CA1042404A - Crushing plant - Google Patents
Crushing plantInfo
- Publication number
- CA1042404A CA1042404A CA203,770A CA203770A CA1042404A CA 1042404 A CA1042404 A CA 1042404A CA 203770 A CA203770 A CA 203770A CA 1042404 A CA1042404 A CA 1042404A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- screen
- crushing
- conveyor
- plant
- elevator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013070 direct material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 33
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000228957 Ferula foetida Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000973252 Diagramma Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000353097 Molva molva Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbufos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSC(C)(C)C XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An elongated gravel crushing plant comprising portable lengthwise adjacent first and second reduction sections each having a material receiving and classifying unit at its rear and crushing means located forwardly of said unit. A delivery conveyor under the crushing means on each section extends forwardly and upwardly therefrom. The conveyor on the first section feeds crushed materials into the material receiving and classifying unit on the second section, and the delivery conveyor on the second section discharges the final product of the two sections at a high level discharge zone at the front of the plant. Crushed materials of different size classifications can be withdrawn from the plant at a multiplicity of stations thereon rearwardly of the final product discharge zone.
An elongated gravel crushing plant comprising portable lengthwise adjacent first and second reduction sections each having a material receiving and classifying unit at its rear and crushing means located forwardly of said unit. A delivery conveyor under the crushing means on each section extends forwardly and upwardly therefrom. The conveyor on the first section feeds crushed materials into the material receiving and classifying unit on the second section, and the delivery conveyor on the second section discharges the final product of the two sections at a high level discharge zone at the front of the plant. Crushed materials of different size classifications can be withdrawn from the plant at a multiplicity of stations thereon rearwardly of the final product discharge zone.
Description
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This inven-tion relates to crushing apparatus and has more particular reference to plan-ts for crushing or processing gravel.
One of the shortcomings of gravel crushing plants in use in the past is that their output was mainly limited to gravel of only a very small number of product sizes. In most cases all that they were able to produce was the finish or specification size product, along with the so-called Eines (sand and dust) which were separated from the ma-terial being processed and frequently discarded.
With that objection in mind, it is the main purpose of this invention to provide a gravel crushing plant capable of yielding products of many different sizes at a corresponding number of delivery stations along the length of the plant during opera-tion thereof.
More specifically~ it is an object of this invention to provide a gravel crushing plant featuring greater numbers of reduction and classification stages than were customary in the past, and by which the production and withdrawal of product of many ~;~
different size gradations is made possible while the plant is in operation.
Another purpose of this invention resides in the provision of a gravel crushing plant which can be comprised of a pair of lengthwise adjacent first and second reduction sections, each of which is mounted on its own chassis for the sake of portability.
In general, however, it is an object of the invention to provide crushing apparatus of the character described wherein one plant will yield crushed materials of a large number of different product sizes without any need for adjustment of its crushing com-ponents or replacement of its screening elements.
With these observations and objectives in mind, themanner in which t~e invention achieves its purpose will be appre-ciated from the following description and the accompanying drawings, -4(~4 ~hich exemplify the invention, it being understood that changes may be made in the specific apparatus disclosed herewith without departing from the essentials of the inve~tion set forth in the appended claims.
In accordance with the invention in one aspect there is provided an elongated crushing plant having crushing means and comprising: vibratory screen means rearwardly of the crushing means, for receiving input material to be processed, said screen means ~eing adapted to vibrationally advance carryover material thereon forwardly.toward the crushing means; material transport-ing means comprising said scrPen means, for conducting such carry-over material to the crushing means, a screen member beneath the crushing means to receive crushed material issuing therefrom, said screen member being adapted to pass material of final product size and to direct oversize material remaining thereon toward the rear of said screen member; a main product delivery conveyor having a portion beneath said screen member to receive final product 6i7.e material passed therethrough, said delivery conveyor `:~
extending upwardly and forwardly beyond said screen member; and
This inven-tion relates to crushing apparatus and has more particular reference to plan-ts for crushing or processing gravel.
One of the shortcomings of gravel crushing plants in use in the past is that their output was mainly limited to gravel of only a very small number of product sizes. In most cases all that they were able to produce was the finish or specification size product, along with the so-called Eines (sand and dust) which were separated from the ma-terial being processed and frequently discarded.
With that objection in mind, it is the main purpose of this invention to provide a gravel crushing plant capable of yielding products of many different sizes at a corresponding number of delivery stations along the length of the plant during opera-tion thereof.
More specifically~ it is an object of this invention to provide a gravel crushing plant featuring greater numbers of reduction and classification stages than were customary in the past, and by which the production and withdrawal of product of many ~;~
different size gradations is made possible while the plant is in operation.
Another purpose of this invention resides in the provision of a gravel crushing plant which can be comprised of a pair of lengthwise adjacent first and second reduction sections, each of which is mounted on its own chassis for the sake of portability.
In general, however, it is an object of the invention to provide crushing apparatus of the character described wherein one plant will yield crushed materials of a large number of different product sizes without any need for adjustment of its crushing com-ponents or replacement of its screening elements.
With these observations and objectives in mind, themanner in which t~e invention achieves its purpose will be appre-ciated from the following description and the accompanying drawings, -4(~4 ~hich exemplify the invention, it being understood that changes may be made in the specific apparatus disclosed herewith without departing from the essentials of the inve~tion set forth in the appended claims.
In accordance with the invention in one aspect there is provided an elongated crushing plant having crushing means and comprising: vibratory screen means rearwardly of the crushing means, for receiving input material to be processed, said screen means ~eing adapted to vibrationally advance carryover material thereon forwardly.toward the crushing means; material transport-ing means comprising said scrPen means, for conducting such carry-over material to the crushing means, a screen member beneath the crushing means to receive crushed material issuing therefrom, said screen member being adapted to pass material of final product size and to direct oversize material remaining thereon toward the rear of said screen member; a main product delivery conveyor having a portion beneath said screen member to receive final product 6i7.e material passed therethrough, said delivery conveyor `:~
extending upwardly and forwardly beyond said screen member; and
2~ an elevator having a low level zone at which said oversize material is received from said screen member, adapted to carry such material to a higher elevation and to discharge the same onto said material transporting means, so as to thereby effect recirculation back to the crushing means of larger than final product size material issuing therefrom.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention there is provided am elongated crushing plant, comprising the com-bination of: an elevator to receive material at a low level zone and to discharge said material at a higher level zone, cru~hln~
means mounted on the plant forwardly adjacent to the elevator; a feed conveyor to conduct into the crushing means material dis- :
charged by the elevator; a main product delivery conveyor extend-ing upwardly and forwardly under the crushing mean~ and havi~g ~ -3-: . . ..
- , , , . . ~
10~ 4 its rear portion adjacent to said elevator; a 6creen m~mber inter-posed between the delivery conveyor and the underside of the crushing mean~ to pass material of finish 6ize to the delivery conveyor and to direct materials of larger size rearwardly to said lo~? level zone of the elevator, a m~terial receiving unit rearwardly adjacent to the elevator having means including a vi-bratory screen deck to advance materials of larger than finish size forwardly onto said feed conveyor, and conducting means b~neath said scre~n deck to receive materials of finish size passed therethrough and to conduct the same to the main product delivery conveyor.
The accompanying drawings illustrate complete examples of ~everal embodiments of the invention constructed accord-ing to the best modes 60 far dev~sed for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which: !
Figure 1 i~ a ~ide elevation of a cru~hing plant constructed in accordance with this invention;
Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged more or less diagram- l matic views 9 in longitudinal ~ection~ of the rear and front reduc- j tion ~ections, respectively, comprising the plant seen in ~igure 1;
Figure 4 ~ a more or less diagramma*ic plan view of the plant seen ~n Figure l;
Figure 5 i8 a cross sectional view taken through the hopper under the receiving unit of the rear section, on the plane of the line 5-5 in F~gure 2;
F~gure 6 is a view ~imilar to F~gure 3, but showing a front reduction ~ection of sl~ghtly modi~ied form;
Figure 7 i~ a view ~imilar to Figure ~ but ~howing a further modification of the invention;
Figure 8 i8 a cross sectional view taken on the line 8- a of Figure 7;
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Figure 9 i8 a view on the order of Figure 3, ~ut illustrating another modificatlon of the invention; and Figure~ 10 and 11 are side elevational view~ of modified embodiments of the invention.
Re~Prring now more particularly to ths accompanying drawings, the numeral 10 generally de~ignate~ a cru~hing plant shown as compr~sing cooperating elongated rear and front cru~hi~g or reducing 8ection8 11 and 12, respectively; although al~ o~ the com-ponents of the plant could as well be mounted on a single frame 6tructure. Ina~much as thc material ~o be proces~ed ordinarily -3b-. . .
.. . . .
,~" ~ - ' .'' , ' , , : , .. .. .. . . . . . .
passes serially -through the rear and Eront reducing sections, -they will be hereinaf-ter referred -to as the firs-t and second sec-tions 11 and 12, for convenience in describing the same.
As seen, the first and second sections 11 and 12 are aligned lengthwise and are provided with their own supporting structures 13 and 14, respectively. Each supporting s-tructure is equipped with sets of fron-t and rear wheels 15 and 16, respectively, to render the sections easily portable. Inasmuch as the second section 12 is somewhat longer than the rear section, it is provided with an intermediate set of supporting wheels 17.
In general, the plant may be said to comprise crushing devices 18 and 19 located at rear and front reducing stations, respectively, and each driven by a prime mover 24 forwardly adjacent thereto; material receiving and classifying units 20 and 21 mounted on the plant behind the crushing devices 18 and 19 respectively;
and rear and front conveyor means 22 and 23, respectively, of the endless belt type.
The conveyor means 22 on the first reduction section ` has its rear portion adjacent to the front of the receiving unit 20, and it extends upwardly and forwardly under the rear crushing device 18, to have its delivery end portion above and in feeding relation to the receiving and classifying unit 21 on the second reduction section 12. The conveyor means 23 on the second section 12 can be considered as a main product delivery conveyor which carries the main product to a high level discharge zone at the front of the plan-t. It extends under the front crushing device 19 to receive crushed materials of finish size therefrom, and its rear end portion is located at a low level beneath the front of the material and classifying unit 21 on the second section 12.
An elevator 25, here shown as of the rotary type, is mounted on the second section directly ahead of the receiving unit 21 thereon for rotation on a horizontal axis leng*hwise of the plant. In that location, the elevator is disposed between the crushing device 19 and the material receiving and classifying unit , ~ .
,. .:, :: . . . ,---~ iO~240~L
21, but closer to -the la-tter.
One of the features of the crushing plant of this invention resides in the fact tha-t its rear crushing device 18 is provided with two reducing s-tages. This is to say -that it comprises a primary crusher 27 and a secondary crusher 28. If desired, the crushing device 18 can be of the twin dual roll -type, as illus-trated, and its crushers are arranged laterally adjacent to one another.
However, other types of crushers having primary and secondary stages would also suffice.
According to this inven-tion, the rear conveyor means 22 is comprised of a pair of laterally adjacent belt conveyors 30 ~ -and 31. The conveyor 30 is positioned to receive only crushed material discharging from the primary crusher 27; while provision is made for its companion conveyor 31 to receive the crushed material issuing from the secondary crusher 28 and to also receive some of the material discharging from the rear material receiving and classifying unit 20.
For that reason, the tail roll 32 of the belt conveyor 31 is located closely adjacent to the front of the material receiving and classifying unit 20, and a distance therebelow. The head roll 33 of the conveyor 31, however, is located a distance rearwardly of the head roll 34 of the adjacent conveyor 30, for a purpose to be later discussed. Similarly, the tail roll 35 of the conveyor 30 is located a distance forwardly of the tail roll 32 of the con-veyor 31,-bu-t rearwardly of the primary crusher 27.
The material receiving and classifying unit 20 com-prises a vibratory device 36 on the order of that illustrated in the Quinn Canadian Patent No. 688,077, granted June 2, 1964, having superimposed upper and lower screen decks 37 and 38, respectively, and a hopper 39 mounted on the rear of the supporting structure 13, directly under the unit 20, to receive material that passes through both screen decks 37 and 38 -thereof.
The upper screen deck 37 has the coarser me~h, and it , ~ .. ... .. -- .
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is adapted to vibrationally advance scalped or carryover material thereon forwardly to a discharge zone at the front of the unit 20, where the material discharges into a chute 40. The chute 40 directs such ma-terial forward and laterally -toward one side of the plant, into the inlet of the primary stage 27 of the crushing device 18.
The lower screen deck 38 has smaller mesh, and it is also adapted -to vibrationally advance scalped or carryover.~naterial thereon forwardly to a discharge zone at the front of the unit 20.
In this case, however, such material discharges from the screen deck 38 into a chute 41. The chute 41 normally directs the material forwardly and laterally toward the opposite side of the plan-t, and into the inlet of the secondary crusher 28 of the rear crushing device 18.
The chute 41 has a movable bottom portion 42 upon which materials fall as they are discharged from the forward end of the lower screen deck 38. This movable bottom portion 42 can comprise a gate which is mounted on the chute 41 for up and down swinging motion about a transverse horizontal pivot 43 spaced from the front of the unit 20. The gate can be held in a first position at which it extends rearwardly from the pivot 43, substantially in coplanar relationship with the bottom of the chute 41, to direct carryover materials from the screen deck 38 into the chute 41.
The gate can be swung in the clockwise direction out of its solid line position seen in Figure 2, to an upright second position seen in broken lines, to divert material discharging from screen 38 downwardly into a vertically disposed delivery chute 48 which opens laterally toward one side of the plant to a product delivery zone thereat. The coarsest ones of the several products ~ :
produced by the plant can be collected at this zone in this last described position of the gate 42.
A second gate 50 mounted in the delivery chute 48 can be swung about a transverse pivot 51 at *he rear side of said chute from a vertical position seen in construction lines to a ~(~424~)4 forwardly tilted posi-tion illustrated in solid lines to divert material entering the delivery chu-te IL8 into another chute 53. The chute 53 opens downwardly and rearwardly in-to still another chute 54 through which material can flow onto the rear portion of the con-veyor 31 that runs under the secondary crusher 28.
; I-t will be appreciated that the ga-te 50 can be dis-posed in any of a number of positions intermediate -those described to allow selected parts of the material en-tering the chute 48 to pass simultaneously through both chutes 48 and 53, in wha-tever proportions are desired.
The hopper 39 under the vibrating screen unit 20 is open at i-ts top to receive ma-terials passing through the screen decks 37 and 38. Its bottom~ however, is defined by the upper stretch 56 of an endless belt conveyor 57 which extends fore and aft of the first reduction section 11. The conveyor 57 is driven .
by any suitable means, but in a direction such that its upper .`
stretch travels in the forward direction so as to discharge material thereon into the chute 54. Hence, so-called fines and any final size material which passes through the mesh of both screen decks 37 : ~ `
20 and 38 can be deposited on the upper stretch 56 of the conveyor and discharged onto the delivery conveyor 31 which runs under the secondary crusher 28, to be conducted thereby to the receiving unit 21 of the second reduction stage 12.
l Alternatively, all or any part of the fines and final . product material passing through the two screen decks 37 and 38 can -~ be conducted to another product delivery zone at the rear of the . ~
.- plant. For this purpose, an endless belt conveyor 59 is mounted , in the interior of the hopper 39, above the conveyor 57. The upper conveyor 59 is narrower than the lower conveyor 57, and its opposite sides are spaced from the opposite side walls 60 of -the hopper so that material can bypass it and fall onto the lower conveyor ~see Figure 5).
While the lower conveyor- 57 is always driven so that 1 its upper stretch travels forwardly~ the upper conveyor is always . - 7 -10~
driven so that its upper stretch travels rearwardly, -to discharge materials thereon at the back of -the firs-t reduction section 11.
~ gain referring to Figure 5, it will be seen -tha-t all of the material passlng downwardly through -the screen decks 37 and 38 of the receiving unit 20 will bypass the upper conveyor 59 at times when upright gates 61 mounted on fixed pivo-ts 62 at opposite sides of the upper conveyor are in their solid line upwardly convergent positions shown. In that position, the gates form what can be termed a steeply sloped roof over the upper conveyor 59, to deflect all -the -~ 10 materials descending toward its upper s-tretch outwardly and down- -wardly past the opposite sides of the conveyor. The opposite side walls 60 of the hopper are slanted inwardly so as to direc-t such materials onto the upper stretch of -the lower conveyor 566 If the gates 61 are swung outwardly away from one another to their broken line positions seen in Figure 5, at which their upper edges rest against the side walls 60 of tne hopper, all of the material passing through the mesh of the two screen decks 37 and 38 will be directed onto the upper conveyor 59.
It is a feature of this invention, however~ that a plurality of longitudinally adjacent gates 61 are provided at each side of the conveyor 59. Accordingly, all of the gates can be dis-posed in either of the two positions described; or one pair of opposite gates can be in their solid line positions, for example, and others in their broken line positions. This enables any selected -~
-~ part of the material passing through the mesh of both screen decks 37 and 38 to be deposited on the upper conveyor 59, and the remainder to be deposited on the lower conveyor 56.
Thus, for example, if the mesh of the rear one-half of the lower screen deck 38 is made smaller than that of its front half, fines and dust can pass through it and the spread apart rear gates 61 to drop onto the upper conveyor 59 and be discharged to the rear of the plant, while somewhat coarser materials, including those of final product size, can be made to bypass the upper conveyor and ; - 8 ~0424~4 be deflected by gates 61 in their upwardly convergent position onto the lower conveyor 56 for discharge onto the delivery conveyor 31 under the secondary crusher 28.
In -this way, separa-tion of the fines and final size materials can be effected at the input station containing the receiving unit 20, to thus minimize the handling of the material by the various components of the apparatus.
It is also a feature of this invention -that the gates ~
61 can be held in any of a number of positions intermediate their ;
-two extreme portions described, by means of latch type handles 63 which project outwardly therefrom through slits in the side walls 60 of the hopper. Teeth 63' on these handles can engage the bot-tom edges of the slits through which the handles project to latch the gates in the desired positions of adjustment.
The two side by side conveyors 30 and 31 carry materials discharged thereonto upwardly and forwardly -to separate -discharge zones adjacent to the upper rear portion of the material receiving and classifying unit 21 on the second reduction unit 12.
The forward material receiving and classifying unit 21 is similar to the rear unit 20 in that it also comprises a vibratory screen device 65 mounted at an upper level on the rear of the supporting structure 14, and conta;ins upper and lower screen dec]cs 67 and 68, respectively.
Again in this case, the mesh of the upper deck screen is coarser than that of the lower deck screen.
As stated earlier~ the conveyor 30 receives crushed material from the primary stage of the crushing device 18 and ex-tends a distance forwardly beyond its laterally adjacent companion , conveyor 31. The purpose of this is -to position the head roll 34 of the conveyor 30 over the top rear portion of the material receiv-ing and classifying unit 21, so that material discharging from said conveyor will fall onto the upper screen deck 67.
The head roll 33 of the companion conveyor 31 termin-ates short of the rear of the material receiving and classifying _ 9 _ :- -. :, . . .
~O~Z411)~
unit 21 and discharges material into a chute 70 on the back of said unit arranged to debouch onto the lower screen deck 68. Hence, the upper screen deck 67 receives the coarser crushed material from the output of the primary st~ge of the crushing device 18, while the lower screen deck 68 receives somewhat finer material from the secondary stage o~ said crushing device, along with any other material fed onto the rear end portion of the conveyor 31 from the rear material receiving and classifying unit 20.
During operation, vibration of the upper and lower 1~ screen decks 67 and 68 is relied upon to carry scalped material thereon forwardly to discharge zones at the front of the unit 21;
while materials fine enough to be classified as main product passes through the mesh of both screen decks to fall into a hopper-like structure 72 mounted on the supporting structure 14 under -the unit 21. The material thus received in the hopper-like structure 72 drops onto the upper stretch 73 of an endless belt conveyor 74 mounted on the supporting framework 14 at the open bottom of the hopper-like structure.
The conveyor 74 can be driven in either direction, as by a reversible motor, so that materials on its upper stretch can be carried to and discharged from either the front or the rear end of the material receiving and classifying unit 21. When the conveyor is driven in a direction such that its upper stretch travels in the forward direction, the materials thereon will be discharged into a chute 75 oriented to direct the materials onto the rear end portion of the main product delivery conveyor 23 mentioned earlier. How-ever, when the conveyor 74 is driven in the reverse direction, the materials on its upper stretch will be discharged rearwardly into a trough 76 or other delivery means by which they can be conducted laterally to a product collecting zone at one side of the plant.
The coarser crushed material which fails to pass through the mesh of the upper screen deck 67 is vibrationally ad-vanced thereby to a chute 77, which directs the material into a receiver 78 carried by the supporting framework of an endless belt 4~g conveyor 80. This conveyor ex-tends upwardly and forwardly from its tail roll 81, which is located inside the ro-tary elevator 25 and sub-stantially on its axis of rotation. Its head roll 82 is located up-wardly adjacent to the inle-t of the secondary crushing device 19, so that materials fed in-to the receiver 78 will be carried upwardly and forwardly on the top stretch of the conveyor 80 and discharged into the secondary crushing device 19 for further reduction. The second-ary crushing device 19 can be of any suitable -type, bu-tis here illustrated as being of the roll type.
It is significant to note that the transfer of materials from the chute 77 to the receiver 78 on the rear of the feed conveyor for the secondary crushing device 19 takes place in the interior of the rotary elevator 25. Hence, any materials which are fed into the elevator at a low level inlet zone thereof are carried upwardly -thereby to a high level discharge zone to be also loaded into the receiver 78 and fed into the secondary crushing device for further reduction, along with the materials transferred to the conveyor from the upper screen deck 67.
Crushed material issuing from the secondary crushing device 19 drops downwardly onto the single screen deck 84 of a vibratory screen unit 85. The mesh of the screen deck 84 is such as to pass all materials of final product size, and to vibrationally carry all materials which fail to pass therethrough rearwardly toward and into the inlet zone of the elevator wheel 25. In this way, materials of greater than the desired main product size are recirculated -through the secondary crushing device to assure reduc- -tion to the proper size; while materials of final product size pass-ing through the screen deck 84 drop on-to the main produc-t delivery conveyor 23 for a discharge from a high level delivery zone at the front of the plant.
If desired, some of the stone chips that pass through the screen 84 can be intercepted by a short length of screen 84' in the forward portion of the vibratory unit 85, under the discharge of the secondary crushing device 19. Like the screen 84 above it, the ~2~
screen 84' also slopes downwardly and rearwardly, and i-t is arranged to discharge through opposite holes 86 in the sides of -the vibra-tory unit 85. These holes lead into -the two branches of a bifurcated delivery chute 87 which embraces the conveyor 23 and discharges downwardly onto a conveyor or the li}ce tha-t conducts the chips to some location at one side of the machine.
Some or all of the materials which fail to pass through the mesh of the lower screen deck 68 on the receiving and classifying unit 21 can be discharged from the forward end of said deck into the low level inlet zone of the elevator wheel 25 through what can be termed the center chute 88 of a triple branched chute structure generally designated 89. Such materials will be elevated by the wheel 25 and discharged onto -the feed conveyor 80 for the secondary crushing device 19, to undergo further reduction therein.
The triple branched chu-te structure 89 also comprises front and rear chutes 91 and 92, respectively, which are oriented to discharge materials passing therethrough laterally to delivery zones at the side of the plant; and valve-like upper and lower gates 93 and 94, respectively. The transfer of carryover materials on the lower screen deck 68 to the elevator wheel 25 via the center chute 88 requires the gate 94 to be placed in its left hand position shown, closing off the entrance to the chute 92. The position of gate 93 is not important at this time and it can occupy its downwardly extend-ing position seen.
When the lower gate 94 is moved to its righthand position indicated by construction lines, it closes off the entrance to the chute 88 and directs to the rear chute 92 all of the carry-over material discharging over the forward end of the lower screen deck 68. The gate 94, of course, can also be placed in any of a number of intermediate positions if only selected fractions of -the carryover material discharging from the lower screen deck are to be directed through the chute 92 to a product collecting zone at one side of the plant.
The upper gate 93 is only placed in a substantially : . .
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horizontal positi~n when an imperforate plate 95, such as seen in Figure 6, is moun~ed in the material receiving and classifying unit 21 at a level between those of the screen decks 67 and 68. In that position, the plate 95 will intercept all of the ma-terial passing through the mesh of the upper screen deck 67, and it will vibration-ally advance the same to a discharge zone at the front edge of the plate, where such material can travel across the gate 93 and into the front chute 91 for discharge to product collecting means at one side of the plant.
In the Figure 6 embodiment of the invention, both screens 67 and 68 can have the same size mesh, in which case, the carryover material on both will be fed into the secondary crushing - device 19 via the conveyor 80. The carryover material from the lower -screen 68, of course, reaches the conveyor 80 via the elevator wheel 25. The advantage of the arrangement seen in Figure 6 is that the screens 67 and 68 afford the sa~e screening capacity (in terms of length) as could only be obtained in a receiving unit 21 twice the length of that shown.
According to that embodiment of the invention seen in Figure 7, the crushing device on the second reduction section 12 can also have primary and secondary stages such as are provided in a triple roll crusher 97. The triple roll crusher has coarse first and fine second stage crushing rolls 98 and 99 respectively, coop~
erating with a common c -~shing roll 100.
The first and second stage crushers 98 and 99 are fed materials to be crushed by means of separate upper and lower con- -veyors 102 and 103, respectively. The rear portions of these con-veyors diverge and extend into the elevator wheel 25 to be located ! near opposite sides of the wheel, as seen in Figure 8. It is poss~
ible, of course, to eliminate the upper conveyor 102 if the first and second stage crushers are reversed and fed en-tirely from the conveyor 103.
The wheel is rota*ed in the coun-ter,clockw~ise di~rection ,.
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as indicated by the arrow in Figure 8, so -that materials elevated thereby will discharge onto the rear portion of the lower conveyor : 103 and be carried upwardly and forwardly thereby in-to the bite of -the second stage rolls 99 and 100. The ma-terials thus deposited on the lower conveyor are those which are fed into the low level charging zone of the eleva-tor wheel from the lower screen deck 168 of the material receiving unit 121 on the rear of the second reducing section 12. The carryover materials discharging over the forward end of the screen deck 168 are direc-ted in-to -the elevator wheel by means of a chute 105. If desired, the chute 105 can be arranged to discharge directly onto the rear of the lower conveyor 103.
Carryover materials on the upper deck screen 167 discharging over the forward end of the latter are directed onto the rear portion of the upper conveyor 102 by means of a chute 106.
This chute is angled toward that side of -the elevator wheel con-taining the rear of the conveyor 102.
The conveyor 102 extends upwardly over the top roll 99 of the triple roll crusher and discharges into a hopper~like structure 108 that directs the material into the bite of the first stage rolls 98 and 100. All of the crushed material issuing from the triple roll crusher falls onto the screen 84 of a vibratory screen unit 85 like -that seen in the Figure 3 embodiment of the invention; and the final product will pass through the screen 84 onto the delivery conveyor means while carryover material larger than the desired main product size will be vibrationally conducted back into the elevator wheel for recirculation through the second stage crushing rolls 99, 100.
By proper selection of screen mesh in the receiving and classifying units 20 and 21, it will be seen that crushed products of different size graduations can be discharged from the plant at delivery stations located at various poin-ts along the length of the plant. Thus, the finest and the coarsest materials can be discharged a-t stations at the rear and the front, respectively, 1~4~
of t~e ma-terial receiving and classifying uni-t on the rear reducing sec-tion 11. The finest of sand ma-terials can be collected a-t the rear of the conveyor 59 while -the coarsest materials are those which are caused to discharge la-terally from -the chute 48.
Five more product delivery stations are located at various points on the forward reducing section 12; one at the trough 76 behind the conveyor 74; a second at -the discharge end of the chute 92; a third at the discharge end of the chute 91; a ~our-th at the ~ chip spout 87; and the fifth at the forward end of the main product - 10 conveyor 23.
If the fines consisting of sand, dust and the like are to be rejected, a fine mesh screen section is installed in the rear portion of the lower screen deck 38 on the receiving unit 20, and the gates 62 therebeneath are opened to direct the fines in-to the upper conveyor 59 for discharge at the rear of the -plant.
Otherwise, all of the material being processed can be passed through the plant to be discharged from the upper end of the main product conveyor 23; or any part thereof can be gathered at one or more of the delivery stations mentioned above.
That embodiment of the invention seen in Figure 9 illustrates the versatility of the apparatus, especially the receiv-ing and classifying units thereof which can be used with crushers ` other than those described thus far. For example, a receiving and classifying unit 21 such as seen in Figure 6 can feed any of a number of different secondary crushing devices, one of which as indicated at 190, can comprise a compact unit located partly in the interior of the elevator wheel 25.
In this case, carryover material on the upper deck screen 67 will be conducted to a chute 115 at its forward end. The chute 115 extends into the interior of the elevator wheel 25 and ~ ~' -~ discharges into the inlet of the crushing device 190, here illus-trated as a conventional roll crusher driven by the forward engine 2L~.
Also, -the vibratory screen unit 85 is located beneath a belt conveyor 117 between it and the underside of the roll crusher ,. .
, - 15 -. ., ,- , ... ~ ~ .
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190. The conveyor 117 carries crushed materials issuing from the roll crusher upwardly and forwardly, and discharges the same onto the forward end portion of the screen 84 in -the screen uni-t 85. As before, carryover materials on the screen 84 are brought back into the elevator to be recirculated through -the crusher 190; materials of final product size, of course, pass -through -the screen 84 and drop onto the delivery conveyor 23.
Figures 10 and 11 illu~trate embodimen-ts of the inven-tion which feature significant savings in plant costs as a result of substantial reductions in the size and proportions of certain of the components of the apparatus.
For example, Figure 10 shows how the first and second reduction sections of a crushing plant like -that of Figure 1 can be operatively disposed in exceptionally close end to end relationship.
This is made possible primarily by providing the front reduction section 12' with a substantially squat material receiving and class-ifying unit 21' to thereby allow the rear conveyor means 22~ which feeds material thereinto to be significantly shortened.
The material receiving and classifying unit 21' is of ; 20 the vibratory type, as before, and it is provided with spaced top and bottom decks 120 and 121, respectively, and an intermediate deck 122. It projects such a slight distance above the supporting frame-work 14 of the front reduction section 12 that its top deck 120, which is a screen is at a level well below the axis of rota-tion of ~, the rotary elevator 25 ahead of it. The intermediate deck 122 is also a screen, and i-t is located at a level beneath the top of the supporting framework 14. The bottom deck 121 in this case comprises a carrying pan which is located below the level of the supporting framework 14 and is inclined downwardly and forwardly, toward the rear of the delivery conveyor 23. With this arrangement~ materials that pass through the screens 120 and 122 are received on the pan 121 and are vibrationally carried forwardly thereby to be discharged onto the delivery conveyor 23.
; - 16 -~...... . . .. .. .
., .
. , , . ~ , . .::
The top screen deck 120 discharges carryover material vibrationally advanced in the forward direction thereby into the elevator 25, and a chute 124 facilitates transfer of such materials into the elevator. A chute 125 at the front end of the lower screen 122 also facili-tates discharge into -the elevator of carryover material vibrationally advanced in -the forward direction by the screen 122.
The reminder of the front reduction section of Figure ;
10 is substantially the same as that described in connection with -the Figure 1 embodiment of the invention. It should be noted, however, that wherever desired, the front reduction section of Figure 10 can be optionally provided with the chip intercepting screen 84' and discharge chute 87 for the intercepted chips, as in the Figure 3 embodiment of the invention. Another optional feature that can be ` incorporated in the front reduction section 12' resides in the pro-vision of a sand reject chute 127 under a hole in the carrying pan 121 near its forward end, to receive sand and pulverulent materials which are not desired in the final product. A short screen 129 is ~ preferably disposed under the lower screen deck 122 and over the - 20 entrance to the chute 127 in this case. The screen 129 intercepts crushed materials of final product size that pass through the forward portion of the screen 122 and vibrationally advances such inter-cepted materials in the forward direction for discharge onto that portion of the carrying pan 121 which is forwardly of the sand re~
ject chute 127 and the entrance thereto.
,' A chute structure on the order of that seen in Figure ,
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention there is provided am elongated crushing plant, comprising the com-bination of: an elevator to receive material at a low level zone and to discharge said material at a higher level zone, cru~hln~
means mounted on the plant forwardly adjacent to the elevator; a feed conveyor to conduct into the crushing means material dis- :
charged by the elevator; a main product delivery conveyor extend-ing upwardly and forwardly under the crushing mean~ and havi~g ~ -3-: . . ..
- , , , . . ~
10~ 4 its rear portion adjacent to said elevator; a 6creen m~mber inter-posed between the delivery conveyor and the underside of the crushing mean~ to pass material of finish 6ize to the delivery conveyor and to direct materials of larger size rearwardly to said lo~? level zone of the elevator, a m~terial receiving unit rearwardly adjacent to the elevator having means including a vi-bratory screen deck to advance materials of larger than finish size forwardly onto said feed conveyor, and conducting means b~neath said scre~n deck to receive materials of finish size passed therethrough and to conduct the same to the main product delivery conveyor.
The accompanying drawings illustrate complete examples of ~everal embodiments of the invention constructed accord-ing to the best modes 60 far dev~sed for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which: !
Figure 1 i~ a ~ide elevation of a cru~hing plant constructed in accordance with this invention;
Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged more or less diagram- l matic views 9 in longitudinal ~ection~ of the rear and front reduc- j tion ~ections, respectively, comprising the plant seen in ~igure 1;
Figure 4 ~ a more or less diagramma*ic plan view of the plant seen ~n Figure l;
Figure 5 i8 a cross sectional view taken through the hopper under the receiving unit of the rear section, on the plane of the line 5-5 in F~gure 2;
F~gure 6 is a view ~imilar to F~gure 3, but showing a front reduction ~ection of sl~ghtly modi~ied form;
Figure 7 i~ a view ~imilar to Figure ~ but ~howing a further modification of the invention;
Figure 8 i8 a cross sectional view taken on the line 8- a of Figure 7;
~ -3a-.
240~L
Figure 9 i8 a view on the order of Figure 3, ~ut illustrating another modificatlon of the invention; and Figure~ 10 and 11 are side elevational view~ of modified embodiments of the invention.
Re~Prring now more particularly to ths accompanying drawings, the numeral 10 generally de~ignate~ a cru~hing plant shown as compr~sing cooperating elongated rear and front cru~hi~g or reducing 8ection8 11 and 12, respectively; although al~ o~ the com-ponents of the plant could as well be mounted on a single frame 6tructure. Ina~much as thc material ~o be proces~ed ordinarily -3b-. . .
.. . . .
,~" ~ - ' .'' , ' , , : , .. .. .. . . . . . .
passes serially -through the rear and Eront reducing sections, -they will be hereinaf-ter referred -to as the firs-t and second sec-tions 11 and 12, for convenience in describing the same.
As seen, the first and second sections 11 and 12 are aligned lengthwise and are provided with their own supporting structures 13 and 14, respectively. Each supporting s-tructure is equipped with sets of fron-t and rear wheels 15 and 16, respectively, to render the sections easily portable. Inasmuch as the second section 12 is somewhat longer than the rear section, it is provided with an intermediate set of supporting wheels 17.
In general, the plant may be said to comprise crushing devices 18 and 19 located at rear and front reducing stations, respectively, and each driven by a prime mover 24 forwardly adjacent thereto; material receiving and classifying units 20 and 21 mounted on the plant behind the crushing devices 18 and 19 respectively;
and rear and front conveyor means 22 and 23, respectively, of the endless belt type.
The conveyor means 22 on the first reduction section ` has its rear portion adjacent to the front of the receiving unit 20, and it extends upwardly and forwardly under the rear crushing device 18, to have its delivery end portion above and in feeding relation to the receiving and classifying unit 21 on the second reduction section 12. The conveyor means 23 on the second section 12 can be considered as a main product delivery conveyor which carries the main product to a high level discharge zone at the front of the plan-t. It extends under the front crushing device 19 to receive crushed materials of finish size therefrom, and its rear end portion is located at a low level beneath the front of the material and classifying unit 21 on the second section 12.
An elevator 25, here shown as of the rotary type, is mounted on the second section directly ahead of the receiving unit 21 thereon for rotation on a horizontal axis leng*hwise of the plant. In that location, the elevator is disposed between the crushing device 19 and the material receiving and classifying unit , ~ .
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21, but closer to -the la-tter.
One of the features of the crushing plant of this invention resides in the fact tha-t its rear crushing device 18 is provided with two reducing s-tages. This is to say -that it comprises a primary crusher 27 and a secondary crusher 28. If desired, the crushing device 18 can be of the twin dual roll -type, as illus-trated, and its crushers are arranged laterally adjacent to one another.
However, other types of crushers having primary and secondary stages would also suffice.
According to this inven-tion, the rear conveyor means 22 is comprised of a pair of laterally adjacent belt conveyors 30 ~ -and 31. The conveyor 30 is positioned to receive only crushed material discharging from the primary crusher 27; while provision is made for its companion conveyor 31 to receive the crushed material issuing from the secondary crusher 28 and to also receive some of the material discharging from the rear material receiving and classifying unit 20.
For that reason, the tail roll 32 of the belt conveyor 31 is located closely adjacent to the front of the material receiving and classifying unit 20, and a distance therebelow. The head roll 33 of the conveyor 31, however, is located a distance rearwardly of the head roll 34 of the adjacent conveyor 30, for a purpose to be later discussed. Similarly, the tail roll 35 of the conveyor 30 is located a distance forwardly of the tail roll 32 of the con-veyor 31,-bu-t rearwardly of the primary crusher 27.
The material receiving and classifying unit 20 com-prises a vibratory device 36 on the order of that illustrated in the Quinn Canadian Patent No. 688,077, granted June 2, 1964, having superimposed upper and lower screen decks 37 and 38, respectively, and a hopper 39 mounted on the rear of the supporting structure 13, directly under the unit 20, to receive material that passes through both screen decks 37 and 38 -thereof.
The upper screen deck 37 has the coarser me~h, and it , ~ .. ... .. -- .
- ~o~z~
is adapted to vibrationally advance scalped or carryover material thereon forwardly to a discharge zone at the front of the unit 20, where the material discharges into a chute 40. The chute 40 directs such ma-terial forward and laterally -toward one side of the plant, into the inlet of the primary stage 27 of the crushing device 18.
The lower screen deck 38 has smaller mesh, and it is also adapted -to vibrationally advance scalped or carryover.~naterial thereon forwardly to a discharge zone at the front of the unit 20.
In this case, however, such material discharges from the screen deck 38 into a chute 41. The chute 41 normally directs the material forwardly and laterally toward the opposite side of the plan-t, and into the inlet of the secondary crusher 28 of the rear crushing device 18.
The chute 41 has a movable bottom portion 42 upon which materials fall as they are discharged from the forward end of the lower screen deck 38. This movable bottom portion 42 can comprise a gate which is mounted on the chute 41 for up and down swinging motion about a transverse horizontal pivot 43 spaced from the front of the unit 20. The gate can be held in a first position at which it extends rearwardly from the pivot 43, substantially in coplanar relationship with the bottom of the chute 41, to direct carryover materials from the screen deck 38 into the chute 41.
The gate can be swung in the clockwise direction out of its solid line position seen in Figure 2, to an upright second position seen in broken lines, to divert material discharging from screen 38 downwardly into a vertically disposed delivery chute 48 which opens laterally toward one side of the plant to a product delivery zone thereat. The coarsest ones of the several products ~ :
produced by the plant can be collected at this zone in this last described position of the gate 42.
A second gate 50 mounted in the delivery chute 48 can be swung about a transverse pivot 51 at *he rear side of said chute from a vertical position seen in construction lines to a ~(~424~)4 forwardly tilted posi-tion illustrated in solid lines to divert material entering the delivery chu-te IL8 into another chute 53. The chute 53 opens downwardly and rearwardly in-to still another chute 54 through which material can flow onto the rear portion of the con-veyor 31 that runs under the secondary crusher 28.
; I-t will be appreciated that the ga-te 50 can be dis-posed in any of a number of positions intermediate -those described to allow selected parts of the material en-tering the chute 48 to pass simultaneously through both chutes 48 and 53, in wha-tever proportions are desired.
The hopper 39 under the vibrating screen unit 20 is open at i-ts top to receive ma-terials passing through the screen decks 37 and 38. Its bottom~ however, is defined by the upper stretch 56 of an endless belt conveyor 57 which extends fore and aft of the first reduction section 11. The conveyor 57 is driven .
by any suitable means, but in a direction such that its upper .`
stretch travels in the forward direction so as to discharge material thereon into the chute 54. Hence, so-called fines and any final size material which passes through the mesh of both screen decks 37 : ~ `
20 and 38 can be deposited on the upper stretch 56 of the conveyor and discharged onto the delivery conveyor 31 which runs under the secondary crusher 28, to be conducted thereby to the receiving unit 21 of the second reduction stage 12.
l Alternatively, all or any part of the fines and final . product material passing through the two screen decks 37 and 38 can -~ be conducted to another product delivery zone at the rear of the . ~
.- plant. For this purpose, an endless belt conveyor 59 is mounted , in the interior of the hopper 39, above the conveyor 57. The upper conveyor 59 is narrower than the lower conveyor 57, and its opposite sides are spaced from the opposite side walls 60 of -the hopper so that material can bypass it and fall onto the lower conveyor ~see Figure 5).
While the lower conveyor- 57 is always driven so that 1 its upper stretch travels forwardly~ the upper conveyor is always . - 7 -10~
driven so that its upper stretch travels rearwardly, -to discharge materials thereon at the back of -the firs-t reduction section 11.
~ gain referring to Figure 5, it will be seen -tha-t all of the material passlng downwardly through -the screen decks 37 and 38 of the receiving unit 20 will bypass the upper conveyor 59 at times when upright gates 61 mounted on fixed pivo-ts 62 at opposite sides of the upper conveyor are in their solid line upwardly convergent positions shown. In that position, the gates form what can be termed a steeply sloped roof over the upper conveyor 59, to deflect all -the -~ 10 materials descending toward its upper s-tretch outwardly and down- -wardly past the opposite sides of the conveyor. The opposite side walls 60 of the hopper are slanted inwardly so as to direc-t such materials onto the upper stretch of -the lower conveyor 566 If the gates 61 are swung outwardly away from one another to their broken line positions seen in Figure 5, at which their upper edges rest against the side walls 60 of tne hopper, all of the material passing through the mesh of the two screen decks 37 and 38 will be directed onto the upper conveyor 59.
It is a feature of this invention, however~ that a plurality of longitudinally adjacent gates 61 are provided at each side of the conveyor 59. Accordingly, all of the gates can be dis-posed in either of the two positions described; or one pair of opposite gates can be in their solid line positions, for example, and others in their broken line positions. This enables any selected -~
-~ part of the material passing through the mesh of both screen decks 37 and 38 to be deposited on the upper conveyor 59, and the remainder to be deposited on the lower conveyor 56.
Thus, for example, if the mesh of the rear one-half of the lower screen deck 38 is made smaller than that of its front half, fines and dust can pass through it and the spread apart rear gates 61 to drop onto the upper conveyor 59 and be discharged to the rear of the plant, while somewhat coarser materials, including those of final product size, can be made to bypass the upper conveyor and ; - 8 ~0424~4 be deflected by gates 61 in their upwardly convergent position onto the lower conveyor 56 for discharge onto the delivery conveyor 31 under the secondary crusher 28.
In -this way, separa-tion of the fines and final size materials can be effected at the input station containing the receiving unit 20, to thus minimize the handling of the material by the various components of the apparatus.
It is also a feature of this invention -that the gates ~
61 can be held in any of a number of positions intermediate their ;
-two extreme portions described, by means of latch type handles 63 which project outwardly therefrom through slits in the side walls 60 of the hopper. Teeth 63' on these handles can engage the bot-tom edges of the slits through which the handles project to latch the gates in the desired positions of adjustment.
The two side by side conveyors 30 and 31 carry materials discharged thereonto upwardly and forwardly -to separate -discharge zones adjacent to the upper rear portion of the material receiving and classifying unit 21 on the second reduction unit 12.
The forward material receiving and classifying unit 21 is similar to the rear unit 20 in that it also comprises a vibratory screen device 65 mounted at an upper level on the rear of the supporting structure 14, and conta;ins upper and lower screen dec]cs 67 and 68, respectively.
Again in this case, the mesh of the upper deck screen is coarser than that of the lower deck screen.
As stated earlier~ the conveyor 30 receives crushed material from the primary stage of the crushing device 18 and ex-tends a distance forwardly beyond its laterally adjacent companion , conveyor 31. The purpose of this is -to position the head roll 34 of the conveyor 30 over the top rear portion of the material receiv-ing and classifying unit 21, so that material discharging from said conveyor will fall onto the upper screen deck 67.
The head roll 33 of the companion conveyor 31 termin-ates short of the rear of the material receiving and classifying _ 9 _ :- -. :, . . .
~O~Z411)~
unit 21 and discharges material into a chute 70 on the back of said unit arranged to debouch onto the lower screen deck 68. Hence, the upper screen deck 67 receives the coarser crushed material from the output of the primary st~ge of the crushing device 18, while the lower screen deck 68 receives somewhat finer material from the secondary stage o~ said crushing device, along with any other material fed onto the rear end portion of the conveyor 31 from the rear material receiving and classifying unit 20.
During operation, vibration of the upper and lower 1~ screen decks 67 and 68 is relied upon to carry scalped material thereon forwardly to discharge zones at the front of the unit 21;
while materials fine enough to be classified as main product passes through the mesh of both screen decks to fall into a hopper-like structure 72 mounted on the supporting structure 14 under -the unit 21. The material thus received in the hopper-like structure 72 drops onto the upper stretch 73 of an endless belt conveyor 74 mounted on the supporting framework 14 at the open bottom of the hopper-like structure.
The conveyor 74 can be driven in either direction, as by a reversible motor, so that materials on its upper stretch can be carried to and discharged from either the front or the rear end of the material receiving and classifying unit 21. When the conveyor is driven in a direction such that its upper stretch travels in the forward direction, the materials thereon will be discharged into a chute 75 oriented to direct the materials onto the rear end portion of the main product delivery conveyor 23 mentioned earlier. How-ever, when the conveyor 74 is driven in the reverse direction, the materials on its upper stretch will be discharged rearwardly into a trough 76 or other delivery means by which they can be conducted laterally to a product collecting zone at one side of the plant.
The coarser crushed material which fails to pass through the mesh of the upper screen deck 67 is vibrationally ad-vanced thereby to a chute 77, which directs the material into a receiver 78 carried by the supporting framework of an endless belt 4~g conveyor 80. This conveyor ex-tends upwardly and forwardly from its tail roll 81, which is located inside the ro-tary elevator 25 and sub-stantially on its axis of rotation. Its head roll 82 is located up-wardly adjacent to the inle-t of the secondary crushing device 19, so that materials fed in-to the receiver 78 will be carried upwardly and forwardly on the top stretch of the conveyor 80 and discharged into the secondary crushing device 19 for further reduction. The second-ary crushing device 19 can be of any suitable -type, bu-tis here illustrated as being of the roll type.
It is significant to note that the transfer of materials from the chute 77 to the receiver 78 on the rear of the feed conveyor for the secondary crushing device 19 takes place in the interior of the rotary elevator 25. Hence, any materials which are fed into the elevator at a low level inlet zone thereof are carried upwardly -thereby to a high level discharge zone to be also loaded into the receiver 78 and fed into the secondary crushing device for further reduction, along with the materials transferred to the conveyor from the upper screen deck 67.
Crushed material issuing from the secondary crushing device 19 drops downwardly onto the single screen deck 84 of a vibratory screen unit 85. The mesh of the screen deck 84 is such as to pass all materials of final product size, and to vibrationally carry all materials which fail to pass therethrough rearwardly toward and into the inlet zone of the elevator wheel 25. In this way, materials of greater than the desired main product size are recirculated -through the secondary crushing device to assure reduc- -tion to the proper size; while materials of final product size pass-ing through the screen deck 84 drop on-to the main produc-t delivery conveyor 23 for a discharge from a high level delivery zone at the front of the plant.
If desired, some of the stone chips that pass through the screen 84 can be intercepted by a short length of screen 84' in the forward portion of the vibratory unit 85, under the discharge of the secondary crushing device 19. Like the screen 84 above it, the ~2~
screen 84' also slopes downwardly and rearwardly, and i-t is arranged to discharge through opposite holes 86 in the sides of -the vibra-tory unit 85. These holes lead into -the two branches of a bifurcated delivery chute 87 which embraces the conveyor 23 and discharges downwardly onto a conveyor or the li}ce tha-t conducts the chips to some location at one side of the machine.
Some or all of the materials which fail to pass through the mesh of the lower screen deck 68 on the receiving and classifying unit 21 can be discharged from the forward end of said deck into the low level inlet zone of the elevator wheel 25 through what can be termed the center chute 88 of a triple branched chute structure generally designated 89. Such materials will be elevated by the wheel 25 and discharged onto -the feed conveyor 80 for the secondary crushing device 19, to undergo further reduction therein.
The triple branched chu-te structure 89 also comprises front and rear chutes 91 and 92, respectively, which are oriented to discharge materials passing therethrough laterally to delivery zones at the side of the plant; and valve-like upper and lower gates 93 and 94, respectively. The transfer of carryover materials on the lower screen deck 68 to the elevator wheel 25 via the center chute 88 requires the gate 94 to be placed in its left hand position shown, closing off the entrance to the chute 92. The position of gate 93 is not important at this time and it can occupy its downwardly extend-ing position seen.
When the lower gate 94 is moved to its righthand position indicated by construction lines, it closes off the entrance to the chute 88 and directs to the rear chute 92 all of the carry-over material discharging over the forward end of the lower screen deck 68. The gate 94, of course, can also be placed in any of a number of intermediate positions if only selected fractions of -the carryover material discharging from the lower screen deck are to be directed through the chute 92 to a product collecting zone at one side of the plant.
The upper gate 93 is only placed in a substantially : . .
z~
horizontal positi~n when an imperforate plate 95, such as seen in Figure 6, is moun~ed in the material receiving and classifying unit 21 at a level between those of the screen decks 67 and 68. In that position, the plate 95 will intercept all of the ma-terial passing through the mesh of the upper screen deck 67, and it will vibration-ally advance the same to a discharge zone at the front edge of the plate, where such material can travel across the gate 93 and into the front chute 91 for discharge to product collecting means at one side of the plant.
In the Figure 6 embodiment of the invention, both screens 67 and 68 can have the same size mesh, in which case, the carryover material on both will be fed into the secondary crushing - device 19 via the conveyor 80. The carryover material from the lower -screen 68, of course, reaches the conveyor 80 via the elevator wheel 25. The advantage of the arrangement seen in Figure 6 is that the screens 67 and 68 afford the sa~e screening capacity (in terms of length) as could only be obtained in a receiving unit 21 twice the length of that shown.
According to that embodiment of the invention seen in Figure 7, the crushing device on the second reduction section 12 can also have primary and secondary stages such as are provided in a triple roll crusher 97. The triple roll crusher has coarse first and fine second stage crushing rolls 98 and 99 respectively, coop~
erating with a common c -~shing roll 100.
The first and second stage crushers 98 and 99 are fed materials to be crushed by means of separate upper and lower con- -veyors 102 and 103, respectively. The rear portions of these con-veyors diverge and extend into the elevator wheel 25 to be located ! near opposite sides of the wheel, as seen in Figure 8. It is poss~
ible, of course, to eliminate the upper conveyor 102 if the first and second stage crushers are reversed and fed en-tirely from the conveyor 103.
The wheel is rota*ed in the coun-ter,clockw~ise di~rection ,.
Z4~
as indicated by the arrow in Figure 8, so -that materials elevated thereby will discharge onto the rear portion of the lower conveyor : 103 and be carried upwardly and forwardly thereby in-to the bite of -the second stage rolls 99 and 100. The ma-terials thus deposited on the lower conveyor are those which are fed into the low level charging zone of the eleva-tor wheel from the lower screen deck 168 of the material receiving unit 121 on the rear of the second reducing section 12. The carryover materials discharging over the forward end of the screen deck 168 are direc-ted in-to -the elevator wheel by means of a chute 105. If desired, the chute 105 can be arranged to discharge directly onto the rear of the lower conveyor 103.
Carryover materials on the upper deck screen 167 discharging over the forward end of the latter are directed onto the rear portion of the upper conveyor 102 by means of a chute 106.
This chute is angled toward that side of -the elevator wheel con-taining the rear of the conveyor 102.
The conveyor 102 extends upwardly over the top roll 99 of the triple roll crusher and discharges into a hopper~like structure 108 that directs the material into the bite of the first stage rolls 98 and 100. All of the crushed material issuing from the triple roll crusher falls onto the screen 84 of a vibratory screen unit 85 like -that seen in the Figure 3 embodiment of the invention; and the final product will pass through the screen 84 onto the delivery conveyor means while carryover material larger than the desired main product size will be vibrationally conducted back into the elevator wheel for recirculation through the second stage crushing rolls 99, 100.
By proper selection of screen mesh in the receiving and classifying units 20 and 21, it will be seen that crushed products of different size graduations can be discharged from the plant at delivery stations located at various poin-ts along the length of the plant. Thus, the finest and the coarsest materials can be discharged a-t stations at the rear and the front, respectively, 1~4~
of t~e ma-terial receiving and classifying uni-t on the rear reducing sec-tion 11. The finest of sand ma-terials can be collected a-t the rear of the conveyor 59 while -the coarsest materials are those which are caused to discharge la-terally from -the chute 48.
Five more product delivery stations are located at various points on the forward reducing section 12; one at the trough 76 behind the conveyor 74; a second at -the discharge end of the chute 92; a third at the discharge end of the chute 91; a ~our-th at the ~ chip spout 87; and the fifth at the forward end of the main product - 10 conveyor 23.
If the fines consisting of sand, dust and the like are to be rejected, a fine mesh screen section is installed in the rear portion of the lower screen deck 38 on the receiving unit 20, and the gates 62 therebeneath are opened to direct the fines in-to the upper conveyor 59 for discharge at the rear of the -plant.
Otherwise, all of the material being processed can be passed through the plant to be discharged from the upper end of the main product conveyor 23; or any part thereof can be gathered at one or more of the delivery stations mentioned above.
That embodiment of the invention seen in Figure 9 illustrates the versatility of the apparatus, especially the receiv-ing and classifying units thereof which can be used with crushers ` other than those described thus far. For example, a receiving and classifying unit 21 such as seen in Figure 6 can feed any of a number of different secondary crushing devices, one of which as indicated at 190, can comprise a compact unit located partly in the interior of the elevator wheel 25.
In this case, carryover material on the upper deck screen 67 will be conducted to a chute 115 at its forward end. The chute 115 extends into the interior of the elevator wheel 25 and ~ ~' -~ discharges into the inlet of the crushing device 190, here illus-trated as a conventional roll crusher driven by the forward engine 2L~.
Also, -the vibratory screen unit 85 is located beneath a belt conveyor 117 between it and the underside of the roll crusher ,. .
, - 15 -. ., ,- , ... ~ ~ .
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190. The conveyor 117 carries crushed materials issuing from the roll crusher upwardly and forwardly, and discharges the same onto the forward end portion of the screen 84 in -the screen uni-t 85. As before, carryover materials on the screen 84 are brought back into the elevator to be recirculated through -the crusher 190; materials of final product size, of course, pass -through -the screen 84 and drop onto the delivery conveyor 23.
Figures 10 and 11 illu~trate embodimen-ts of the inven-tion which feature significant savings in plant costs as a result of substantial reductions in the size and proportions of certain of the components of the apparatus.
For example, Figure 10 shows how the first and second reduction sections of a crushing plant like -that of Figure 1 can be operatively disposed in exceptionally close end to end relationship.
This is made possible primarily by providing the front reduction section 12' with a substantially squat material receiving and class-ifying unit 21' to thereby allow the rear conveyor means 22~ which feeds material thereinto to be significantly shortened.
The material receiving and classifying unit 21' is of ; 20 the vibratory type, as before, and it is provided with spaced top and bottom decks 120 and 121, respectively, and an intermediate deck 122. It projects such a slight distance above the supporting frame-work 14 of the front reduction section 12 that its top deck 120, which is a screen is at a level well below the axis of rota-tion of ~, the rotary elevator 25 ahead of it. The intermediate deck 122 is also a screen, and i-t is located at a level beneath the top of the supporting framework 14. The bottom deck 121 in this case comprises a carrying pan which is located below the level of the supporting framework 14 and is inclined downwardly and forwardly, toward the rear of the delivery conveyor 23. With this arrangement~ materials that pass through the screens 120 and 122 are received on the pan 121 and are vibrationally carried forwardly thereby to be discharged onto the delivery conveyor 23.
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., .
. , , . ~ , . .::
The top screen deck 120 discharges carryover material vibrationally advanced in the forward direction thereby into the elevator 25, and a chute 124 facilitates transfer of such materials into the elevator. A chute 125 at the front end of the lower screen 122 also facili-tates discharge into -the elevator of carryover material vibrationally advanced in -the forward direction by the screen 122.
The reminder of the front reduction section of Figure ;
10 is substantially the same as that described in connection with -the Figure 1 embodiment of the invention. It should be noted, however, that wherever desired, the front reduction section of Figure 10 can be optionally provided with the chip intercepting screen 84' and discharge chute 87 for the intercepted chips, as in the Figure 3 embodiment of the invention. Another optional feature that can be ` incorporated in the front reduction section 12' resides in the pro-vision of a sand reject chute 127 under a hole in the carrying pan 121 near its forward end, to receive sand and pulverulent materials which are not desired in the final product. A short screen 129 is ~ preferably disposed under the lower screen deck 122 and over the - 20 entrance to the chute 127 in this case. The screen 129 intercepts crushed materials of final product size that pass through the forward portion of the screen 122 and vibrationally advances such inter-cepted materials in the forward direction for discharge onto that portion of the carrying pan 121 which is forwardly of the sand re~
ject chute 127 and the entrance thereto.
,' A chute structure on the order of that seen in Figure ,
3 can also be used at the front end of the receiving and classifying unit 21' for the purpose of providing for side discharge at a pro-duct delivery zone of carryover materials advanced to the front end of the lower screen deck 122 when desired.
It will also be apparent that a receiving and class-ifying unit 21' such as described above could be used to advantage in the front reduction section 12 seen in Figure 7, regardless of whether the first and second stage crushers therein disclosed are " - 17 -:~04~
of the triple roll type or of -the -twin dual roll -type. In -the latter even-t, of course, the feed conveyors for the two stage crusher could be arranged in the same side by side relation as the laterally disposed s-tages of a -twin dual roll crusher.
The Figure 11 embodiment of -the invention illustrates a front reduction section like tha-t seen in Figure 10 operatively close coupled as before to the forward end of a rear reduction section having only one primary crushing stage and one conveyor 222 to feed the forward reduction section. In -this case, however, the receiving and classifying unit 221, which is fed from the conveyor 222, has one screen deck 120 at its top, a carrying pan 121 at its bot-tom, and no screen member at the intermediate level. Hence, all of -the crushed materials that pass through the screen 120 drop onto the carrying pan 121 and are conducted thereby to the rear of the delivery con-veyor unless, of course, a sand reject opening and chute is provided in the bottom of the pan as previously described.
It will be appreciated, of course, that a belt con-veyor 73 such as that seen in Figure 3 can be used in the lower por-tion of the material receiving unit 221', to conduct the finish size material passing through the screen deck 120 to the delivery con-veyor. Likewise, the screen deck 120 could be elevated somewhat and advantageously arranged to discharge directly onto the rear of the feed conveyor 80. ;~
From the foregoing description, together with the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention provides a gravel crushing plant featuring versatility with regard to the production of produc-ts of several different size ~radua-tions.
. . ~ .. . .
:. . . - .
:.: . . :
It will also be apparent that a receiving and class-ifying unit 21' such as described above could be used to advantage in the front reduction section 12 seen in Figure 7, regardless of whether the first and second stage crushers therein disclosed are " - 17 -:~04~
of the triple roll type or of -the -twin dual roll -type. In -the latter even-t, of course, the feed conveyors for the two stage crusher could be arranged in the same side by side relation as the laterally disposed s-tages of a -twin dual roll crusher.
The Figure 11 embodiment of -the invention illustrates a front reduction section like tha-t seen in Figure 10 operatively close coupled as before to the forward end of a rear reduction section having only one primary crushing stage and one conveyor 222 to feed the forward reduction section. In -this case, however, the receiving and classifying unit 221, which is fed from the conveyor 222, has one screen deck 120 at its top, a carrying pan 121 at its bot-tom, and no screen member at the intermediate level. Hence, all of -the crushed materials that pass through the screen 120 drop onto the carrying pan 121 and are conducted thereby to the rear of the delivery con-veyor unless, of course, a sand reject opening and chute is provided in the bottom of the pan as previously described.
It will be appreciated, of course, that a belt con-veyor 73 such as that seen in Figure 3 can be used in the lower por-tion of the material receiving unit 221', to conduct the finish size material passing through the screen deck 120 to the delivery con-veyor. Likewise, the screen deck 120 could be elevated somewhat and advantageously arranged to discharge directly onto the rear of the feed conveyor 80. ;~
From the foregoing description, together with the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention provides a gravel crushing plant featuring versatility with regard to the production of produc-ts of several different size ~radua-tions.
. . ~ .. . .
:. . . - .
:.: . . :
Claims (12)
1. An elongated crushing plant having crushing means and comprising: vibratory screen means rearwardly of the crushing means, for receiving input material to be processed, said screen means being adapted to vibrationally advance carryover material thereon forwardly toward the crushing means; material transport ing means comprising said screen means, for conducting such carry-over material to the crushing means; a screen member beneath the crushing means to receive crushed material issuing therefrom, said screen member being adapted to pass material of final product size and to direct oversize material remaining thereon toward the rear of said screen member; a main product delivery conveyor having a portion beneath said screen member to receive final product size material passed therethrough, said delivery conveyor extending upwardly and forwardly beyond said screen member; and an elevator having a low level zone at which said oversize material is received from said screen member, adapted to carry such material to a higher elevation and to discharge the same onto said material transporting means, so as to thereby effect recirculation back to the crushing means of larger than final product size material issuing therefrom.
2. An elongated crushing plant, comprising the com-bination of: an elevator to receive material at a low level zone and to discharge said material at a higher level zone; crushing means mounted on the plant forwardly adjacent to the elevator; a feed conveyor to conduct into the crushing means material dis-charged by the elevator; a main product delivery conveyor extend-ing upwardly and forwardly under the crushing means and having its rear portion adjacent to said elevator; a screen member inter-posed between the delivery conveyor and the underside of the crushing means, to pass material of finish size to the delivery conveyor and to direct materials of larger size rearwardly to said low level zone of the elevator; a material receiving unit rearwardly adjacent to the elevator having means including a vi-bratory screen deck to advance materials of larger than finish size forwardly onto said feed conveyor; and conducting means beneath said screen deck to receive materials of finish size passed therethrough and to conduct the same to the main product delivery conveyor.
3. The crushing plant of claim 2, further charac-terized by a vibratory screen device beneath said screen deck through which finish size materials must pass to reach said con ducting means, said screen device being adapted to vibrationally advance carryover materials thereon forwardly toward the eleva-tor; and means for conducting to said low level zone of the ele-vator said forwardly advanced carryover materials on said vibra-tory screen device.
4. The crushing plant of claim 2, further charac-terized by: said conducting means comprising a belt conveyor the top stretch of which receives material that passes through said screen device and conducts the same forwardly toward the main product delivery conveyor when said belt conveyor is driven in one direction; and said delivery conveyor extending rearwardly under and beyond the elevator to have its rear end portion in position to receive material leaving the belt conveyor.
5. The crushing plant of claim 4, wherein said belt conveyor extends to a product delivery zone at the rear of the plant to there discharge material on its top stretch when the belt conveyor is driven in the opposite direction.
6. The crushing plant of claim 3, wherein said last named means comprises a chute structure having a spout thereon to direct material laterally away from the elevator toward a product delivery zone at one side of the plant; and further characterized by gate means in said chute structure to govern the flow of material selectively to the elevator or to said spout.
7. The crushing plant of claim 3, further charac-terized by: an imperforate vibratory deck on said receiving unit, which can be removably supported thereon at a level between said screen deck and said screen device to receive material pass-ing through the mesh of said screen deck, said imperforate deck being adapted to vibrationally advance material thereon forwardly toward a discharge zone adjacent to the rear of the elevator;
and a chute to receive material discharging from the imperforate deck and to spout the same toward a product delivery station at one side of the plant.
and a chute to receive material discharging from the imperforate deck and to spout the same toward a product delivery station at one side of the plant.
8. The crushing plant of claim 2, wherein said feed conveyor cooperates with said vibratory screen deck to conduct carryover material from the latter to the crushing means along a path which leads substantially continuously from said receiving unit to said crushing means.
9. The crushing plant of claim 8, wherein said ele-vator comprises a drum which rotates on an axis that extends fore and aft of the plant; and wherein said path leads through the interior of the drum.
10. The crushing plant of claim 1, further charac-terized by: said crushing means comprising first and second stage crushers; said material transporting means comprising a feed conveyor for transporting carryover material from said screen means to the first stage crusher together with material discharging from the elevator at a first discharge zone thereof;
and a second feed conveyor for conducting to the second stage crusher material discharging from the elevator at a second dis-charge zone thereof. 21
and a second feed conveyor for conducting to the second stage crusher material discharging from the elevator at a second dis-charge zone thereof. 21
11. The crushing plant of claim 1, further charac-terized by: a primary crushing unit rearwardly of said vibratory screen means; and said primary crushing unit having a delivery conveyor for conducting crushed materials onto said vibratory screen means.
12. The crushing plant of claim 3, further charac-terized by: a primary crushing unit located rearwardly of said screen means and comprising primary and secondary crushers, and a separate delivery conveyor associated with each of said primary and secondary crushers; a first one of said delivery conveyors being adapted to conduct crushed materials onto said screen deck;
and the second one of said delivery conveyors being adapted to conduct crushed materials onto said screen device.
and the second one of said delivery conveyors being adapted to conduct crushed materials onto said screen device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,770A CA1042404A (en) | 1974-07-02 | 1974-07-02 | Crushing plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,770A CA1042404A (en) | 1974-07-02 | 1974-07-02 | Crushing plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1042404A true CA1042404A (en) | 1978-11-14 |
Family
ID=4100546
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA203,770A Expired CA1042404A (en) | 1974-07-02 | 1974-07-02 | Crushing plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1042404A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4655402A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1987-04-07 | Bernard Desourdy | Portable crushing plant |
| WO2018219513A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
| WO2019174802A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
-
1974
- 1974-07-02 CA CA203,770A patent/CA1042404A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4655402A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1987-04-07 | Bernard Desourdy | Portable crushing plant |
| WO2018219513A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
| US11369972B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2022-06-28 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
| AU2018275707B2 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2023-04-13 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
| WO2019174802A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing system |
| CN111788004A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-10-16 | 克磊镘有限公司 | Processing machinery |
| US11325132B2 (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2022-05-10 | Kleemann Gmbh | Processing plant |
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