BR0308465B1 - Low side flow smoke cigarette featuring a conventional tobacco rod and a fuel treatment paper. - Google Patents

Description

Report of the Invention Patent for "LOW SIDE FLOW SMOKE CIGARETTE PRESENTING A CONVENTIONAL TOBACCO CANE AND FUEL TREATMENT PAPER".

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a side flow reduction of smoke in the burning of cigarettes and other smoke products. More particularly, the invention relates to cigarette paper, cigarette wrap or a cigar wrap or other tobacco products, for reducing the visible smoke side flow while providing a modified ash. Background of the Invention

Various efforts have been made to reduce or eliminate the lateral flow of smoke emanating from a burning cigarette. We have developed several approaches to cigarette smoke side flow control systems as described in Canadian Patents 2,054,735 and 2,057,962, US Patents 5,462,073 and 5,709,228 and PCT Patent Applications. published WO 96/22031, WO 98/16125 and WO 99/53778.

Other smoke side flow control systems have been developed that use filter material or absorbent material in tobacco, filter or paper wrap. Examples of such systems are described in U.S. patents 2,755,207, 4,108,151 and 4,225,636, EP 0 740 907 and 0,251 254, and international patent applications WO 97/27831 and WO 99/53778. U.S. Patent 2,755,207 describes a low sidestream smoke cigarette paper. Burning cigarette paper produces smoke substantially free of irritating components. Cigarette paper is a fiber-shaped cellulosic material. It has closely associated with it a finely divided mineral type silencing catalyst material. Cigarette paper, which is essentially non-combustible and refractory, remains substantially unchanged during cigarette paper combustion and acts as a catalyst in modifying paper combustion. Suitable silicon catalysts include acid treated clays, heat treated montmorillonite and natural and synthetic silicates containing some relatively mobile hydrogen atoms. Mixed silica oxides include silica oxides with alumina, zirconia, titanium, chromium oxide and magnesium oxide. Other silicas include silicon and aluminum oxides in a 9: 1 weight ratio of silica to alumina.

U.S. Patent 4,108,151 describes the use of a gamma alumina filler for cigarette paper, which selectively reduces the constituents of the organic vapor phase in tobacco smoke. There is at least 50% by weight of alumina filler in cigarette paper to reduce the constituents of the organic vapor phase in a tobacco smoke. Therefore, there is a reduction in the visible flow of visible smoke from a burning cigarette. Gamma alumina is more commonly known as activated alumina, which is finely pulverized to pass through a 300 mesh screen.

U.S. Patent 4,225,636 describes the use of carbon in cigarette paper to reduce the components of the organic vapor phase and the total particulate matter found in sidestream smoke. In addition, carbon results in a substantial reduction in the lateral flow of smoke emanating from a burning cigarette. Activated carbon is preferred as a carbon source. Use of activated carbon results in a slight drop in lateral flow of visible smoke. Up to 50% of cigarette paper can be finely divided carbon. Carbon-coated papers can be used as the inner wrapper for the tobacco rod in combination with a conventional cigarette.

European Patent Application 0 740 907, published November 6, 1996, describes the use of zeolites in cigarette tobacco to change the characteristics of the mainstream smoke and in particular to remove the various components of the cigarette. main stream of smoke as part of the liquor. Zeolite, provided in tobacco, also apparently alters the characteristics of lateral smoke flow. The zeolites used were of a particle size between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm.

European patent application 0 251 254 describes the use of a high surface area filler in cigarette paper. The fillers are generally crystals and solids having surface areas of at least 20 m2 / g. The fillers are preferably peroxides, carbonates, phosphates, sulfates, aluminates and silicates. Porous fillers such as zeolites are well known to be preferred on cigarette paper and are known to function similarly to conventional chalk.

Published PCT patent application WO 97/27831 describes the use of an unaluminated zeolite for absorbing nonpolar or weakly polar molecules from a polar liquid or gas. Effective proportions of unaluminized powdered zeolite may be incorporated into cigarette paper to reduce the carbon monoxide content in side-flow smoke. The aluminous zeolite delalumination step makes the zeolite hydrophobic, so as to affect the absorption and removal of nonpolar or weakly populated molecules, which happens even in the presence of water.

Published PCT patent application WO 99/53778 describes a non-combustible sheet of treatment material for reducing side-flow smoke emissions. The foil is used as a wrap and is applied on conventional cigarette paper of a conventional cigarette. The wrapper has a very high porosity to allow the cigarette to burn at or near conventional free burn rates while simultaneously reducing the visible smoke side flow emissions. The non-combustible wrap includes non-combustible ceramic fibers, non-combustible activated carbon fibers as well as other standard materials used in the production of the wrap. The wrapper also includes zeolites or other similar sorbent materials and an oxygen donor metal oxide / oxygen store oxidation catalyst. The non-combustible wrap provides an acceptable degree of smoke side flow control, although due to the non-combustible nature of the wrap, a tarred pipe remains.

U.S. Patents 4,433,697 and 4,915,117 disclose the incorporation of ceramic fibers in cigarette paper making. US 4,443,697 discloses at least 1% by weight of certain ceramic fibers in the paper supply, in combination with charges of magnesium oxide and / or magnesium hydroxide, to reduce the lateral flow of smoke from the cigarette. in burning. The supply of fiber slurry, ceramic fibers and fillers are used to produce a sheet of paper in conventional papermaking machines. Ceramic fibers may be selected from the group of polycrystalline alumina, aluminum silicate and amorphous alumina. A charge of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium oxide is used and is coated or applied to the sheet fibers.

Ito, U.S. Patent 4,915,117, describes the use of a non-combustible tobacco retaining sheet. The thin sheet is formed of ceramic materials that, after burning, do not produce smoke. The ceramic sheet comprises a woven or non-woven ceramic fiber fabric or a mixture of paper and thermally decomposed ceramics at high temperature. Ceramic fiber can be selected from inorganic fibers such as silica fiber, silica alumina fiber, alumina fiber, zirconia or aluminosilicate fiber and fiberglass. The ceramic sheet is formed by agglutination of these materials by inorganic binders such as silica gel or alumina gel. The fibers are preferably from 1 to 10 micrometers in diameter.

Published PCT patent application WO 01/41590 describes the use of ceramic materials in cigarette wrappers to reduce side flow of smoke. The ceramic filler, which is incorporated into the cylinder wrap using a binder, has a particle size in the range of 2 -90 μηη. The ceramic filler is of a predefined shape which is spherical or substantially spherical, oval or substantially oval, or otherwise irregular in shape therein. The ceramic filler may be alumina, silica, an aluminosilicate, silicon carbide, stabilized or non-stabilized zirconium oxide, zircon, grenade, feldspar and the like. The ceramic filler is provided in the cigarette wrap at a proportion greater than 40% by weight of the dry materials in the slurry which is used to produce the wrapper. The binder may be an alginate, gum, cellulose, pectin, starch or Group I or II metal salts of such binders. The resulting wrap has a porosity usually of less than 200 Coresta units and is preferably in the range of 2-100 Coresta units. The wrap has a density of 0.5 - 3.0 g / cm3. The wrapper is preferably used as an overwrap for a non-porous smoke plug wrapping tobacco rod having porosities around 12,000 Coresta units.

Sunshades have been applied to conventional cigarette papers to reduce lateral smoke flow, particularly sunshades made of magnesium aluminate, calcium aluminate, titania, zirconia and aluminum oxide, as described in Canadian patent 1,180 .968 and Canadian Patent Application 2,010,575. Canadian Patent 1,180,968 describes the application of magnesium hydroxide, in the form of an amorphous gel, as a cigarette paper filler component, to enhance the appearance of ash and reduce the side flow of smoke. Magnesium hydroxide gel is coated or applied to the fibers of the cigarette paper sheet. Canadian Patent Application 2,010,575 describes the use of gels produced by a solution gel or sol gel process to control the combustion of smoking article wraps. Gels can be applied as coatings for paper fibers before paper is formed into wrappers. Wrappers are useful for reducing visible smoke side flow. The metal oxides for sunshades may be aluminum, titanium, zirconium, sodium, potassium or calcium oxides.

Published German patent application DE 3508 127 describes a novelty type cigarette which produces a volley of sparks when smoked. This is achieved by incorporating a metalmisch in the form of cerium or silicon ferrite in cigarette paper. When the cigarette is smoked, particularly in dark spaces, burning the cigarette produces sparks with a bright light effect. Cerium ferrite particles incorporated in cigarette paper usually have a particle size around 20μηι.

Catalysts have also been applied directly to cigarette paper as described in Canadian Patent 604,895 and U.S. Patent 5,386,838. Canadian Patent 604,895 describes the use of platinum, osmium, iridium, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium in cigarette paper. These metals function as oxidation catalysts to treat vapors originating from combustion of the paper wrapper. The optimal catalytic effect is provided by metallic palladium. Metal particles in a suitable medium are dispersed on the face of a paper wrapper before being applied to the cigarette.

U.S. Patent 5,386,838 describes the use of a sol solution comprising a mixture of iron and magnesium as a smoke suppressing composition. The smoke eliminating composition is made by co-precipitation of iron and magnesium from an aqueous solution in the presence of a base. The iron and magnesium composition has a high surface area of approximately 100 m 2 / g to approximately 225 m 2 / g when heated to a temperature between 100 ° C and approximately 500 ° C. The iron and magnesium composition may be added to the paper slurry which is used to produce a smoke-suppressing cigarette paper. The iron and magnesium composition apparently acts as an oxidation catalyst and reduces the amount of smoke produced by the burning cigarette. The catalyst may also be applied to tobacco, for example as described in U.S. Patent 4,248,251, palladium, in metallic form or as a salt, may be applied to tobacco. The presence of palladium on tobacco reduces the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the main smoke stream. Palladium is used in combination with an inorganic salt or nitric or nitrous acid. These nitrates include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, erbium, scandium, manganese, iron, rhodium, palladium. , copper, zinc, aluminum, gallium, tin, bismuth, their hydrates and mixtures thereof. Catalysts have also been used in the pipes to reduce the side flow of smoke as described in PCT patent application WO98 / 16125.

U.S. Patent 6,228,799 describes a composition comprising cerium oxide and zirconium oxide, in particulate form and having a high surface area, usually greater than 35 m2 / g. The composition is produced by co-precipitation of cerium and zirconium species from a solution at elevated temperature which is then separated and dried at temperatures between 80 - 300 ° C and then calcined at temperatures between 200 and 1,200 ° C. . Catalytic materials have been used in cigarette aerosol types, which do not produce side flow or mainstream smoke per se, but rather an aromatized aerosol. Examples of such aerosol cigarettes include those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,040,551,5,137,034 and 5,944,025, which use catalysts to provide the heat generation required to develop the aerosol. Such catalytic systems include cerium, palladium or platinum oxides.

Several smoke side flow control systems have been considered in the prior art, but none have considered a combustible cigarette paper, which burns like a normal cigarette without significantly affecting the taste of the cigarette and has an acceptable ash. Summary of the Invention

According to various aspects of this invention, cigarette paper, cigarette wrap, cigar wrap or other similar tobacco product is provided to reduce the visible smoke side flow with an improved or modified ash.

According to one aspect of the invention, in a low smoke side flow cigarette having a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper, said treatment paper having a smoke side flow treatment composition comprising a catalyst Oxidation and Oxidation Storage Metal Oxide and a finely divided essentially non-combustible auxiliary particulate for said catalyst, the improvement comprising the use of a solid particulate solution mixed with metal oxides such as said catalyst and auxiliary.

The storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor as part of the solid solution is preferably selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. . The auxiliary, which is also part of the solid solution, is preferably selected from the group of metal oxides consisting of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide and mixtures thereof. The solid mixed metal oxide solution may further include in said solid solution a metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. Preferred mixed oxides of the solid solution are cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum / praseium mixed oxide , cerium / zirconium / neodymium mixed oxide and mixtures thereof.

According to another aspect of the invention, a low smoke side flow cigarette comprises a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper having a smoke side flow treatment composition, the treatment composition comprising providing a storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor, an essentially non-combustible auxiliary for said catalyst and a metal oxide for modifying ash characteristics.

According to another aspect of the invention, the auxiliary may comprise a mixed metal oxide or carbonate filler used in conjunction with a zeolite based material. The zeolite-based material is preferably in a ratio ranging from about 0.1% to 35% by weight of the total dry weight of the composition, although the proportion may be higher. The metal oxide mixture may include mixtures of zirconium oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, cerium oxide, tin oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate. and their mixtures. The metal oxides may be of various surface areas and particularly in any low surface area in the range of about 5 to 15 m2 / g and high surface area exceeding 20 m2 / g. A cerium oxide hydrate sol can be applied to assist, for example, metal oxides to provide greater catalytic activity. According to another aspect of the invention, the catalyst material

Storage metal oxide oxidation donor and oxygen donor preferably includes lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, rieodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. Precious metal and transition metal type oxidation catalyst may also be included, such as palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. Such a catalyst may also be attached to the auxiliary or ash-modifying material, or as part of the mixed oxide solid solution.

The smoke side flow treatment composition may be incorporated into the fuel treatment paper, coated on the fuel treatment paper, impregnated on the treatment paper, or a combination of the above steps. The treatment paper may be a double wrap and may be of the same or different compositions. One of the double wrappers may be conventional paper. Alternatively, one of the dual wrappers may have a composition directed primarily to reducing smoke flow and another role of the dual wrapper to include a directed composition for ash modification.

According to another aspect of the invention, a low smoke side flow cigarette comprises a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper having a smoke side flow treatment composition. The treatment composition comprises a storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor and a high surface area adsorbent aid for the catalyst incorporated in said treatment paper. A calcium carbonate coating is provided on an outer surface of the treatment paper to modify the characteristics of the ash.

For ease of description, when the term cigarette is used, it is to be understood that it includes not only smokable cigarettes but also any form of wrapped smokable tobacco product such as cigarettes or the like. When the term treatment paper is used, it should be understood to encompass combustible wrappers and the like, which may be used in cigarettes, cigars and the like. The wrapper can be used as a single layer of cigarette paper or multiple layers of cigarette paper. The wrapper can be applied as the single layer of cigarette paper or as a conventional cigarette paper wrapper of a cigarette. The treatment paper may include, as its substrate, conventional cigarette paper or a similar combustible product with a wide range of porosities. Conventional tobacco rod comprises tobacco compositions commonly used in smokable cigarettes. These canes should be distinguished from the tobacco components used in aerosol cigarettes.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a spraying technique for applying the treatment composition to a cigarette paper;

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a film extrusion of the treatment composition on cigarette paper;

Figure 3 is a schematic roll coating view of the treatment composition on the cigarette paper;

Figure 4 is a schematic view of the impregnation of a coating of the treatment composition on cigarette paper;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of mixing the treatment composition with the paper pulp in cigarette paper making;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a tobacco rod having the treatment paper of this invention applied to it;

Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a tobacco rod having the treatment composition sandwiched between two layers of cigarette paper applied to the tobacco rod; and

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a double wrap for tobacco rod, wherein the treatment paper is applied to conventional cigarette paper. Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

According to one aspect of this invention, the smoke side flow treatment composition provides the desired degree of visible smoke side flow control, while providing an adequate ash of desired characteristics. The smoke side flow treatment composition of this invention comprises a storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor used in combination with a non-combustible finely divided porous particulate auxiliary for the catalyst. As described in US patent application 09 / 954,432, filed September 18, 2001, it was unexpectedly found that when these two components are used in combination either alone or with other constituents, a very surprising degree of control of Lateral flow of visible smoke is provided. It has been found that with certain types of catalytic and / or auxiliary material, the characteristics of the ash, such as appearance, may sometimes be less than acceptable due to, for example, discoloration, delamination and defoliation. In accordance with this invention, improvements have been made in the composition, and in particular in the catalyst and / or auxiliary, to modify the characteristics of ash, to provide, for example, appearance, mechanical strength, color, integrity. and reducing or eliminating acceptable ash defoliation, delamination and the like.

The aid may be any suitable finely divided, essentially non-combustible particulate material which does not affect the taste and taste of the mainstream smoke and does not generate any undesirable odors in the side stream vapors. The particulate material is physically stable at the high burning temperatures of the cigarette charcoal. The auxiliary may have a low surface area usually less than 20 m 2 / g and preferably 1 m 2 / g to 15 m 2 / g and particularly 3 m 2 / g to 10 m 2 / g. It should be understood that for low surface area materials, the particulates are finely ground and are not usually porous. However, as the surface area increases to 20 m 2 / g, it should be understood that the particles may be porous. In contrast, the auxiliary may also have a high surface area, usually greater than 20 m2 / g, and at this surface area level the particulate material is usually porous. The porous aid may have pores with an average diameter of less than 100 nm (1,000 Â). Particularly, the pores have an average diameter of less than 20 nm (200 A) and, in particular, are pores with an average diameter of 0.5 to 10 nm (5-100 A). With zeolite-based material, the pores have an average diameter in the range of about 0.5 to 1.3 nm (5-13 A).

The particulate aid may have an average particle size of less than about 30 μιτι, particularly less than about 20 μιτι, and especially ranging from about 1 μιτι to about 10 μιη. Non-combustible materials may be porous clays of various categories commonly used in cigarette paper making such as bentonite clays or treated clays having high surface areas. Non-combustible carbon materials may also be used, including ground porous fibers and particulates. Various metal oxides and / or carbonates may be used such as porous monolithic mineral based materials such as zirconium oxide, titanium oxides, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, oxide tin, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and mixtures thereof; metal oxide fibers such as zirconium fibers and other ceramics such as ground porous ceramic fibers and mixtures thereof. Regarding cerium oxide, it has been found to be able to function as a finely divided auxiliary and as a storage cerium oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor. Other auxiliary materials include high surface area materials such as activated carbon and zeolites.

The helper may also comprise highly sorbent, high surface area materials which are non-combustible, finely divided particulate such as molecular sieves which include zeolites and may also comprise amorphous materials such as silica / alumina, zirconium oxide, zirconium hydroxide and the like. Zeolites such as silicalite zeolites, X, Y and L faujasite zeolites, beta-zeolites, mordenite zeolites and ZSM zeolites are acceptable. Preferred zeolites include hydrophobic zeolites and mild hydrophobic zeolites, which have affinity for hydrophobic and mildly hydrophobic organic compounds of this lateral smoke stream, whereby water vapor is avoided. Zeolite materials provide a highly porous structure that selectively absorbs and absorbs the components of the lateral smoke stream. The highly porous structure generally comprises macropores, between the particles and the micropores originating from the macropores. The components captured in macropores and micropores, in the presence of cerium oxide or other suitable oxidation catalysts at the high temperature of the burning cigarette, are believed to convert these captured components into oxidized compounds which continue to be retained in the absorbent material. they are released as invisible gases, which have sufficiently low tar and nicotine levels so that the lateral flow is invisible or at a desired low level.

Zeolite materials can be characterized by the following formula: MmM1nMuPta AIO2. b SiO2. c TO2], in which:

M is a monovalent cation; M 'is a divalent cation;

M "is a trivalent cation;

a, b, c, n, m and ρ are numbers reflecting stoichiometric proportions, c, m, η or ρ may also be zero;

Al and Si are atoms of Al and Si tetrahedrally coordinated; and T is a tetrahedrally coordinated metal atom, which is ca-

peace of replacing Al or Si;

wherein the b / a ratio of zeolite or zeolite-like material is about 5 to 300, and the micropore size is within the range of about 0.5 to 1.3 nm (5 to 13 THE). Preferred zeolites of the above formula have the specific formulas

faujasites ((Na2, Ca, Mg) 29 [AI58Sii340384] · 240 H2O; cubic), β-zeolites (Nan [AlnSí64-nOi28] with η <7; tetragonal), mordenite zeolites (NastAIsSi ^ Oge] .24 H2O ; orthorhombic), zeolites ZSM (Nan [AlnSi96-nOi92] ~ 16 H2O with η <27; orthorhombic) and mixtures thereof. It is considered that various grades of sorbent material may be

used. This is particularly true with zeolite gradients, which can be adjusted to selectively absorb, for example, high boiling materials, intermediate boiling materials, and low boiling materials. This may cause layers of the zeolite composition in which the cerium oxide or other suitable catalyst considered by this invention is preferably dispersed. The layers may then be bonded to the tobacco rod cigarette paper by use of a binder or adhesive, which may be, for example, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starches and protein. - those of casein or soy, and mixtures thereof.

The oxidation catalyst for storage metal oxide and oxygen donor can be selected from transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides (such as scandium, yttrium and the lanthanide metal series, ie lanthanum). ) and mixtures thereof. It is considered that the catalyst may be in the form of metal oxide or a metal oxide precursor which at the temperature of the burning cigarette is converted to a metal oxide to perform its catalytic activities. Transition metal oxides may be selected from oxides in the Periodic Table metal group consisting of the metals of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIll and IB and mixtures thereof. Preferred metals from the transition metal group are iron, copper, silver, manganese, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and tungsten oxides, and from the rare earth group are lanthanide metal oxides such as lanthanum oxides, cerium , praseodymium, neodymium and mixtures thereof. For example cerium may be used in admixture with any of the transition metals such as Ce / Zr mixed oxide. It is considered that other metal oxide oxidation catalysts may be used with the type of storage catalyst and oxygen donor. These other catalysts include precious metals and metals of groups IIA, IVA and mixtures thereof. Examples include palladium, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof.

The cerium catalyst precursor may be in the form of a cerium salt, such as cerium nitrate or other dispersible forms of cerium, such as a cerium sol consisting of a cerium oxide hydrate, or as also referred to as a cerium oxide. Cerium hydroxide, which is applied in solution or sol to the sorbent material, or to a paper as a coating and which is converted to cerium oxide at the high temperature of the burning cigarette, to then function as a catalyst. It should be understood that the sun may be a low nitrate cerium oxide hydrate sun. For purposes of describing the invention, the term catalyst is intended to include any catalyst precursor.

The catalyst, such as cerium oxide, is used in combination with the auxiliary material. It has been found that when used separately or in non-adjacent spaced layers, the ability to control the lateral flow of smoke is greatly reduced. Although in certain arrangements, some lateral smoke flow control can be obtained. Preferably, the catalyst is substantially adjacent to the auxiliary material. This can be achieved by co-mixing the particulate catalyst in combination with the auxiliary by contacting an auxiliary layer with a catalyst layer, coating the catalyst on the auxiliary or impregnating the catalyst within or on the porous surfaces of the auxiliary to provide the properties. amazing smoke side flow control It should be considered that many other constituents may be used in addition to the combination of the storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor and the auxiliary. Other additives may be used to further improve side-flow smoke treatment or alter other cigarette characteristics. These other additives may be mixed with the treatment composition or used elsewhere in cigarette construction, naturally providing that such additives do not have a considerably negative impact on the treatment composition's ability to treat side-flow smoke.

The composition may be formulated in a number of ways which provide for the co-mixing of cerium with the absorbent material. For example, the absorbent material may be sprayed with or immersed in a cerium salt solution, such as cerium nitrate or cerium oxide hydrate sol, to impregnate the surface of the absorbent material with cerium material. Cerium oxide may be prepared as a separate fine powder, which is mixed with the fine powder of the absorbent material. It is particularly preferred that the catalyst powders have an average particle size of less than about 30 μπι and particularly less than 20 μηι, and more particularly about 1.0 to 10 μηι, and especially 6 to 10 μιη , to ensure intimate mixing and co-mixing of materials.

As a general guideline for selecting the catalyst particle size and surface area, those skilled in the art will consider that the selected catalyst has a surface area that is such as to ensure that active catalyst sites are available for the components. of the lateral flow of migrant smoke. This may result in the catalyst particle size being greater than 30 μπι in certain embodiments if the catalyst particles are properly distributed to obtain the required degree of oxidation of the smoke side flow components.

It was surprisingly found that cerium oxide, particularly

In particular, high surface area cerium oxide is one of the few metal oxides that can perform both functions of the invention, that is, as a storage catalyst and oxygen donor as well as auxiliary. Porous cerium oxide particles can be produced with the high surface areas and the average particle size required to assist it. Cerium oxide is used with cigarette paper in a first proportion as the catalyst and a second proportion as an aid in the treatment composition. These proportions of cerium oxide generally correspond to the proportions used for the catalyst and the auxiliary, according to other aspects of the invention, to constitute the total charge. Alternatively, high surface area cerium oxides may be used with auxiliaries such as zeolites or other high surface metal oxides such as zirconium oxide or zirconium hydroxide.

Cerium may be formulated as a dispersion in solution, such as a cerium oxide sol or the like, and applied to sorbent material such as a zeolite. It is then dried and burned to provide cerium oxide particles attached to the surfaces of the sorbent material. When cerium oxide particles are affixed to auxiliary surfaces such as zeolite surfaces, the average particle size may be less than about 1.0 μηη. The relative proportions of zeolite-fixed cerium oxide may range from about 1 to 75% by weight, based on the total equivalent levels of cerium oxide and zeolite. Preferred relative proportions of zeolite-fixed cerium oxide may range from about 5 to 70% by weight based on the total equivalent levels of cerium oxide and zeolite.

A possible process for the production of the combined cerium oxide product fixed to the zeolite surfaces is described in co-pending published patent application 60 / 318,878 entitled "A Process For Making Metal Oxide-Coated Microporous Materials" filed with the United States Patents, September 14, 2001, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

The process generally involves the production of a catalytic cerium oxide coated zeolite particulate material having at least 1% by weight of cerium oxide coated on the outer surfaces of the zeolite particulate material based on the total equivalent levels of zeolite oxide. cerium and zeolite. In one aspect, the process generally comprises the steps of:

(i) combining a colloidal dispersion of cerium oxide hydrate (cerium hydroxide) with a compatible zeolite particulate material to form a slurry, the amount of colloidal dispersion being sufficient to provide, when heat treated with according to step (ii), more than 20% by weight of cerium oxide, the zeolite particulate material having an average pore size of less than 20 µm, and the colloidal dispersion having an average particle size of at least 20 A to thereby position the colloidal dispersion on the outer surfaces of the zeolite; and

(ii) heat treating the slurry first at temperatures below about 200 ° C and secondly above about 400 ° C to fix the resulting cerium oxide on the external surfaces of the zeolite particulate material to provide a free flow volume particulate.

Some of the combinations for the treatment composition may result in what is considered an unacceptable gray appearance. Unacceptable gray appearance features include delamination, defoliation, gray stain, oily appearance and color. It was thought that various gray modifiers could be added to the paper to enhance the appearance of gray. Such ash modifiers include metal oxides and / or carbonates such as zirconium oxide, titanium oxides, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium, magnesium carbonate and mixtures thereof.

It has been found that the treatment composition may require modifications to improve ash characteristics. Such modifications may include selecting a particular physical or chemical type of oxygen storage catalyst / oxygen donor and / or auxiliary type. In particular, in order to improve the gray color so that it is more white or gray rather than a dark charcoal color, it has been found that the reduced proportions of zeolite-based material to the helper are appropriate. The reduced proportion of zeolite material based on the dry weight of the paper is preferably less than 35 wt% and particularly less than 25 wt% and especially less than 15 wt%. It is considered that other types of fillers need to be added to compensate for the reduced proportion of zeolite based auxiliary. Suitable substitute metal oxides and / or carbonates include zirconium oxide, titanium oxides, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and mixtures thereof. Such aids may be produced, for example, by co-precipitation of cerium zirconium species, drying of the precipitate and then burning to form a high surface area crystalline cerium oxide and cerium oxide solid solution product. The ratio of cerium oxide to zirconium oxide in this crystal structure can range from about 5:95 to 95: 5. Alternatively, the ratio may range from about 20:80 to 80:20 and particularly range from about 50:50 to 80:20. This material in its high surface area also has catalytic properties and also provides oxygen storage and oxygen donation properties when zirconium oxide functions as the adjunct to cerium oxide.

Regarding catalyst selection, it was also found that combinations with cerium oxide contribute to a better appearance of ash. For example, cerium oxide may be deposited on high surface area cerium oxide, cerium oxide hydrate deposited on high surface area cerium / zirconium oxides, cerium oxide deposited and dried on a particle of cerium. cerium oxide of high surface area. Furthermore, the oxidation catalyst of the above mentioned precious metal or transition metal types can be combined with cerium based materials such as palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof.

Solid mixed metal oxide solutions are particularly preferred as the oxygen donor catalyst because of the improved lighter gray color. The solid mixed metal oxide solution includes the oxygen storage oxidation catalyst / oxygen donor and the auxiliary. Preferred metal oxides in a solid solution, such as oxygen storage / donor material, include lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and mixtures thereof. Preferred auxiliary metal oxides include zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide and mixtures thereof. Examples of such solid solutions include cerium / lanthanum mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lantanium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / praseodynium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide / lanthanum / praseodynium, cerium / zirconium / neodymium mixed oxide and mixtures thereof. These solid mixed oxide and other mixed oxide solutions are readily available as a commercial grade catalyst and are available from some of several catalyst suppliers. Other alternatives to solid solutions include physical mixtures of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide with a solid solution, for example cerium / zirconium mixed oxide solid solution. Other solid solutions and mixed oxides considered by this invention include cerium / aluminum mixed oxide, cerium / magnesium mixed oxide and cerium / titanium mixed oxide.

Oxidation catalysts, which may be included in solid solutions, are usually present in trace proportions. These catalysts include palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. They are usually included in solid solutions at levels below 1% by weight of the total solid solution. A preferred combination with respect to the solid solution with trace proportions of another oxidation catalyst is a combination of the above catalyst with a cerium / zirconium mixed oxide solid solution. It is preferred that the above oxidation catalyst, individually or in mixtures thereof, be included in the solid solution. Although alternatively it is understood that the above mentioned catalyst or mixtures thereof may be applied to the surfaces of cerium / zirconium mixed oxide solid solution particulate material.

The mixed oxides multipurpose solid solution includes ceria / zirconia / magnesia / titania, where ceria constitutes up to about 5 to about 75% of the solid solution.

It has also been found that a coating on the particulate calcium carbon wrap is useful in improving the ash characteristics. As previously described, the treatment composition may be incorporated or coated in a wrapper, which is the only wrapper for the tobacco rod. As mentioned above, one approach to refining the ash is to reduce the proportion of the absorbent aid, such as zeolite, and replace it with a selected metal oxide. Alternatively, it has been found that particularly with single wrappers having incorporation of the treatment composition, a calcium carbonate coating on the outer part of the wrapper greatly improves the ash, particularly from the point of view of appearance. It is quite surprising that a particulate calcium carbonate coating can have this effect in improving the ash characteristics. Perhaps calcium carbonate binds chemically or physically to the constituents in the wrapper to produce a more uniform light to gray ash. Particulate calcium carbonate may be refluxed into paste with a suitable binder for coating on the wrap. Suitable binders include those commonly used in the coating of calcium carbonate in wrapping materials such as polyvinyl alcohols, starches, CMC, casein, soy, binder clays and other suitable binders or adhesives. Particulate calcium carbonate has a particle size that is usually associated with its use as a filler in cigarette paper production. The particle size is therefore usually below 10 μΐη and preferably above 3 μιτι. However, some grades of calcium carbonate less than 1 μιτι may also be helpful.

The surprising activity of the smoke side flow treatment composition allows its use in cigarette papers having a wide range of porosities. It has also been found that the composition does not have to be used on cigarette papers having only high porosities. The treatment composition works equally well on papers with very low porosities of about 0.5 to very high porosities of about 1,000 Coresta units. Preferred porosities are usually less than 200 Coresta units and particularly preferred porosities are usually in the range of about 15 to 60 Coresta units. It is considered that the paper may be used as a double or multiple wrapper. The paper may be applied as an outer wrap in a cigarette having conventional cigarette paper. It is considered that, depending on porosity, certain catalyst and auxiliary combinations may work better than others.

The composition may simply be sprayed on either side or both sides of the cigarette paper and absorbed into the paper. As shown in Figure 1, paper 10 is conveyed in the direction of arrow 12. Treatment composition 14, as a slurry, is sprayed by spray nozzle 16 on paper 10 to provide a coating 18 which can It is dried on the paper. Alternatively, the composition may be extruded as a film on the paper surface and may be used as a single or multiple wrap. As shown in Figure 2, a film coating device 20 contains the slurry reflective treatment composition 14. The film coating device 20 has a thin film 22 on paper 10 which is carried in the direction of arrow 12. The film is dried to provide a coating 24 on paper 10. With such arrangements, it is quite surprising that the visual stream of visual smoke from a burning cigarette virtually disappears. The treatment composition may be applied to a conventional cigarette on the outside of the cigarette paper.

The coating may be obtained by a roller applicator 26, as shown in Figure 3. Treatment composition 14 is applied as a layer 28 to roller 30. A spreading blade 32 determines the thickness of a layer 34, which is then disposed. on paper 10, which is carried in the direction of arrow 12. The layer is then dried to form a coating 36 on paper 10.

Impregnation is achieved by use of a coating roll 24 of Figure 4, and the resulting layer 36 with paper 10 is passed in the direction of arrow 12 by the pressure rollers 38 and 40, which force the material layer into the coating. paper 10 to thereby impregnate the constituents of the treatment composition on the paper.

Those skilled in the art will also understand that various other coating processes, including transfer coating processes, may be used to produce the treatment paper of the invention. In the transfer coating process, a Mylar® sheet, or other suitable continuous sheet, may be used to transfer a coating composition from the Mylar® sheet to the surface of the cigarette paper. This type of transfer coating is useful when the substrate sheet may not readily accept the roll coating of a composition due to the physical strength characteristics of the paper or the like.

Another alternative is to incorporate the treatment composition into the papermaking. The composition may be introduced into the paper filler as a slurry. Referring to Figure 5, the filler treatment composition 42 is agitated by stirrer 44 to form a slurry in tank 46. The slurry is transferred in a conventional papermaking mode and is disposed as a layer 48 on a movable conveyor 50 to form the resulting cigarette paper 52. As a result, the treatment composition is incorporated into the final paper product.

Another alternative is to sandwich the treatment composition between the paper layers to form a double cigarette paper wrapper on the tobacco rods. For example, the composition may be applied, as by the spraying technique of Figure 1, to the inside of the outer paper and / or the outside of the inner paper. Since two papers are applied to the tobacco rod, the composition as a layer is sandwiched between the two papers. Each paper can be half the thickness of conventional cigarette paper, so the double wrap does not contribute appreciably to the overall diameter of the cigarette as it is easily handled by cigarette making machines.

Referring to Figure 6, tobacco rod 54 has, for example, cigarette paper 10 wrapped around it with lining 18 on the outside of the paper. In contrast, as shown in Figure 7, cigarette paper 10 may be applied with the coating 18 on the inner surface of the paper, adjacent to the tobacco rod 54.

Another alternative, as shown in Figure 8, is to sandwich the lining 18 between the cigarette papers 56 and 58. The papers 56 and 58, with the intermediate lining 18, can be formed as a single cigarette wrapper which is applied. to tobacco rod 54. Another alternative is shown in Figure 9, in which tobacco rod 54 is covered with conventional cigarette paper 60. On conventional paper 60 is cigarette paper 52 of Figure 5, with the treatment composition incorporated therein. It is also contemplated that paper 52, with the treatment composition incorporated therein, may be applied directly to the tobacco rod54.

In another alternative embodiment of the invention, various combinations for smoke side flow treatment paper may be provided in a double wrap configuration, for example, a coated paper of Figure 7 may be used as the inner layer of paper, and A different paper may be used as the outer layer of the double wrap, which may be conventional paper. The inner layer paper may also be a paper having the treatment composition incorporated therein, such as that of Figure 9. The inner layer paper may be designed to provide lateral smoke flow reduction by including all components. composition, such as a storage metal oxide oxidation catalyst and oxygen donor and the non-combustible auxiliary to the catalyst. Preferred examples of such a composition include a high surface area mixed cerium / zirconium oxide with zeolite and optionally enhanced with an oxidation catalyst such as platinum or palladium. In a double wrap system, the zeolite ratio may exceed 30% and may be in the range, for example, from 50 to 60% by weight.

The outer layer of the double wrap may have a different composition and may be designed to provide modifications to the gray to achieve the desired characteristics. For example, external paper can be designed to improve not only the appearance of ash, but also modify the burning rate of the cigarette and also minimize, if not eliminate, cigarette flares and jets. The outer layer may include, for example, metal oxides such as low surface area cerium oxide, solid cerium oxide / zirconium oxide solution, alumina, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide and the like. In addition, cerium oxide hydrate may be coated on the outer layer metal oxide materials to ensure that sufficient oxygen is present to support combustion of the outer layer of the cigarette. The two layers, when combined as a double wrap, provide effective side flow control of visible smoke. Adjacent papers burn evenly to produce desired ash, and the outer papers can work to minimize or prevent highly active oxygen donor material from causing flares.

The double wrap aspect of the invention provides a

significant flexibility in the design of a low smoke side-flow cigarette. The individual sheets of the double wrap design have the selected treatment composition impregnated, coated or incorporated into the respective sheet. Alternatively, sheets having a treatment composition incorporated therein may also be coated with the same or a different treatment composition, to further improve lateral smoke flow control and / or ash modification. To demonstrate this flexibility in the low-smoke side-flow cigarette design, the exemplary treatment compositions for inner and outer papers are as follows: Outer paper

(i) high surface area of cerium / zirconium oxide (75:25) + low surface area zirconium oxide;

ii) high surface area alumina coated with cerium hydrate; iii) hydrate coated low surface area cerium oxide

cerium;

iv) high surface area zirconium oxide coated with cerium hydrate; or

v) cerium / zirconium (25:75) mixed oxide of high surface area. Inner paper

(i) high surface area of cerium / zirconium oxide (75:25) mixed with palladium catalyst + palladium catalyst enhanced zeolite;

ii) high surface area of cerium / zirconium oxide (75:25) + palladium catalyst enhanced zeolite;

iii) high surface area of cerium / zirconium mixed oxide (75:25) + zeolite, where cerium / zirconium mixed oxide is enhanced with palladium catalyst; or

iv) high surface area of cerium / zirconium mixed oxide (75:25) + zeolite, where cerium / zirconium mixed oxide is enhanced with platinum and tin catalyst.

These various compositions for the internal and external roles can

can be combined in various combinations to provide lateral smoke flow control and ash enhancement.

The preferred combination is a solid solution of cerium / zirconium oxide (75:25) and high surface area zirconium oxide for the external paper. For the internal paper, the preferred treatment composition is a high surface area cerium / zirconium (75:25) mixed solid solution enhanced with palladium catalyst plus palladium catalyst enhanced zeolite. On a dry weight basis on the outer paper, the coating formulation has 25% high surface area cerium / zirconium mixed oxide and 75% low surface area zirconium oxide. The internal paper has, on a dry weight basis, about 44% high surface area mixed cerium / zirconium oxide and 56% zeolite, both enhanced with palladium.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the above-mentioned procedures for providing the smoke side flow treatment composition within or on a desired cigarette paper may be varied with respect to the charges provided and the number of wraps used on a tobacco rod. For example, two or more papers with various fillers of the composition on both sides of the papers may be used so that the load on one side is reduced, facilitating coating application.

With either of these combinations, it has been surprisingly found that the visible smoke lateral flow is virtually eliminated. At the same time, cigarette paper has the conventional ash-forming characteristics. It is particularly surprising that simply applying the composition to the outside of cigarette paper can minimize the visible flow of visible smoke to an almost undetectable level. It is contemplated that, depending on the manner in which the composition is used and applied to a cigarette, various processing aids and mixtures thereof may be required to facilitate particular application of the treatment composition. Such processing aids include lamination materials such as polyvinyl alcohol, starches, CMC, casein, soy and other acceptable types of adhesives, various types of binder clays, inert fillers, bleaching viscosity modifying agents, inert fibrous material such as as zirconium fibers and zirconium / cerium fibers as described in US Patent Application 60 / 318,614, entitled "Zirconium / Metal Oxide Fibers", filed September 13, 2001, the object of which is incorporated herein by reference.

Penetrating agents may also be employed to transport the composition to paper. Suitable diluents, such as water, are also used to dilute the composition so that it can be spray coated, spreader coated, spreader coated, stick coated, blade coated, print coated, coated with roll-coated, slot die-coated sizing press, transfer coating technique and the like on a conventional cigarette paper. The desirable fillers of the treatment composition on or in

cigarette paper, wrap or the like is preferably in the range of about 2.5 g / m2 to about 125 g / m2. Particularly, the load is in the range of about 2.5 g / m2 to about 100 g / m2. Expressed as a percentage by weight, the paper may be from about 10 to 500% by weight and particularly about 10 to 400% by weight of the treatment composition. While these charges are representative for single paper, those skilled in the art will understand that these total charges may be provided by the use of two or more papers.

The smoke side flow reduction composition is typically used as an aqueous slurry of the composition. The composition of the dry composition, which may be produced in a slurry, may vary depending on its use as a paper coating, in incorporation or impregnation. For example, the incorporation formulation may contain from about 10% to 33% cerium-based catalyst, 20% to 62% of an auxiliary and 10% to 75% of a gray modifier. Another alternative may contain about 10% to 25% by weight of cerium-based catalyst, 40% to 55% of an auxiliary and 20% to 50% of a zeolite which is different from the auxiliary.

The slurry may be incorporated into the paper filler in the papermaking process, or is coated on the paper by various coating processes or impregnated on the paper by various impregnation processes. The preferred average particle size of the catalyst and the slurry aid for the slurry is in the range from about 1 μΐη to about 30 μιτι and particularly about 1 μιη to about 10 μιτι. Preferred relative amounts of catalyst fixed in the auxiliary may range from about 1% to 75% for cerium, particularly from about 10% to 70%, and especially from about 20% to 70% by weight, with based on total equivalent catalyst and auxiliary contents. Less than 1% of another catalyst, such as a precious metal catalyst, may be attached to the auxiliary.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described in detail herein, those skilled in the art will understand that variations may be made therein, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (36)

1. Low side-flow smoke cigarette having a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper, characterized in that said treatment paper having a side-flow smoke treatment composition comprising a carbon dioxide oxidation catalyst. oxide storage and oxygen donor and a finely divided particulate auxiliary essentially non-combustible for said catalyst, wherein a solid solution of particulate mixed metal oxides is used as said oxide storage and oxygen donor oxidation catalyst and said auxiliary. 2. Low sidestream smoke cigarette comprising a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper having a sidestream smoke treatment composition, characterized in that said treatment composition comprising a catalyst for metal oxide storage and oxygen donor oxidation, an essentially non-combustible particulate auxiliary for said catalyst, and a metal oxide and / or carbonate for modifying ash characteristics. 3. Low sidestream smoke cigarette comprising a conventional tobacco rod and a combustible treatment paper having a sidestream smoke treatment composition, characterized in that said treatment composition comprising a catalyst for metal oxide storage and oxygen donor oxidation, an essentially non-combustible high surface area auxiliary for said catalyst incorporated in said treatment paper, and a calcium carbonate coating on an outer surface of said treatment paper for modify the characteristics of the gray. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said oxidation catalyst for storage and oxide donor metal oxides is selected from the group consisting of: transition metal oxides, rare earth metal oxides and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 4, characterized in that said transition metal oxides are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides from groups IVB, VB1 VIB, VIIBj VIIIB, IB and their mixtures. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to Claim 4, characterized in that said rare earth metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of oxides consisting of scandium, yttrium and lanthanide metals and your mixtures. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 6, characterized in that said lanthanide metal oxides are selected from the group consisting of lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, praseodymium oxide, oxide of neodymium and its mixtures. Low sidestream smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said aid is selected from the group consisting of essentially non-combustible ground fibers of clay based materials. of monolithic minerals, essentially non-combustible carbon, zeolites and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to Claim 8, characterized in that said auxiliary is a vehicle for an oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, oxide. of copper, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said auxiliary is a high surface area particulate. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 10, characterized in that said particulate aid is a zeolite-based material, ranging from about 0.1% by weight of the total dry weight of the composition to about 60% by weight of the total dry weight of the composition and preferably less than 25% by weight and particularly less than 15% by weight. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said auxiliary is a support for a ceria sun to be applied to it and dried. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said auxiliary is a high surface area cerium oxide. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and mixtures thereof, metal oxide fibers and ground porous ceramic fibers and mixtures thereof. Low sidestream smoke cigarette according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said oxygen storage donor and oxygen donor oxidation catalyst and auxiliary thereof are a solid solution. of mixed metal oxides. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that said solid mixed metal oxide solution further comprises a selected oxidation catalyst from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium. , tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that the auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide and their mixtures. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that said solid mixed metal oxide solution is selected from the group consisting of mixed cerium / lanthanum oxides, mixed cerium oxides. / zirconium, cerium / aluminum mixed oxides, cerium / magnesium mixed oxides, cerium / titanium mixed oxides, cerium / zirconium mixed oxides, cerium / lanthanium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, oxide cerium / zirconium / lanthanum mixed, cerium / zirconium / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / lanthanum / praseodymium mixed oxide, cerium / zirconium / neodymium mixed oxide and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that said solid solution is a high surface area porous particulate. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that said solid solution is a low surface area porous particulate. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that said solid solution is a high surface area mixed cerium / zirconium oxide. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 21, characterized in that said cerium / zirconium mixed oxide has a ratio ranging from about 5:95 to about 95: 5. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to claim 21, characterized in that an oxidation catalyst selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide , manganese oxide and mixtures thereof, is included in said solid solution of said cerium / zirconium mixed oxide or is applied to the surface of said cerium / zirconium mixed oxide solid solution. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 21, characterized in that said mixed cerium / zirconium oxide has a particle size greater than about 1 μιη. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 24, characterized in that said mixed cerium / zirconium oxide has a particle size of less than about 30 μιη. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 25, characterized in that said ratio is about 75: 25 and said particle size is about 6 μηη to 10 μίτι. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said treatment composition is incorporated into said treatment paper at a loading rate of about 2.5 ° C. g / m2 to about 125 g / m Low side flow smoke cigarette according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said treatment composition is coated on said treatment paper. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to claim 2, characterized in that said ash-modifying metal oxide and / or carbon is selected from the group. consisting of zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and your mixtures. Low-sidestream smoke cigarette according to claim 29, characterized in that said oxide and / or gray-modifying metal carbonate (s) is zirconium oxide. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said oxygen storage donor and metal oxide oxidation catalyst is a porous particulate solid solution of cerium / zirconium. which is preferably a high surface area mixed oxide material. Low side-flow smoke cigarette according to claim 31, characterized in that the zirconium oxide and / or a zeolite are used in combination with said mixed cerium / oxide. zirconium. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 32, characterized in that an oxidation catalyst is used with said cerium / zirconium metal oxide, zirconium oxide and / or zeolite. . Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 33, characterized in that said oxidation catalyst is selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, tin oxide, copper oxide, oxide oxide. iron, manganese oxide and mixtures thereof, said oxidation catalyst being incorporated into said solid cerium / zirconium oxide solid solution or applied to the surfaces of cerium / zirconium mixed oxide, zirconium oxide and / or particulate zeolite (s) . 35. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 2, characterized in that said treatment composition is applied as a coating to the cigarette paper, said coating composition including an oxide or carbonate. selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium carbonate, magnesium and mixtures thereof. Low side flow smoke cigarette according to claim 2, characterized in that said combustible treatment paper comprises an inner leaf and an outer leaf, said inner leaf comprises said smoke reducing treatment composition. lateral flow, said outer layer comprising a treatment composition for modifying the characteristics of the ash.