BG64930B1 - Three-phase electric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The generator is used in electrical engineering for generating electric power for residential and industrial needs. It can be used in systems operating at alternating loads and an arbitrary cycle of loading, as well as in the slow-revolution equipment due to its facility to ensure multi-pole arrangements which simplifies the mechanical transmissions. The generator consists of a rotor and stator supplied with windings. Rotor (4) and stator (1) have disc shapes and are fitted in close proximity next to each other by a shaft (7), fixed to the stator (1), on which rotor (4) rests. Windings (2) of stator (1) are fitted on the front part of the disc, radially or in the form of a hyperbolic spiral, and on the front side of rotor (4), opposite to the stator windings, a magnetic system is fitted of permanent magnets or built-in radial rotor windings (3) connected by brushes (5) to a control excitation unit (11). To the rotor (4) a driving pulley (6) connected to a driving unit (10) is mounted.

Description

(54) THREE-PHASE ELECTRICAL GENERATOR

Technical field

The invention relates to an electric generator, which is used in electrical engineering for the production of electricity for domestic and industrial needs.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A cylindrical electric generator consisting of a stator and a rotor equipped with windings is known.

The disadvantages of the known generator are the relatively large axial dimensions, which are proportional to the outer diameter of the rotor. This is due to difficulties in its incorporation into electromechanical systems. In addition, in a cylindrical generator, the air circulates horizontally or vertically into a cylindrical air stream, which makes it difficult to cool it.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a three-phase, low-speed, rotary motor with a minimum torque combined with increased torque that is convenient for incorporation into electromechanical systems.

The three-phase electric generator consists of a rotor and a stator equipped with windings. According to the invention, the rotor and the stator are disk-shaped and arranged in close proximity to one another by a fixed axis in the stator on which the rotor is mounted. The stator windings are located on the front of the disk radially or in the form of a hyperbolic spiral. On the front side of the rotor, opposite to the stator windings, there is a permanent magnet permanent magnet system or integrated radial rotor windings connected by brushes with a control excitation block. A fixed drive washer is mounted on the other end of the rotor connected to a drive unit.

The stator windings are located radially when there are no special requirements for the cos F parameter, or in the form of a hyperbolic helix when the requirements for this indicator are increased.

The hyperbolic coil equation is R.F = a, where a determines the distance of the asymptote of that coil from the origin of the coordinate system, in this case the center of the generator shaft (Fig. 1). The radius R and the angle F are selected according to the dimensions of the generator. When F tends to zero, R tends to infinity and the line BC drawn parallel to the polar axis OA at distance "a" is the asymptote of the helix. When the angle F tends to infinity, the radius R tends to zero. Therefore, the pole "0" is the asymptotic point of the spiral around which it describes an infinite number of revolutions and is never theoretically reached.

The winding shape is similar to the hyperbolic helix shape in section IIIII of FIG. 1, that is, when F tends to zero, R tends to infinity.

A permanent magnet magnetic system is used for low power. At high power and loads, rotor windings connected to the control excitation unit are used.

The control excitation unit is an electronic monitoring system that supplies alternating excitation current through the excitation windings to the rotor. The excitation coils create a variable magnetic field, which results in the electric generator operating in the optimum mode corresponding to the torque applied to it.

When using the electric generator according to the invention, there are no restrictions in terms of current and operating voltage, and the operating frequency of the electric current is up to 200 - 300 Hz.

The advantages of an electric generator according to the invention are expressed in the following: It can be used in systems operating under variable loads and any load cycle. It is suitable for use in slow-moving technology because of its ability to realize multipolarity, which simplifies mechanical transmissions, such as when used in electric vehicles, wheelchairs and more. The generator is of minimal axial size, rotating at low speeds combined with increased torque. It is suitable for incorporation into electromechanical systems in which it is not possible to incorporate known power generators as it provides increased torque per unit axial size. Its incorporation into electromechanical systems also provides compactness, as many other assemblies and intermediate units are eliminated. The cooling of the generator is done radially - the air is sucked in the center and is discharged along the periphery, which increases the degree of cooling. This allows the generator to be loaded with more torque, making peak loads easier to accept under variable operating conditions.

Description of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a diagram of a stator winding in the form of a hyperbolic helix.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric generator according to the invention with a partial longitudinal section.

3 is a section through AA of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view along B-B of FIG. 2.

An embodiment of the invention

The one shown in FIG. 2, 3 and 4 an electric generator consists of a stator 1, disk-shaped and provided with windings 2 radially on the 'front side of the stator 1. The windings 2 are connected via cable 9 to a consumer 13. A stator 1 is integrated into the stator 1. an axis 7 on which, in the immediate vicinity of the stator 1, is mounted by means of rolling bearings 14 a disc-shaped rotor 4. On the side of the stator 1 to the front side of the rotor 4 is a magnetic system of radially arranged windings 3 connected via brushes 5 and a cable 8 with a control excitation block 11. To the other front side of the rotor 4 is mounted a fixed washer 6 connected to a drive assembly 10. In the stator 1 cooling holes 12 are arranged around the center.

When the magnetic system is made of permanent magnets, they are fixed to the rotor.

Use of the invention

The rotor 4 is magnetically polished by the built-in magnetic system:

- with permanent magnetic induction, when permanent magnets are used, the magnetization being transverse to the stator windings;

- is a variable magnetic induction when the rotor windings 3 are controlled by an excitation unit 11 that regulates the magnetic characteristics depending on the torque of the drive unit applied to the rotor 4.

The magnetized rotor 4 rotates above the stator 1, inducing electrical impulses in the form of an electric current proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic induction of the magnetic field, the length of the stator windings 2 and the speed of the rotor 4 relative to the stator 1 in a direction perpendicular to magnetic force lines. The drive washer 6 mounted to the rotor 4, coupled to the drive unit 10, transmits its torque to the generator.

Claims

Claims (1)

A three-phase electrical generator consisting of a rotor and a stator provided with windings, characterized in that the rotor (4) and the stator (1) are disk-shaped and arranged in close proximity to each other by being fixedly fixed in the stator (1 ) the axis (7) on which the rotor (4) is mounted, the stator windings (2) being disposed radially or in the form of a hyperbolic spiral on the front of the disk and the rotor (4) on the front side of the rotor. , opposite to the stator windings, there is a permanent magnet or embedded magnetic system These radially rotor windings (3), connected by brushes (5) with a control excitation unit (11), are mounted on the rotor (4) with a fixed drive washer (6) connected to a drive unit (10). Attachment: 4 figures FIG. /