CA1047101A - Primary dry cell with gas-venting passageway around the cathode mix - Google Patents
Primary dry cell with gas-venting passageway around the cathode mixInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047101A CA1047101A CA242,324A CA242324A CA1047101A CA 1047101 A CA1047101 A CA 1047101A CA 242324 A CA242324 A CA 242324A CA 1047101 A CA1047101 A CA 1047101A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- anode cup
- dry cell
- vent
- primary dry
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283014 Dama Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001074 Tenite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N diethoxyphosphinothioyl (2z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetate Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC(=O)C(=N/OC)\C1=CSC(N)=N1 JNSGIVNNHKGGRU-JYRVWZFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
PRIMARY DRY CELL WITH GAS-VENTING
PASSAGEWAY AROUND THE CATHODE MIX
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Primary dry cell comprising a metal anode cup having a cathode mix therein, separated from the side wall of the anode cup by a porous, ionically permeable separator, and having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure including a vent, wherein a gas-venting passageway is provided around the cathode mix comprising a longitudinal groove in the side wall of the anode cup communicating with the void space defined between the cathode mix and the seal closure.
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
PASSAGEWAY AROUND THE CATHODE MIX
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Primary dry cell comprising a metal anode cup having a cathode mix therein, separated from the side wall of the anode cup by a porous, ionically permeable separator, and having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure including a vent, wherein a gas-venting passageway is provided around the cathode mix comprising a longitudinal groove in the side wall of the anode cup communicating with the void space defined between the cathode mix and the seal closure.
S P E C I F I C A T I O N
Description
~ O 47~L~ ~ 9815 This invention relates to primary dry cells in general, and more particularly to cer~cain improvements in magnesium dry cells.
Magnesium dry cell~ are used by the military as a power source ~or field radios and other similar electronic equipment. These cells have a high working voltage and they can be assembled into cell batteries having a hlgh capacity per unit volume. However~ magnesium cells are prone to generate large quantities of gas on discharge which, if not properly vented, can result in cell rupture and possible dama~e ~o the equipment.
Generally, the rate of gas generation is dependent on the rate o~ discharge and more g8S is generated at higher drains. Magnesium cells, therefore, must pass rather stringent test requirements. One of these requirements is that the cells should be c~pable of rapidly venting gas from inside the cells 9 and thus avoid cell rupture, when they are sub3ected to cert~in abusive conditions that may occur in the field, such as when ~he cells are inadvertently placed on a short circuit load.
The problem that is mos~ requently encountered in meetlng this requirement is that some of the gas that is generated under abusive conditions becomes en~rapped inside the cell and cannot be vented. The vent through which the gas escapes to the ambient environment is located in the seal closure at the top of trle cell. Gas
Magnesium dry cell~ are used by the military as a power source ~or field radios and other similar electronic equipment. These cells have a high working voltage and they can be assembled into cell batteries having a hlgh capacity per unit volume. However~ magnesium cells are prone to generate large quantities of gas on discharge which, if not properly vented, can result in cell rupture and possible dama~e ~o the equipment.
Generally, the rate of gas generation is dependent on the rate o~ discharge and more g8S is generated at higher drains. Magnesium cells, therefore, must pass rather stringent test requirements. One of these requirements is that the cells should be c~pable of rapidly venting gas from inside the cells 9 and thus avoid cell rupture, when they are sub3ected to cert~in abusive conditions that may occur in the field, such as when ~he cells are inadvertently placed on a short circuit load.
The problem that is mos~ requently encountered in meetlng this requirement is that some of the gas that is generated under abusive conditions becomes en~rapped inside the cell and cannot be vented. The vent through which the gas escapes to the ambient environment is located in the seal closure at the top of trle cell. Gas
-2~ ~
7 1 0 ~ 9~1S
that is generated near the bottom of ~he cell owing to the anodic ac~vity of the anode cup bot~om, m~lst pass completely through the cathode mix and ln~o the ~oid ~pace located beneath the closure where the gas accumulates prior to its escape through the vent. However, some of this gas becomes trapped and the resultant gas pressure that develops pushes on the ca~hode mix and actually c~uses it to rise ~nside the cell like a pistonJ and eventual~y the cathode mix comes into contact with the underneath side of the closure and blocks the vent~ As the ga~
pressure con~inues to rise, the cell will eventually split or the seal closure will be pushed out from the cell.
Attempts have been made to solve th~s problem in various ways, such as by placing mechanical restraint on the cathode mix to prevent its movement, but these attempts have not consistently given positive results, and i~ has become evident ~hat some means mNst be devised to enable the gas to pass around the cathode mix inside the cell.
Accordingly, it i8 the principal object of this invention to provide such means in a primary dry cell.
With the oregoing and other objects in view, there is provided in accordance with the invention a primary dry cell, and especially a magnesium dry cell, comprising a metal anode cup having a cat~ode mix therein, separated from the side wall of the anode cup by a porous, Lonically ` ~047~0~ 9815 -permeable separator, and having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure ~ncluding a vent9 wherein a : gas-venting passageway is provided around the cathode mix comprising a longitudinal groove in the side wall o:E the anode cup communicating with the void space defined between the ca~hode mix and the seal closure. Gas that is generated near the bottom of the cell is vented through the cathode mix via the passageway into the ~oid spacle from whence the gas escapes through the vent.
In the preferred embodiment of the inventlon, the longitudinal groove in the side wall of the anode cup, forming the gas-venting passageway, also communicates with a radial groove in the bottom wall of the anode cup.
Although the invention will be illustrated and described herein as applied to a magnesium dry cell, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to such cell in particular, since the principles of the invention can be applied equally as wëll to other primary dry cell systems.
The construction and method of opera~ion of the invention, together with additional ob~ects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following descrip-tion of specific embodiments when read in connect~on wi~h the accompanying drawings9 in which:
Figure 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a magnesium dry cell constructed in accordance with the inventio~;
~815 ~L~47~
Figure 2 ~s a sectional view taken alo~g t~e line 2-2 in Figure l; and Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, taken along the line 3-3 ~n Figure l.
Referring now to the drawing and particularly to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a primary dry cell comprising a cylindrical anode cup 10 made of magnesium metal or a magnesium alloy, and having an upper open end and a close bottom end. With~n the anode eup lO there is a cathode mix 12 compri~ing particles of an oxidic depolarizer, such as manganese dioxide, finely-divlded conductive material, such as acetylene black, and an electrolyte. Suitably, the electrolyte may be an aqueous magnesium perchlorate solution, for example. The cath~de mix 12 is separated from the side wall of the anode cup lO
by a porous, ionically permeable separator 14, suitably a porous kraft paper. The cathode mix 12 is also separa~ed from the anode cup bottom by a porous paper or cardboard washer 16. The washer 16 is also permeable to the electrolyte and renders the anode cup bo~tom anodically active along with the side wall of the anode cup 10. A central carbon electrode element 18 is embedded in the cathode mix 12 and protrudes slightly beyond the upper open end of the anode cup 10~
As best lllustrated in Figure 2, four equidistantly spaced apart longitudinal grooves 20 are ~5-9~15 711~1 provided in the side wall o~ the anode cup 10. These longitudinal grooves 20 are located at the interface between the side wall of the anode cup 10 and the paper separator 14 and extend from just below the upper edges of the anode cup 10 to the juncture between the side and bottom walls of the anode cup 10. A pair o~ diametrically dlsposed, intersecting grooves 22 are also provided in the bottom wall of the anode cup 10 and communicate with each of the longitudinal grooves 20. Grooves 22 constitute four radial grooves each of which communicates with one of the longitudinal grooves 20.
The seal closure for the cell comprises an annular insulating disc 24 which is gas-tightly sealed within the upper open end of the anode cup 10. Disc 24 is suitably molded from a plastic material and is formed on its top surface with an annular, stepped or raised portion 26 surrounding its outer periphery. The disc 24 is fitted tightly around the protruding end portion of the carbon electrode element 18 and its outer edges abut against the interior side wall of the anode cup 10. The upper side wall of anode cup 10 is turned or bent inwardly by a seal ring 28, suitably made of steel. This ring 28 is compressed or forced inwardly under a high radial pressure ; against the side wall of the anode cup 10 to form a tight radial seal between the abutting outer edges of the disc 24 and the interior side wall of the anode cup 10. A
~ ~ ~7 1~ ~
m2tal ~erminal cap 30 is fitted over the top of the carbon electrode element 18 and serves as the positive ~erminal of the cell.
A resealable vent is incorporated in the seal closure and is preferably constituted by a small vent aperture 32 which is provided in the :insulating disc 24.
The vent aperture 32 communicates with the void sp~ce 34 which is defined between the disc 24 and the exposed surface on the cathode mix 12. The cathode mix 12 substan-tially fills the anode cup 10 to just below its upper peripheral edges le~ving enough space for the insulat~ng disc 24 and the void space 34. Overlying the vent aperture 32 is a flat annular seal gasket 36. This gasket 36 may be made from any suitable elastomeric material, such as Tenite a registered trademark of the Tennessee Eastern Co. (for cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate butyra~e~, and preferably covers the whole top surface of the annular stepped or raised portion 26 on the disc 24.
The seal ring 28 has one leg element 28a which extends radially inwardly from the peripheral edge of the anode cup 10 and is mounted in resilient pressure contact against the top of the flat annular seal gasket 36. The leg element 28a constitutes a retaining member which biases the seal gasket 36 in~o normally seal~ng relation around the Yent 3perture 32~ Upon the build-up of a predetermined excessive gas pressure in the void space 34, the leg elem~nt 28a deflects ælightly in a direction away from the ~ ~7 ~ ~L 9815 gasket 36 and allows gas to escape through the vent aperture 32, Once the gas pressure has been relieved, the resiliency of the leg element 28a causes it to again close or seal the aperture 32. A more detailed discussion of the resealable vent and its method of operation is given in U. S. Patent No. 3,494,801 to L. F. Urry.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1-3, the four longitudinal groove~ 20 communicate with the void space 34 and thus enable any gas that is normally trapped near the bottom of the anode cup 10 to pass via the diametrically disposed grooves 22 into the void space 34 from whence the gas can readily escape through the vent.
It should be understood that any number oE
longitudinal grooves 20 may be ~mployed in the side wall of the anode cup 10. Generally, the gas-venting passageway provided by one longitudinal groove 20 alone (i.e., without a radial groove in the anode cup bottom) will suffice for the purpose of venting gas normally trapped at the bottom of the cell.
Thus it will be seen that the invention provides a means in a primary ~ry cel~ for venting gas around the cathode mix which mi~ht otherwise become trapped ne;r the bottom of the anode cup causing the cathode mix to rise like a piston into contact with the seal closure and block the vent. It will of course be apparent that the advantages made possible by the invention cannot be Eully ~ ~7 ~ 1 realized unless the vent that is used in the seal closure is capable of venting the gas at a high rate from in~ide the cell. Various types of high rate vents can of course be used.
So-called "plug vents" can be employed, for example, which are capable of venting gas at high rates, although these vents are not resealable. Such vents consist of a vent opening in the closure disc which is sealed by a plug of wax or other low melting point sealan~. The plug is expelled from the vent upon the development of high internal gas pressure or temperature or both. A vent of this type which has proven particularly advantageous for use in magnesium cells and which is recommended for use in primary dry cells of the invention is disclosed and claimed in the co-pending application of L. F, Urry, U.S.
Patent No. 3,877,992, file~ on August 1, 1973.
7 1 0 ~ 9~1S
that is generated near the bottom of ~he cell owing to the anodic ac~vity of the anode cup bot~om, m~lst pass completely through the cathode mix and ln~o the ~oid ~pace located beneath the closure where the gas accumulates prior to its escape through the vent. However, some of this gas becomes trapped and the resultant gas pressure that develops pushes on the ca~hode mix and actually c~uses it to rise ~nside the cell like a pistonJ and eventual~y the cathode mix comes into contact with the underneath side of the closure and blocks the vent~ As the ga~
pressure con~inues to rise, the cell will eventually split or the seal closure will be pushed out from the cell.
Attempts have been made to solve th~s problem in various ways, such as by placing mechanical restraint on the cathode mix to prevent its movement, but these attempts have not consistently given positive results, and i~ has become evident ~hat some means mNst be devised to enable the gas to pass around the cathode mix inside the cell.
Accordingly, it i8 the principal object of this invention to provide such means in a primary dry cell.
With the oregoing and other objects in view, there is provided in accordance with the invention a primary dry cell, and especially a magnesium dry cell, comprising a metal anode cup having a cat~ode mix therein, separated from the side wall of the anode cup by a porous, Lonically ` ~047~0~ 9815 -permeable separator, and having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure ~ncluding a vent9 wherein a : gas-venting passageway is provided around the cathode mix comprising a longitudinal groove in the side wall o:E the anode cup communicating with the void space defined between the ca~hode mix and the seal closure. Gas that is generated near the bottom of the cell is vented through the cathode mix via the passageway into the ~oid spacle from whence the gas escapes through the vent.
In the preferred embodiment of the inventlon, the longitudinal groove in the side wall of the anode cup, forming the gas-venting passageway, also communicates with a radial groove in the bottom wall of the anode cup.
Although the invention will be illustrated and described herein as applied to a magnesium dry cell, it is nevertheless not intended to be limited to such cell in particular, since the principles of the invention can be applied equally as wëll to other primary dry cell systems.
The construction and method of opera~ion of the invention, together with additional ob~ects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following descrip-tion of specific embodiments when read in connect~on wi~h the accompanying drawings9 in which:
Figure 1 is an elevational view, in section, of a magnesium dry cell constructed in accordance with the inventio~;
~815 ~L~47~
Figure 2 ~s a sectional view taken alo~g t~e line 2-2 in Figure l; and Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, taken along the line 3-3 ~n Figure l.
Referring now to the drawing and particularly to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a primary dry cell comprising a cylindrical anode cup 10 made of magnesium metal or a magnesium alloy, and having an upper open end and a close bottom end. With~n the anode eup lO there is a cathode mix 12 compri~ing particles of an oxidic depolarizer, such as manganese dioxide, finely-divlded conductive material, such as acetylene black, and an electrolyte. Suitably, the electrolyte may be an aqueous magnesium perchlorate solution, for example. The cath~de mix 12 is separated from the side wall of the anode cup lO
by a porous, ionically permeable separator 14, suitably a porous kraft paper. The cathode mix 12 is also separa~ed from the anode cup bottom by a porous paper or cardboard washer 16. The washer 16 is also permeable to the electrolyte and renders the anode cup bo~tom anodically active along with the side wall of the anode cup 10. A central carbon electrode element 18 is embedded in the cathode mix 12 and protrudes slightly beyond the upper open end of the anode cup 10~
As best lllustrated in Figure 2, four equidistantly spaced apart longitudinal grooves 20 are ~5-9~15 711~1 provided in the side wall o~ the anode cup 10. These longitudinal grooves 20 are located at the interface between the side wall of the anode cup 10 and the paper separator 14 and extend from just below the upper edges of the anode cup 10 to the juncture between the side and bottom walls of the anode cup 10. A pair o~ diametrically dlsposed, intersecting grooves 22 are also provided in the bottom wall of the anode cup 10 and communicate with each of the longitudinal grooves 20. Grooves 22 constitute four radial grooves each of which communicates with one of the longitudinal grooves 20.
The seal closure for the cell comprises an annular insulating disc 24 which is gas-tightly sealed within the upper open end of the anode cup 10. Disc 24 is suitably molded from a plastic material and is formed on its top surface with an annular, stepped or raised portion 26 surrounding its outer periphery. The disc 24 is fitted tightly around the protruding end portion of the carbon electrode element 18 and its outer edges abut against the interior side wall of the anode cup 10. The upper side wall of anode cup 10 is turned or bent inwardly by a seal ring 28, suitably made of steel. This ring 28 is compressed or forced inwardly under a high radial pressure ; against the side wall of the anode cup 10 to form a tight radial seal between the abutting outer edges of the disc 24 and the interior side wall of the anode cup 10. A
~ ~ ~7 1~ ~
m2tal ~erminal cap 30 is fitted over the top of the carbon electrode element 18 and serves as the positive ~erminal of the cell.
A resealable vent is incorporated in the seal closure and is preferably constituted by a small vent aperture 32 which is provided in the :insulating disc 24.
The vent aperture 32 communicates with the void sp~ce 34 which is defined between the disc 24 and the exposed surface on the cathode mix 12. The cathode mix 12 substan-tially fills the anode cup 10 to just below its upper peripheral edges le~ving enough space for the insulat~ng disc 24 and the void space 34. Overlying the vent aperture 32 is a flat annular seal gasket 36. This gasket 36 may be made from any suitable elastomeric material, such as Tenite a registered trademark of the Tennessee Eastern Co. (for cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate butyra~e~, and preferably covers the whole top surface of the annular stepped or raised portion 26 on the disc 24.
The seal ring 28 has one leg element 28a which extends radially inwardly from the peripheral edge of the anode cup 10 and is mounted in resilient pressure contact against the top of the flat annular seal gasket 36. The leg element 28a constitutes a retaining member which biases the seal gasket 36 in~o normally seal~ng relation around the Yent 3perture 32~ Upon the build-up of a predetermined excessive gas pressure in the void space 34, the leg elem~nt 28a deflects ælightly in a direction away from the ~ ~7 ~ ~L 9815 gasket 36 and allows gas to escape through the vent aperture 32, Once the gas pressure has been relieved, the resiliency of the leg element 28a causes it to again close or seal the aperture 32. A more detailed discussion of the resealable vent and its method of operation is given in U. S. Patent No. 3,494,801 to L. F. Urry.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1-3, the four longitudinal groove~ 20 communicate with the void space 34 and thus enable any gas that is normally trapped near the bottom of the anode cup 10 to pass via the diametrically disposed grooves 22 into the void space 34 from whence the gas can readily escape through the vent.
It should be understood that any number oE
longitudinal grooves 20 may be ~mployed in the side wall of the anode cup 10. Generally, the gas-venting passageway provided by one longitudinal groove 20 alone (i.e., without a radial groove in the anode cup bottom) will suffice for the purpose of venting gas normally trapped at the bottom of the cell.
Thus it will be seen that the invention provides a means in a primary ~ry cel~ for venting gas around the cathode mix which mi~ht otherwise become trapped ne;r the bottom of the anode cup causing the cathode mix to rise like a piston into contact with the seal closure and block the vent. It will of course be apparent that the advantages made possible by the invention cannot be Eully ~ ~7 ~ 1 realized unless the vent that is used in the seal closure is capable of venting the gas at a high rate from in~ide the cell. Various types of high rate vents can of course be used.
So-called "plug vents" can be employed, for example, which are capable of venting gas at high rates, although these vents are not resealable. Such vents consist of a vent opening in the closure disc which is sealed by a plug of wax or other low melting point sealan~. The plug is expelled from the vent upon the development of high internal gas pressure or temperature or both. A vent of this type which has proven particularly advantageous for use in magnesium cells and which is recommended for use in primary dry cells of the invention is disclosed and claimed in the co-pending application of L. F, Urry, U.S.
Patent No. 3,877,992, file~ on August 1, 1973.
Claims (7)
1. A primary dry cell comprising a metal anode cup having an open end which is gas-tightly sealed by a closure including a vent and having a cathode mix therein comprising particles of an oxidic depolarizer, finely-divided conductive material and an electrolyte, separated from the side wall of said anode cup by a porcus, ionically permeable separator, said closure and said cathode mix defining a void space therebetween, wherein there is a gas-venting longltudinal groove in said side wall extending to the bottom of said anode cup and communicating with said void space to thereby enable gas normally entrapped near the bottom of said anode cup to pass freely around said cathode mix and into said void space from whence the gas can excape through said vent.
2. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 1, wherein said gas-venting passageway further includes a radial groove, communicating with said longitudinal groove, in the bottom wall of said anode cup.
3. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 2, wherein a multiplicity of said longitudinal and radial grooves are substantially equidistantly spaced apart in the side and bottom walls of said anode cup.
4. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 3, wherein four longitudinal and radial grooves are provided 90 degrees apart in the side and bottom walls of said anode cup .
5. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 1, wherein a central carbon electrode element is embedded in said cathode mix and protrudes slightly beyond the open end of said anode cup and wherein said closure conprises an annular insulating disc gas-tightly fitting around said carbon electrode element and within said open end of said anode cup.
6. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 5, wherein said vent comprises a vent aperture in said annular insulating disc, a seal gasket overlying said vent aperture and a seal ring surrounding the peripheral edges of said anode cup and having a leg element extending inwardly and biasing said seal gasket into sealing relation around said vent aperture, said leg element being deflectable in a direction away from said seal gasket upon the build-up of a predetermined high internal gas pressure inside said cell.
7. The primary dry cell as defined by claim 5, wherein said vent comprises a vent opening in said annular insulating disc which is closed by a seal plug made of a low melting point sealant and which is expelled from said vent opening upon the build-up of a predetermined high internal gas pressure or temperature inside said cell.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/537,594 US3940287A (en) | 1974-12-30 | 1974-12-30 | Primary dry cell with gas-venting passageway around the cathode mix |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1047101A true CA1047101A (en) | 1979-01-23 |
Family
ID=24143302
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA242,324A Expired CA1047101A (en) | 1974-12-30 | 1975-12-18 | Primary dry cell with gas-venting passageway around the cathode mix |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3940287A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1047101A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4961113B2 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2012-06-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | Secondary battery |
| KR101023880B1 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2011-03-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Secondary battery |
| CN116325329B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2025-08-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell, manufacturing method and manufacturing system thereof, battery and electricity utilization device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3877992A (en) * | 1973-08-01 | 1975-04-15 | Union Carbide Corp | Primary dry cell with fail-safe vent |
-
1974
- 1974-12-30 US US05/537,594 patent/US3940287A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-12-18 CA CA242,324A patent/CA1047101A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3940287A (en) | 1976-02-24 |
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