to ensure fixation of the ;~ tube 3 to the pipe 2. Then, the portion ~f the tube to come . into contact with the inner wall--of the cavity 8 is left--.. ..
expanded as seen in~Figures 1 and 2, to prevent it from being cracked. AS shown in Figure 1 the tube 3 is formed with convex annul~r curved portions 15, -16 that partially conform to the juncture of the opening with the cavity. Also the 30 portions 15, 16, which are in-essence preformed expansions in the neighborhood of both ends~~of the tube, defonm or elongate ' .
.
: ' ~
. :. . :
3~;5 very little durlng e~pansion of the tube to the confi~uration shown in Filgure 2.
In the water hammer shock absorber constructed above, a gas having been pressurized to a prescribed pressure is introduced into the cavity 8 through the tapped hole 7 by removing the plug 9 therefrom, and thereafter the plug 9 is screwed into the hole 7 again to seal up said pressurized gas within the cavity 80 (as shown in Figure 1).
The piping arrangement may be completed by incorpo-rating the shock absorber which has the pressurized gas sealedinto the cavity thereof in a manner wherein both sides thereof are connected with a conduit respectively in a suitable way.
On occurrence of water hammer within the piping, the pressure waves effected thereby are transmitted into said joint so as to let them pass through the small perforations 10 into between the pipe 2 and tube 3 in order that the pressure waves work to expand the tube outwardly (as seen in Figure 2) until the force of the pressure waves is counterbalanced by the sum of the elasticity of the tube and gas pressure within said cavity 8.
Such expansion of the tube 3 as above-described achieves absorption of the pressure effected by the pressure waves, and thereafter extinction of the pressure waves induces the fluid within the expanded portion of the tube to flow back again into the pipe 2 through the small perforations 10.
` ! .
In this aonnection, throughout such operation of *he shock absorber, the gas pressure in the cavity g should be adjusted in accordance with the expected pressure waves.
Further, the small perforations of the pipe 2 should be formed in such a fashion that the area of said small perfoFation is largest in the central portion of the pipe and : . . . :, : ~ . . -,, . . . ,~.. ., ,,, : . .
- - "
3~5 becomes smaller and smaller successively as it gets apart ILVm the central portion toward both ends of the pipe (as seen in Figure 3), in order that the tube will temporarily have a greater pressure in its cen-tral portion and with a lesser pressure in the portion nearer to both ends, in order to effect smooth deformation of the tube, as seen in Figure 2.
Although a particular preferred embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed in detail for illustrative purposes, it will be recognized that variations or modifications of the disclosed shock absorber, including the rearrangement 10 of parts, lie within the scope of the present invention.
' ' .
. 1 ' I
.`
!
., .
~, -6 .
Claims (3)
1. A water hammer shock absorber comprising:
a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings, said casing having smoothly curved surface portions at junctures of the openings and the cavity; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the total area of said perforations being greater in a central portion of the pipe and lesser adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion, said tube being contoured with preformed annular convex zones within the cavity adjacent each of said two casings openings.
a casing forming a cavity adapted to have a pressurized gas sealed therein and provided with two openings, said casing having smoothly curved surface portions at junctures of the openings and the cavity; a pipe extending within the cavity between said two openings and sealed with respect to the casing, said pipe having perforations along its length that vary in area, the total area of said perforations being greater in a central portion of the pipe and lesser adjacent the two openings of the casing; and an elastic tube covering the perforations of the pipe and sealed about the pipe in a liquid-tight fashion, said tube being contoured with preformed annular convex zones within the cavity adjacent each of said two casings openings.
2. A water hammer shock absorber as set forth in claim 1 wherein the perforations in a central portion of the pipe are larger than the perforations adjacent the two openings of the casing.
3. A water hammer shock absorber as set forth in claim 2 wherein the perforations are progressively smaller along the length of the pipe in opposite axial directions from the center toward the two openings of the casing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12114375A JPS5245703A (en) | 1975-10-07 | 1975-10-07 | Pipe joint to absorb flow fluctuation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1047365A true CA1047365A (en) | 1979-01-30 |
Family
ID=14803913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA262,137A Expired CA1047365A (en) | 1975-10-07 | 1976-09-27 | Water hammer shock absorber |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5245703A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1047365A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0774677B2 (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1995-08-09 | 克紀 棚田 | Swivel joint for swiveling construction machinery |
| JP5651969B2 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2015-01-14 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method for slime control agent |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB835975A (en) * | 1957-07-15 | 1960-06-01 | Walter Jordan | Surge absorber for pressure fluid lines |
-
1975
- 1975-10-07 JP JP12114375A patent/JPS5245703A/en active Pending
-
1976
- 1976-09-27 CA CA262,137A patent/CA1047365A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1828376A (en) | 1977-08-18 |
| JPS5245703A (en) | 1977-04-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4186775A (en) | Water hammer shock absorber | |
| ES471040A1 (en) | Sealing arrangement | |
| SE8506122L (en) | DEVICE FOR CONNECTING A NOZZLE | |
| CN210266305U (en) | A high pressure flange device | |
| CN208764520U (en) | Antispray assembling pipe joint | |
| KR850003275A (en) | Core Auxiliary Support Structure | |
| CN215172442U (en) | Flexible cut-off device | |
| CN214196828U (en) | A detachable cylinder protective cover | |
| EP0439192B1 (en) | Pressure pulsation absorbing device | |
| CN209925846U (en) | High combination compensation arrangement of security | |
| JPS62196902U (en) | ||
| JPS5586976A (en) | Sealing method of structure and breather device for tank using the same | |
| CN220646061U (en) | Drainage silicone tube for hydrogen energy new energy vehicle | |
| CN224217438U (en) | Relay sealing structure capable of preventing oil leakage | |
| CN218628521U (en) | Sealed effectual car level sensor | |
| CN216923647U (en) | Viscous damper with large damping coefficient | |
| CN220134920U (en) | Quick-dismantling flange | |
| CN215719336U (en) | Silencing device for vacuum pump outlet | |
| CN212775310U (en) | Novel silicone oil damper assembly | |
| US6113152A (en) | Spray protection ring | |
| JPS56167811A (en) | Exhaust apparatus for motor bicycle | |
| KR840001791Y1 (en) | The protective case of the water service meter | |
| SU1721315A1 (en) | Air-loaded hydraulic accumulator | |
| JPS6342398Y2 (en) | ||
| JPS54116732A (en) | Conducting passage sealing device |